CN209823452U - Storage battery charging and discharging device - Google Patents
Storage battery charging and discharging device Download PDFInfo
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- CN209823452U CN209823452U CN201920559308.8U CN201920559308U CN209823452U CN 209823452 U CN209823452 U CN 209823452U CN 201920559308 U CN201920559308 U CN 201920559308U CN 209823452 U CN209823452 U CN 209823452U
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- storage battery
- charging
- comparator
- battery
- relay
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a storage battery charging and discharging device, which comprises a plurality of storage batteries, a comparator, a controller, a charging and discharging device and an electric quantity detection device; the controller is used for controlling the comparator, the detection device and the charging and discharging device; the comparator is connected with the storage battery and is provided with a threshold voltage; the electric quantity detection device is connected with the storage battery and is used for detecting the electric quantity of the storage battery; the charging and discharging device comprises two relays, and a power generation device and a power supply load which are respectively connected with the two relays. The device has the working characteristic of punching and placing simultaneously.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a battery field especially relates to a battery charge-discharge device.
Background
A control strategy generally adopted by the conventional energy storage module is bidirectional DC/DC converter control. In the control circuit of the bidirectional DC/DC converter, the energy storage unit charges and discharges a reference current irefAnd comparing the current with the actual working current i, sending the generated error to the PI controller, and limiting the working current of the energy storage element by limiting the amplitude of the output of the PI controller so as to avoid damaging a switching tube. The output value of the PI controller generates a driving pulse through a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) circuit to control a switching tube T in the bidirectional DC/DC converter1、T2Make and break of (2). In the control process, the comparator judges whether the given working current of the energy storage unit is positive or negative to determine the working mode of the bidirectional DC/DC converter.
In order to prevent the bidirectional DC/DC bridge arm from being directly connected, the problem that frequent working mode switching brings hidden danger to the reliable and stable operation of a system is considered, and the service life of an energy storage unit is influenced. Hence using a setting of the maximum value iupMinimum value idownThe threshold comparator starts the energy storage unit. The logic relation between the selection mode of the bidirectional DC/DC converter and the comparator;
when i isref<idownWhen the energy storage device is required to be charged, the comparator outputs a logic value 0, and the switch tube T is locked2Triggering pulse, outputting logic value 1 by comparator, controlling switch tube T by PWM circuit1To implement Buck mode of the bi-directional DC/DC circuit.
When i isdown<iref<iupAnd in the interval, the energy storage device is in an idle state, the output logic values of the first comparator and the second comparator are both 0, and the trigger pulse is locked.
When i isref>iupWhen the energy storage unit is required to discharge, the comparator outputs a logic value of 0, and the switch tube T is locked1Trigger pulse, comparator two outputs logic value l, control switch tube T2To implement a Boost mode for the bi-directional DC/DC circuit.
As described above, the conventional energy storage module has a unidirectional charging characteristic (an operation in which a discharging operation is not performed in a state in which charging is performed or an operation in which charging is not performed in a state in which discharging is performed by the module). When sudden faults such as voltage drop and power failure occur in a power supply system, the system cannot normally supply power, and the traditional energy storage module cannot supply power to the system in time, so that the system is unstable and even breaks down, and the power consumption experience of a user is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
To the shortcoming among the prior art, the utility model provides a battery charge-discharge device solves the unidirectional charging characteristic of traditional type energy storage module (can not carry out the operation of discharging when the state of carrying out the charge or the operation that this module can not carry out the charge when carrying out the state of discharging).
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the storage battery charging and discharging device comprises two storage batteries, a comparator, a controller, a charging and discharging device and an electric quantity detection device; the controller is used for controlling the comparator, the detection device and the charging and discharging assembly; the comparator is connected with the storage battery and the controller, and threshold voltage is set in the comparator; the electric quantity detection device is connected with the storage battery and the controller and is used for detecting the electric quantity of the storage battery and sending a signal to the controller; the charging and discharging assembly comprises a relay I, a relay II, a photovoltaic and a load which are respectively connected with the two relays; the normally open end and the normally closed end of the relay I are respectively connected with the anodes of the two storage batteries, the common end of the relay is connected with the photovoltaic anode, and the cathode of the storage battery is connected with the photovoltaic cathode; the normally open end and the normally closed end of the relay II are respectively connected with the anodes of the two storage batteries, the common end of the relay is connected with the anode of the load, and the cathode of the storage battery is connected with the cathode of the load.
Further, the controller is a single chip microcomputer.
Further, the electric quantity detection device is an optocoupler or an NPN triode connected with the storage battery.
Further, the power generation device is a photovoltaic power generation device.
Further, the voltage threshold of the comparator is 11.5V-13V.
Further, the comparator is an in-phase voltage comparator.
The specific method for charging and discharging the device comprises the following steps: the photovoltaic charging end and load end circuit is controlled by the controller and the relay to be switched to be communicated with the storage batteries, so that the two storage batteries are switched between charging and discharging, one storage battery is communicated with the photovoltaic charging end, and the other storage battery is communicated with the load end. Specifically, the controller detects the potential change of the electric quantity detection device, sends charging and discharging switching signals to the two relays, and the relays switch the charging and discharging functions of the two storage batteries.
Compared with the prior art, the technical effect of the utility model is that:
the utility model provides a battery device of charge-discharge characteristic of bidirectionality, the device have "the working characteristic of putting while dashing". The improved storage battery charging and discharging device comprises a storage battery protection circuit, a storage battery charging and discharging circuit and a storage battery electric quantity detection circuit. After the storage battery protection circuit is compared with the comparator through the storage battery voltage, a relay action signal is given out through the controller to enable the storage battery to be kept in the optimal range of the use voltage; the storage battery charging and discharging module is provided with two relays to realize the function that one of the two storage batteries needs to be disconnected with the charging part when the other storage battery is charged, so that the purpose of controlling alternate charging is achieved. The utility model discloses an adopt the singlechip to be the controller, realize the automatic switch-over between the battery module mode, and have the little convenient to carry characteristics of system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery charging and discharging structure;
FIG. 2 is a battery protection circuit;
FIG. 3 is a battery charging and discharging circuit;
fig. 4 shows the detected electric quantity of the battery.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A storage battery charging and discharging device is shown in figure 1 and comprises a storage battery pack 1, 2 storage battery packs, namely a first storage battery and a second storage battery, a comparator 3, a controller 2, a charging and discharging device and an electric quantity detection device 4; the controller 2 is used for controlling the comparator 3, the electric quantity detection device 4 and the charge and discharge device; the comparator 3 is connected with the storage battery pack 1, and the comparator 3 is provided with a threshold voltage; the electric quantity detection device 4 is connected with the storage battery pack 1 and is used for detecting the electric quantity of the storage battery in the storage battery pack 1; the charging and discharging device comprises a relay I5, a relay II 6, a photovoltaic end 7 and a load end 8, wherein the photovoltaic end 7 and the load end 8 are respectively connected with the two relays.
The first relay 5 is used for charging the storage battery pack, the normally open end and the normally closed end of the first relay 5 are respectively connected with the positive electrodes of the first storage battery and the second storage battery, the common end of the first relay 5 is connected with the positive electrode of the photovoltaic end 7, and the negative electrode of the first storage battery is communicated with the negative electrode of the photovoltaic end 7. The working voltage of the storage battery is 11.5V-13V, the storage battery needs to be charged when the voltage of the storage battery is less than 11.5V, the comparator 3 sends a low level signal to the controller 2, the controller 2 sends a charging signal to the relay I5, the common end of the relay I5 is connected with the normally open end contact, the positive electrode of the photovoltaic end 7 is communicated with the positive electrode of the storage battery, and the photovoltaic charges the storage battery I. When the first storage battery is fully charged by 13V, the first comparator 3 sends a high level signal to the controller, the controller 2 sends a discharging signal to the first relay 5, the controller 2 controls the normally closed end of the first relay 5 to be communicated with the common end contact, the first storage battery starts to discharge, and the photovoltaic starts to charge the second storage battery.
The second relay 6 is used for discharging to the storage battery pack, the normally open end and the normally closed end of the second relay 6 are respectively connected with the anodes of the first storage battery and the second storage battery, the common end of the second relay 6 is connected with the anode of the load end 8, and the cathode of the second storage battery is communicated with the cathode of the load end 8. When the voltage of the storage battery is 13V, the charging is finished, the comparator 3 sends a high level signal to the controller, the controller 2 sends a discharging signal to the relay II 6, the common end of the relay II 6 is connected with the normally opened end contact, the positive electrode of the load end 8 is communicated with the positive electrode of the storage battery I, the load starts to work, and the storage battery I discharges. When the voltage of the first storage battery is lower than 11.5V, the discharging is finished, the comparator 3 sends a low level signal to the controller 2, the controller 2 controls the normally closed end of the second relay 6 to be communicated with the common end contact, the first storage battery starts to be charged, the load end starts to use the electric energy of the second storage battery, and the second storage battery discharges.
The controller 2 is a 51-chip microcomputer; the comparator 3 is an in-phase voltage comparator; the photovoltaic end 7 charges the storage battery through photovoltaic or wind power generation; the load end 8 is a household appliance; the electric quantity detection device is an optocoupler or an NPN triode and is used for monitoring whether the storage battery is full.
The circuit of the storage battery protection module is shown in figure 2, and a storage battery VBATThe optimal range of the voltage is 11.5V to 13V, and the set voltage V of the systemrefIs 15V, R11k omega, voltage V of the first storage batteryBATAs an input voltage uiThe end connected to LM324N comparator and reference voltage u of comparatorrA comparison is made. At this time, if the battery is in an unfilled state, the circuit trace is an r line, as can be seen from fig. 2:
the full-state voltage value set by the accumulator is 13V, namely the reference voltage u of the comparatorrAt 13V, since the secondary battery is in an unfilled state at this time, ui<urThen LM324N outputs a low level of-13V and the controller signals the charging of the relay. Until the accumulator is fully charged uiWhen 13V, the voltage at the output point LM324N changes to +13V, the amplifier circuit is turned on, and the circuit trace at this time is nine lines, and the resistor R is known from the above figure4Is shielded. Then:
the minimum operating voltage value of the battery set at this time is 11.5V, i.e., the comparator reference voltage urAt 11.5V, only when the voltage of the battery 1 is discharged to 11.5V, the LM324N output voltage jumps to a low level of-11.5V, and the amplifier circuit is turned off. Thus, the charging and discharging work of the storage battery protection circuit is completed in one cycle.
Further, the following equations (1) and (2) can be calculated: r3 ═ 3.2K Ω, and R4 ═ 3.18K Ω.
Through the circulation of the storage battery protection circuit, the first storage battery and the second storage battery are switched between charging and discharging, and one storage battery is charged while the other storage battery is discharged.
The battery charging and discharging circuit is shown in fig. 3. The charging and discharging of the storage battery are designed to realize the purpose of alternate charging and discharging, and the alternate charging control is firstly considered. Since one of the two secondary batteries is required to be disconnected from the charging section while the other is being charged. When the relay is used, one path is closed and the other path is open, so that the problem of charge and discharge switching of the storage battery pack is solved by using the relay. When the controller detects that the storage battery needs to be charged, the relay normally-open and normally-closed end is communicated with the public end, the photovoltaic charges the storage battery I, when the controller detects that the storage battery is full of signals, the relay normally-open and normally-closed end is disconnected with the public end, the normally-open and normally-closed end is communicated with the public end, and the photovoltaic charges the storage battery II. In the same way, the principle of the storage battery discharge control circuit is the same, and only the positive pole of the photovoltaic end needs to be transposed to the load positive pole, and the storage battery charging end is replaced by the storage battery discharging end.
The battery charge detection charge is shown in fig. 4. When the voltage of the storage battery is greater than the upper limit voltage, the discharging end of the storage battery is conducted, and the storage battery starts to discharge. The controller 2 needs to detect whether the battery is fully charged to determine which battery to use for discharging or charging. Because the voltage output by the storage battery is between 11.5V and 13V, namely about 12V, the voltage cannot be directly connected with a pin of a 51 single chip microcomputer, and the embodiment adopts optical coupler or NPN triode for detection. When the storage battery is fully charged, 12V voltage is applied to the optical coupler equivalently, the optical coupler end sends out an optical signal, NPN inside the optical coupler is conducted, and at the moment, the single chip microcomputer detects high potential. If the voltage of the storage battery is lower than 11.5V, the optical coupler end cannot send out an optical signal, NPN in the optical coupler is not conducted, and the single chip microcomputer can detect a low potential. Whether the storage battery is fully charged can be detected by using the detection module.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The storage battery charging and discharging device comprises two storage batteries, and is characterized by further comprising a comparator, a controller and a charging and discharging device; the controller is used for controlling the comparator, the detection device and the charging and discharging assembly; the comparator is connected with the storage battery and the controller, and threshold voltage is set in the comparator; the charging and discharging assembly comprises a relay I, a relay II, a photovoltaic end and a load end, wherein the photovoltaic end and the load end are respectively connected with the two relays; the normally open end and the normally closed end of the relay I are respectively connected with the anodes of the two storage batteries, the common end of the relay is connected with the photovoltaic anode, and the cathode of the storage battery is connected with the cathode of the photovoltaic end; the normally open end and the normally closed end of the relay II are respectively connected with the anodes of the two storage batteries, the common end of the relay is connected with the anode of the load, and the cathode of the storage battery is connected with the cathode of the load.
2. The battery charging and discharging device according to claim 1, further comprising a charge level detector, wherein the charge level detector is connected to the battery and the controller, respectively, for detecting the charge level of the battery.
3. The battery charging and discharging device according to claim 1, wherein the controller is a single chip microcomputer.
4. The battery charging and discharging device according to claim 2, wherein the electric quantity detecting device is an opto-coupler or an NPN transistor connected to the battery.
5. The battery charging and discharging device according to claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic terminal is a photovoltaic power generation device or a wind power generation device.
6. The battery charging and discharging device according to claim 1, wherein the voltage threshold of the comparator is 11.5V to 13V.
7. The battery charging and discharging device according to claim 5, wherein the comparator is an in-phase voltage comparator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920559308.8U CN209823452U (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2019-04-23 | Storage battery charging and discharging device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920559308.8U CN209823452U (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2019-04-23 | Storage battery charging and discharging device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN209823452U true CN209823452U (en) | 2019-12-20 |
Family
ID=68881216
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920559308.8U Expired - Fee Related CN209823452U (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2019-04-23 | Storage battery charging and discharging device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN209823452U (en) |
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2019
- 2019-04-23 CN CN201920559308.8U patent/CN209823452U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20191220 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |