CN209816109U - Anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste - Google Patents
Anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN209816109U CN209816109U CN201920412624.2U CN201920412624U CN209816109U CN 209816109 U CN209816109 U CN 209816109U CN 201920412624 U CN201920412624 U CN 201920412624U CN 209816109 U CN209816109 U CN 209816109U
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 146
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000001079 digestive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010805 inorganic waste Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 4
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- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kitchen garbage anaerobic fermentation system. The system comprises: the device comprises a sorting device, an oil-water separation device, a hydrolysis desanding device, a heat exchange device and an anaerobic fermentation device, wherein the hydrolysis desanding device is provided with a deoiling slurry inlet, an odor outlet, a sand discharge port and a hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet, and the outer surface of the hydrolysis desanding device is provided with a heat insulation layer; the heat exchange device is provided with a temperature sensor, a circulating pump, a hydrolysis desanding slurry inlet, a low-temperature medium inlet, a high-temperature medium outlet and a heat-exchange hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet, wherein the circulating pump is arranged at the low-temperature medium inlet, the temperature sensor is arranged at the heat-exchange hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet, and the opening of the circulating pump is controlled by the temperature sensor based on the temperature at the heat-exchange hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet; the anaerobic fermentation device is provided with a heat-exchange hydrolysis desanding slurry inlet, a methane outlet and a digestive juice outlet. By adopting the system, the efficiency and the effect of anaerobic fermentation on the kitchen waste can be obviously improved, and energy waste is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the chemical industry, particularly, relate to kitchen garbage anaerobic fermentation system.
Background
Anaerobic fermentation is a green and environment-friendly technology, and has been developed greatly in China in recent 20 years. The pretreatment efficient separation technology is utilized to meet the requirement of anaerobic fermentation, industrial crude oil is separated, then the industrial crude oil is utilized to prepare biodiesel, organic waste is efficiently degraded and utilized by anaerobic microorganisms to generate clean energy gas and nutrient soil, the requirement of people in the current society on environmental protection can be met, and the problem of kitchen waste treatment can be effectively solved.
However, the anaerobic treatment of the kitchen waste at present has the following technical problems: a large amount of heavy settled sand exists in the kitchen waste slurry after pretreatment and sorting, can be deposited at the bottom in a long-term accumulation manner during the operation of an anaerobic fermentation system, needs to be cleaned regularly, not only influences normal production, but also increases the operation cost, generally carries out hydrolysis treatment after sand removal on the kitchen waste slurry in advance, and finally carries out anaerobic fermentation by heating. At present, most anaerobic fermentation tanks adopt overground steel tank bodies for external heat preservation, the overall investment cost is high, and the conventional anaerobic fermentation tanks and the biogas storage cabinet are separately arranged and used as class A facilities, the fire-proof space is large, the occupied area is large, and the investment is high; in addition, when the grease is extracted, the kitchen waste slurry needs to be heated to more than 80 ℃, and a large amount of heat is dissipated in the subsequent sand removing and hydrolyzing processes, so that energy waste is caused. In summary, the anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste still needs to be further improved.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The present invention aims at solving at least one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent. Therefore, the utility model discloses an aim at provides kitchen garbage anaerobic fermentation system. When the system is used for carrying out anaerobic fermentation on the kitchen waste, the efficiency of hydrolysis and desanding treatment is improved by utilizing the high temperature of the deoiled slurry, the hydrolysis and desanding treatment time is shortened, the hydrolysis and desanding slurry can be cooled through the heat exchange device, and the heat carried by the hydrolysis and desanding slurry is recycled while the required temperature of the anaerobic fermentation is met.
According to an aspect of the utility model, the utility model provides a kitchen garbage anaerobic fermentation system. According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, this system includes:
the sorting device is provided with a kitchen waste inlet, an inorganic waste outlet and a kitchen waste slurry outlet;
the kitchen waste oil-water separator is provided with a kitchen waste slurry inlet, a crude oil outlet and a deoiled slurry outlet, and the kitchen waste slurry inlet is connected with the kitchen waste slurry outlet;
the device comprises a hydrolysis desanding device, a sand discharging port and a hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet, wherein the hydrolysis desanding device is provided with an deoiling slurry inlet, an odor outlet, the sand discharging port and the hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet;
the heat exchange device is provided with a temperature sensor, a circulating pump, a hydrolysis desanding slurry inlet, a low-temperature medium inlet, a high-temperature medium outlet and a heat-exchanged hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet, the hydrolysis desanding slurry inlet is connected with the hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet, the circulating pump is arranged at the low-temperature medium inlet, the temperature sensor is arranged at the heat-exchanged hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet, and the opening of the circulating pump is controlled by the temperature sensor based on the temperature at the heat-exchanged hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet;
the anaerobic fermentation device is provided with a heat-exchange hydrolysis desanding slurry inlet, a methane outlet and a digestive juice outlet, and the heat-exchange hydrolysis desanding slurry inlet is connected with the heat-exchange hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet.
According to the kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation system provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the deoiled slurry is directly supplied to the hydrolysis desanding device for hydrolysis desanding treatment, so that not only can the silt in the deoiled slurry be effectively discharged, but also the subsequent anaerobic fermentation device can continuously and normally operate, so that tank cleaning is prevented, the overall maintenance cost is reduced, the efficiency of hydrolysis desanding treatment can be improved by utilizing the high temperature carried by the deoiled slurry, the hydrolysis desanding treatment time is shortened, meanwhile, the heat loss in the hydrolysis desanding process can be further reduced by the heat preservation layer arranged on the outer surface of the hydrolysis desanding device, and the hydrolysis efficiency is ensured; in addition, a heat exchange device is arranged at the upstream of the anaerobic fermentation device to cool the hydrolysis desanding slurry, so that the heat carried by the hydrolysis desanding slurry can be recycled while the temperature required by anaerobic fermentation is met; further, through setting up temperature sensor and circulating pump in heat transfer device, can also hydrolyze the aperture of degritting thick liquid exit based on the heat transfer after and open the opening of control circulating pump (including opening and stop), and then can adjust the quantity of low temperature medium according to actual conditions is nimble, and the temperature of the degritting thick liquid of hydrolysising after the accurate control heat transfer guarantees the effect of anaerobic fermentation treatment. Therefore, by adopting the system, the efficiency and the effect of treating the kitchen waste can be obviously improved, and the energy waste can be avoided.
In addition, according to the utility model discloses above-mentioned kitchen garbage anaerobic fermentation system of embodiment can also have following additional technical characterstic:
optionally, the hydrolysis desanding device is of an above-ground conical bottom structure and comprises a tank body, a conical base and a supporting structure, wherein the tank body is located at the upper part of the conical base, the supporting structure is arranged on the side wall of the conical base, the insulating layers are arranged on the outer surfaces of the tank body and the conical base, the deoiling slurry inlet and the odor outlet are located at the upper part of the tank body, the hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet is located at the lower part of the tank body, and the sand discharge port is located at the bottom of the conical base. Therefore, the hydrolysis desanding treatment time can be obviously shortened, the hydrolysis acidification effect is further improved, and the utilization rate of heat energy can be further improved.
Optionally, the taper of the tapered base is 0.8-1.
Optionally, the anaerobic fermentation device comprises a fermentation tank, a membrane type gas holder, a stirrer and a maintenance pit, wherein the fermentation tank is of an underground reinforced concrete structure, the membrane type gas holder is connected with the upper part of the fermentation tank in a sealing manner, the stirrer is arranged obliquely downwards, the hydrolysis sand removal slurry inlet and the digestion solution outlet after heat exchange are positioned at the lower part of the fermentation tank, and the methane outlet is positioned at the upper part of the fermentation tank. Therefore, the fermentation efficiency can be further improved, the whole occupied area can be reduced, and the investment cost is reduced.
Optionally, the included angle between the stirrer and the vertical direction is 30-60 degrees, and the membrane type gas cabinet is a double-layer membrane type gas bag.
Optionally, the heat exchange device is a double pipe mud-water heat exchanger.
Optionally, the heat-exchanged hydrolysis desanding slurry inlet is connected with the heat-exchanged hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet through a feed pump; the hydrolysis desanding device further comprises a first liquid level sensor, and the first liquid level sensor controls the opening degree of the feeding pump based on the liquid level height of the hydrolysis desanding device.
Optionally, the first level sensor is an ultrasonic level sensor.
Optionally, a discharge pump is arranged at the digestive juice outlet; the anaerobic fermentation device further comprises a second liquid level sensor, and the second liquid level sensor controls the opening degree of the discharge pump based on the liquid level height of the anaerobic fermentation device.
Optionally, the second level sensor is an ultrasonic level sensor.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrolysis sand removing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an anaerobic fermentation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a local structure of the anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of a method for anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
According to an aspect of the utility model, the utility model provides a kitchen garbage anaerobic fermentation system. According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-2, the system comprises: the device comprises a sorting device 100, an oil-water separation device 200, a hydrolysis and desanding device 300, a heat exchange device 400 and an anaerobic fermentation device 500. The sorting device 100 is provided with a kitchen waste inlet 110, an inorganic waste outlet 120 and a kitchen waste slurry outlet 130; the oil-water separation device 200 is provided with a kitchen waste slurry inlet 210, a crude oil outlet 220 and a deoiled slurry outlet 230, wherein the kitchen waste slurry inlet 210 is connected with the kitchen waste slurry outlet 130; the hydrolysis desanding device 300 is provided with a deoiling slurry inlet 310, an odor outlet 320, a sand discharge port 330 and a hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet 340, the outer surface of the hydrolysis desanding device is provided with a heat preservation layer 350, the deoiling slurry inlet 310 and the odor outlet 320 are positioned at the upper part of the hydrolysis desanding device 300, the sand discharge port 330 is positioned at the bottom of the hydrolysis desanding device 330, the hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet 340 is positioned at the middle lower part of the hydrolysis desanding device 300, and the deoiling slurry inlet 310 is connected with the deoiling slurry outlet 230; the heat exchange device 400 is provided with a temperature sensor 410, a circulating pump 420, a hydrolysis desanding slurry inlet 430, a low-temperature medium inlet 440, a high-temperature medium outlet 450 and a heat-exchanged hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet 460, wherein the hydrolysis desanding slurry inlet 430 is connected with the hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet 340, the circulating pump 430 is arranged at the low-temperature medium inlet 440, the temperature sensor 410 is arranged at the heat-exchanged hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet 460, and the temperature sensor 410 controls the opening of the circulating pump 420 based on the temperature at the heat-exchanged hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet 460; the anaerobic fermentation device 500 is provided with a heat-exchange hydrolysis desanding slurry inlet 510, a biogas outlet 520 and a digestion liquid outlet 530, wherein the heat-exchange hydrolysis desanding slurry inlet 510 is connected with a heat-exchange hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet 460.
According to the kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation system of the embodiment of the utility model, through directly supplying the deoiling slurry to the hydrolysis desanding device 300 for hydrolysis desanding treatment, not only can effectively discharge silt in the deoiling slurry, make the follow-up anaerobic fermentation device 500 continuously and normally operate, thereby preventing tank cleaning, reduce the overall maintenance cost, can also utilize the high temperature carried by the deoiling slurry to improve the efficiency of hydrolysis desanding treatment, shorten the hydrolysis desanding treatment time, the heat preservation 350 arranged on the outer surface of the hydrolysis desanding device 300 can further reduce the heat loss in the hydrolysis desanding process, and ensure the hydrolysis efficiency; in addition, the heat exchange device 400 is arranged at the upstream of the anaerobic fermentation device 500 to cool the hydrolysis desanding slurry, so that the heat carried by the hydrolysis desanding slurry can be recycled while the temperature required by anaerobic fermentation is met; further, through setting up temperature sensor 410 and circulating pump 420 in heat transfer device 400, can also be based on the aperture (including opening and stopping) of the temperature control circulating pump 420 of the back of the heat transfer sand removal thick liquid export 460 department of hydrolysising, and then can adjust the quantity of low temperature medium according to actual conditions is nimble, the temperature of the back of the accurate control heat transfer sand removal thick liquid of hydrolysising to guarantee anaerobic fermentation treatment's efficiency and effect. Therefore, by adopting the system, the efficiency and the effect of treating the kitchen waste can be obviously improved, and the energy waste can be avoided.
The kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation system according to the above embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
Sorting device 100 and oil-water separation device 200
According to the embodiment of the utility model, the kitchen waste can be supplied to the sorting device 100 for sorting treatment to obtain inorganic waste and kitchen waste slurry, and then the kitchen waste slurry is supplied to the oil-water separation device 200 for oil-water separation treatment to obtain crude oil and deoiled slurry; when the kitchen waste is sorted, draining can be performed on the kitchen waste in advance, then inorganic matters are roughly separated, and the rest organic waste is crushed and heated to obtain kitchen waste slurry; crude oil obtained by separating the kitchen waste slurry can be used for preparing biodiesel and the like; in addition, a small amount of solid organic matters possibly remaining in the sorting treatment process can be carbonized to obtain reusable substances such as nutrient soil. Therefore, useful substances in the kitchen waste can be recovered as much as possible; it should be noted that the kitchen waste slurry also includes oil and water obtained by draining.
Sand removing device 300 for hydrolysis
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment can send the direct heat of deoiling thick liquid to the desanding device 300 that hydrolysises and carry out the desanding treatment of hydrolysising, obtains smelly gas and water and removes the sand thick liquid. From this not only can effectively discharge the silt particle in the deoiling thick liquid, make follow-up anaerobic fermentation device 500 continuously normal operating, the high temperature that can also utilize the deoiling thick liquid to carry improves the efficiency of the degritting processing of hydrolysising, shortens the degritting processing time of hydrolysising, and the heat preservation 350 of the setting of the outer surface of the degritting device 300 of hydrolysising simultaneously can also further reduce the calorific loss of the degritting in-process of hydrolysising, need not to heat the degritting thick liquid of hydrolysising and can guarantee the efficiency of hydrolysising.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the sand removal device 300 for hydrolysis can be an above-ground conical bottom structure, which comprises a tank 360, a conical base 370 and a supporting structure 380, wherein the tank 360 is located on the upper portion of the conical base 370, the supporting structure 380 is disposed on the sidewall of the conical base 370, the outer surfaces of the tank 360 and the conical base 370 are both provided with a heat preservation layer 350, the deoiling slurry inlet 310 and the odor outlet 320 are located on the upper portion of the tank 360, the sand removal slurry outlet 340 is located on the lower portion of the tank 360, and the sand discharge port 330 is located on the bottom of the conical base 370. The hydrolysis desanding device adopting the structure is not only favorable for settling the silt in the deoiled slurry, but also can realize the solid-liquid separation of the deoiled slurry without arranging a mesh screen structure, thereby obviously reducing the silt in the hydrolysis desanding slurry; the deoiled slurry can be rapidly hydrolyzed and acidified, and macromolecular organic matters in the slurry can be rapidly degraded into soluble micromolecular organic matters without heating treatment. Therefore, the hydrolysis desanding treatment time can be obviously shortened, the hydrolysis acidification effect is further improved, and the utilization rate of heat energy can be further improved.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the taper of the tapered base 370 can be 0.8-1. The inventor finds that because the conical base is arranged in a suspended mode and supported by the supporting structure, if the taper of the conical base 370 is too small, the height of the sewage removal sand tank with the same processing capacity is higher, so that the condition that the head is heavy and the feet are light is easy to occur, the system stability is not facilitated, and the sediment space is smaller, so that the sediment in the deoiling slurry is not facilitated to be settled; when the taper of the conical base 370 is too large, the diameter of the bottom surface of the conical base is relatively large, so that the gravity effect is poor, sediment is easily blocked after being deposited on the conical base, sand removal is difficult to smoothly perform, and the stable operation of the system is not facilitated. The utility model discloses in be above-mentioned structural parameter through control conical base 370 and jar body 360, not only can ensure that the sand removal device of hydrolysising has better sand removal effect, can also further improve the stability of the sand removal device of hydrolysising. It should be noted that the taper in the present invention refers to the ratio of the bottom diameter (average value of the inner diameter and the outer diameter) of the tapered base to the height of the tapered base.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the supporting structure 380 can be a plurality of supporting columns, a plurality of supporting columns and the conical base 370 can be reinforced concrete structure, and the tank 360 can be a steel tank. The utility model discloses in not only can reach better supporting effect as bearing structure through adopting many spinal branchs post, still can not influence the sediment outflow process, and through adopting reinforced concrete to form support column and conical base, can further improve the stability of the desanding device of hydrolysising.
According to the utility model discloses a still another embodiment, the temperature in the desanding device 300 of hydrolysising is 60 ~ 80 degrees centigrade, and the time of the desanding of hydrolysising is 1 ~ 3 days. Wherein, when carrying out oil-water separation to the kitchen garbage thick liquid and handling, need heat the kitchen garbage thick liquid to more than 80 degrees centigrade usually, for example 80 ~ 110 degrees centigrade, the utility model discloses in with the direct heat of the high temperature deoiling thick liquid that oil-water separation handled and carry out the degritting processing of hydrolysising in sending to the sand removal device 300 of hydrolysising, and the heat preservation of the setting of the sand removal device 300 surface of hydrolysising can show and reduce the calorific loss in the sand removal device of hydrolysising, make the temperature that the degritting was handled of hydrolysising keep 60 ~ 80 degrees centigrade, can show the efficiency that improves the hydrolytic acidification from this, shorten the time of the degritting processing of hydrolysising. Further, the deoiled slurry inlet 310 and the deoiled slurry outlet 230 may be connected by a heat insulation pipe, thereby further reducing heat loss of the deoiled slurry during the transportation process.
Heat exchange device 400
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment can supply with the degritting thick liquid of hydrolysising to heat transfer device 400 and carry out heat transfer treatment, obtains the degritting thick liquid of hydrolysising after the heat transfer. Anaerobic treatment can be high-temperature anaerobic fermentation treatment or medium-temperature anaerobic fermentation treatment on the garbage hydrolysis acidizing fluid, the temperature of the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation treatment is 53-57 ℃, and the temperature of the medium-temperature anaerobic fermentation treatment is 35-39 ℃, in the utility model, the sand slurry removing of water discharged from the hydrolysis desanding device 300 is 60-80 ℃, so that the anaerobic fermentation treatment cannot be directly carried out, the hydrolysis desanding slurry is cooled by adopting a heat exchange device, the temperature condition required by anaerobic fermentation can be met, and the heat carried by the hydrolysis desanding slurry can be recycled; in addition, in the utility model, by arranging the temperature sensor 410 and the circulating pump 420 in the heat exchange device 400, the opening degree (including starting and stopping) of the circulating pump can be flexibly controlled based on the temperature at the outlet of the hydrolyzed desanding slurry after heat exchange and by combining the preset anaerobic fermentation temperature, for example, when high-temperature anaerobic fermentation is carried out (53-57 ℃), the opening degree of the circulating pump can be reduced, and the consumption of low-temperature media is reduced; when the medium-temperature anaerobic fermentation is carried out (35-39 ℃), the opening degree of the circulating pump can be increased, and the consumption of a low-temperature medium is increased; when the temperature at the outlet of the hydrolyzed desanding slurry after heat exchange is higher than the temperature required by anaerobic fermentation, the opening degree of the circulating pump can be increased, and the consumption of low-temperature media is increased; when the temperature of the outlet of the hydrolyzed desanding slurry after heat exchange is lower than the temperature required by anaerobic fermentation, the opening degree of the circulating pump can be reduced, and the consumption of low-temperature media is reduced.
According to the utility model discloses a still another embodiment, heat transfer device 400 can be bushing type muddy water heat exchanger, can further improve heat exchange efficiency from this. In addition, the types of the medium temperature sensor 410 and the circulating pump 420 of the present invention are not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can select them according to actual needs, for example, the temperature sensor 410 can be a thermal resistance temperature sensor, the circulating pump 420 can be a pipe pump, and the heat transfer medium can be water.
Anaerobic fermentation device 500
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment can supply with the heat transfer after hydrolysis desanding thick liquid to anaerobic fermentation device and carry out anaerobic fermentation and handle, obtains marsh gas and digestive juice. Wherein, the digestion solution can be further subjected to filter pressing, drying and carbonization treatment by using a filter press, a dryer and a carbonization device to obtain recyclable substances such as nutrient soil, and the utilization rate of the kitchen waste can be further improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the anaerobic fermentation device 500 may include a fermentation tank 540, a membrane type gas holder 550, a stirrer 560 and a maintenance pit 570, the fermentation tank 540 is of an underground reinforced concrete structure, the membrane type gas holder 550 is hermetically connected to the upper portion of the fermentation tank 540, the stirrer 560 is disposed in a tilted manner, the hydrolyzed sand-removing slurry inlet 510 and the digestive juice outlet 530 are located at the lower portion of the fermentation tank 540 after heat exchange, and the biogas outlet 520 is located at the upper portion of the fermentation tank 540. The fermentation tank and the methane gas holder are integrated, and an underground steel-concrete structure is adopted, so that the whole floor area can be reduced, and the investment cost can be reduced; in addition, the fermentation tank is further provided with a stirrer which is inclined downwards, so that the slurry in the fermentation tank can be stirred, and the fermentation efficiency is further improved.
According to the utility model discloses a still another embodiment, the contained angle of mixer 560 and vertical direction can be 30 ~ 60 degrees, can be 30 degrees, 35 degrees, 40 degrees, 45 degrees, 50 degrees, 55 degrees or 60 degrees for example, can stir the thick liquid in the fermentation vat along this direction from this to further improve fermentation efficiency. Further, the type and number of the agitators 560 in the present invention are not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can select the agitators according to actual needs, for example, the agitators 560 may be blade type agitators, and the number of the agitators 560 may be 2-3, and preferably, the agitators are uniformly arranged in the fermentation tank, thereby further improving the agitation effect on the slurry.
According to the utility model discloses a still another embodiment, membrane type gas holder 550 can be double-deck membrane type gasbag, not only can play better sealed effect from this, can also show the calorific loss who reduces in the anaerobic fermentation device to show efficiency and the effect that improves anaerobic fermentation and handle.
According to the utility model discloses a still another embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, hydrolysis desanding slurry inlet 510 after the heat transfer can link to each other with hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet 460 after the heat transfer through charge pump 600, hydrolysis desanding device 300 can further include first level sensor 390, first level sensor 390 can be based on the aperture (including opening and close) of hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet of the liquid level height control charge pump 600 of hydrolysis desanding device 300, therefore, can be according to actual conditions control the pause of charge pump 600, start and carry the velocity of flow of hydrolysis desanding slurry after the heat transfer to anaerobic fermentation device, for example, when the liquid level height in the hydrolysis desanding device is less than minimum critical point, can close the charge pump, when the liquid level height in the hydrolysis desanding device is higher, can suitably increase the aperture of charge pump. Further, the types of the middle feeding pump 600 and the first liquid level sensor 390 of the present invention are not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can select them according to actual needs, for example, the feeding pump 600 can be a rotor pump or a slurry pump, and the first liquid level sensor 390 can be an ultrasonic liquid level sensor, thereby further facilitating the precise control of the rate and flow rate of the heat-exchanged post-hydrolysis desanding slurry supplied to the anaerobic fermentation device.
According to the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the discharging pump 700 may be disposed at the digestive juice outlet 530, the anaerobic fermentation device 500 may further include a second liquid level sensor 580, the second liquid level sensor 580 may control the opening degree (including start and stop) of the discharging pump 700 based on the liquid level height of the anaerobic fermentation device 500, thereby controlling the pause, start and output quantity of the digestive juice of the discharging pump 700 according to the actual situation, for example, when the liquid level height in the anaerobic fermentation device is lower than the minimum approach point, the discharging pump may be turned off, when the liquid level height in the anaerobic fermentation device is higher, the opening degree of the discharging pump may be properly increased. Further, the types of the discharging pump 700 and the second liquid level sensor 580 of the present invention are not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can select them according to actual needs, for example, the discharging pump 700 is a screw pump, and the second liquid level sensor 580 is an ultrasonic liquid level sensor, thereby further facilitating the accurate control of the output rate and output quantity of the digestive juice.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, a temperature sensor and a multi-layer heating pipe (not shown) may be disposed around the fermentation tank 540, and the temperature sensor may control the start and stop of the multi-layer heating pipe based on the temperature in the anaerobic fermentation device, for example, when the temperature in the anaerobic fermentation device is lower than a preset fermentation temperature, the multi-layer heating pipe starts heat compensation; when the temperature in the anaerobic fermentation device is within the preset fermentation temperature range, the multilayer heating pipe stops working, so that the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation can be further controlled accurately, and the efficiency and the effect of the anaerobic fermentation are ensured.
In order to facilitate understanding of the kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation system of the above embodiment of the present invention, the following describes in detail a method for performing anaerobic fermentation on kitchen waste by using the system. According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the method includes: (1) supplying the kitchen waste to a sorting device for sorting treatment so as to obtain inorganic waste and kitchen waste slurry; (2) supplying the kitchen waste slurry to an oil-water separation device for oil-water separation treatment so as to obtain crude oil and deoiled slurry; (3) supplying the deoiled slurry to a hydrolysis desanding device for hydrolysis desanding treatment so as to obtain an odor and water-removed sand slurry; (4) supplying the hydrolyzed desanding slurry to a heat exchange device for heat exchange treatment so as to obtain hydrolyzed desanding slurry after heat exchange; (5) and (3) supplying the hydrolyzed desanding slurry subjected to heat exchange to an anaerobic fermentation device for anaerobic fermentation treatment so as to obtain biogas and a digestive juice.
According to a specific embodiment of the utility model, when the kitchen waste is sorted, the kitchen waste can be drained in advance, then inorganic matters are roughly separated, and the rest organic waste is crushed and heated to obtain kitchen waste slurry; crude oil obtained by separating the kitchen waste slurry can be used for preparing biodiesel and the like; in addition, a small amount of solid organic matters possibly left in the sorting treatment process and digestive liquid obtained by anaerobic fermentation can be carbonized to obtain recyclable substances such as nutrient soil. Therefore, the useful substances in the kitchen waste can be recovered as much as possible. It should be noted that the kitchen waste slurry also includes oil and water obtained by draining.
According to the utility model discloses a specific embodiment, in step (3), the temperature of the degritting treatment of hydrolysising can be 60 ~ 80 ℃, and the time can be for 1 ~ 3 days. When carrying out oil water separation to the kitchen garbage thick liquid and handling, need heat the kitchen garbage thick liquid to more than 80 degrees centigrade usually, for example 80 ~ 110 degrees centigrade, the utility model discloses in directly the heat of the high temperature deoiling thick liquid that obtains through handling oil water separation send to the desanding device of hydrolysising to carry out the desanding processing of hydrolysising to the heat preservation that utilizes the setting of the surface of desanding device 300 of hydrolysising to keep warm, can show the calorific loss that reduces in the desanding device of hydrolysising, make the temperature of the desanding processing of hydrolysising keep 60 ~ 80 degrees centigrade, can show the efficiency that improves the hydrolytic acidification from this, shorten the time of the desanding processing of hydrolysising. Further, the deoiled slurry can be conveyed to the hydrolysis and sand removal device by using a heat preservation pipeline, so that the heat loss of the deoiled slurry in the conveying process can be further reduced.
According to the present invention, in step (5), the anaerobic fermentation treatment can be a high temperature anaerobic fermentation treatment or a medium temperature anaerobic fermentation treatment, the temperature of the high temperature anaerobic fermentation treatment can be 53-57 ℃, and the temperature of the medium temperature anaerobic fermentation treatment can be 35-39 ℃.
According to the utility model discloses a method of carrying out anaerobic fermentation to kitchen garbage, through directly supplying the deoiling thick liquid to hydrolysis desanding device and carrying out hydrolysis desanding treatment, not only can effectively discharge the silt particle in the deoiling thick liquid, make follow-up anaerobic fermentation handle continuously normal operating, thereby prevent the clear jar, reduce whole maintenance cost, the high temperature that can also utilize the deoiling thick liquid to carry improves the efficiency of hydrolysis desanding treatment, shorten hydrolysis desanding treatment time, can also utilize the heat preservation that hydrolysis desanding device surface set up to further reduce the calorific loss in the hydrolysis desanding process simultaneously, guarantee hydrolysis efficiency; in addition, the hydrolysis desanding slurry is cooled by the heat exchange device before anaerobic fermentation treatment, so that the heat carried by the hydrolysis desanding slurry can be recycled while the temperature required by anaerobic fermentation is met; furthermore, the opening degree (including opening and closing) of the circulating pump can be controlled based on the temperature control at the outlet of the hydrolyzed desanding slurry after heat exchange in the heat exchange treatment process, so that the using amount of a low-temperature medium can be flexibly adjusted according to actual conditions, the temperature of the hydrolyzed desanding slurry after heat exchange is accurately controlled, and the effect of anaerobic fermentation treatment is ensured. Therefore, by adopting the method, the efficiency and the effect of treating the kitchen waste can be obviously improved, and the energy waste can be avoided. It should be noted that, the characteristics and effects described for the above kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation system are applicable to the method for anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste, and are not described herein again.
The scheme of the invention will be explained with reference to the examples. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the invention only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. The examples, where specific techniques or conditions are not indicated, are to be construed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.
Example 1
The kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation system provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for carrying out anaerobic fermentation on kitchen waste, and the specific implementation flow is as follows:
100 tons/day of kitchen waste project, removing inorganic impurities by sorting treatment for 15.5 tons/day, and extracting oil by oil-water separation treatment for 3.5 tons/day, wherein steam is used for heating in the oil extraction process, the steam is converted into water, the steam amount is 10 tons/day, the oil removal slurry amount of the residual kitchen waste is 91 tons/day, and the temperature is 80 ℃; feeding the deoiled slurry of the kitchen waste into a hydrolysis desanding device through a deoiled slurry inlet, separating heavy settled sand by adopting a gravity mode, discharging silt from a sand discharge port, wherein the sand discharge amount is 1 ton/day, discharging a small amount of odor generated in the hydrolysis desanding device through an odor discharge port, and removing the heavy settled sand by using water to remove the mortar by 90 ton/day; the hydrolysis desanding slurry is supplied to a muddy water heat exchanger to exchange heat with a cold water medium for cooling, the temperature of the hydrolysis desanding slurry after heat exchange is 60 ℃, then the hydrolysis desanding slurry enters an anaerobic fermentation device through a feeding pump, the temperature in the anaerobic fermentation device is kept at 55 +/-2 ℃, biogas generated after fermentation is discharged through a biogas outlet, and a digestive juice generated after fermentation is discharged through a discharging pump. Wherein the marsh gasThe yield of gas was 75m3Per ton of kitchen waste, the biogas comprises 60 v% of methane and 40 v% of carbon dioxide.
Wherein the taper of a conical base in the hydrolysis desanding device is 1:1, the temperature of the kitchen waste deoiling slurry entering the hydrolysis desanding device is 80 ℃, the solid content (TS) is 10 wt%, the volatile solid content (VS) is 85 wt%, and the retention time in the hydrolysis desanding tank is 1-3 days; the temperature in the anaerobic fermentation device is high (55 +/-2 ℃), the retention time of the hydrolyzed desanding slurry in the anaerobic fermentation device is 25-28 days, the stirring machines are paddle type stirring machines, and the number of the stirring machines is 2; the muddy water heat exchanger is provided with a temperature sensor and a circulating pump, a cold water medium enters the heat exchanger through the circulating pump and a cold water medium inlet to obtain a hot water medium, and the temperature of the hydrolyzed desanding slurry after heat exchange is 60 ℃; the hydrolysis desanding device is provided with a first liquid level sensor, the anaerobic fermentation device is provided with a second liquid level sensor, the first liquid level sensor performs linkage control on the opening and starting and stopping of the feeding pump, and the first liquid level sensor starts at a high position and stops at a low position; the second liquid level sensor performs linkage control on the opening and starting and stopping of the discharge pump, and the discharge pump is started at a high position and stopped at a low position; the temperature sensor carries out interlocking control on the opening and the starting and the stopping of the circulating pump, and the circulating pump is started when the temperature is high and stopped when the temperature is low.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is that: after heat exchange is carried out by a mud-water heat exchanger, the temperature of the hydrolyzed desanding slurry after heat exchange is 40 ℃; the anaerobic fermentation device adopts medium temperature (37 +/-2 ℃) fermentation. Wherein the yield of the biogas is 75m3Per ton of kitchen waste, comprising 60 v% methane and 40 v% carbon dioxide.
In the description of the present specification, the terms "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation system is characterized by comprising:
the sorting device is provided with a kitchen waste inlet, an inorganic waste outlet and a kitchen waste slurry outlet;
the kitchen waste oil-water separator is provided with a kitchen waste slurry inlet, a crude oil outlet and a deoiled slurry outlet, and the kitchen waste slurry inlet is connected with the kitchen waste slurry outlet;
the device comprises a hydrolysis desanding device, a sand discharging port and a hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet, wherein the hydrolysis desanding device is provided with an deoiling slurry inlet, an odor outlet, the sand discharging port and the hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet;
the heat exchange device is provided with a temperature sensor, a circulating pump, a hydrolysis desanding slurry inlet, a low-temperature medium inlet, a high-temperature medium outlet and a heat-exchanged hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet, the hydrolysis desanding slurry inlet is connected with the hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet, the circulating pump is arranged at the low-temperature medium inlet, the temperature sensor is arranged at the heat-exchanged hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet, and the opening of the circulating pump is controlled by the temperature sensor based on the temperature at the heat-exchanged hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet;
the anaerobic fermentation device is provided with a heat-exchange hydrolysis desanding slurry inlet, a methane outlet and a digestive juice outlet, and the heat-exchange hydrolysis desanding slurry inlet is connected with the heat-exchange hydrolysis desanding slurry outlet.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the hydrolysis sand removing device is an above-ground conical bottom structure and comprises a tank body, a conical base and a supporting structure, wherein the tank body is positioned at the upper part of the conical base, the supporting structure is arranged on the side wall of the conical base, the outer surfaces of the tank body and the conical base are respectively provided with the heat insulation layer, the deoiling slurry inlet and the odor outlet are positioned at the upper part of the tank body, the hydrolysis sand removing slurry outlet is positioned at the lower part of the tank body, and the sand discharge port is positioned at the bottom of the conical base.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the taper of the tapered base is 0.8-1.
4. The system of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the anaerobic fermentation device comprises a fermentation tank, a membrane gas holder, a stirrer and a maintenance pit, the fermentation tank is of an underground reinforced concrete structure, the membrane gas holder is hermetically connected with the upper part of the fermentation tank, the stirrer is arranged obliquely downwards, the heat-exchanged hydrolysis desanding slurry inlet and the digestion liquid outlet are positioned at the lower part of the fermentation tank, and the methane outlet is positioned at the upper part of the fermentation tank.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the included angle between the stirrer and the vertical direction is 30-60 degrees, and the membrane type gas tank is a double-layer membrane type air bag.
6. The system of claim 1 or 5, wherein the heat exchange device is a tube-in-tube mud-water heat exchanger.
7. The system of claim 1 or 5, wherein the heat exchanged hydrolysis degritting slurry inlet is connected to the heat exchanged hydrolysis degritting slurry outlet by a feed pump; the hydrolysis desanding device further comprises a first liquid level sensor, and the first liquid level sensor controls the opening degree of the feeding pump based on the liquid level height of the hydrolysis desanding device.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the first level sensor is an ultrasonic level sensor.
9. The system according to claim 1 or 8, wherein the digestive juice outlet is provided with a discharge pump; the anaerobic fermentation device further comprises a second liquid level sensor, and the second liquid level sensor controls the opening degree of the discharge pump based on the liquid level height of the anaerobic fermentation device.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the second level sensor is an ultrasonic level sensor.
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| CN201920412624.2U CN209816109U (en) | 2019-03-28 | 2019-03-28 | Anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109897766A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-18 | 北京云水浩瑞环境科技有限公司 | Anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste system and method |
| CN113444616A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-09-28 | 陈泾涛 | Low impact load type anaerobic digestion system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109897766A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-18 | 北京云水浩瑞环境科技有限公司 | Anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste system and method |
| CN113444616A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-09-28 | 陈泾涛 | Low impact load type anaerobic digestion system |
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