CN209805086U - High-peak power low-frequency passive mode-locking ultrafast laser - Google Patents
High-peak power low-frequency passive mode-locking ultrafast laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN209805086U CN209805086U CN201920153228.2U CN201920153228U CN209805086U CN 209805086 U CN209805086 U CN 209805086U CN 201920153228 U CN201920153228 U CN 201920153228U CN 209805086 U CN209805086 U CN 209805086U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a passive mode locking ultrafast laser of high peak power low frequency, it is including end mirror, laser gain medium, optical fiber unit, mode locker and the output coupler that sets up in order, the optic fibre both ends are provided with the mode field adapter. The laser gain medium plays a role in generating and amplifying photons, the core area of the optical fiber unit is hundreds to thousands of square microns, the optical fiber unit has low nonlinearity and a high damage threshold, the two mode field adapters are connected with the optical fiber unit, only the fundamental mode LP01 is guaranteed to be coupled through free space, meanwhile, the energy of the higher-order mode can be recovered to the fundamental mode, the output coupler can enable light to be reflected to form a laser cavity, and a part of the impinging light can be extracted from the laser cavity to form laser output. The ultrafast laser has high peak power, low repetition frequency, easy manufacture and low manufacture cost, and can directly generate ultrafast laser with high repetition frequency and high strength from hundreds of KHz to 1MHz without pulse selection and amplification.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the laser instrument, a ultrafast laser is related to, specifically speaking relates to a high peak power low frequency passive mode locking ultrafast laser.
Background
With the development of consumer electronics, novel displays and other applications, the requirement for the fineness of laser processing is higher and higher, and ultrafast laser becomes an important direction of industry attention. The ultrafast laser is a laser with pulse width in femtosecond and picosecond magnitude based on mode locking technologies such as SESAM and Kerr lens, and is suitable for various scientific researches and industrial applications, for example, the ultrafast laser can remove nano-level materials and does not generate heat effect, so that the ultrafast laser is called as 'cold' processing in the true sense, and laser pulse with peak power up to micro-focus level can generate a strong magnetic field near a processing area of the material, which provides possibility for verifying the physics theory of the high electromagnetic field.
At present, the industrial laser product has a complex structure and a high price, and a power oscillator with pulse energy from nano coke to skin coke is usually adopted, and the micro-coke level, namely the energy level required by material processing, is reached after several-stage amplification. In order to solve the above technical problems, the industry has gradually developed a laser having an ultrafast laser oscillator, the ultrafast laser oscillator having a repetition frequency in the range of 40MHz to 100MHz and a suitable cavity length, capable of satisfying the requirement that the pump laser outputs a proper gain through the active fiber, and simultaneously capable of balancing fiber dispersion and nonlinear characteristics, which are essential for generating ultrafast laser pulses.
lasers with repetition frequencies of hundreds to 1MHz are commonly used in industry, laser in the frequency range can improve the processing efficiency of materials, improve the signal-to-noise ratio in the scientific research process, and simultaneously, the waste heat of the previous pulse can be dissipated. However, in order to reduce the repetition rate of the laser, the laser needs to have a long cavity, which has negative effects such as fiber dispersion, nonlinear effects, optical loss, thermal and mechanical instability.
To compensate for the gap between the repetition rate achieved by laser production and that required for practical applications, it is currently common to employ a pulse selector module between the laser oscillator and its amplifier stage to change the ultrafast pulse repetition rate and mode of the oscillator, as shown in fig. 1. Marchese et al used fiber mode-locked free space, disk laser and a multi-channel cavity to extend the length of the resonator to about 37 meters, implementing a 4MHz, 791fs, single pulse energy 11.3 muj ultrafast laser, avoiding pulse selector and multi-stage laser amplifier due to its long resonant cavity. This method is the first method to directly generate high power, low repetition rate ultrafast pulses, however, practical production of such laser structures is hindered by the thermal and mechanical stability and reliability deficiencies of free-space cavity lasers. At present, a reliable, low-cost, compact ultrafast fiber laser with single pulse energy of mu J level and repetition frequency of several MHz still cannot be realized.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Therefore, the utility model discloses it is above-mentioned technical problem to solve to provide a passive mode locking ultrafast laser of high power, low repetition frequency, low cost and easy production.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:
The utility model provides a passive mode locking ultrafast laser of high peak power low frequency, it is including end mirror, laser gain medium, optical fiber unit, mode locker and the output coupler that sets up in order, the optical fiber unit both ends are provided with the mode field adapter.
Preferably, a first coupling mirror is further disposed between the laser gain medium and the optical fiber unit.
Preferably, a second coupling mirror and a third coupling mirror are further arranged at two ends of the mode locker.
Preferably, the mode field adapter comprises a single mode fiber, a fourth coupling mirror and an output fiber, which are sequentially arranged along the laser light path.
Or, preferably, the mode field adapter includes a single mode fiber, a fifth coupling mirror, a sixth coupling mirror and an output fiber, which are sequentially arranged along the laser light path.
Preferably, the laser gain medium is one of a laser crystal, an active optical fiber, a laser diode, and an optically pumped emitter.
Preferably, the optical fiber unit is a large mode field optical fiber or a photonic crystal optical fiber.
Preferably, the mold locker is one of a liquid dye absorber, a semiconductor saturated absorber mirror, an artificial saturated absorber, a kerr lens, and a nonlinear mirror.
Preferably, the output fiber is a large mode field fiber or a photonic crystal fiber.
Preferably, the core area of the optical fiber unit and the output optical fiber is several hundreds to several thousands square micrometers.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the utility model have following advantage:
High peak power low frequency passive mode locking ultrafast laser, its end mirror, laser gain medium, optical fiber unit, mode locker and output coupler that set up including in order, the optic fibre both ends are provided with the mode field adapter. The laser gain medium plays a role in generating and amplifying photons, the core area of the optical fiber unit is hundreds to thousands of square microns, the optical fiber unit has low nonlinearity and a high damage threshold, the two mode field adapters are connected with the optical fiber unit, only the fundamental mode LP01 is coupled through free space, energy of a higher-order mode can be recovered to the fundamental mode, the output coupler can enable light to be reflected to form a laser cavity, and a part of impinging light can be extracted from the laser cavity to form laser output. The ultrafast laser has high peak power, low repetition frequency, easy manufacture and low manufacture cost, and can directly generate ultrafast laser with high repetition frequency and high strength from hundreds of KHz to 1MHz without pulse selection and amplification.
Drawings
In order to make the content of the invention more clearly understood, the invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments thereof, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art ultrafast laser;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a high peak power low frequency passive mode-locked ultrafast laser according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a high peak power low frequency passive mode-locked ultrafast laser according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a mode field adapter according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a mode field adapter according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures denote: 1-end mirror; 2-a laser gain medium; 3-an optical fiber unit; 4-a mold locker; 5-an output coupler; 6-mode field adapter; 61-single mode fiber; 62-a fourth coupling mirror; 63-output optical fiber; 64-a fifth coupling mirror; 65-sixth coupling mirror; 7-a first coupling mirror; 8-a second coupling mirror; 9-third coupling mirror.
The present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed to provide embodiments that are thorough and complete and will fully convey the concept of the invention to those skilled in the art and will be defined by the claims. In the drawings, the size and relative sizes of various devices may be exaggerated for clarity. The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and in the claims, and in the drawings, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It will be appreciated that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment provides a high peak power low-frequency passive mode-locked ultrafast laser, which, as shown in fig. 2, includes an end mirror 1, a laser gain medium 2, an optical fiber unit 3, a mode locker 4 and an output coupler 5, which are sequentially arranged, and a mode field adapter 6 is respectively arranged at an input end and an output end of the optical fiber unit 3.
In particular, the curvature or flatness of the surface of the end mirror 1 allows the beam to be returned to the laser cavity with high reflectivity and low wavefront error.
The laser gain medium 2 is one of a laser crystal, an active optical fiber, a laser diode and an optical pumping emitter, and the laser crystal can be a disc-shaped laser crystal. In this embodiment, the laser gain medium 2 is an active optical fiber, and when photons propagate through the laser gain medium 2 with correct wavelength, phase and polarization, the laser gain medium 2 can generate and amplify the photons.
The optical fiber unit 3 is a Large Mode Area (LMA) optical fiber, the diameter of the core of the LMA optical fiber is 25 μm, the effective core area is five hundred square microns, the optical fiber unit has quite low nonlinear characteristics and quite high damage threshold, and is suitable for the transmission of single-product pulse laser of an amplifier in an active optical fiber or light in a passive optical fiber. The LMA fiber has higher order modes in addition to the fundamental mode LP01, the higher order modes depending on the core size of the LMA fiber, the higher order modes LP11, LP21, LP02, LP31, LP12, and LP41 co-existing.
The mode locker (i.e. mode locker) 4 is one of a liquid dye absorber, a semiconductor saturated absorption mirror, an artificial saturated absorber, a kerr lens, and a nonlinear mirror, and in this embodiment, the mode locker 4 is a semiconductor saturated absorption mirror. The mold locker 4 is a passive mold locking mechanism and has the advantages of convenient tuning and high conversion efficiency.
The output coupler 5 can reflect the light beam back to form a laser cavity, and can extract a part of the impinging light from the laser cavity to form laser output.
in this embodiment, the Mode Field Adapter (MFA)6 is shown in fig. 4, and includes a single mode fiber 61, a fourth coupling mirror 62 and an output fiber 63, which are arranged in sequence along the laser path, and the mode field adapter 6 functions such that the higher-order mode of the LMA fiber degrades the laser beam quality and even causes mode locking to stop, thereby ensuring that only the fundamental mode LP01 is coupled out to free space by the mode field adapters 6 arranged at both ends of the fiber unit 3, while the energy of other higher-order modes in the LMA fiber is returned to the LP01 mode. Wherein, the fourth coupling mirror 62 is placed at a certain object distance from the single-mode fiber 61, and has a certain image distance with the output fiber 63, and the object distance and the image distance are set as follows: the single mode fiber 61 field mode diameter w1 is scaled to the size of the output fiber 63 field mode diameter w2 with the ratio between image distance and object distance approaching w2/w 1. In this embodiment, the output fiber 63 is also an LMA fiber.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a high peak power low-frequency passive mode-locked ultrafast laser, which is shown in fig. 3, and includes an end mirror 1, a laser gain medium 2, an optical fiber unit 3, a mode locker 4 and an output coupler 5 that are sequentially arranged, the input end and the output end of the optical fiber unit 3 are respectively provided with a mode field adapter 6, the laser gain medium 2 and a first coupling mirror 7 are further arranged between the optical fiber unit 3, and the front end and the rear end of the mode locker 4 are respectively provided with a second coupling mirror 8 and a third coupling mirror 9.
In particular, the curvature or flatness of the surface of the end mirror 1 allows the beam to be returned to the laser cavity with high reflectivity and low wavefront error.
The laser gain medium 2 is one of a laser crystal, an active optical fiber, a laser diode and an optical pumping emitter, and the laser crystal can be a disc-shaped laser crystal. In this embodiment, the laser gain medium 2 is a laser crystal, when photons propagate through the laser gain medium 2 with correct wavelength, phase and polarization, the laser gain medium 2 can generate and amplify the photons, and the laser gain medium 2 is not based on an optical fiber, so the first coupling mirror 7 needs to be arranged to effectively couple the laser amplified by the laser gain medium 2 into the optical fiber unit 3; when the laser gain medium 2 is fiber based, no coupling lens is required.
The fiber unit 3 is a Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) with a core diameter of 25 μm, with a rather low non-linear characteristic and a rather high damage threshold, which can generate a strong single pulse.
The mode locker (i.e. mode locker) 4 is one of a liquid dye absorber, a semiconductor saturated absorber, an artificial saturated absorber, a kerr lens, and a non-linear reflector, and in this embodiment, the mode locker 4 is a kerr lens. The mold locker 4 is a passive mold locking mechanism and has the advantages of convenient tuning and high conversion efficiency. Since the mode locker 4 is not based on an optical fiber, coupling lenses are further required to be arranged at the front end and the rear end of the mode locker 4, wherein the second coupling mirror 8 can effectively couple light emitted by the optical fiber unit 3 into the mode locker 4, the third coupling mirror 9 can collimate light emitted by the mode locker 4 to the output coupler 5, and when the mode locker 5 is based on an optical fiber, the second coupling mirror 8 and the third coupling mirror 9 are not required.
The output coupler 5 can reflect the light beam to the third coupling mirror 9 to form a laser cavity, and can extract a part of the impinging light from the laser cavity to form laser output.
The end mirror 1, the laser gain medium 2, the first coupling mirror 7, the optical fiber unit 3, the second coupling mirror 8, the mode locker 4, the third coupling mirror 9 and the output coupler 5 form a high peak power low frequency passive mode-locked ultrafast laser with a repetition frequency of several hundred KHz to 1MHz, the optical path from the end mirror 1 to the laser gain medium 2, then from the laser gain medium 2 to the first coupling mirror 7, and then from the first coupling mirror 7 to the optical fiber unit 3, the optical path can be in free space, or in an optical waveguide (such as an optical fiber), or in a mixed medium of the free space and the optical waveguide, the optical fiber unit 3 contains a basic TEM300 mode, the residual high order modes in the optical fiber unit are stripped, the stripping process can strip the high order modes without attenuating the basic mode by winding the optical fiber on a mandrel with a moderate size, the length of the fiber unit 3 is selected from a repetition frequency of several hundred KHz to 1MHz, and the fiber unit 3 may also be an LMA fiber.
In this embodiment, the mode field adapter 6 includes, as shown in fig. 5, a single-mode fiber 61, a fifth coupling mirror 64, a sixth coupling mirror 65, and an output fiber 63, which are sequentially arranged along a laser path, where the output fiber may be an LMA fiber or a PCF fiber, and in this embodiment, a PCF30 fiber is used. Specifically, the single-mode fiber 61 is located at the focal plane of the fifth coupling mirror 64, the output fiber 63 is located at the focal plane of the sixth coupling mirror 65, the field mode diameter w1 of the single-mode fiber 61 is amplified to be completely matched with the field mode diameter w2 of the output fiber 63, and the ratio of the effective focal length of the sixth coupling mirror 65 to the effective focal length of the fifth coupling mirror 64 is close to w2/w 1.
it should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a high peak power low frequency passive mode locking ultrafast laser which characterized in that, is including the end mirror, laser gain medium, optical fiber unit, mode locker and the output coupler that set up in order, the optical fiber unit both ends are provided with the mode field adapter.
2. The high peak power, low frequency passively mode-locked ultrafast laser according to claim 1, wherein a first coupling mirror is further disposed between said laser gain medium and said fiber unit.
3. The high peak power, low frequency passively mode-locked ultrafast laser as recited in claim 2, wherein said mode-locker further has a second coupling mirror and a third coupling mirror disposed at both ends.
4. The high peak power, low frequency passively mode-locked ultrafast laser according to claim 3, wherein said mode field adapter comprises a single mode fiber, a fourth coupling mirror and an output fiber arranged in sequence along the laser path.
5. The high peak power, low frequency passively mode-locked ultrafast laser according to claim 4, wherein said mode field adapter comprises a single mode fiber, a fifth coupling mirror, a sixth coupling mirror and an output fiber arranged in sequence along a laser optical path.
6. The high peak power, low frequency passively mode-locked ultrafast laser according to claim 5, wherein said laser gain medium is one of a laser crystal, an active fiber, a laser diode, an optically pumped emitter.
7. The high peak-power, low-frequency passively mode-locked ultrafast laser according to claim 6, wherein said optical fiber unit is a large mode field fiber or a photonic crystal fiber.
8. The high peak power, low frequency passively mode-locked ultrafast laser according to claim 7, wherein said mode-locker is one of a liquid dye absorber, a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror, an artificial saturable absorber, a kerr lens, a nonlinear mirror.
9. The high peak-power, low-frequency passively mode-locked ultrafast laser according to claim 4 or 5, wherein said output fiber is a large mode field fiber or a photonic crystal fiber.
10. The high peak power, low frequency passively mode-locked ultrafast laser according to claim 9, wherein said fiber unit and output fiber have core areas of several hundred to several thousand square microns.
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| CN201920153228.2U CN209805086U (en) | 2019-01-29 | 2019-01-29 | High-peak power low-frequency passive mode-locking ultrafast laser |
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| CN201920153228.2U CN209805086U (en) | 2019-01-29 | 2019-01-29 | High-peak power low-frequency passive mode-locking ultrafast laser |
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