CN209805707U - Wide application range's brushless DC motor control circuit - Google Patents
Wide application range's brushless DC motor control circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN209805707U CN209805707U CN201920597726.6U CN201920597726U CN209805707U CN 209805707 U CN209805707 U CN 209805707U CN 201920597726 U CN201920597726 U CN 201920597726U CN 209805707 U CN209805707 U CN 209805707U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a wide application scope's brushless DC motor control circuit, control chip circuit, independent keyboard circuit, motor drive circuit, feedback circuit and power supply circuit, the utility model discloses a motor drive circuit controls DC motor, feedback circuit is real-time feeds back DC motor's rotational speed to control chip, then control chip compares DC motor's real-time rotational speed with predetermineeing the rotational speed, generate corresponding pulse waveform through predetermineeing closed-loop control regulation algorithm, send to motor drive circuit, come to adjust DC motor's rotational speed, thereby make DC motor can the constant speed operation, and can prevent DC motor overcurrent or excess temperature through excess temperature protection circuit and overcurrent protection circuit, improve DC motor's security.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of control of direct current brushless motors, in particular to a direct current brushless motor control circuit with a wide application range.
Background
the control system of the traditional direct current brushless motor is mainly controlled by an analog device, but the analog device is easy to age, the reliability of the system is low, and the normal operation of the brushless motor is influenced.
However, the ac brushed motor in the existing market lacks an accurate, flexible and effective control system, and often shows the disadvantages of large motor size, heavy weight, poor adaptability, low control precision, unstable oil pressure, large power loss, short service life of carbon brush and commutator, and the like.
In recent years, under the influence of intelligent high technology, microcomputer processing and large-scale integrated circuits are well developed, so that the defects of a traditional analog system are overcome, various complex controls can be effectively completed, the control flow is simplified, and the control efficiency is improved.
for example, chinese patent No. CN205356206U discloses a control system for a high-power dc brushless motor, which includes an EMC circuit, a PTC and NTC circuit, a bridge rectifier circuit, a filter energy storage circuit, an overcurrent protection circuit, a step-down protection circuit, a motor drive circuit, an IGB drive circuit, a photoelectric isolation circuit, a signal commutation circuit, and a main controller control circuit. The utility model provides a pair of four kinds of voltage size of high-power DC brushless motor's control system output +310DC, +15VDC, +12VDC and +5VDC, the voltage output ripple is little, in order to guarantee the utility model provides a pair of high-power DC brushless motor's control system normally works, and the reliability is high, and system load capacity is strong, the operation low power dissipation, production low cost. Its aim at of this patent can provide four kinds of different direct current output voltage, and it can't carry out constant speed control to the rotational speed of motor, and lacks corresponding excess temperature protection circuit, can't monitor the early warning to the inside temperature of motor in the course of the work, and the working life of motor etc. lacks the guarantee.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a direct current brushless motor control circuit with a wide application range, and the direct current brushless motor control circuit is used for solving the problems that a direct current brushless motor is lack of accurate control and a protection mechanism is lack when the motor works.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A wide-application-range direct-current brushless motor control circuit comprises: the control chip circuit, the independent keyboard circuit, the motor driving circuit, the feedback circuit and the power circuit;
the motor driving circuit comprises a three-phase inverter circuit, a driving chip circuit, an overcurrent protection circuit and an overtemperature protection circuit, wherein a driving chip is arranged in the driving chip circuit, a control chip is arranged in the control chip circuit, the driving chip is connected with a direct current brushless motor and the control chip, and the feedback circuit is connected with the direct current brushless motor;
A pulse width modulation generator is arranged in the control chip, the control chip receives the rotating speed of the direct current brushless motor fed back by the feedback circuit, compares the rotating speed with a preset rotating speed, generates a corresponding pulse waveform through the pulse width modulation generator according to a preset closed-loop control and regulation algorithm, and sends the pulse waveform to the driving chip;
the driving chip adjusts the rotating speed of the direct current brushless motor according to the pulse waveform;
The independent keyboard circuit is connected with the control chip and used for generating a control signal to be sent to the control chip and controlling the working state of the direct current brushless motor through the control chip;
The over-temperature protection circuit is connected with the driving chip and used for collecting the temperature of the direct current brushless motor and judging whether the temperature exceeds a preset temperature or not, and if so, sending an over-temperature signal to the driving chip;
The overcurrent protection circuit is connected with the three-phase inverter circuit, collects the current of a current detecting resistor in the three-phase inverter circuit, judges whether the current exceeds a preset current or not, and sends an overcurrent signal to the driving chip if the current exceeds the preset current;
the power supply circuit is used for providing input power for the control chip, the motor driving circuit and the feedback circuit.
preferably, the independent keyboard circuit is provided with a first key, a second key, a third key, a fourth key and a fifth key, the control chip is provided with a plurality of I/O interfaces, the first key, the second key, the third key, the fourth key and the fifth key are respectively connected with one I/O interface, and a resistor is connected between each key and the corresponding I/O interface.
Preferably, the control chip is provided with an interrupt interface, the interrupt interface is connected with a first and gate, the first and gate is connected with a second and gate, a third and gate and a fourth and gate, the second and gate is further connected with the fifth key, the third and gate is further connected with the third key and the fourth key, and the fourth and gate is further connected with the first key and the second key.
Preferably, driver chip includes first driver chip, second driver chip and third driver chip, three-phase inverter circuit includes bridge type MOS tubular circuit, bridge type MOS tubular circuit includes that first MOS nest of tubes, second MOS nest of tubes and third MOS nest of tubes, first driver chip passes through first MOS nest of tubes is connected with DC brushless motor's first three-phase input port, second driver chip passes through second MOS nest of tubes is connected with DC brushless motor's second three-phase input port, third driver chip passes through third MOS nest of tubes is connected with DC brushless motor's third three-phase input port.
Preferably, a third diode is arranged between the third pin and the sixth pin of the first driver chip, a second diode is arranged between the third pin and the sixth pin of the second driver chip, and a first diode is arranged between the third pin and the sixth pin of the third driver chip.
Preferably, the over-temperature protection circuit comprises a temperature detection circuit and an alarm circuit,
The temperature detection circuit comprises a thermistor and a first voltage comparator, the thermistor is connected with the homodromous input end of the first voltage comparator, the reverse input end of the first voltage comparator is connected with an input power supply, the output end of the first voltage comparator is connected with the eleventh pin of the first driving chip,
the alarm circuit comprises an alarm device and a seventh triode, wherein the base electrode of the seventh triode is connected with the output end of the first voltage comparator, the collector electrode of the seventh triode is connected with an input power supply, the emitter electrode of the seventh triode is connected with the input end of the alarm device, and the output end of the alarm device is grounded;
The input end of the alarm device is also connected with the output end of a fourth diode, and the input end of the fourth diode is connected with the output end of the alarm device.
Preferably, a twenty-sixth current-limiting resistor is arranged between the base of the seventh triode and the output end of the first voltage comparator, and a twenty-seventh current-limiting resistor is arranged between the emitter of the seventh triode and the input end of the alarm device.
Preferably, the overcurrent protection circuit includes a voltage amplifier and a second voltage comparator, a unidirectional input end of the voltage amplifier is connected to one end of a current detection resistor in the three-phase inverter circuit, an output end of the second voltage amplifier is connected to a unidirectional input end of the second voltage comparator, and an output end of the second voltage comparator is connected to an eleventh pin of the third driver chip.
Preferably, the overcurrent protection circuit is further provided with a twenty-ninth resistor and a fifth light emitting diode, one end of the twenty-ninth resistor is connected with the output end of the second voltage comparator, the other end of the twenty-ninth resistor is connected with the input end of the fifth light emitting diode, and the output end of the fifth light emitting diode is connected with the reverse input end of the second voltage comparator and then grounded.
preferably, the power circuit comprises a transformer, a bridge rectifier circuit, a filter circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit, the filter circuit comprises a fifteenth electrolytic capacitor and a thirty-th resistor, the voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing chip, a seventh diode is arranged between an output end and an input end of the voltage stabilizing chip, the output end of the voltage stabilizing chip is further connected with one end of a thirty-first resistor, the other end of the thirty-first resistor is connected with an input end of an eighth diode and an adjustable port of the voltage stabilizing chip, the adjustable port of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected with an adjusting resistor, the other end of the adjusting resistor is grounded, and the output end of the eighth diode is connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizing chip.
By adopting the invention, the control chip can acquire the real-time rotating speed of the direct current motor from the feedback circuit through a closed-loop control adjusting algorithm, so that the rotating speed of the motor is adjusted in real time according to the preset rotating speed, the constant-speed rotation of the motor is ensured, meanwhile, the overcurrent protection circuit is arranged to monitor the current flowing through the motor, the control chip is fed back to prevent the current flowing through the motor and the motor driving circuit from being overlarge, the overtemperature protection current is arranged to monitor the temperature of the motor driving circuit, and when the temperature of the motor driving circuit is continuously increased, the change of the temperature can be fed back to the drive control chip to stop the operation of the motor in time. The safety reliability and the stability of the motor are enhanced, and the whole control system has an autonomous fault processing function.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a control chip circuit, an independent keyboard circuit and a feedback circuit of a wide-application-range dc brushless motor control circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a motor drive circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of an over-current protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a voltage amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic current diagram of an over-temperature protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
example one
referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment provides a wide-application-range dc brushless motor control circuit, including:
The control chip circuit, the independent keyboard circuit, the motor driving circuit, the feedback circuit and the power circuit;
The motor driving circuit comprises a three-phase inverter circuit, a driving chip circuit, an overcurrent protection circuit and an overtemperature protection circuit, wherein a driving chip is arranged in the driving chip circuit, a control chip is arranged in the control chip circuit, the driving chip is connected with a direct current brushless motor and the control chip, and a feedback circuit is connected with the direct current brushless motor;
a pulse width modulation generator is arranged in the control chip, the control chip receives the rotating speed of the direct current brushless motor fed back by the feedback circuit, compares the rotating speed with a preset rotating speed, generates a corresponding pulse waveform through the pulse width modulation generator according to a preset closed-loop control and regulation algorithm, and sends the pulse waveform to the driving chip;
The driving chip adjusts the rotating speed of the direct current brushless motor according to the pulse waveform;
The independent keyboard circuit is connected with the control chip and used for generating a control signal and sending the control signal to the control chip, and the control chip controls the working state of the direct current brushless motor;
The over-temperature protection circuit is connected with the driving chip and used for collecting the temperature of the motor driving circuit and judging whether the temperature exceeds a preset temperature or not, and if so, sending an over-temperature signal to the driving chip;
The overcurrent protection circuit is connected with the three-phase inverter circuit, collects the current of a current detection resistor in the three-phase inverter circuit, judges whether the current exceeds a preset current or not, and sends an overcurrent signal to the driving chip if the current exceeds the preset current;
the power supply circuit is used for providing input power supply for the control chip, the motor driving circuit and the feedback circuit.
In this embodiment, the control chip is a single chip microcomputer, an AT-series single chip microcomputer is adopted, the model number of the single chip microcomputer is AT89C52, the rotation speed of the dc brushless motor is controlled through the single chip microcomputer AT89C52, the constant-speed rotation of the dc motor is realized, and correspondingly, in other embodiments, other series single chip microcomputers such as STC can be adopted as the control chip.
Fig. 1 shows a single chip AT89C52, and a reset circuit, a clock circuit and an independent keyboard circuit connected to some pins of the single chip AT.
firstly, the clock circuit is connected with 18 feet XTAL2 and 19 feet XTAL1 of the single chip microcomputer AT89C52, the clock circuit comprises a crystal oscillator X1 and two capacitors C1 and C2, and the connection mode of the crystal oscillator X1 and the two capacitors C1 and C2 is shown in FIG. 1.
The crystal oscillator X1 is a 12MHZ crystal oscillator, and the capacitors C1 and C2 are 22pF capacitors.
the clock circuit has the function that when the single chip microcomputer AT89C52 circuit is powered on, the clock circuit starts oscillation work to provide continuous clock pulse for the single chip microcomputer AT89C52, the frequency of the crystal oscillator determines the frequency of the clock circuit, and the clock frequency determines the frequency of one cycle of operation of the single chip microcomputer.
therefore, in this embodiment, one clock cycle of the clock circuit is 1/12us, and one machine cycle is 12 clock cycles, i.e., 1 us.
Next, the reset circuit in fig. 1 includes a resistor R1 and a capacitor C3, which are connected to the pins 9 and 31 of the single chip, and the specific circuit connection manner of the resistor R1 and the capacitor C3 can be directly and intuitively understood from fig. 1, which is not described in detail herein.
Wherein, resistance R1 is 10K, electric capacity C3 is 10uF, resistance R1 constitutes an RC circuit with electric capacity C3, reset circuit's effect is just to restore the circuit to initial condition, the circuit charges electrolytic capacitor through circular telegram in the twinkling of an eye, because electrolytic capacitor's voltage can not break suddenly, be equivalent to the short circuit in the twinkling of an eye, namely 5V high level leads to on singlechip AT89C52 resets the foot, the electric capacity is the charging process slowly, the voltage on the foot that resets can slowly reduce, as long as the high level time on the foot that resets keeps AT 2 microseconds and can reliably reset.
In fig. 1, the single-chip AT89C52 further has a P1 port (i.e., 1-8 pins), and in this embodiment, the independent keyboard circuit has five keys, i.e., a first key, a second key, a third key, a fourth key and a fifth key, each of which is connected to one I/O port of the P1 port.
in this embodiment, the first button is a start button, i.e., the motor is controlled to start rotating, the second button is an acceleration button, the third button is a deceleration button, the fourth button is a turn button, and the fifth button is a stop button.
And an exclusion RP1 is connected between each key and the corresponding I/O port.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, a key detection circuit is connected between each of the five keys and an I/O port of a P1 port of the single chip AT89C52, wherein the key detection circuit includes a first and gate U10: a, a second and gate U11: a, a third and gate U11: B, and a fourth and gate U11: C.
the external interrupt interface 0(INT0) of the single-chip AT89C52 is used for key detection, an interrupt trigger circuit is formed by the four AND gates, and when any key is pressed down, the TAP end of the first AND gate U10: A generates a falling edge to trigger interrupt.
The five keys are different I/O interfaces, so that the five keys can be mutually independent, and the work of each key does not influence the states of other I/O interface lines.
fig. 1 shows a dc brushless motor M1 and a feedback circuit connected thereto, where the feedback circuit includes a chip U5, whose model is AD1674, and the connection manner of the dc brushless motor M1 and the components of the feedback circuit can be intuitively understood from fig. 1, and is not repeated herein.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a motor driving circuit, which includes a three-phase inverter circuit, an over-temperature protection circuit, an over-current protection circuit, and a driving chip circuit.
the driving chips in this embodiment include three driving chips, which are the first driving chip U17, the second driving chip U14, and the third driving chip U13, and the second driving chip U14 and the third driving chip U13 can refer to the over-temperature protection circuit in fig. 5 and the over-current protection circuit in fig. 3.
A third diode D3 is arranged between the third pin VC and the sixth pin VB of the first driving chip U17, a second diode D2 is arranged between the third pin VC and the sixth pin VB of the second driving chip U14, and a first diode D1 is arranged between the third pin VC and the sixth pin VB of the third driving chip U13.
The three-phase inverter circuit in fig. 2 includes a bridge MOS transistor circuit, and the bridge MOS transistor circuit includes a first MOS transistor group, a second MOS transistor group, and a third MOS transistor group.
The first MOS tube group is a MOS tube Q1 and a MOS tube Q4 in fig. 2; the second MOS transistor group is a MOS transistor Q2 and a MOS transistor Q5 in fig. 2; the third MOS transistor group is a MOS transistor Q3 and a MOS transistor Q6 in fig. 2.
Firstly, the common end a of the MOS transistor Q1 and the MOS transistor Q4 is connected to the first three-phase input port a of the dc brushless motor M1 in fig. 6; the common end B of the MOS transistor Q2 and the MOS transistor Q5 is connected with a second three-phase input port B of the brushless DC motor M1 in FIG. 6; a common terminal C of the MOS transistor Q3 and the MOS transistor Q6 is connected to a third three-phase input port C of the dc brushless motor M1 in fig. 6.
Secondly, a resistor R7 is disposed between the seventh pin HO of the first driver chip U17 and the MOS transistor Q1, and a resistor R10 is disposed between the first pin LO of the first driver chip U17 and the MOS transistor Q4, and accordingly, a resistor R8, a resistor R11, a resistor R9, and a resistor R12 are also disposed.
the MOS transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5 and Q6 are field effect transistors, the type of the field effect transistors is SMP60N06, the field effect transistors can bear limit voltage 60V and limit current 60A, and the main functions of the field effect transistors are current amplification and switching action.
the model of the third driver chip U13, the second driver chip U14 and the first driver chip U17 is IR 2112.
The IR2112 is a dual-channel, grid-driven, high-voltage and high-speed power driver, the device adopts a highly integrated level conversion technology to greatly simplify the control requirements of logic levels on a power device, simultaneously improves the reliability of a driving circuit, reduces the size of a control transformer and the number of power supplies in engineering, reduces the product cost and improves the system reliability.
Pin HIN of the second driver chip U14 in fig. 2 is logic input high; LIN is logic input low; VB is high-end floating supply; HO is the high side gate driver output; vs is the high-end floating supply return; VOC is a power supply; LO is the low-side gate driver output; COM is a public end. Wherein the SD pin has a function of turning off the chip at a high level.
taking the second driver chip U14 as an example, when the pin VH is at a high level, the MOS transistors Q2 and Q5 are turned on, and at a low level, the MOS transistors Q2 and Q5 are turned off, similarly to VL. Accordingly, the same is true of the first driver chip U17 and the third driver chip U13.
The switching and the conduction of the MOS tubes Q1-Q6 are changed by continuously changing the levels of two pins, namely a HIN pin and a LIN pin of the first driving chip U17, the second driving chip U14 and the third driving chip U13, and the operation of the motor is controlled by utilizing the closing and the conduction time of the switches of the MOS tubes Q1-Q6.
the theory of operation of this embodiment is through the current real-time rotational speed of single chip microcomputer AT89C52 through feedback circuit collection DC brushless motor, compare DC brushless motor's real-time rotational speed with predetermineeing the rotational speed (expecting the rotational speed promptly), when DC brushless motor's real-time rotational speed is inequality with predetermineeing the rotational speed, single chip microcomputer AT89C52 calculates through closed-loop PID algorithm (predetermineeing closed-loop control adjustment algorithm in this application promptly), rethread PWM generator module (the pulse width modulation generator in this application promptly) generates the PWM ripples, send to driver chip, driver chip is according to the PWM wave form, again adjust DC brushless motor's rotational speed, thereby realize that DC motor's speed keeps AT predetermineeing the rotational speed, reach the purpose that makes DC motor constant speed rotation.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of an over-temperature protection circuit, which includes a temperature detection circuit and an alarm circuit.
The temperature detection circuit comprises a thermistor RT1, a twenty-third resistor R23 and a first voltage comparator U18: A, wherein the same-direction input end of the thermistor RT1 is connected with the same-direction input end of the first voltage comparator U18: A, the reverse-direction input end of the first voltage comparator U18: A is connected with an input power supply, the output end of the first voltage comparator U18: A is connected with the eleventh pin of the first driving chip U17,
the thermistor RT1 and the twenty-third resistor R23 divide the +5V input power supply, and the voltage obtained by the thermistor RT1 is larger when the temperature rises, and the voltage is the same-direction input end of the first voltage comparator U18: A.
The reverse input end of the first voltage comparator U18: A is connected with a twenty-second resistor R22 and a twenty-third resistor R23.
The alarm circuit comprises an alarm device LS1 and a seventh triode Q7, wherein the base electrode of the seventh triode Q7 is connected with the output end of a first voltage comparator U18, the collector electrode of the seventh triode Q7 is connected with an input power supply, the emitter electrode of the seventh triode Q7 is connected with the input end of the alarm device, and the output end of the alarm device LS1 is grounded;
The input end of the alarm device LS1 is further connected to the output end of a fourth diode D4, and the input end of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the output end of the alarm device LS 1.
A twenty-sixth current-limiting resistor R26 is arranged between the base electrode of the seventh triode Q7 and the output end of the first voltage comparator U18, and a twenty-seventh current-limiting resistor R27 is arranged between the emitter electrode of the seventh triode Q7 and the input end of the alarm device LS 1.
When the seventh triode Q7 is turned on, power is supplied to the alarm device LS1, so that a conduction current flows through the alarm device LS1, and the alarm device LS1 gives an audible alarm.
The fourth diode D4 is a follow current tube, and the alarm device LS1 can be prevented from bearing reverse current impact by arranging the fourth diode D4, when no current flows through the alarm device LS1, the follow current tube can be connected with the current when the alarm device LS1 is switched off, and the impact of the reverse current received by the alarm device LS1 is reduced.
The twenty-seventh resistor R27 is a current-limiting resistor with the resistance value of 100 omega, and the current flowing to the alarm device LS1 is prevented from being too large and damaging circuits and components by arranging the current-limiting resistor.
referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 shows a circuit schematic of the overcurrent protection circuit.
The overcurrent protection circuit comprises a voltage amplifier U15: A and a second voltage comparator U16: A, wherein the same-direction input end of the voltage amplifier U15: A is connected with one end of a current detection resistor R16 in the three-phase inverter circuit, the output end of the voltage amplifier U15: A is connected with the same-direction input end of a second voltage comparator U16: A, and the output end of the second voltage comparator U16: A is connected with an eleventh pin SD of a third driving chip U13.
the overcurrent protection circuit is also provided with a twenty-ninth resistor R29 and a fifth light-emitting diode D5, one end of the twenty-ninth resistor R29 is connected with the output end of the second voltage comparator U16: A, the other end of the twenty-ninth resistor R3526 is connected with the input end of the fifth light-emitting diode D5, and the output end of the fifth light-emitting diode D5 is connected with the reverse input end of the second voltage comparator U16: A and then grounded.
the model of the voltage amplifier U15: A is LM324, the model of the voltage comparator is LM358, the fifth light-emitting diode D5 is used for alarming and prompting, and if the output of the second voltage comparator U16: A is high level, the fifth light-emitting diode D5 is lightened to play a role in prompting.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is an example, i.e., an operation principle example of the voltage amplifier.
Wherein, the output voltage Uo:
In the above formula, RRFthe resistor R19 in FIG. 3 has a resistance of 10K, R represents the resistor R18 in FIG. 3 and has a resistance of 10K, U1 represents the detection in the three-phase inverter circuitThe voltage of the current resistor R16.
the output voltage Uo is the inverting input terminal of the second voltage comparator U16: a in fig. 3, and the reference voltage Uref is the inverting input terminal of the second voltage comparator U16: a in fig. 3. If the voltage of the equidirectional input end is higher than that of the reverse input end, the second voltage comparator U16 outputs high level, if the voltage of the equidirectional input end is lower than that of the reverse input end, the low level is output, and the fifth light-emitting diode D5 is lightened to achieve the alarm effect. The eleventh pin SD of the driver chip U13 is then activated by a high level to shut down the operation of the chip.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit.
The power supply circuit comprises a transformer TR1, a bridge rectifier circuit BR1, a filter circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit, the filter circuit comprises a fifteenth electrolytic capacitor C15 and a thirtieth resistor R30, the voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing chip U20, a seventh diode D7 is arranged between the output end and the input end of the voltage stabilizing chip U20, the output end of the voltage stabilizing chip U20 is further connected with one end of a thirty-first resistor R31, the other end of the thirty-first resistor R31 is connected with an eighth diode D8 input end and an adjustable port ADJ of the voltage stabilizing chip U20, the adjustable port ADJ of the voltage stabilizing chip U20 is connected with an adjusting resistor RV1, the other end of the adjusting resistor RV1 is grounded, and the output end of the eighth diode D8 is connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizing chip.
The power circuit is connected with 220V alternating current, and the alternating current is converted into direct current through a transformer TR1 and a diode bridge rectifier circuit BR 1. The core of the voltage stabilizing chip U20 with the model number LM317L is that the output voltage range of the voltage stabilizing chip U20 is 1.25-37V, and the maximum load current is 1.5A.
The voltage regulator chip U20 is very simple to use, and only two external resistors are needed to set the output voltage, as shown in fig. 6, taking the thirty-first resistor R31 and the adjusting resistor RV1 in the power circuit as an example, taking the resistance of the thirty-first resistor R31 as 200 Ω, the following calculation is performed:
I.e., RV1, is 5900 Ω.
The output voltage of the power supply circuit can be adjusted to a voltage value between 18V and 37V by adjusting the ratio of the thirty-first R31 to the adjusting resistor RV1, so that the most common 18V, 24V and 36V direct-current brushless motors can be met.
In addition, in order to ensure that the voltage regulation chip U20 is not burnt in the reverse connection state, seventh and eighth 1N4003 protection diodes D7 and D8 are connected between the input and output terminals and the output and regulation terminals, respectively.
through closed-loop control regulation algorithm, control chip can follow feedback circuit and acquire direct current motor's real-time rotational speed, thereby according to predetermineeing the rotational speed, real-time rotational speed to the motor is adjusted, guarantee motor constant speed and rotate, it can monitor the electric current size of the motor of flowing through to set up the overcurrent protection circuit simultaneously, feedback control chip, prevent that the electric current of the motor of flowing through is too big, and set up the inside temperature of overtemperature protection current monitoring motor, when the inside temperature of motor constantly risees, can feed back temperature information to control chip, the rotational speed of following accent motor, the fail safe nature and the stability of motor have been strengthened, make whole control system possess autonomic fault handling function. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A wide-application-range direct-current brushless motor control circuit is characterized by comprising: the control chip circuit, the independent keyboard circuit, the motor driving circuit, the feedback circuit and the power circuit;
The motor driving circuit comprises a three-phase inverter circuit, a driving chip circuit, an overcurrent protection circuit and an overtemperature protection circuit, wherein a driving chip is arranged in the driving chip circuit, a control chip is arranged in the control chip circuit, the driving chip is connected with a direct current brushless motor and the control chip, and the feedback circuit is connected with the direct current brushless motor;
A pulse width modulation generator is arranged in the control chip, the control chip receives the rotating speed of the direct current brushless motor fed back by the feedback circuit, compares the rotating speed with a preset rotating speed, generates a corresponding pulse waveform through the pulse width modulation generator according to a preset closed-loop control and regulation algorithm, and sends the pulse waveform to the driving chip;
The driving chip adjusts the rotating speed of the direct current brushless motor according to the pulse waveform;
The independent keyboard circuit is connected with the control chip and used for generating a control signal to be sent to the control chip and controlling the working state of the direct current brushless motor through the control chip;
The over-temperature protection circuit is connected with the driving chip and used for collecting the temperature of the motor driving circuit and judging whether the temperature exceeds a preset temperature or not, and if so, sending an over-temperature signal to the driving chip;
the overcurrent protection circuit is connected with the three-phase inverter circuit, collects the current of a current detecting resistor in the three-phase inverter circuit, judges whether the current exceeds a preset current or not, and sends an overcurrent signal to the driving chip if the current exceeds the preset current;
The power supply circuit is used for providing input power for the control chip, the motor driving circuit and the feedback circuit.
2. The wide-application-range direct-current brushless motor control circuit according to claim 1, wherein the independent keyboard circuit is provided with a first key, a second key, a third key, a fourth key and a fifth key, the control chip is provided with a plurality of I/O interfaces, the first key, the second key, the third key, the fourth key and the fifth key are respectively connected with one I/O interface, and a resistor is connected between each key and the corresponding I/O interface.
3. the wide-application-range direct current brushless motor control circuit according to claim 2, wherein the control chip has an interrupt interface, the interrupt interface is connected with a first and gate, the first and gate is connected with a second and gate, a third and gate and a fourth and gate, the second and gate is further connected with the fifth key, the third and gate is further connected with the third key and the fourth key, and the fourth and gate is further connected with the first key and the second key.
4. The wide-application-range direct-current brushless motor control circuit according to claim 1, wherein the driving chips include a first driving chip, a second driving chip, and a third driving chip, the three-phase inverter circuit includes a bridge MOS transistor circuit, the bridge MOS transistor circuit includes a first MOS transistor group, a second MOS transistor group, and a third MOS transistor group, the first driving chip is connected to the first three-phase input port of the direct-current brushless motor through the first MOS transistor group, the second driving chip is connected to the second three-phase input port of the direct-current brushless motor through the second MOS transistor group, and the third driving chip is connected to the third three-phase input port of the direct-current brushless motor through the third MOS transistor group.
5. The wide-application-range brushless dc motor control circuit of claim 4, wherein a third diode is disposed between the third pin and the sixth pin of the first driver chip, a second diode is disposed between the third pin and the sixth pin of the second driver chip, and a first diode is disposed between the third pin and the sixth pin of the third driver chip.
6. the wide-application-range direct-current brushless motor control circuit according to claim 4, wherein the over-temperature protection circuit comprises a temperature detection circuit and an alarm circuit,
The temperature detection circuit comprises a thermistor and a first voltage comparator, the thermistor is connected with the homodromous input end of the first voltage comparator, the reverse input end of the first voltage comparator is connected with an input power supply, the output end of the first voltage comparator is connected with the eleventh pin of the first driving chip,
The alarm circuit comprises an alarm device and a seventh triode, wherein the base electrode of the seventh triode is connected with the output end of the first voltage comparator, the collector electrode of the seventh triode is connected with an input power supply, the emitter electrode of the seventh triode is connected with the input end of the alarm device, and the output end of the alarm device is grounded;
The input end of the alarm device is also connected with the output end of a fourth diode, and the input end of the fourth diode is connected with the output end of the alarm device.
7. The wide-application-range brushless dc motor control circuit according to claim 6, wherein a twenty-sixth current-limiting resistor is disposed between the base of the seventh triode and the output terminal of the first voltage comparator, and a twenty-seventh current-limiting resistor is disposed between the emitter of the seventh triode and the input terminal of the alarm device.
8. The wide-application-range brushless dc motor control circuit according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the over-current protection circuit includes a voltage amplifier and a second voltage comparator, a same-direction input end of the voltage amplifier is connected to one end of a current-detecting resistor in the three-phase inverter circuit, an output end of the second voltage amplifier is connected to a same-direction input end of the second voltage comparator, and an output end of the second voltage comparator is connected to an eleventh pin of a third driver chip.
9. the wide-application-range brushless dc motor control circuit of claim 8, wherein the over-current protection circuit further comprises a twenty-ninth resistor and a fifth led, one end of the twenty-ninth resistor is connected to the output terminal of the second voltage comparator, the other end of the twenty-ninth resistor is connected to the input terminal of the fifth led, and the output terminal of the fifth led is connected to the inverting input terminal of the second voltage comparator and then grounded.
10. The wide-application-range direct-current brushless motor control circuit according to claim 1, wherein the power supply circuit includes a transformer, a bridge rectifier circuit, a filter circuit, and a voltage regulator circuit, the filter circuit includes a fifteenth electrolytic capacitor and a thirtieth resistor, the voltage regulator circuit includes a voltage regulator chip, a seventh diode is disposed between an output end and an input end of the voltage regulator chip, an output end of the voltage regulator chip is further connected with one end of a thirty-first resistor, another end of the thirty-first resistor is connected with an input end of an eighth diode and an adjustable port of the voltage regulator chip, the adjustable port of the voltage regulator chip is connected with an adjusting resistor, another end of the adjusting resistor is grounded, and an output end of the eighth diode is connected with an output end of the voltage regulator chip.
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| CN201920597726.6U CN209805707U (en) | 2019-04-28 | 2019-04-28 | Wide application range's brushless DC motor control circuit |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110212815A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-09-06 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of Brush-Less DC motor control circuit of the width scope of application |
| CN113384217A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2021-09-14 | 青岛海尔洗衣机有限公司 | Alarm control method of shoe washing equipment and shoe washing equipment |
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2019
- 2019-04-28 CN CN201920597726.6U patent/CN209805707U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110212815A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-09-06 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of Brush-Less DC motor control circuit of the width scope of application |
| CN113384217A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2021-09-14 | 青岛海尔洗衣机有限公司 | Alarm control method of shoe washing equipment and shoe washing equipment |
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