CN209815789U

CN209815789U - Water heater

Info

Publication number: CN209815789U
Application number: CN201821076083.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖国花; 姚振虎; 李水清
Original assignee: AO Smith China Water Heater Co Ltd
Current assignee: AO Smith China Water Heater Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-07-09
Filing date: 2018-07-09
Publication date: 2019-12-20
Anticipated expiration: 2028-07-09

Abstract

The utility model provides a water heater, the water heater includes the inner bag and sets up the device that hinders dirt in the inner bag, it holds the antisludging agent granule in the device to hinder dirt, and every antisludging agent granule weight is 0.1-300mg, the bulk density of unit volume is 0.5-1.5g/cm in the regional that is equipped with the group's scale agent granule among the device that hinders dirt³。

Description

Water heater

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a scale inhibitor granule and water heater. Particularly, the utility model provides a scale inhibitor granule, this scale inhibitor granule have stable leaching rate, can use for a long time under the condition that satisfies the dirty effect of dirt.

Background

The water quality of different areas is different. As the water may contain calcium magnesium plasma, scale may form during use. Particularly in the field of water heaters, scale is more likely to form due to the need to heat water during use. To prevent water scaling, it is often necessary to treat the water with a scale inhibitor. In order to prolong the service time of the scale inhibitor, the scale inhibitor is generally prepared into blocks or granules together with other ingredients in the prior art. However, the scale inhibitor in the prior art has the problems that the scale inhibitor particles or blocks are easy to break, the scale inhibitor is washed away by water, the service life is insufficient and the like.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Technical problem

In the prior art, a scale inhibitor containing a scale inhibitor is generally arranged before a water heater. Before entering the water heater, tap water is softened by the scale inhibitor, so that the water quality is improved, and the service life of the water heater is prolonged. However, the scale inhibitor occupies a certain space and affects the indoor aesthetics, and therefore, development of a novel scale inhibitor is desired. In view of the above, the present inventors have desired to develop a scale inhibitor which can be used not only in a water heater but also in the interior of the water heater. The above problems can be solved if the scale inhibitor can be used inside a water heater.

However, when the scale inhibitor is used inside a water heater, the following problems are encountered. That is, most scale inhibitors are used at normal temperature and are rapidly lost at high temperature. Therefore, when used in a water heater, since the electric water heater is usually maintained at a high temperature for a long time, it is necessary to use a scale inhibitor capable of being used at a high temperature for a long time. In addition, because the scale inhibitor is built in the water heater, ordinary users are difficult to replace the scale inhibitor by themselves, and when the scale inhibitor is exhausted, the scale inhibitor must be supplemented by professional maintenance personnel. This requires that the service life of the scale inhibitor must be long to reduce the inconvenience to the user from frequent replenishment of the scale inhibitor.

Secondly, the scale inhibitor particles are placed in the inner container of the water heater, so that the water storage space of the inner container is occupied, the more the scale inhibitor particles are placed, the longer the service life of the scale inhibitor is, and the larger the space occupied by the inner container is, so that the scale inhibitor particles are expected to be filled in the tank body as small as possible in sufficient quantity, but the overlarge stacking density of the scale inhibitor particles can cause unsmooth water passing, and the scale inhibition effect of the scale inhibitor is also influenced;

the utility model aims at providing a scale inhibitor granule. The purpose of which is to solve the above mentioned technical problems. And simultaneously, the utility model discloses a scale inhibitor granule can prevent that the granule is broken to avoid the scale inhibitor composition to be washed away by rivers. The utility model also aims to prolong the service life of the scale inhibitor particles. In addition, the utility model also provides a scale inhibitor with specific structure. Through making the utility model discloses a scale inhibitor has specific structure, can make the utility model discloses a scale inhibitor evenly releases from the scale inhibitor granule, improves and hinders dirty effect, increase of service life.

The utility model aims at still providing a water heater, built-in antisludging device in its inner bag is equipped with the antisludging agent granule in the antisludging device, has carried out the configuration to the shape of antisludging agent granule, the weight of structure, antisludging agent, the weight isoparametric of adhesive, has guaranteed that jar body is equipped with the antisludging effect and the life-span and occupation space of the preferred that the antisludging agent granule of the regional unit area of antisludging agent granule has are less.

Technical scheme

The utility model provides a scale inhibitor granule, the scale inhibitor granule contains scale inhibitor and adhesive, the content of scale inhibitor is 60% ~ 98%, preferably 60% ~ 95%, the content of adhesive is 2% ~ 40%, preferably 5% ~ 40%, the solubility of scale inhibitor in the aquatic below 90 ℃ is less than 5g/100g, the solubility in the aquatic below 90 ℃ is less than after the adhesive solidification the solubility of scale inhibitor, the granule swelling degree in the aquatic below 90 ℃ is less than 12%, the aquatic degree of hydrolysis below 90 ℃ is less than 1% after the adhesive solidification.

In the scale inhibitor particles of the utility model, the content of the scale inhibitor can be increased to the utmost extent by reducing the content of the adhesive, thereby prolonging the service life of the scale inhibitor particles. However, simply increasing the content of the scale inhibitor results in insufficient strength of the scale inhibitor particles, which are easily broken. For this reason, the inventors found that by selecting a scale inhibitor having a solubility of less than 5g/100g of water and making the solubility of the binder further lower than that of the scale inhibitor while controlling the swelling degree of the scale inhibitor particles in water at 90 ℃ or lower to less than 12% and selecting a binder having a hydrolysis degree of less than 1% in water at 90 ℃ or lower after solidification, it is possible to make the binder maintain its skeletal structure when the scale inhibitor is dissolved out, thereby prolonging the service life of the scale inhibitor particles.

The inventors have also found that when a scale inhibitor having a specific polar group is used, it is possible to interact with a binder to inhibit the expansion rate of the scale inhibitor particles, thereby better solving the technical problems of the present invention. The scale inhibitor may contain at least one of the following polar groups or salts thereof: phosphate, phosphonate, phosphate ester, phosphoryl, carboxyl, and sulfonate. The scale inhibitor is preferably polyphosphate, organic phosphonate, maleic anhydride and polyaspartic acid.

In addition, the utility model also provides a preparation method of the scale inhibitor granule and the scale inhibitor granule with a specific structure.

The scale inhibitor particles of the utility model can only consist of scale inhibitor and adhesive. Under the condition that does not influence the technical effect of the utility model, the scale inhibitor particles can contain other additives.

In order to prolong the service life of the scale inhibitor particles, the proportion of the scale inhibitor and the adhesive is reduced from the center to the outer surface in a gradient manner. With this structure, the scale inhibitor content is small on the outer surface of the scale inhibitor particle, but the contact area of the scale inhibitor and water is large. As the scale inhibitor is dissolved out, the scale inhibitor particles become smaller, the contact area of the scale inhibitor with water also becomes smaller, but the content of the scale inhibitor increases, thereby compensating for the decrease in the dissolution rate caused by the smaller contact area of the scale inhibitor with water. Through the structure, the scale inhibitor can be dissolved out at a uniform rate, and the scale inhibition effect and the service life of scale inhibitor particles are ensured.

As a specific example, the scale inhibitor particle may have a core layer, an intermediate layer and an outer layer, the scale inhibitor of the core layer is 95 wt% to 100 wt%, the binder is 0 to 5 wt%, the scale inhibitor of the intermediate layer is 90 wt% to 95 wt%, and the content of the binder is: 5 to 10 wt.%; the scale inhibitor of the outer layer accounts for 80-90 wt%, and the adhesive accounts for 10-20 wt%.

The utility model also provides a water heater, the water heater includes the inner bag and sets up the anti-scaling device in the inner bag, be equipped with above-mentioned antisludging agent granule in the anti-scaling device.

Technical effects

The utility model discloses the effect of long-term slowly-releasing can be played to the antisludging agent granule, and at the antisludging agent dissolve out the in-process, this antisludging agent granule still can guarantee that the granule skeleton is not broken. In particular, even if the scale inhibitor is used in hot water, the scale inhibitor particles of the utility model can still be used for a long time under the condition of satisfying the scale inhibition effect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of scale inhibitor particles of example 5 of the present invention,

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the inner container of the water heater of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following description will further explain embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples.

The utility model discloses a scale inhibitor granule is through adopting self slightly soluble scale inhibitor, according to weight percent, and it is made by following component: 60% -98%, preferably 60% -95%, binder: 40 to 2%, preferably 5 to 40%. Wherein the scale inhibitor is one or more of slightly soluble scale inhibitors, such as calcium citrate, ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonic acid (EDTMPA) and the like; the adhesive is at least one of epoxy resin, polyacrylate, polyurethane, polyvinyl alcohol and a curing agent thereof.

The utility model also provides a preparation method of the scale inhibitor. The scale inhibitor particles can be formed by roll forming, extrusion rounding, screw extrusion and isostatic pressing. The roll forming preparation steps comprise: and mixing the scale inhibitor, the adhesive and water according to the proportion, and adding the mixture into a ball rolling machine to prepare the mother ball. After the preparation of the cue ball is finished, the cue ball is placed in a ball rolling machine, then the binder and water are sprayed into the ball rolling machine, then the powder is added, the preparation is stopped until the cue ball grows to the required size, and then the cue ball is dried in a drying oven at 60-100 ℃ for 4-12h to obtain the scale inhibitor particles. The screw extrusion method is to knead the above mixed sample in a kneader and mix them uniformly. Then a screw extruder is adopted to prepare a sample, and the sample is dried in a drying oven at 60-100 ℃ for 4-12h to obtain the scale inhibitor particles.

The utility model discloses an adopt self slightly soluble antisludging agent, compound with solidifiable binder, can realize that the antisludging agent granule can exist stably in water treatment process, can not arouse that the antisludging agent granule is broken up because of the excessive dissolution of binder and antisludging agent to can't realize the long-life.

As shown in fig. 2, the inner container 10 of the water heater of the present invention includes a scale inhibition device 20 disposed therein; a certain amount of scale inhibitor particles are filled in the scale inhibition device 20. The weight of each scale inhibitor particle is 0.1-300 mg; the bulk density of the unit volume of the area of the scale inhibitor particle filled with the scale forming agent is 0.5-1.5g/cm³Within the range. The scale inhibitor particles are preferably spherical with a diameter of 0.5-10 mm.

Preferably, the scale inhibitor particle has a core layer and an outer layer covering the core layer, from the outer layer to the core layer, the scale inhibitor particle comprises a scale forming agent and a binder, the weight ratio gradient of the scale inhibitor is increased, and the weight ratio gradient of the binder is decreased; the surface area of each scale inhibitor particle is reduced from large to small from beginning to end of consumption, if the content of the scale inhibitor from the outer layer to the core layer is consistent, the longer the time is, the smaller the content of the scale inhibitor is, and the scale inhibition effect in different time periods is reduced.

Preferably, the scale inhibitor also comprises a middle layer positioned between the core layer and the outer layer, wherein the thickness of the core layer is 0.5-5mm, the thickness of the middle layer is 0.5-5mm, and the thickness of the outer layer is 0.5-5 mm.

The binder in the scale inhibitor particles preferably has a skeleton structure, and after the scale inhibitor in the scale inhibitor particles is consumed, the binder can still be retained in the scale inhibition device, so that the water in the liner is prevented from being polluted.

The scale inhibitor particles are placed in the inner container of the water heater and occupy the water storage space of the inner container, the more the scale inhibitor particles are placed, the longer the service life of the scale inhibitor is, and the more the space occupied by the inner container is, so that the scale inhibitor particles with enough quantity are hopefully filled in the tank body which is as small as possible. However, the excessive stacking density of the scale inhibitor particles can cause unsmooth water passing and also influence the scale inhibition effect of the scale inhibitor; the shape and structure of the scale inhibitor particles, the weight of the scale inhibitor, the weight of the adhesive and other parameters are configured, so that the better scale inhibition effect of the scale inhibitor particles in unit area in the scale inhibition device can be ensured, and meanwhile, the service life is longer and the occupied space is less.

The shape, structure, weight of the scale inhibitor, weight of the adhesive and other parameters of the scale inhibitor particles are designed, so that the scale inhibitor particles in the unit area of the region of the tank body filled with the scale inhibitor particles have better scale inhibition effect, the service life of the tank body is prolonged, and the tank body occupies less space.

Examples

Swelling degree test method

And testing the swelling degree of the scale inhibitor particles under water at different temperatures according to a swelling balance method. 5g of filter material are weighed, placed in 100ml of water respectively and placed at different temperatures for standing. The scale inhibitor particles absorb water during immersion in water. Until the water absorption was balanced, the volume change of the scale inhibitor particles before and after water absorption was tested (V0 before water absorption and V1 after water absorption). The degree of swelling is represented by Q:

Q＝(V1-V0)/V0*100％

on the other hand, the swelling degree of the strip-shaped sample was confirmed by directly using the change in diameter (diameter before water absorption was D0, and diameter after water absorption was D1). The degree of swelling is represented by Q:

Q＝(D1-D0)/D0*100％

hydrolysis degree test method

The degree of hydrolysis was tested by weight loss method. The adhesive is independently solidified according to the required proportion and is not mixed with the powder. After curing, weighing a certain weight of adhesive m1, soaking in certain water at 90 ℃, taking out, drying and weighing at intervals until the weight is unchanged, and calculating the hydrolysis degree according to the following formula when the weight is recorded as m2 after the experiment is finished:

degree of hydrolysis (m1-m2)/m 1%

Dissolution rate test method

The dissolution rate of the scale inhibitor particles was determined by placing 10g of the sample in 100ml of water and measuring the concentration of calcium ions after soaking in water for 30 minutes and 24 hours, respectively.

Water dissolution scale inhibition life test method

And (3) placing 100g of sample in a 10-inch filter flask, starting a water passing experiment, carrying out water passing at a flow rate of 5L/Min, and after 20 tons and 40 tons of water passing, testing the weight loss rate and the static scale inhibition effect, and confirming the service life of the filter material.

Example 1

Calcium citrate is selected as the scale inhibitor in the scale inhibitor particles, and the adhesive is AB type epoxy resin (Hangao company, model: letai 7255). Scale inhibitor: binder 9: 1, adding certain water, scale inhibitor: water 1.5: 1, preparing a strip-shaped particle sample by adopting a screw extrusion mode, wherein the diameter of the sample is 1.5mm, and the length of the sample is 3-5 mm. The calcium citrate has a solubility of 0.1g/100g in water at 25 ℃ and is slightly soluble in water. The samples were tested for swelling and hydrolysis at different temperatures and the results are shown in table 1. When the calcium citrate scale inhibitor pure block is soaked in water at room temperature (25 ℃), 40 ℃ and 90 ℃, the calcium citrate pure block is obviously dissolved. After the scale inhibitor particles of example 1 are soaked in water at room temperature (25 ℃), 40 ℃ and 90 ℃ for 24 hours, compared with the calcium citrate pure block, it can be seen that the scale inhibitor particles of the present application can stably exist in the water solution, so that the waste of the scale inhibitor can be reduced.

While soaking, this application has also tested the stability of antisludging agent granule under different temperatures. Table 1 shows the swelling ratios of the scale inhibitor particles of example 1 after soaking in water at room temperature (25 ℃), 40 ℃ and 90 ℃ for 12 hours and 24 hours, respectively.

Table 1 swelling ratio of the scale inhibitor particles of example 1 at different temperatures and different times

Temperature (. degree.C.)	25	40	90
				Swelling degree (%) after 12 hours of immersion	0.58	0.65	0.65
Swelling degree (%) after 24 hours of immersion	0.6	0.64	0.63

The inventor also tests the adhesive, namely confirms that the adhesive can stably exist in water at different temperatures, thereby realizing the effect that the scale inhibitor is well fixed and cannot be washed away.

The test method is as follows: mixing and crosslinking the epoxy resin A component and the epoxy resin B component, weighing 1g of each crosslinked sample, placing the sample in a beaker, injecting 200ml of water, then respectively placing the sample in room-temperature water (25 ℃ water), 40 ℃ water and 90 ℃ water, standing for 24h, drying and weighing, measuring the weight of the adhesive, wherein the statistical result is shown in Table 2:

TABLE 2 degree of hydrolysis of the adhesive after curing at different temperatures

Temperature (. degree.C.)	Initial weight (g)	Weight (g) after 24h	Degree of hydrolysis (%)
				25	1.0051	1.0048	0.03
40	1.0032	1.0031	0.01
				90	1.0029	1.0027	0.02

It can be seen that the binder, after cross-linking with the AB component, is stable in water and does not hydrolyze upon immersion in water, thereby more stably maintaining the shape and properties of the particles.

The inventors also tested the dissolution rates of the calcium citrate powder and the scale inhibitor particles of example 1, and the test results are shown in table 3. As can be seen from table 3, the scale inhibitor particles of example 1 can exist stably without excessive dissolution.

TABLE 3 comparison of dissolution rates of the scale inhibitor particles with the pure scale inhibitor

Sample name	Block-shaped scale inhibitor	Scale inhibitor particles
			Soaking for 30min solubility (g/100g)	0.055	0.03
Soaking for 24h solubility (g/100g)	0.065	0.03

The inventors have not only studied the state of the scale inhibitor particles in the static state but also evaluated the dissolution life in the water-passing state.

10g of each of the massive scale inhibitor and the granular scale inhibitor is weighed respectively to carry out a water passing experiment. With the prolonging of the water passing time, the amount of the blocky scale inhibitor is greatly reduced, and only a small amount of the blocky scale inhibitor is remained.

After the scale inhibitor particle of example 1 is washed by 5 tons of water, the particle still keeps complete and has perfect appearance.

To better characterize the lifetime, the inventors also weighed the samples after 5 tons of water, with the following results:

after 5 tons of water pass through the blocky scale inhibitor, the weight of the blocky scale inhibitor is 1.53g, and the weight loss is 84.7 percent; after 5 tons of water pass through the scale inhibitor particles in the embodiment 1, the weight of the scale inhibitor particles is 5.89g, and the weight loss is 41.1 percent. Therefore, the life of the scale inhibitor particles of example 1 can be more than twice that of the bulk pure scale inhibitor.

Example 2

The scale inhibitor particles adopt ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonic acid (EDTMPA) as a scale inhibitor. EDTMPA is white crystalline powder at normal temperature, has a melting point of 215-217 ℃, is slightly soluble in water and has a solubility of less than 5% at room temperature. The scale inhibitor has strong capability of chelating metal ions, can well prevent the generation of scale, and has strong water absorption. The adhesive was an AB type epoxy resin (Henkel 7255, Hangao). Scale inhibitor: binder 9: 1, and adding a certain amount of water so that the scale inhibitor: water 1.5: 1. preparing a spherical particle sample by adopting a rolling forming mode, wherein the diameter of the sample is about 3-4 mm. The scale inhibitor particles of example 2 were tested for swelling and degree of hydrolysis at different temperatures and the results are shown in table 4.

Example 3

Calcium citrate is selected from the scale inhibitor particles as the scale inhibitor. The adhesive was an AB type epoxy resin (Henkel 7255, Hangao). Scale inhibitor: binder 7: 3, adding certain water to ensure that the scale inhibitor: water 1.5: 1. Preparing a spherical particle sample by adopting a rolling forming mode, wherein the diameter of the sample is about 3-4 mm. The scale inhibitor particles of example 3 were tested for swelling and degree of hydrolysis at different temperatures and the results are shown in table 4.

Example 4

EDTMPA is selected from the scale inhibitor particles as the scale inhibitor. The adhesive is polyvinyl alcohol, the needed curing agent is synchronously mixed, and certain water is added for mixing. The selected proportion is as follows: scale inhibitor: binder 7: 3, adding certain water, scale inhibitor: water 1.5: 1, preparing a spherical particle sample by adopting a rolling ball method, wherein the diameter of the sample is 1.5 mm. The scale inhibitor particles of example 2 were tested for swelling and degree of hydrolysis at different temperatures and the results are shown in table 4.

Example 5

Scale inhibitor particles were manufactured using the scale inhibitor and the binder in example 1, except that they were prepared as scale inhibitor particles having a multi-layered structure as shown in fig. 1. The particle comprises a core layer 3, a middle layer 2 and an outer layer 1, wherein the scale inhibitor of the core layer 3 accounts for 96 wt%, the adhesive accounts for 4 wt%, and the thickness is 2 mm; the scale inhibitor of the middle layer 2 accounts for 90 wt%, the content of the adhesive accounts for 10 wt%, and the thickness is 2 mm; the scale inhibitor of the outer layer 1 accounts for 85 wt%, the adhesive accounts for 15 wt%, and the thickness is 2 mm. The particles are prepared by a method of preparing the core layer 3, preparing the intermediate layer 2 and finally preparing the outer layer 1. Compared with the example 1, the scale inhibitor particles of the example 5 release the scale inhibitor more uniformly, the weight loss after 5 tons of water is 39.0%, and the service life of the scale inhibitor can be further prolonged. The scale inhibitor particles are put into a scale inhibition tank in the inner container of a water heater, when the scale inhibitor particles are used in the water heater, the good scale inhibition effect can still be kept, and the weight loss is 41.2 percent after 5 tons of water are passed at 70 ℃.

From the above table, it can be seen that when the solubility of the scale inhibitor in water at 90 ℃ or lower is lower than 0.1g/100g, the solubility of the binder in water at 90 ℃ or lower after curing is lower than that of the scale inhibitor, the swelling degree of the particles in water at 90 ℃ or lower is lower than 12%, and the hydrolysis degree of the binder in water at 90 ℃ or lower is lower than 1%, the weight loss of the scale inhibitor after 5 tons of water passes through the scale inhibitor is small, and the service life is longer.

In the above experiment, the scale inhibitor was used in an amount of 10g, and the scale inhibiting effect was provided for about 10 tons of water. The annual water consumption of the water heater of a common user is about 30-50 tons. If 100g of the scale inhibitor of the present invention is used, a scale inhibiting effect can be provided for about 100 tons of water. Therefore, the scale inhibitor of the utility model can be used for more than about 2 years, and the frequency of supplementing the scale inhibitor is greatly reduced.

Claims

1. A water heater comprises an inner container and a scale inhibition device arranged in the inner container, scale inhibitor particles are contained in the scale inhibition device, the weight of each scale inhibitor particle is 0.1-300mg, and scale formation is contained in the scale inhibition deviceThe bulk density per unit volume in the region of the agent particles is 0.5-1.5g/cm³。

2. The water heater of claim 1, wherein the pellets have a core layer and an outer layer surrounding the core layer, the core layer having a thickness of 0.5mm to 5mm, and the outer layer having a thickness of 0.5mm to 5 mm.

3. The water heater of claim 1, wherein the scale inhibitor particles are spherical with a diameter of 0.5-10 mm.