CN209878593U - Long-wave infrared Doppler difference interferometer - Google Patents
Long-wave infrared Doppler difference interferometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN209878593U CN209878593U CN201920259158.9U CN201920259158U CN209878593U CN 209878593 U CN209878593 U CN 209878593U CN 201920259158 U CN201920259158 U CN 201920259158U CN 209878593 U CN209878593 U CN 209878593U
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- PFNQVRZLDWYSCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N (fluoren-9-ylideneamino) n-naphthalen-1-ylcarbamate Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2C1=NOC(=O)NC1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 PFNQVRZLDWYSCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000005437 stratosphere Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004501 airglow Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to meticulous spectral detection field, concretely relates to infrared doppler difference interferometer of long wave. The long-wave infrared Doppler difference interferometer is sequentially provided with a front lens, an interferometer, a fringe imaging lens and a detector along a light path; the front lens is sequentially provided with a first aperture diaphragm, a first front lens, an optical filter, a field diaphragm and a second front lens along a light path along the same optical axis, and the first aperture diaphragm is positioned on a first surface of the front lens; the fringe imaging lens is sequentially provided with a first imaging lens, a second imaging lens and a third imaging lens along the optical path along the same optical axis; after the parallel light rays sequentially pass through the front lens, the interferometer and the fringe imaging lens, interference fringes are formed on a focal plane of the detector. The long-wave infrared Doppler difference interferometer can be used for detecting an atmospheric wind field and ozone concentration of 24-60 km stratosphere.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to meticulous spectral detection field, concretely relates to optical system of infrared doppler difference interferometer of long wave.
Background
The traditional atmospheric wind field detection technology mainly comprises a Fabry-Perot interference wind field detection technology and a wide-angle Michelson interferometer wind field detection technology, wherein the Fabry-Perot interference wind field detection technology has the characteristics of high resolution and high sensitivity, but the requirements on processing, assembly and adjustment precision are very high; the latter requires an optical path difference scanning device and can only detect one spectral line at a time. The Doppler differential interference technology is a novel fine spectrum detection technology and has the advantages of high spectral resolution, high flux, high stability and the like. A target source of a traditional atmospheric wind field detection method is a high-rise atmospheric airglow located in a visible light wave band of 80-300 km, and an infrared thermal radiation source with weaker strength is required to be selected as a target source of wind field detection in a 24-60 km stratosphere, so that Doppler differential interference technology is adopted for detection.
Researches show that the ozone spectral line has high spectral line intensity near a long-wave infrared band of 8.8 mu m and good separability, and can be used as a target spectral line. According to the Doppler effect, the central frequency of a spectral line obtained by an interferometer is shifted by an atmospheric wind field, and the shift amount has a quantitative relation with the movement speed of the atmosphere. Therefore, the movement speed of the atmosphere in the stratosphere can be calculated through the Doppler frequency shift quantity inversion of the ozone spectral line. Meanwhile, the ozone concentration of the atmosphere in the height layer can also be obtained through data inversion.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides an optical system of long wave infrared Doppler difference interferometer to realize the detection of 24 ~ 60km stratosphere atmosphere wind field and ozone concentration.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a long wave infrared Doppler difference interferometer, its special character lies in: a front lens, an interferometer, a fringe imaging lens and a detector are sequentially arranged along a light path;
the front lens is sequentially provided with a first aperture diaphragm, a first front lens, an optical filter, a field diaphragm and a second front lens along a light path along the same optical axis, the first aperture diaphragm is positioned on a first surface of the front lens, and the field diaphragm is positioned between the optical filter and the second front lens;
the interferometer comprises a beam splitting plate, a compensation plate, a first field widening prism, a second field widening prism, a first grating and a second grating; the first field broadening prism and the first grating form a first optical unit, the second field broadening prism and the second grating form a second optical unit, the beam splitting plate and the compensating plate are placed in parallel to form a beam splitting unit, and the first optical unit and the second optical unit are respectively positioned in two paths of emergent light paths of the beam splitting unit;
the fringe imaging lens is sequentially provided with a first imaging lens, a second imaging lens and a third imaging lens along the optical path along the same optical axis;
after the parallel light rays pass through the front lens, extracting the radiation intensity information of a target spectral line by using an optical filter; after light splitting by the interferometer, Fizeau type interference fringes are formed at the outlet of the interferometer by the light rays of the two arms; after passing through the fringe imaging lens, the interference fringes at the outlet of the interferometer are imaged on the focal plane of the detector.
Further, the first front lens is a double convex positive lens, the second front lens is a meniscus positive lens, and the focal power of the optical filter is zero.
Furthermore, the materials of the first front lens, the second front lens and the optical filter are all germanium;
the interval between the first aperture diaphragm and the first front lens is 13.5 +/-0.2 mm, the interval between the first front lens and the optical filter is 12.7 +/-0.2 mm, the interval between the optical filter and the field diaphragm is 6 +/-0.2 mm, and the interval between the field diaphragm and the second front lens is 60.8 +/-0.2 mm.
Further, the center wavelength of the filter was 8781.5nm, and the filter FWHM was 127 nm.
Furthermore, in the interferometer, the beam splitter plate and the compensation plate are zinc selenide glass flat plates, the first field broadening prism and the second field broadening prism are prisms with the same front and back surfaces forming a certain angle, the material is zinc selenide, the first grating and the second grating are the same reticle density of 150 lines/mm, and the blaze angle is 41.588 degrees.
Furthermore, in the fringe imaging lens, the first imaging lens is a biconvex positive lens, the second imaging lens is a meniscus negative lens, and the third imaging lens is a meniscus positive lens; the fringe imaging lens further comprises a second aperture diaphragm, and the second aperture diaphragm is arranged at the cold screen of the detector.
Furthermore, the materials of the first imaging lens, the second imaging lens and the third imaging lens are all germanium;
the distance between the first imaging lens and the second imaging lens is 33.5 +/-0.03 mm, the distance between the second imaging lens and the third imaging lens is 41.8 +/-0.03 mm, and the distance between the third imaging lens and the detector window is 20 +/-0.03 mm.
Furthermore, the front lens is a Kepler type afocal system, so that the whole grating is ensured to be illuminated; the fringe imaging lens F/# is 2, and the magnification β is-0.28.
Furthermore, the distance between the front lens and the beam splitting plate is 60 +/-0.2 mm, the distance between the compensation plate and the stripe imaging lens is adjustable, and the distance between the compensation plate and the stripe imaging lens is 60 +/-0.2 mm at normal temperature and normal pressure.
Furthermore, the detector is a scientific-grade CCD camera, the spectral range of the detector is 8-10 mu m, the pixel size is 30 mu m, the area array size is 320 multiplied by 256, and the working temperature is-40 ℃ to +71 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
1. the utility model discloses an application of split type Doppler difference interferometer at long wave infrared band, through the design to leading camera lens, interferometer and fringe imaging lens, the emulation interference fringe that the interferometer system obtained in operating band has higher modulation degree, can satisfy the required precision of 24 ~ 60km atmospheric wind speed inversion and ozone concentration inversion.
2. The utility model discloses a mode that matches completely carries out cold screen matching to refrigeration type detector, is about to stripe image forming lens's aperture diaphragm and arranges detector cold screen department in to guarantee that image forming lens object space is telecentric, thereby effectively improve the relative illuminance of image plane department, make the illuminance on image plane keep even.
3. The utility model discloses utilize the active thermal compensation mode of machinery to carry out no thermalization design to stripe imaging lens, guarantee normal atmospheric temperature ordinary pressure (20 ℃, 1atm) and low temperature vacuum (160K, 0atm) imaging quality under two kinds of environment for the distance of detector window through the adjustment camera lens, make the interferometer system can assemble under normal atmospheric temperature ordinary pressure, work under low temperature vacuum environment to reduce the influence that ray apparatus structure self heat radiation caused to detectivity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical path structure of a long-wave infrared Doppler difference interferometer in an embodiment;
the reference numbers in the figures are: 1-front lens; 101-a first aperture diaphragm, 102-a first front lens, 103-a filter, 104-a field diaphragm, 105-a second front lens;
2-an interferometer; 201-a first grating, 202-a first field widening prism, 203-a beam splitting plate, 204-a compensation plate, 205-a second field widening prism, 206-a second grating;
3-a fringe imaging lens; 301-first imaging lens, 302-second imaging lens, 303-third imaging lens.
FIG. 2 is an optical block diagram of a fringe imaging lens;
the reference numbers in the figures are: 304-second aperture stop, 305-cold shield;
FIG. 3a is a dot array diagram of a stripe imaging lens under normal temperature and pressure (20 ℃, 1 atm);
FIG. 3b is the MTF curve of the fringe imaging lens under normal temperature and pressure (20 deg.C, 1 atm);
FIG. 4a is a dot-column diagram of the system after focusing under low temperature vacuum (0 deg.C, 0atm) with a fringe imaging lens;
FIG. 4b is the MTF curve of the system after the fringe imaging lens is focused under low temperature vacuum (0 deg.C, 0 atm);
FIG. 5a is an interferogram under normal temperature and pressure (20 deg.C, 1atm) simulated by a long-wave infrared Doppler difference interferometer optical system;
FIG. 5b is an interferogram under low temperature vacuum (0 deg.C, 0atm) conditions simulated by a long-wave infrared Doppler difference interferometer optical system;
FIG. 6a is a calculation of the interference fringe modulation degree obtained by the interferometer under normal temperature and pressure (20 deg.C, 1 atm);
FIG. 6b is a calculation of the interference fringe modulation obtained by the interferometer under low temperature vacuum (0 deg.C., 0 atm).
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The embodiment provides an optical system of a long-wave infrared Doppler difference interferometer, which comprises a front lens 1, an interferometer 2, a fringe imaging lens 3 and a detector (not shown). The detector can adopt a scientific grade CCD camera, the spectral range of the detector is 8-10 mu m, the pixel size is 30 mu m, the area array size is 320 multiplied by 256, and the working temperature is-40 ℃ to +71 ℃.
Referring to fig. 1, the front lens 1 in the present embodiment includes a first aperture stop 101, a first front lens 102, a filter 103, a field stop 104, and a second front lens 105. The first aperture stop 101 is located on a first surface of the front lens 1, the first front lens 102 is a biconvex positive lens, the second front lens 105 is a meniscus positive lens, the materials are germanium, the central wavelength of the optical filter 103 is 8781.5nm, the bandwidth FWHM of the optical filter 103 is 127nm, and the field stop 104 is located between the optical filter 103 and the second front lens 105.
The interferometer 2 includes a first grating 201, a first field widening prism 202, a beam splitting plate 203, a compensation plate 204, a second field widening prism 205, and a second grating 206. The beam splitting plate 203 and the compensation plate 204 are zinc selenide glass flat plates, the first field broadening prism 202 and the second field broadening prism 205 are prisms with the same front and back surfaces forming a certain angle, the material is zinc selenide, the first grating 201 and the second grating 206 are the same with the groove density of 150 lines/mm, and the blaze angle is 41.588 degrees.
The streak imaging lens 3 includes a first imaging lens 301, a second imaging lens 302, and a third imaging lens 303. The first imaging lens 301 is a biconvex positive lens, the second imaging lens 302 is a negative meniscus lens, and the third imaging lens is a positive meniscus lens, which are made of germanium.
After parallel light rays from infinity pass through a front lens, extracting radiation intensity information of a target spectral line by using an optical filter 103; after light splitting by the interferometer, Fizeau type interference fringes are formed at the outlet of the interferometer by the light rays of the two arms; after passing through the fringe imaging lens, the interference fringes at the outlet of the interferometer are imaged on the focal plane of the detector. And obtaining the atmospheric wind speed and ozone concentration information by performing data inversion on the interference fringes.
The specific structural parameters of the long-wave infrared Doppler difference interferometer of the embodiment are detailed in the following table.
In the optical system of the long-wave infrared Doppler difference interferometer, the F/# is 2, the half field angle is 13.5 degrees, and the image plane size is 9.6mm multiplied by 7.68 mm.
Referring to fig. 2, the fringe imaging lens adopts a complete matching mode to perform cold shield matching, and the second aperture diaphragm is placed at the cold shield of the detector, so that the stray radiation of the system is reduced to improve the detection sensitivity.
Referring to fig. 3a and fig. 3b, the dot-sequence diagram of the fringe imaging lens under normal temperature and pressure (20 ℃, 1atm) reflects the size of the diffuse speckle imaged by the system on the image plane, and the RMS radii of the on-axis and off-axis fields both meet the design requirements; at the system Nyquist frequency of 16.7lp/mm, the MTF curve of the system is close to the diffraction limit, and the requirement of image quality is met.
Referring to fig. 4a and 4b, the dot plot and MTF curve of the fringe imaging lens under low-temperature vacuum (160K, 0atm) show that the system after focusing has good imaging quality under low-temperature vacuum environment.
Referring to fig. 5a and 5b, the interference fringes under normal temperature, normal pressure and low temperature vacuum conditions are obtained by full-system simulation of the long-wave infrared doppler difference interferometer.
Referring to fig. 6a and 6b, the fringe modulation degree under both normal temperature and normal pressure and low temperature vacuum conditions, which can be calculated from the interference fringes of fig. 4a and 4b, is 0.99 or more.
To sum up, the utility model discloses an optical design to leading camera lens, interferometer, fringe imaging lens has realized that long wave infrared Doppler difference interferometer's optics entire system is built, and the interference fringe modulation degree under operating condition that the emulation obtained can satisfy the required precision of data inversion, provides calculation simulation model for subsequent atmospheric wind speed and ozone concentration inversion.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any known modifications made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the main technical idea of the present invention belong to the technical scope to be protected by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer is characterized in that: a front lens (1), an interferometer (2), a fringe imaging lens (3) and a detector are arranged along a light path in sequence;
the front lens (1) is sequentially provided with a first aperture diaphragm (101), a first front lens (102), an optical filter (103), a field diaphragm (104) and a second front lens (105) along a light path along the same optical axis, and the first aperture diaphragm (101) is positioned on a first surface of the front lens (1);
the interferometer (2) comprises a beam splitting plate (203), a compensation plate (204), a first field widening prism (202), a second field widening prism (205), a first grating (201) and a second grating (206); the first field widening prism (202) and the first grating (201) form a first optical unit, the second field widening prism (205) and the second grating (206) form a second optical unit, the beam splitting plate (203) and the compensating plate (204) are placed in parallel to form a beam splitting unit, and the first optical unit and the second optical unit are respectively positioned in two outgoing light paths of the beam splitting unit;
the fringe imaging lens (3) is sequentially provided with a first imaging lens (301), a second imaging lens (302) and a third imaging lens (303) along an optical path along the same optical axis;
after the parallel light rays sequentially pass through the front lens, the interferometer and the fringe imaging lens, interference fringes are formed on a focal plane of the detector.
2. The long-wave infrared doppler difference interferometer of claim 1, wherein: the first front lens (102) is a double convex positive lens, the second front lens (105) is a meniscus positive lens with a concave surface facing the field stop (104), and the focal power of the optical filter (103) is zero.
3. The long-wave infrared doppler difference interferometer of claim 2, wherein: the materials of the first front lens (102), the second front lens (105) and the optical filter (103) are all germanium;
the distance between the first aperture diaphragm (101) and the first front lens (102) is 13.5 +/-0.2 mm, the distance between the first front lens (102) and the optical filter (103) is 12.7 +/-0.2 mm, the distance between the optical filter (103) and the field diaphragm (104) is 6 +/-0.2 mm, and the distance between the field diaphragm (104) and the second front lens (105) is 60.8 +/-0.2 mm.
4. The long-wave infrared doppler difference interferometer of claim 2, wherein: the central wavelength of the filter is 8781.5nm, and the FWHM of the filter is 127 nm.
5. The long-wave infrared doppler difference interferometer of claim 2, wherein: the beam splitting plate (203) and the compensating plate (204) are zinc selenide glass flat plates; the first field widening prism (202) and the second field widening prism (205) are both prisms with the same structure and the front and rear surfaces forming a certain angle, and the material is zinc selenide; the first grating (201) and the second grating (206) are identical in structure, the groove density is 150 lines/mm, and the blaze angle is 41.588 degrees.
6. The long-wave infrared doppler difference interferometer of claim 5, wherein: the first imaging lens (301) is a biconvex positive lens, the second imaging lens (302) is a meniscus negative lens, and the third imaging lens (303) is a meniscus positive lens;
the fringe imaging lens further comprises a second aperture diaphragm (304), and the second aperture diaphragm (304) is arranged at the cold screen (305) of the detector.
7. The long-wave infrared doppler difference interferometer of claim 6, wherein: the materials of the first imaging lens (301), the second imaging lens (302) and the third imaging lens (303) are all germanium;
the interval between the first imaging lens (301) and the second imaging lens (302) is 33.5 +/-0.03 mm, the interval between the second imaging lens (302) and the third imaging lens (303) is 41.8 +/-0.03 mm, and the distance between the third imaging lens (303) and the detector window is 20 +/-0.03 mm.
8. The long-wave infrared doppler difference interferometer of claim 1, wherein: the front lens (1) is a Kepler type afocal system; the fringe imaging lens (3) has an F/# of 2 and a magnification beta of-0.28.
9. The long-wave infrared doppler difference interferometer of claim 1, wherein: the interval between the front lens (1) and the beam splitting plate (203) is 60 +/-0.2 mm; the space between the compensation plate (204) and the stripe imaging lens (3) is adjustable, and the space between the compensation plate (204) and the stripe imaging lens (3) is 60 +/-0.2 mm at normal temperature and normal pressure.
10. The long-wave infrared doppler difference interferometer of claim 1, wherein: the detector is a scientific-grade CCD camera, the spectral range of the detector is 8-10 mu m, the pixel size is 30 mu m, the area array size is 320 multiplied by 256, and the working temperature is-40 ℃ to +71 ℃.
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| CN201920259158.9U CN209878593U (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2019-02-28 | Long-wave infrared Doppler difference interferometer |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109870426A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-06-11 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | A kind of LONG WAVE INFRARED Doppler differential interferometer |
| CN111735763A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-10-02 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Cold optical system of long-wave infrared Doppler difference interferometer |
-
2019
- 2019-02-28 CN CN201920259158.9U patent/CN209878593U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109870426A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-06-11 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | A kind of LONG WAVE INFRARED Doppler differential interferometer |
| CN109870426B (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2024-04-05 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Long-wave infrared Doppler differential interferometer |
| CN111735763A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-10-02 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Cold optical system of long-wave infrared Doppler difference interferometer |
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