CN209850262U

CN209850262U - Simple manufacturing structure of spline

Info

Publication number: CN209850262U
Application number: CN201920161598.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王申莹; 胡志超; 彭宝良; 吴峰; 陈有庆
Original assignee: Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
Current assignee: Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
Priority date: 2019-01-30
Filing date: 2019-01-30
Publication date: 2019-12-27
Anticipated expiration: 2029-01-30

Abstract

The utility model relates to a simple and easy preparation structure of spline, its characterized in that: the splines comprise external splines and internal splines sleeved outside; the external spline is formed by axially arranging a plurality of spline pieces with the same section and parameters of inner diameter, outer diameter, tooth number and tooth width, penetrating at the central part by at least two pin bars and welding and fixing the two axial ends; the internal spline is formed by axially arranging a plurality of spline ring pieces with the same cross section, matching the size and the shape of an inner ring of each spline ring piece with the external spline, and welding and fixing two adjacent rings on the outer surface with different diameters. The utility model discloses a spline structure processing does not need special, dedicated processing equipment. By conventional cutting and welding equipment such as laser cutting, wire-electrode cutting, this technical scheme processing inside and outside spline use tools, method are simple, and is fast, reaches the utility model discloses the purpose.

Description

Simple manufacturing structure of spline

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a spline structure of quick simple and easy manufacturing approach of spline, concretely relates to spline structure who adopts cutting such as conventional laser and welding process to make.

Background

The spline coupling consists of an internal spline and an external spline. The inner spline and the outer spline are both multi-tooth parts, the spline on the inner cylindrical surface is an inner spline, and the spline on the outer cylindrical surface is an outer spline. Obviously, a spline coupling is a development in the number of flat key couplings. Flat key couplings are commonly used for coupling gears or couplings with shafts having an interference fit. Usually spline couplings are interference free and therefore the parts to be coupled need to be axially fixed. The spline is fast, easy and excellent, has high receiving and recording spline connection bearing capacity and good centering performance, but has higher manufacturing cost and needs special equipment and special tools for processing.

The rectangular spline housing is generally manufactured by a broaching machine in batch production, and can be inserted by an inserting machine in single piece production. There are many methods for processing rectangular spline shafts. Mainly adopts cutting processing methods such as hobbing, milling, grinding and the like, and also can adopt plastic deformation processing methods such as cold beating, cold rolling and the like.

1. Rolling cutting method: the spline hob is processed on a spline shaft milling machine or a gear hobbing machine according to a generating method, and the method is high in productivity and precision and suitable for batch production.

2. Milling: directly milling the outline of each tooth by using a special forming milling cutter on a universal milling machine, and milling the outline of each tooth by using a dividing head in a tooth dividing and tooth-by-tooth manner; if the milling cutter is not required to be formed, two disc milling cutters can be used for milling two sides of one tooth at the same time, and the bottom diameter is slightly trimmed by one disc milling cutter after the teeth are milled one by one. The milling method has low productivity and precision and is mainly used for processing spline shafts with the outer diameter centered and rough machining before hardening in single piece small batch production.

3. Grinding method: the profile grinding wheel is used for grinding the tooth sides and the bottom diameter of the spline on the spline grinding machine, and the profile grinding wheel is suitable for processing hardened spline shafts or spline shafts with higher precision requirements, particularly spline shafts centered by the inner diameter.

The machining of splines, however done, requires specialized equipment and tools. And general machining production enterprises only have a common lathe and do not have special equipment, the spline is machined by external cooperation production, the production cost is increased, the production time is not easy to control, and the production progress is delayed. In particular, in the case of small and medium-sized machine manufacturing enterprises, products with not particularly high spline machining precision, and new product trial production, only a single piece or a small number of splines, such as splines on agricultural machinery, are needed, and machining is very difficult.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a quick, simple, process a simple and easy preparation structure of spline of preparation spline by ordinary conventional processing equipment and means.

The purpose of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a simple and easy preparation structure of spline which characterized in that:

the splines comprise external splines and internal splines sleeved outside;

the external spline is formed by axially arranging a plurality of spline pieces with the same section and parameters of inner diameter, outer diameter, tooth number and tooth width, penetrating at the central part by at least two pin bars and welding and fixing the two axial ends;

the internal spline is formed by axially arranging a plurality of spline ring pieces with the same cross section, matching the size and the shape of an inner ring of each spline ring piece with the external spline, and welding and fixing two adjacent rings on the outer surface with different diameters.

By adopting the technical scheme, a plurality of spline sheets and spline ring sheets are cut on a selected steel plate according to the requirements of a drawing by cutting equipment such as laser cutting and the like, and the spline sheets and the spline ring sheets are axially and closely overlapped together to reach the axial length required by design.

The central part of the external spline is penetrated by at least two pin bars, so that the spline pieces with a large number can not rotate and move around the pin bars in any direction, and then the two axial ends of the pin bars and the spline pieces at the two ends are welded and fixed to form the external spline.

The internal spline is formed by axially and closely arranging a plurality of spline ring sheets with the same cross section, and the diameters of two adjacent rings on the outer surface are different, so that the mutually welded position and space are provided, and the internal spline is fixed after welding.

The diameters of two adjacent rings of the multiple spline ring plates with the internal splines can be the same, but the welding is difficult, and the welding positions provided by different diameters are not good, so that the welding is firm. Of course, chamfers can be also poured on two sides of the spline ring pieces with the same diameter, welding positions are made after the spline ring pieces are overlapped, and a convenient and firm inner spline product can also be provided. Of course, compared with the three, the spline ring sheets with different diameters are taken, so that the spline ring sheets are convenient and labor-saving to process, and the subsequent welding operation is convenient.

Further, one end or two ends of the external spline are fixedly connected with a solid shaft, the pin strip penetrates through the solid shaft, and the two ends are welded and fixed;

one end or two ends of the internal spline are fixedly connected with the hollow shaft sleeve in a welding mode.

Furthermore, the pin strips are cylindrical, and the number of the pin strips is 2-8.

Further, the spline ring pieces are divided into two groups with different odd and even diameters.

Further, the spline piece and the spline ring piece are formed by cutting a selected steel plate in a laser cutting mode, a linear cutting mode or a plasma cutting mode.

Furthermore, the internal spline is formed by pre-manufacturing an external spline, configuring spline ring pieces piece by piece and welding the spline ring pieces piece by piece.

Still further, the outer diameters of the adjacent spline ring segments differ by 3 to 6 millimeters.

The technical scheme has the advantages that: the utility model discloses a spline structure processing no longer needs special, dedicated processing equipment. A plurality of spline sheets and spline ring sheets are cut on a selected steel plate according to the requirements of a drawing by conventional cutting equipment such as laser cutting, linear cutting and the like, the spline sheets and the spline ring sheets are axially and closely overlapped together to the axial length required by the design, and the processing mode is very common and easy to realize.

After the spline is folded, at least two pin bars penetrate through the central part of the external spline, so that a plurality of spline pieces cannot rotate and move around the pin bars in any direction, and the two ends of the spline pieces are firmly welded, so that spline machining can be completed. Of course, the two ends of the pin strip can be welded, one end of the pin strip can be processed into a stop buckle with a bent or enlarged end, and only one end of the pin strip can be welded.

The inner spline can be welded after the outer spline is manufactured and the ring plate of the other spline is overlapped, and the operation and the manufacture are emphasized.

This technical scheme processing internal and external splines use tool, method are simple, and is fast, reaches the utility model discloses the purpose.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the spline of the present invention, without showing the pin strips;

FIG. 2 is a front view of one of the spline segments of FIG. 1, as viewed axially;

fig. 3 is an embodiment of the simple manufacturing structure of the spline of the present invention, showing a spline ring of the internal spline, with the axis being a vertical external view;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a top view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a front view showing a simple structure for making splines, according to the present invention, wherein the axis of the internal spline is vertical

FIG. 8 is a top view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an isometric, or perspective, view of FIG. 6;

FIG. 10 is an isometric view of a continuous two-piece splined ring plate.

Detailed Description

The structure of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

the splines comprise external splines and internal splines sleeved outside;

One end or two ends of the external spline are fixedly connected with a solid shaft, the pin strip penetrates through the solid shaft, and the two ends of the pin strip are welded and fixed; one end or two ends of the internal spline are fixedly connected with the hollow shaft sleeve in a welding mode. According to the requirements of use, the solid shaft or the hollow shaft is connected, lengthened and fixed

The pin strips are cylindrical and 2-8 in number. The number of the pins is large, so that the stability of each spline piece is facilitated, the spline pieces are not easy to deviate, and the manufacturing difficulty is certainly brought. Generally, 3 or 4 is sufficient, and it depends mainly on the thickness of the shaft diameter and the torque of the drive.

The spline ring pieces are divided into two groups with different odd and even diameters. As mentioned above, the spline ring sheet is convenient to process and manufacture.

The spline sheet and the spline ring sheet are formed by cutting a selected steel plate in a laser cutting mode, a linear cutting mode or a plasma cutting mode. Are all conventional equipment for processing steel plates into various shapes.

The internal spline is formed by pre-manufacturing an external spline, then configuring spline ring pieces piece by piece and welding the spline ring pieces piece by piece. The processing and manufacturing of the external spline are facilitated.

The outer diameters of the adjacent spline ring pieces differ by 3 to 6 millimeters, and these dimensions and spaces are sufficient for welding.

An example of machining a spline is provided below:

step 1: determining the specification of the external spline according to the requirement: the number of teeth, inner diameter, outer diameter and tooth width;

step 2: drawing a laser blanking graph of the external spline, determining the number of the round pin holes to be 3-8 according to the inner diameter, and uniformly distributing 4 round pin holes on one diameter to ensure that the center of the external spline shaft has stronger rigidity and strength;

step 3: drawing a laser blanking drawing of the internal spline, designing the outer diameter of a spline ring sheet of the internal spline according to the outer diameter of the spline, and designing two groups of spline ring sheets with odd and even diameters, wherein the difference between the outer diameters of the two groups of spline ring sheets is 6-10 mm, so that the subsequent welding is facilitated;

step 4: selecting a steel plate with proper thickness according to the effective spline lengths of the outer spline shaft and the inner spline shaft and the thickness of the steel plate which can be cut by the laser blanking machine, calculating the number of the inner spline pieces and the outer spline pieces, and carrying out laser blanking;

step 5: processing an external spline shaft and an internal spline sleeve shaft by using a machine tool, wherein the length of round steel of the processed pin bar is 6-10 mm shorter than the total length of the external spline, and the two ends of the processed round steel are respectively 3-5 mm shorter after being assembled;

step 6: the external spline is firstly processed. Inserting round steel into the external spline shaft, and welding one end of the round steel to one end part of the external spline shaft, wherein the welding seam is 3-5 mm; the outer spline pieces are positioned and stacked together through round steel, one end of the outermost outer spline piece is welded with the round steel, and the welding seam is 3-5 mm;

step 7: and (6) processing the internal spline. Two groups of spline ring sheets with odd and even diameters are sleeved and positioned on the processed external spline shaft at intervals, so that the external circular surface of the external spline forms a continuous concave-convex shape, welding is carried out on the concave-convex edge, and the welding seam is 3-5 mm;

step 8: in the welding process, the temperature of the welding part is reduced to reduce the deformation of the spline, and the manufacturing of the inner spline and the outer spline is finished.

Use for reference the utility model discloses, equally applicable in the manufacturing of sprocket and straight-teeth gear that the required precision is not high.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and based on the above technical solutions, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and transformations to some technical features without creative labor according to the disclosed technical contents, and these substitutions and transformations are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a simple and easy preparation structure of spline which characterized in that:

the splines comprise external splines and internal splines sleeved outside;

2. The easy-to-manufacture structure of a spline according to claim 1, characterized in that:

one end or two ends of the external spline are fixedly connected with a solid shaft, the pin strip penetrates through the solid shaft, and the two ends of the pin strip are welded and fixed;

3. The spline of claim 1, wherein the plurality of splines are cylindrical and the number of splines is 2 to 8.

4. The spline of claim 1, wherein the spline ring segments are divided into two groups of odd and even diameters.

5. The spline easy-to-manufacture structure of claim 1, wherein the spline piece and the spline ring piece are formed by cutting a selected steel plate by means including laser cutting, wire cutting or plasma cutting.

6. The simple manufacturing structure of the spline according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the internal spline is formed by welding an external spline which is manufactured in advance, and then spline ring pieces are configured piece by piece.

7. The easy-to-manufacture structure of the spline according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the difference between the outer diameters of the adjacent spline ring pieces is 3 to 6 mm.