CN209878593U - A Long Wave Infrared Doppler Differential Interferometer - Google Patents

A Long Wave Infrared Doppler Differential Interferometer Download PDF

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CN209878593U
CN209878593U CN201920259158.9U CN201920259158U CN209878593U CN 209878593 U CN209878593 U CN 209878593U CN 201920259158 U CN201920259158 U CN 201920259158U CN 209878593 U CN209878593 U CN 209878593U
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冯玉涛
韩斌
张兆会
李立波
畅晨光
白清兰
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XiAn Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics of CAS
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Abstract

本实用新型属于精细光谱探测领域,具体涉及一种长波红外多普勒差分干涉仪。该长波红外多普勒差分干涉仪沿光路依次设置前置镜头、干涉仪、条纹成像镜头和探测器;前置镜头沿光路依次同光轴设置第一孔径光阑、第一前置透镜、滤光片、视场光阑和第二前置透镜,第一孔径光阑位于前置镜头的第一个表面;条纹成像镜头沿光路依次同光轴设置第一成像透镜、第二成像透镜和第三成像透镜;平行光线依次经过前置镜头、干涉仪、条纹成像镜头后,在探测器焦平面形成干涉条纹。利用该长波红外多普勒差分干涉仪可以实现24~60km平流层大气风场和臭氧浓度的探测。

The utility model belongs to the field of fine spectrum detection, in particular to a long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer. The long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer is sequentially provided with a front lens, an interferometer, a fringe imaging lens and a detector along the optical path; A light sheet, a field stop and a second front lens, the first aperture stop is located on the first surface of the front lens; the fringe imaging lens is sequentially arranged on the same optical axis along the optical path as the first imaging lens, the second imaging lens and the second imaging lens Three imaging lenses; after the parallel light passes through the front lens, interferometer, and fringe imaging lens in sequence, interference fringes are formed on the focal plane of the detector. The long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer can be used to detect the atmospheric wind field and ozone concentration in the 24-60 km stratosphere.

Description

一种长波红外多普勒差分干涉仪A Long Wave Infrared Doppler Differential Interferometer

技术领域technical field

本实用新型属于精细光谱探测领域,具体涉及一种长波红外多普勒差分干涉仪的光学系统。The utility model belongs to the field of fine spectrum detection, in particular to an optical system of a long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer.

背景技术Background technique

传统的大气风场探测技术主要包括法布里-珀罗干涉风场探测技术和广角迈克尔逊干涉仪风场探测技术,前者具有高分辨率和高灵敏度特性,但是加工装调精度要求非常高;后者需要光程差扫描装置且一次只能探测一条谱线。多普勒差分干涉技术是一种新型的精细光谱探测技术,该技术具有高光谱分辨率、高通量、高稳定性等优点。传统的大气风场探测方法的目标源是位于80~300km的可见光波段的高层大气气辉,在24~60km的平流层中则需要选择强度更弱的红外热辐射源作为风场探测的目标源,因此采用多普勒差分干涉技术进行探测。Traditional atmospheric wind field detection technologies mainly include Fabry-Perot interferometric wind field detection technology and wide-angle Michelson interferometer wind field detection technology. The former has high resolution and high sensitivity, but requires very high processing and adjustment accuracy; The latter requires an optical path difference scanning device and can only detect one spectral line at a time. Doppler differential interferometry is a new type of fine spectral detection technology, which has the advantages of high spectral resolution, high throughput, and high stability. The target source of the traditional atmospheric wind field detection method is the upper atmospheric airglow located in the visible light band of 80-300 km, and in the stratosphere of 24-60 km, it is necessary to select a weaker infrared thermal radiation source as the target source of wind field detection , so the Doppler differential interferometry technique is used for detection.

研究发现臭氧谱线在长波红外波段8.8μm附近谱线强度高,分离性好,可以作为目标谱线。根据多普勒效应,大气风场会使干涉仪得到的谱线中心频率产生偏移,并且偏移量与大气运动速度有定量关系。因此可以通过臭氧谱线的多普勒频移量反演计算出平流层大气的运动速度。同时,该高度层大气的臭氧浓度也可以通过数据反演得到。The study found that the ozone spectral line near 8.8 μm in the long-wave infrared band has high spectral intensity and good separation, which can be used as the target spectral line. According to the Doppler effect, the atmospheric wind field will shift the center frequency of the spectral line obtained by the interferometer, and the shift amount has a quantitative relationship with the velocity of the atmospheric motion. Therefore, the velocity of the stratospheric atmosphere can be calculated by inversion of the Doppler frequency shift of the ozone spectral line. At the same time, the ozone concentration of the atmosphere at this altitude can also be obtained through data inversion.

实用新型内容Utility model content

本实用新型提供了一种长波红外多普勒差分干涉仪的光学系统,以实现24~60km平流层大气风场和臭氧浓度的探测。The utility model provides an optical system of a long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer to realize the detection of a 24-60 km stratosphere atmospheric wind field and ozone concentration.

为实现以上目的,本实用新型提供一种长波红外多普勒差分干涉仪,其特殊之处在于:沿光路依次设置前置镜头、干涉仪、条纹成像镜头和探测器;In order to achieve the above objectives, the utility model provides a long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer, which is special in that: a front lens, an interferometer, a fringe imaging lens and a detector are sequentially arranged along the optical path;

上述前置镜头沿光路依次同光轴设置第一孔径光阑、第一前置透镜、滤光片、视场光阑和第二前置透镜,第一孔径光阑位于前置镜头的第一个表面,视场光阑位于滤光片和第二前置透镜之间;The above-mentioned front lens is provided with a first aperture stop, a first front lens, an optical filter, a field stop and a second front lens along the optical path in sequence on the optical axis, and the first aperture stop is located at the first of the front lens. surface, the field diaphragm is located between the filter and the second front lens;

上述干涉仪包括分束板、补偿板、第一视场展宽棱镜、第二视场展宽棱镜、第一光栅和第二光栅;第一视场展宽棱镜与第一光栅形成第一光学单元,第二视场展宽棱镜与第二光栅形成第二光学单元,分束板与补偿板平行放置形成分束单元,第一光学单元与第二光学单元分别位于分束单元的两路出射光路中;The above-mentioned interferometer includes a beam splitter plate, a compensation plate, a first field of view widening prism, a second field of view widening prism, a first grating and a second grating; the first field of view widening prism and the first grating form a first optical unit, and the first field of view widening prism and the first grating form a first optical unit. The second optical unit is formed by the two-field widening prism and the second grating, the beam splitter and the compensation plate are placed in parallel to form the beam splitter, and the first optical unit and the second optical unit are respectively located in the two outgoing light paths of the beam splitter;

上述条纹成像镜头沿光路依次同光轴设置第一成像透镜、第二成像透镜和第三成像透镜;The stripe imaging lens is provided with a first imaging lens, a second imaging lens and a third imaging lens on the same optical axis in sequence along the optical path;

平行光线经过前置镜头后,利用滤光片提取目标谱线的辐射强度信息;经过干涉仪的分光后,两臂光线在干涉仪出口形成Fizeau型干涉条纹;经过条纹成像镜头后,干涉仪出口处的干涉条纹成像在探测器焦平面。After the parallel light passes through the front lens, the radiation intensity information of the target spectral line is extracted by using a filter; after the light is split by the interferometer, the two-arm light forms a Fizeau-type interference fringe at the exit of the interferometer; after passing through the fringe imaging lens, the interferometer exits The interference fringes at are imaged at the detector focal plane.

进一步地,第一前置透镜为双凸正透镜,第二前置透镜为弯月正透镜,滤光片的光焦度为零。Further, the first front lens is a biconvex positive lens, the second front lens is a meniscus positive lens, and the focal power of the optical filter is zero.

进一步地,第一前置透镜、第二前置透镜及滤光片的材料均为锗;Further, the materials of the first front lens, the second front lens and the filter are germanium;

上述第一孔径光阑和第一前置透镜的间隔为13.5±0.2mm,第一前置透镜和滤光片的间隔为12.7±0.2mm,滤光片和视场光阑的间隔为6±0.2mm,视场光阑和第二前置透镜的间隔为60.8±0.2mm。The distance between the first aperture stop and the first front lens is 13.5±0.2mm, the distance between the first front lens and the filter is 12.7±0.2mm, and the distance between the filter and the field stop is 6±0.0mm 0.2mm, the distance between the field diaphragm and the second front lens is 60.8±0.2mm.

进一步地,上述滤光片的中心波长为8781.5nm,滤光片FWHM为127nm。Further, the central wavelength of the above-mentioned optical filter is 8781.5 nm, and the FWHM of the optical filter is 127 nm.

进一步地,上述干涉仪中分束板和补偿板为硒化锌玻璃平板,第一视场展宽棱镜和第二视场展宽棱镜为同样的前后表面成一定角度的棱镜,材料为硒化锌,第一光栅和第二光栅为同样的刻线密度为150线/mm,闪耀角为41.588°。Further, the beam splitter plate and the compensation plate in the above-mentioned interferometer are zinc selenide glass plates, the first field of view widening prism and the second field of view widening prism are the same prisms whose front and rear surfaces form a certain angle, and the material is zinc selenide, The first grating and the second grating have the same groove density of 150 lines/mm and a blaze angle of 41.588°.

进一步地,上述条纹成像镜头中第一成像透镜为双凸正透镜,第二成像透镜为弯月负透镜,第三成像透镜为弯月正透镜;上述条纹成像镜头还包括第二孔径光阑,上述第二孔径光阑置于探测器冷屏处。Further, in the above-mentioned stripe imaging lens, the first imaging lens is a biconvex positive lens, the second imaging lens is a meniscus negative lens, and the third imaging lens is a meniscus positive lens; the above-mentioned stripe imaging lens also includes a second aperture stop, The above-mentioned second aperture stop is placed at the cold screen of the detector.

进一步地,第一成像透镜、第二成像透镜及第三成像透镜的材料均为锗;Further, the materials of the first imaging lens, the second imaging lens and the third imaging lens are germanium;

上述第一成像透镜和第二成像透镜的间隔为33.5±0.03mm,第二成像透镜和第三成像透镜的间隔为41.8±0.03mm,第三成像透镜和探测器窗口的距离为20±0.03mm。The distance between the first imaging lens and the second imaging lens is 33.5±0.03mm, the distance between the second imaging lens and the third imaging lens is 41.8±0.03mm, and the distance between the third imaging lens and the detector window is 20±0.03mm .

进一步地,上述前置镜头为开普勒式无焦系统,保证整个光栅被照亮;上述条纹成像镜头F/#为2,放大率β=-0.28。Further, the above-mentioned front lens is a Kepler-type afocal system, which ensures that the entire grating is illuminated; the above-mentioned fringe imaging lens has an F/# of 2 and a magnification of β=-0.28.

进一步地,上述前置镜头和分束板的间隔为60±0.2mm,补偿板和条纹成像镜头之间的间隔可调,常温常压时,补偿板和条纹成像镜头的间隔为60±0.2mm。Further, the distance between the above-mentioned front lens and the beam splitter plate is 60±0.2mm, the distance between the compensation plate and the fringe imaging lens is adjustable, and at normal temperature and pressure, the distance between the compensation plate and the fringe imaging lens is 60±0.2mm .

进一步地,上述探测器为科学级CCD相机,其光谱范围为8~10μm,像元大小为30μm,面阵大小为320×256,工作温度为-40℃~+71℃。Further, the above-mentioned detector is a scientific grade CCD camera with a spectral range of 8-10 μm, a pixel size of 30 μm, an array size of 320×256, and an operating temperature of -40°C to +71°C.

与现有技术相比,本实用新型的有益效果是:Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

1、本实用新型实现了分体式多普勒差分干涉仪在长波红外波段的应用,通过对前置镜头、干涉仪和条纹成像镜头的设计,干涉仪系统在工作波段内得到的仿真干涉条纹具有较高的调制度,能够满足24~60km大气风速反演和臭氧浓度反演的精度要求。1. The utility model realizes the application of the split Doppler differential interferometer in the long-wave infrared band. Through the design of the front lens, interferometer and fringe imaging lens, the simulated interference fringes obtained by the interferometer system in the working band have The higher modulation degree can meet the accuracy requirements of 24-60km atmospheric wind speed retrieval and ozone concentration retrieval.

2、本实用新型采用完全匹配的方式对制冷型探测器进行冷屏匹配,即将条纹成像镜头的孔径光阑置于探测器冷屏处,并保证成像镜头物方远心,从而有效提高像面处的相对照度,使像面的照度保持均匀。2. The utility model adopts a complete matching method to carry out cold screen matching on the cooling type detector, that is, the aperture diaphragm of the fringe imaging lens is placed at the cold screen of the detector, and the telecentricity of the object side of the imaging lens is ensured, thereby effectively improving the image plane. The relative illuminance at the position keeps the illuminance of the image plane uniform.

3、本实用新型利用机械主动式热补偿方式对条纹成像镜头进行无热化设计,通过调整镜头相对于探测器窗口的距离保证常温常压(20℃,1atm)和低温真空(160K,0atm)两种环境下的成像质量,使干涉仪系统能够在常温常压下装配,在低温真空环境下工作,从而降低光机结构自身热辐射对探测灵敏度造成的影响。3. The utility model uses the mechanical active thermal compensation method to carry out an athermal design for the streak imaging lens, and ensures normal temperature and pressure (20°C, 1atm) and low temperature vacuum (160K, 0atm) by adjusting the distance between the lens and the detector window The imaging quality in the two environments enables the interferometer system to be assembled at normal temperature and pressure and work in a low-temperature vacuum environment, thereby reducing the impact of the thermal radiation of the optical-mechanical structure itself on the detection sensitivity.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是实施例中长波红外多普勒差分干涉仪的光路结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the optical path structure of the long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer in the embodiment;

图中附图标记为:1-前置镜头;101-第一孔径光阑,102-第一前置透镜,103-滤光片,104-视场光阑,105-第二前置透镜;Reference signs in the figure are: 1-front lens; 101-first aperture stop, 102-first front lens, 103-filter, 104-field diaphragm, 105-second front lens;

2-干涉仪;201-第一光栅,202-第一视场展宽棱镜,203-分束板,204-补偿板,205-第二视场展宽棱镜,206-第二光栅;2-interferometer; 201-first grating, 202-first field of view widening prism, 203-beam splitter, 204-compensation plate, 205-second field of view widening prism, 206-second grating;

3-条纹成像镜头;301-第一成像透镜,302-第二成像透镜,303-第三成像透镜。3—stripe imaging lens; 301—first imaging lens, 302—second imaging lens, 303—third imaging lens.

图2是条纹成像镜头光学结构图;Fig. 2 is the optical structure diagram of the fringe imaging lens;

图中附图标记为:304-第二孔径光阑,305-冷屏;The reference signs in the figure are: 304-second aperture stop, 305-cold screen;

图3a是条纹成像镜头在常温常压(20℃,1atm)下的点列图;Figure 3a is a spot diagram of the streak imaging lens at normal temperature and pressure (20°C, 1atm);

图3b是条纹成像镜头在常温常压(20℃,1atm)下的MTF曲线;Figure 3b is the MTF curve of the streak imaging lens at normal temperature and pressure (20°C, 1atm);

图4a是条纹成像镜头在低温真空(0℃,0atm)下经过调焦后系统的点列图;Figure 4a is a spot diagram of the system after the stripe imaging lens has been focused under low-temperature vacuum (0°C, 0atm);

图4b是条纹成像镜头在低温真空(0℃,0atm)下经过调焦后系统的MTF曲线;Figure 4b is the MTF curve of the system after the fringe imaging lens is focused under low temperature vacuum (0°C, 0atm);

图5a是长波红外多普勒差分干涉仪光学系统仿真得到的在常温常压(20℃,1atm)条件下的干涉图;Fig. 5a is the interferogram under normal temperature and pressure (20°C, 1 atm) obtained by simulation of the optical system of the long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer;

图5b是长波红外多普勒差分干涉仪光学系统仿真得到的在低温真空(0℃,0atm)条件下的干涉图;Figure 5b is the interferogram under low temperature vacuum (0°C, 0atm) conditions obtained by simulation of the optical system of the long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer;

图6a是干涉仪在常温常压(20℃,1atm)条件下得到的干涉条纹调制度的计算;Figure 6a is the calculation of the interference fringe modulation obtained by the interferometer at normal temperature and pressure (20°C, 1 atm);

图6b是干涉仪在低温真空(0℃,0atm)条件下得到的干涉条纹调制度的计算。Fig. 6b is the calculation of the interference fringe modulation obtained by the interferometer under the condition of low temperature vacuum (0°C, 0atm).

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图和具体实施例对本实用新型作进一步详细说明。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the utility model is described in further detail.

本实施例提供一种长波红外多普勒差分干涉仪的光学系统,包括前置镜头1、干涉仪2、条纹成像镜头3和探测器(未图示)。探测器可采用科学级CCD相机,其光谱范围为8~10μm,像元大小为30μm,面阵大小为320×256,工作温度为-40℃~+71℃。This embodiment provides an optical system of a long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer, including a front lens 1 , an interferometer 2 , a fringe imaging lens 3 and a detector (not shown). The detector can use a scientific grade CCD camera with a spectral range of 8-10 μm, a pixel size of 30 μm, an array size of 320×256, and an operating temperature of -40°C to +71°C.

参见图1,本实施例中前置镜头1包括第一孔径光阑101、第一前置透镜102、滤光片103、视场光阑104和第二前置透镜105。其中第一孔径光阑101位于前置镜头1的第一个表面,第一前置透镜102为双凸正透镜,第二前置透镜105为弯月正透镜,材料均为锗,滤光片103中心波长为8781.5nm,滤光片103的带宽FWHM为127nm,视场光阑104位于滤光片103与第二前置透镜105之间。Referring to FIG. 1 , the front lens 1 in this embodiment includes a first aperture stop 101 , a first front lens 102 , a filter 103 , a field stop 104 and a second front lens 105 . Wherein the first aperture stop 101 is located on the first surface of the front lens 1, the first front lens 102 is a biconvex positive lens, the second front lens 105 is a meniscus positive lens, and the material is germanium, and the optical filter The central wavelength of 103 is 8781.5 nm, the bandwidth FWHM of the filter 103 is 127 nm, and the field stop 104 is located between the filter 103 and the second front lens 105 .

干涉仪2包括第一光栅201、第一视场展宽棱镜202、分束板203、补偿板204、第二视场展宽棱镜205和第二光栅206。其中分束板203和补偿板204为硒化锌玻璃平板,第一视场展宽棱镜202和第二视场展宽棱镜205为同样的前后表面成一定角度的棱镜,材料为硒化锌,第一光栅201和第二光栅206为同样的刻线密度为150线/mm,闪耀角为41.588°。The interferometer 2 includes a first grating 201 , a first field-of-view widening prism 202 , a beam splitter 203 , a compensation plate 204 , a second field-of-view widening prism 205 and a second grating 206 . Wherein the beam splitter 203 and the compensation plate 204 are zinc selenide glass plates, the first field of view widening prism 202 and the second field of view widening prism 205 are prisms with the same front and rear surfaces at a certain angle, and the material is zinc selenide, the first The grating 201 and the second grating 206 have the same groove density of 150 lines/mm and a blaze angle of 41.588°.

条纹成像镜头3包括第一成像透镜301、第二成像透镜302和第三成像透镜303。其中第一成像透镜301为双凸正透镜,第二成像透镜302为弯月负透镜,第三成像透镜为弯月正透镜,材料均为锗。The stripe imaging lens 3 includes a first imaging lens 301 , a second imaging lens 302 and a third imaging lens 303 . The first imaging lens 301 is a biconvex positive lens, the second imaging lens 302 is a meniscus negative lens, and the third imaging lens is a meniscus positive lens, all of which are germanium.

来自无穷远的平行光线经过前置镜头后,利用滤光片103提取目标谱线的辐射强度信息;经过干涉仪的分光后,两臂光线在干涉仪出口形成Fizeau型干涉条纹;经过条纹成像镜头后,干涉仪出口处的干涉条纹成像在探测器焦平面。通过对干涉条纹进行数据反演,即可得到大气风速和臭氧浓度信息。After the parallel rays from infinity pass through the front lens, the radiation intensity information of the target spectral line is extracted by using the filter 103; Finally, the interference fringes at the exit of the interferometer are imaged on the focal plane of the detector. Atmospheric wind speed and ozone concentration information can be obtained through data inversion of interference fringes.

本实施例长波红外多普勒差分干涉仪的具体结构参数详见下表。The specific structural parameters of the long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer in this embodiment are detailed in the table below.

本实施例长波红外多普勒差分干涉仪的光学系统,F/#为2,半视场角为13.5°,像面大小为9.6mm×7.68mm。The optical system of the long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer in this embodiment has an F/# of 2, a half field angle of 13.5°, and an image plane size of 9.6mm×7.68mm.

参见图2,条纹成像镜头采用完全匹配的方式进行冷屏匹配,第二孔径光阑放置在探测器冷屏处,从而降低系统杂散辐射以提高探测灵敏度。Referring to Figure 2, the fringe imaging lens adopts a complete matching method for cold screen matching, and the second aperture diaphragm is placed at the detector cold screen to reduce system stray radiation and improve detection sensitivity.

参见图3a及图3b,条纹成像镜头在常温常压(20℃,1atm)下的点列图反映了系统在像面上成像弥散斑的大小,轴上和轴外视场RMS半径均满足设计要求;在系统奈奎斯特频率16.7lp/mm处,系统的MTF曲线接近衍射极限,满足像质要求。Referring to Figure 3a and Figure 3b, the spot diagram of the fringe imaging lens at normal temperature and pressure (20°C, 1atm) reflects the size of the diffuse spot imaged by the system on the image plane, and the RMS radii of the on-axis and off-axis fields of view both meet the design requirements. Requirements: At the Nyquist frequency of the system at 16.7lp/mm, the MTF curve of the system is close to the diffraction limit, which meets the image quality requirements.

参见图4a及图4b,条纹成像镜头在低温真空(160K,0atm)下的点列图和MTF曲线表明调焦之后的系统在低温真空环境下成像质量良好。Referring to Fig. 4a and Fig. 4b, the spot diagram and MTF curve of the fringe imaging lens under cryogenic vacuum (160K, 0atm) show that the imaging quality of the system after focusing is good under the cryogenic vacuum environment.

参见图5a及图5b,长波红外多普勒差分干涉仪全系统仿真得到在常温常压和低温真空条件下的干涉条纹。Referring to Fig. 5a and Fig. 5b, the whole system simulation of the long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer obtains the interference fringes under normal temperature and pressure and low temperature vacuum conditions.

参见图6a及图6b,由图4a及图4b的干涉条纹可以计算得到常温常压和低温真空两种条件下的条纹调制度,均在0.99以上。Referring to Fig. 6a and Fig. 6b, from the interference fringes in Fig. 4a and Fig. 4b, the fringe modulation degree under two conditions of normal temperature and pressure and low temperature vacuum can be calculated, both of which are above 0.99.

综上,本实用新型通过对前置镜头、干涉仪、条纹成像镜头的光学设计实现了长波红外多普勒差分干涉仪的光学全系统搭建,仿真得到的在工作条件下的干涉条纹调制度能够满足数据反演的精度要求,为后续的大气风速和臭氧浓度反演提供了计算仿真模型。In summary, the utility model realizes the construction of the entire optical system of the long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer through the optical design of the front lens, interferometer, and fringe imaging lens, and the modulation degree of interference fringes under working conditions obtained by simulation can be It meets the accuracy requirements of data inversion and provides a computational simulation model for the subsequent inversion of atmospheric wind speed and ozone concentration.

以上仅是对本实用新型的优选实施方式进行了描述,并不将本实用新型的技术方案限制于此,本领域技术人员在本实用新型的主要技术构思的基础上所作的任何公知变形都属于本实用新型所要保护的技术范畴。The above is only a description of the preferred implementation of the utility model, and does not limit the technical solution of the utility model thereto. Any known deformation made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the main technical concept of the utility model belongs to this utility model. The technical category to be protected by the utility model.

Claims (10)

1.一种长波红外多普勒差分干涉仪,其特征在于:沿光路依次设置前置镜头(1)、干涉仪(2)、条纹成像镜头(3)和探测器;1. A long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer, characterized in that: a front lens (1), an interferometer (2), a fringe imaging lens (3) and a detector are arranged successively along the optical path; 所述前置镜头(1)沿光路依次同光轴设置第一孔径光阑(101)、第一前置透镜(102)、滤光片(103)、视场光阑(104)和第二前置透镜(105),第一孔径光阑(101)位于前置镜头(1)的第一个表面;The front lens (1) is provided with a first aperture stop (101), a first front lens (102), an optical filter (103), a field stop (104) and a second The front lens (105), the first aperture stop (101) is located on the first surface of the front lens (1); 所述干涉仪(2)包括分束板(203)、补偿板(204)、第一视场展宽棱镜(202)、第二视场展宽棱镜(205)、第一光栅(201)和第二光栅(206);第一视场展宽棱镜(202)与第一光栅(201)形成第一光学单元,第二视场展宽棱镜(205)与第二光栅(206)形成第二光学单元,分束板(203)与补偿板(204)平行放置形成分束单元,第一光学单元与第二光学单元分别位于分束单元的两路出射光路中;The interferometer (2) includes a beam splitter plate (203), a compensation plate (204), a first field of view widening prism (202), a second field of view widening prism (205), a first grating (201) and a second Grating (206); the first field of view widening prism (202) and the first grating (201) form the first optical unit, the second field of view widening prism (205) and the second grating (206) form the second optical unit, respectively The beam plate (203) and the compensation plate (204) are placed in parallel to form a beam splitting unit, and the first optical unit and the second optical unit are respectively located in the two outgoing light paths of the beam splitting unit; 所述条纹成像镜头(3)沿光路依次同光轴设置第一成像透镜(301)、第二成像透镜(302)和第三成像透镜(303);The stripe imaging lens (3) is sequentially arranged with a first imaging lens (301), a second imaging lens (302) and a third imaging lens (303) on the same optical axis along the optical path; 平行光线依次经过前置镜头、干涉仪、条纹成像镜头后,在探测器焦平面形成干涉条纹。After parallel light rays pass through the front lens, interferometer, and fringe imaging lens in sequence, interference fringes are formed on the focal plane of the detector. 2.根据权利要求1所述的长波红外多普勒差分干涉仪,其特征在于:所述第一前置透镜(102)为双凸正透镜,第二前置透镜(105)为凹面向视场光阑(104)的弯月正透镜,滤光片(103)的光焦度为零。2. The long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first front lens (102) is a biconvex positive lens, and the second front lens (105) is a concave surface. The meniscus positive lens of the field stop (104), the focal power of the optical filter (103) is zero. 3.根据权利要求2所述的长波红外多普勒差分干涉仪,其特征在于:第一前置透镜(102)、第二前置透镜(105)及滤光片(103)的材料均为锗;3. long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the material of the first front lens (102), the second front lens (105) and optical filter (103) is germanium; 上述第一孔径光阑(101)和第一前置透镜(102)的间隔为13.5±0.2mm,第一前置透镜(102)和滤光片(103)的间隔为12.7±0.2mm,滤光片(103)和视场光阑(104)的间隔为6±0.2mm,视场光阑(104)和第二前置透镜(105)的间隔为60.8±0.2mm。The interval between the above-mentioned first aperture stop (101) and the first front lens (102) is 13.5±0.2mm, the interval between the first front lens (102) and the optical filter (103) is 12.7±0.2mm, the filter The distance between the light sheet (103) and the field diaphragm (104) is 6±0.2mm, and the distance between the field diaphragm (104) and the second front lens (105) is 60.8±0.2mm. 4.根据权利要求2所述的长波红外多普勒差分干涉仪,其特征在于:所述滤光片的中心波长为8781.5nm,滤光片FWHM为127nm。4. The long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer according to claim 2, characterized in that: the central wavelength of the optical filter is 8781.5nm, and the FWHM of the optical filter is 127nm. 5.根据权利要求2所述的长波红外多普勒差分干涉仪,其特征在于:所述分束板(203)与补偿板(204)为硒化锌玻璃平板;第一视场展宽棱镜(202)和第二视场展宽棱镜(205)结构相同均为前后表面成一定角度的棱镜,材料为硒化锌;第一光栅(201)和第二光栅(206)结构相同,其刻线密度为150线/mm,闪耀角为41.588°。5. long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described beam splitter plate (203) and compensation plate (204) are zinc selenide glass plates; 202) and the second field-of-view widening prism (205) have the same structure and are all prisms with a certain angle on the front and rear surfaces, and the material is zinc selenide; the first grating (201) and the second grating (206) have the same structure, and their groove density It is 150 lines/mm, and the blaze angle is 41.588°. 6.根据权利要求5所述的长波红外多普勒差分干涉仪,其特征在于:所述第一成像透镜(301)为双凸正透镜,第二成像透镜(302)为弯月负透镜,第三成像透镜(303)为弯月正透镜;6. The long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer according to claim 5, characterized in that: the first imaging lens (301) is a biconvex positive lens, and the second imaging lens (302) is a meniscus negative lens, The third imaging lens (303) is a meniscus positive lens; 所述条纹成像镜头还包括第二孔径光阑(304),所述第二孔径光阑(304)置于探测器冷屏(305)处。The fringe imaging lens also includes a second aperture stop (304), and the second aperture stop (304) is placed at the detector cold screen (305). 7.根据权利要求6所述的长波红外多普勒差分干涉仪,其特征在于:第一成像透镜(301)、第二成像透镜(302)及第三成像透镜(303)的材料均为锗;7. The long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer according to claim 6, characterized in that: the materials of the first imaging lens (301), the second imaging lens (302) and the third imaging lens (303) are germanium ; 所述第一成像透镜(301)和第二成像透镜(302)的间隔为33.5±0.03mm,第二成像透镜(302)和第三成像透镜(303)的间隔为41.8±0.03mm,第三成像透镜(303)和探测器窗口的距离为20±0.03mm。The interval between the first imaging lens (301) and the second imaging lens (302) is 33.5±0.03mm, the interval between the second imaging lens (302) and the third imaging lens (303) is 41.8±0.03mm, the third The distance between the imaging lens (303) and the detector window is 20±0.03mm. 8.根据权利要求1所述的长波红外多普勒差分干涉仪,其特征在于:所述前置镜头(1)为开普勒式无焦系统;所述条纹成像镜头(3)F/#为2,放大率β=-0.28。8. The long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the front lens (1) is a Keplerian afocal system; the fringe imaging lens (3) F/# is 2, and the magnification β=-0.28. 9.根据权利要求1所述的长波红外多普勒差分干涉仪,其特征在于:所述前置镜头(1)和分束板(203)的间隔为60±0.2mm;补偿板(204)和条纹成像镜头(3)之间的间隔可调,常温常压时,补偿板(204)和条纹成像镜头(3)的间隔为60±0.2mm。9. The long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the distance between the front lens (1) and the beam splitter plate (203) is 60±0.2mm; the compensation plate (204) The distance between the compensation plate (204) and the stripe imaging lens (3) is adjustable, and at normal temperature and pressure, the distance between the compensation plate (204) and the stripe imaging lens (3) is 60±0.2mm. 10.根据权利要求1所述的长波红外多普勒差分干涉仪,其特征在于:所述探测器为科学级CCD相机,其光谱范围为8~10μm,像元大小为30μm,面阵大小为320×256,工作温度为-40℃~+71℃。10. The long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the detector is a scientific grade CCD camera with a spectral range of 8-10 μm, a pixel size of 30 μm, and an array size of 320×256, working temperature is -40℃~+71℃.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109870426A (en) * 2019-02-28 2019-06-11 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 A Longwave Infrared Doppler Differential Interferometer
CN111735763A (en) * 2020-06-19 2020-10-02 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 A cold optical system for long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109870426A (en) * 2019-02-28 2019-06-11 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 A Longwave Infrared Doppler Differential Interferometer
CN109870426B (en) * 2019-02-28 2024-04-05 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 Long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer
CN111735763A (en) * 2020-06-19 2020-10-02 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 A cold optical system for long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer

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