CN209836216U - Top combustion hot blast stove with central uniform distribution type burner - Google Patents
Top combustion hot blast stove with central uniform distribution type burner Download PDFInfo
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- CN209836216U CN209836216U CN201920305336.7U CN201920305336U CN209836216U CN 209836216 U CN209836216 U CN 209836216U CN 201920305336 U CN201920305336 U CN 201920305336U CN 209836216 U CN209836216 U CN 209836216U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a top combustion type hot blast stove with a central uniform distribution type burner, which comprises a burner at the top, a combustion chamber at the middle part and a regenerator at the lower part; the combustor is provided with two gas inlet units and a combustion air inlet unit, primary gas is sprayed into the inner cavity of the combustor through a gas vertical nozzle with central uniform distribution, and secondary gas and air are respectively sprayed into the inner cavity of the combustor through a side wall horizontal nozzle at a certain included angle; the mixing and combustion stability of the air flow in the hot blast stove can be enhanced by reasonably arranging the primary and secondary coal gas and air nozzles. The utility model discloses take the spout design of center equipartition, solved the inhomogeneous problem of combustion reaction distribution on the cross section in the current rotary-cut top combustion formula hot-blast furnace, realized the velocity field and the temperature field evenly distributed of air current, improved hot-blast furnace heat exchange efficiency, reduced thermal type nitrogen oxide and discharged, increase of service life.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of blast furnace hot blast stoves in metallurgical industry, in particular to a top combustion type hot blast stove with a central uniform distribution type burner.
Background
The hot blast stove is an important facility in the blast furnace ironmaking process and mainly plays a role of continuously providing hot blast to the blast furnace. The hot blast stove mainly comprises three types of internal combustion type, external combustion type and top combustion type (including a ball type). The top combustion hot blast stove has the characteristics of stable structure, high air temperature, long service life and investment saving, is widely applied to new construction and reconstruction projects of the hot blast stove, and particularly applied to a 5000m 3-grade large blast furnace, and achieves good effect.
At present, the top combustion type hot blast stove for blast furnace ironmaking in China generally exists: the problems of uneven distribution of air flow in the furnace, local high temperature in the combustion chamber, uneven heating of checker bricks and the like seriously restrict the operation efficiency and the structural stability of the hot blast stove. An included angle is formed between an air and gas nozzle of a traditional top combustion type hot blast stove and the radial direction of a combustor, the air and gas nozzle is sprayed out from the side wall of the combustor and mixed in the combustor, and combustion is finished in a combustion chamber; numerical simulation analysis shows that after the coal gas and the air are mixed in the burner in a rotating mode, high-speed rotating airflow is formed at the edge of the furnace wall, the space of the airflow entering the combustion chamber from the burner is suddenly enlarged, and a large backflow combustion area is formed in the central area of the combustion chamber. Due to the distribution nonuniformity of the velocity field and the temperature field, the flue gas after combustion can cause the checker bricks of the regenerator to be heated unevenly after entering the regenerator, and the checker bricks which are locally overheated for a long time have high-temperature creep deformation, thereby affecting the structural stability of the hot blast stove and the through hole rate of the checker bricks. The structure of the hot blast stove is damaged, the air temperature is reduced and the energy consumption is increased.
Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and to enable a top-fired stove to reach the life of two generations of blast furnace campaign, the structure of the conventional top-fired stove, in particular the burner structure, must be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The main object of the present invention is to provide a top-burning hot-blast stove with a central uniform-distribution burner, which solves the problem of non-uniform distribution of flue gas in the cross section of the top-burning hot-blast stove, so as to realize the uniform distribution of velocity field and temperature field of the air flow, improve the heat exchange efficiency of the hot-blast stove, and prolong the service life.
The utility model adopts the technical proposal that the top combustion hot blast stove with the central uniform distribution type burner comprises a burner at the top, a combustion chamber at the middle part and a regenerative chamber at the lower part; the burner is positioned right above the hot blast stove and used for fully mixing and pre-burning the gas and the air, and comprises a burner inner cavity for gas mixing and pre-burning, a gas inlet main pipeline and each gas inlet unit; the sectional area of the inner cavity of the outlet of the combustor of the combustion chamber is gradually increased, and the primary and secondary coal gas and air are uniformly mixed in the inner cavity of the combustor and then enter the combustion chamber for sufficient combustion; the heat accumulator in the heat accumulation chamber fully exchanges heat with the burnt smoke and reduces the temperature of the smoke to 300-400 ℃ and then the smoke is discharged.
Each gas inlet unit is sequentially provided with a primary gas inlet unit, a secondary gas inlet unit and an air inlet unit from top to bottom, the primary gas inlet unit comprises a primary gas flow regulating valve, a primary gas inlet pipeline, a gas top cavity and a gas vertical nozzle, the secondary gas inlet unit comprises a secondary gas flow regulating valve, a secondary gas inlet pipeline, a gas annular cavity and a gas horizontal nozzle, and the air inlet unit comprises an air inlet pipeline, an air annular cavity and an air horizontal nozzle.
The gas nozzles comprise gas vertical nozzles and gas horizontal nozzles, the gas vertical nozzles are positioned at the top of the inner cavity of the burner and communicated with the gas top cavity, the gas vertical nozzles are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the nozzle direction is downward, and the gas top cavity is arranged in the heat insulation wall at the top of the burner in a hemispherical shape; the coal gas horizontal nozzle is positioned in the middle of the side wall of the inner cavity of the combustor and is communicated with a secondary coal gas inlet pipeline through a coal gas annular cavity in the heat insulation wall, and the central line of the coal gas horizontal nozzle forms an included angle of 15-35 degrees with the radial direction of the inner cavity of the combustor. The air horizontal nozzle is positioned at the lower part of the side wall of the inner cavity and is communicated with an air inlet pipeline through an air annular cavity in the heat insulation wall, and the direction included angle of the air horizontal nozzle is equal to that of the coal gas horizontal nozzle; the vortex air flow sprayed out from each horizontal nozzle forms a rotary circle with radius r in the inner cavity of the burner.
The primary coal gas coming from the primary coal gas inlet pipeline is uniformly distributed on each coal gas vertical nozzle through the coal gas top cavity and is sprayed downwards; the gas vertical nozzles are divided into an inner ring gas vertical nozzle and an outer ring gas vertical nozzle, the inner ring gas vertical nozzle and the outer ring gas vertical nozzle are coaxial and coincide with the axis of the inner cavity of the burner, wherein the inner ring gas vertical nozzle is internally tangent to a rotary cutting circle formed by gas and air horizontal nozzles, and the gas flow of the inner ring gas vertical nozzle plays a role in stabilizing central gas flow and reducing central zone backflow; the radius of the outer ring coal gas vertical nozzle ring is between the radius of the inner cavity of the burner and the middle value of the radius of the rotary cutting circle, the included angle alpha between the nozzle direction and the axis is less than or equal to 5 degrees, and the outer ring coal gas vertical nozzle airflow plays a role in mixing the lower layer rotating airflow; the secondary gas and air enter the gas ring cavity from respective inlets and are uniformly sprayed out from each horizontal nozzle, the sprayed gas and air form vortex gas flow and are mixed in a rotating mode, and the rotating mixed gas flow sprayed out horizontally meets the gas flow of the outer ring vertical nozzle to further enhance the mixing effect of the flow field.
The gas inlet main pipeline is connected with the corresponding primary and secondary gas inlet pipelines through a primary and secondary gas flow regulating valves; the gas distribution ratio of the primary gas inlet pipeline and the secondary gas inlet pipeline can be flexibly adjusted according to the real-time temperature and the flow field state of the central reflux area of the combustion chamber under the condition that the total flow of the gas is kept stable. When the system detects that the backflow of the central area of the combustion chamber is too large and the temperature is too high, the opening of the primary coal gas flow regulating valve can be increased, the opening of the secondary coal gas flow regulating valve can be reduced, so that the supply proportion of primary coal gas is improved, and the airflow of the central area is increased to slow down the backflow phenomenon of the central area; otherwise, the supply ratio of the primary gas is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has at least:
1. the distribution uniformity of the flow field is improved. Compare traditional top combustion formula hot-blast furnace, the utility model discloses increased the perpendicular coal gas spout at inner chamber top, coal gas and air homogeneous mixing in the combustor under perpendicular air current's effect, the air current backward flow in the combustion chamber weakens, and flow field homogeneity improves 20% than traditional top combustion formula hot-blast furnace.
2. The distribution uniformity of the temperature field is improved. Air and coal gas homogeneous mixing, the combustion reaction goes on more abundant, more even in the combustion chamber, and the flue gas distributes more evenly on regenerator checker brick cross section, and regenerator checker brick heat accumulation is more abundant, the utilization efficiency is higher, improves hot blast temperature more than 5 ℃, and the elimination of local high temperature can obviously reduce heating power type nitrogen oxide's emission simultaneously.
3. The service life of the hot blast stove is prolonged. The flue gas is evenly distributed on the cross section of the heat accumulator, and a local overheating area does not exist in the heat accumulator, so that the problems of creep deformation, slagging, grid hole blockage and the like of the checker bricks are avoided, the service life of the hot blast furnace is prolonged, and the service requirement of a two-generation blast furnace is ensured.
4. The applicability is strong. The utility model discloses can be applied to newly-built blast furnace hot-blast stove engineering, also can be used for the transformation engineering of traditional hot-blast furnace, can overcome the defect of traditional stove type, adapt to the needs that the blast furnace expands the capacity and reforms transform.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a top-fired stove with a center-distributed burner;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of C-C in fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. a gas top chamber; 2. a coal gas vertical nozzle; 3. a primary gas inlet conduit; 4. a gas horizontal nozzle; 5. a gas ring cavity; 6. a primary gas flow regulating valve; 7. a secondary gas flow regulating valve; 8. a gas inlet main conduit; 9. a secondary gas inlet conduit; 10. an air ring cavity; 11. an air inlet duct; 12. an air horizontal nozzle; 13. a combustion chamber; 14. a hot air outlet; 15. a regenerator; 16. a combustor inner chamber; 17. a burner.
Detailed Description
The utility model discloses a take top combustion formula hot-blast furnace of central equipartition formula combustor solves the not enough, inhomogeneous scheduling problem of flue gas distribution on the interior cross section of stove of current top combustion formula hot-blast furnace gas mixture to realize the velocity field and the temperature field evenly distributed of air current, improve hot-blast furnace heat exchange efficiency, increase of service life's purpose.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The utility model provides a top combustion type hot blast stove with a central uniform distribution type burner, which comprises a burner 17 at the top, a combustion chamber 13 at the middle part and a regenerator 15 at the lower part, as shown in the figure; the burner 17 is positioned right above the hot blast stove and used for fully mixing and pre-burning coal gas and air; the cross section area of the combustion chamber 13 is gradually increased from the throat part of the combustor 17, and the primary and secondary coal gas and air are uniformly mixed in the combustor inner cavity 16 and then enter the combustion chamber 13 for full combustion; the heat accumulator in the heat accumulation chamber 15 exchanges heat with the high-temperature flue gas after combustion fully and discharges the flue gas after the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 300-400 ℃, and the heat exchange between the flue gas and the heat accumulator is more sufficient and efficient due to the uniformly distributed speed field and temperature field.
The combustor 17 comprises a combustor inner cavity 16 for gas mixing and pre-combustion, a gas inlet main pipeline 8 and each gas inlet unit, wherein a primary gas inlet unit, a secondary gas inlet unit and an air inlet unit are sequentially distributed on each gas inlet unit from top to bottom; as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the primary gas inlet unit comprises a primary gas flow regulating valve 6, a primary gas inlet pipeline 3, a gas top cavity 1 and a gas vertical nozzle 2, the secondary gas inlet unit comprises a primary gas flow regulating valve 7, a secondary gas inlet pipeline 9, a gas annular cavity 5 and a gas horizontal nozzle 4, and the air inlet unit comprises an air inlet pipeline 11, an air annular cavity 10 and an air horizontal nozzle 12. Each gas inlet pipeline is communicated with the spouts on the inner wall surface of each gas inlet pipeline through a cavity in the wall surface of the combustor 17, and each cavity is provided with a plurality of spouts with the same aperture.
The coal gas vertical nozzles 2 are positioned at the top of the inner cavity 16 of the burner and communicated with the coal gas top cavity, the coal gas vertical nozzles 2 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the nozzles are downward; the coal gas horizontal nozzle 4 is positioned in the middle of the side wall of the inner cavity 16 of the combustor and is communicated with a secondary coal gas inlet pipeline 9 through a coal gas annular cavity 5, the central line of the coal gas horizontal nozzle 4 and the inner cavity 16 of the combustor form an included angle of 15-35 degrees in the radial direction, and the nozzle forms a rotary tangent circle with the radius r in the inner cavity 16 of the combustor; the air horizontal nozzle 12 is positioned at the lower part of the inner cavity 16 of the burner and is communicated with the air inlet pipeline 11 through the air annular cavity 10, and the arrangement mode of the air horizontal nozzle 12 is the same as that of the secondary gas horizontal nozzle 4; the coal gas and the air which are horizontally sprayed out form vortex airflow and are continuously rotated and mixed.
The primary coal gas coming in from the primary coal gas inlet pipeline 3 is uniformly distributed on each vertical nozzle 2 through the coal gas top cavity 1 and is sprayed downwards; as shown in fig. 2, the primary gas vertical nozzle 2 is divided into an inner ring gas vertical nozzle and an outer ring gas vertical nozzle, the inner ring gas vertical nozzle and the outer ring gas vertical nozzle are coaxial and coincide with the axis of the combustor inner cavity 16, wherein the inner ring vertical nozzle is internally tangent to a rotary tangent circle formed by the gas and air horizontal nozzles 4(12), and the inner ring nozzle gas flow plays a role in stabilizing the central gas flow and reducing the backflow of the central area; the ring radius of the outer ring vertical nozzle is between the radius of the inner cavity 16 of the combustor and the radius of the rotary cutting circle, the direction of the nozzle is vertical or deviates from the axis by an inclination angle within 5 degrees, and the outer ring vertical airflow plays a role in fully mixing the lower layer rotary airflow and shielding the entrainment of the rotary airflow to the inner layer vertical airflow; the secondary gas and air enter the gas ring cavity from respective inlets and are uniformly sprayed out from each horizontal nozzle, the sprayed gas and air form vortex gas flow and are mixed in a rotating mode, and the formed rotating mixed gas flow meets the outer layer vertical nozzle gas flow to further enhance the mixing effect of the flow field.
The gas inlet main pipeline 8 is connected with the corresponding first and second gas inlet pipelines 3 and 9 through a first and second gas flow regulating valves 6 and 7; the gas distribution ratio of the primary and secondary gas inlet pipelines 3 and 9 can be flexibly adjusted according to the real-time temperature and the flow field state of the central reflux area of the combustion chamber 13 under the condition that the total flow of the gas is kept stable. When the system detects that the backflow of the central area of the combustion chamber 13 is too large and the temperature is too high, the opening degree of the primary gas flow regulating valve 6 can be increased, the opening degree of the secondary gas flow regulating valve 7 can be reduced, so that the supply proportion of primary gas is improved, and the gas flow of the central area is increased to slow down the backflow phenomenon of the central area; otherwise, the supply ratio of the primary gas is reduced.
Compared with the traditional top-burning hot blast stove, the gas and the air are mixed more uniformly in the combustor 17 under the action of the vertical airflow of the gas top cavity 1, and the gas reflux action in the combustion chamber 13 is greatly weakened. The reasonable air flow adjustment enables the combustion in the combustion chamber 13 to be more sufficient and uniform, a local high-temperature area is avoided, the temperature distribution on the cross section is more balanced, and the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides in the high-temperature area is greatly reduced. The flue gas after burning is evenly distributed on the section of the regenerator 15, and a local overheating area does not exist in the regenerator, so that the problems of creep deformation, slagging, grid hole blockage and the like of the checker bricks are avoided, the service life of the hot blast stove is prolonged, and the requirement of the blast furnace of two generations is met. And simultaneously, the utility model discloses can be applied to newly-built blast furnace hot-blast stove engineering, also can be used to the transformation engineering of traditional hot-blast furnace.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a top combustion formula hot-blast furnace of area center equipartition formula combustor, includes the combustor at top, the combustion chamber at middle part and the regenerator of lower part, its characterized in that: the combustor is provided with a combustor inner cavity, a gas inlet main pipeline, a primary gas flow regulating valve, a secondary gas flow regulating valve, a primary gas inlet pipeline, a secondary gas inlet pipeline, a gas top cavity, a gas annular cavity, a gas vertical nozzle, a gas horizontal nozzle, an air inlet pipeline, an air annular cavity and an air horizontal nozzle; the gas vertical nozzles are positioned at the top of the inner cavity of the burner and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the gas horizontal nozzle is positioned in the middle of the side wall of the inner cavity of the combustor, and the central line of the gas horizontal nozzle forms an included angle of 15-35 degrees with the radial direction of the inner cavity of the combustor.
2. The top-fired hot blast stove with the center-distributed burner of claim 1, wherein: the gas vertical nozzles are divided into an inner ring gas vertical nozzle and an outer ring gas vertical nozzle, and the inner ring gas vertical nozzle and the outer ring gas vertical nozzle are coaxial and coincide with the axis of the inner cavity of the burner.
3. The top-fired hot blast stove with the center-distributed burner of claim 2, wherein: the ring radius of the inner ring coal gas vertical nozzle is not more than the rotary cutting circle radius formed by the coal gas horizontal nozzle, and the nozzle angle is vertical downward.
4. The top-fired hot blast stove with the center-distributed burner of claim 2, wherein: the ring radius of the outer ring coal gas vertical nozzle is between the radius of the inner cavity of the burner and the radius of the rotary cutting circle, and the inclination angle alpha between the nozzle and the axis of the burner is less than or equal to 5 degrees.
5. The top-fired hot blast stove with the center-distributed burner of claim 1, wherein: the gas top cavity is arranged in the heat insulation wall at the top of the burner in a hemispherical shape, and the gas vertical nozzle is communicated with the gas top cavity.
6. The top-fired hot blast stove with the center-distributed burner of claim 1, wherein: the gas inlet main pipeline is connected with the corresponding primary and secondary gas inlet pipelines through the primary and secondary gas flow regulating valves.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920305336.7U CN209836216U (en) | 2019-03-11 | 2019-03-11 | Top combustion hot blast stove with central uniform distribution type burner |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920305336.7U CN209836216U (en) | 2019-03-11 | 2019-03-11 | Top combustion hot blast stove with central uniform distribution type burner |
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| CN209836216U true CN209836216U (en) | 2019-12-24 |
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| CN201920305336.7U Active CN209836216U (en) | 2019-03-11 | 2019-03-11 | Top combustion hot blast stove with central uniform distribution type burner |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111690785A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2020-09-22 | 山东省冶金设计院股份有限公司 | Top combustion hot blast stove with central uniform distribution type burner |
| WO2021256966A1 (en) | 2020-06-16 | 2021-12-23 | Акционерное общество "КАЛУГИН" | Shaftless air heater |
-
2019
- 2019-03-11 CN CN201920305336.7U patent/CN209836216U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111690785A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2020-09-22 | 山东省冶金设计院股份有限公司 | Top combustion hot blast stove with central uniform distribution type burner |
| CN111690785B (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2024-05-14 | 山东省冶金设计院股份有限公司 | Top combustion type hot blast stove with central uniformly distributed burner |
| WO2021256966A1 (en) | 2020-06-16 | 2021-12-23 | Акционерное общество "КАЛУГИН" | Shaftless air heater |
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