CN209772060U - bed gradient directional temperature control reaction device and methanol processing bed gradient temperature control device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a bed gradient directional temperature control reaction device. The device comprises a cylinder body, a fin constant temperature tube assembly and/or a corrugated tube assembly and/or a trapezoid tube assembly, wherein the fin constant temperature tube assembly and/or the corrugated tube assembly and/or the trapezoid tube assembly are arranged in the cylinder body; the lower end of the cylinder body is provided with a discharge hole, the cylinder body is fixed on the skirt, and the lower end of the skirt is provided with a bottom plate. The utility model has the advantages of controlling the temperature curve of the reaction bed layer through the feed inlets on different horizontal planes and obtaining various hydrocarbon products with different compositions. The utility model also discloses a methanol processing bed gradient temperature regulating device.

Description

bed gradient directional temperature control reaction device and methanol processing bed gradient temperature control device

Technical Field

the utility model relates to a chemical process flow field, more specifically say that it is directional accuse temperature reaction unit of bed gradient. The utility model discloses still relate to the dark worker bed gradient temperature regulating device of methyl alcohol, more specifically say that it is methyl alcohol processing bed gradient temperature regulating device.

background

In the exothermic reaction process, there are various reactors, and the operating principles of the reactors are different in order to ensure the reaction conditions and the performance of different catalysts.

Existing reactors include fixed bed reactors, fluidized bed reactors and multi-tubular reactors; the fixed bed reactor has the following disadvantages in practical production: (1) the heat released cannot be well removed from the reactor to generate temperature runaway; (2) seriously affecting the stability of the reaction product; (3) the service life of the catalyst is seriously influenced, so that the regeneration period of the catalyst is shortened; the fluidized bed reactor has the following disadvantages in practical production: (1) catalyst is entrained in the reaction product; (2) the catalyst carried in the reaction product needs to be separated, so that the investment cost of equipment is increased; (3) the catalyst in the fluidized bed is in a moving state, the catalyst is broken due to the movement, the powder catalyst is not easy to be separated from reaction products, and the catalyst loss is large. The multitubular reactor has the following disadvantages in practical production: (1) the common pipe is adopted, and because of strong exothermic reaction, the temperature difference between the pipe side and the shell side is too large, and only materials with large specific heat capacity can be used for removing heat; (2) the heat cannot meet the raw material heating requirement of continuous feeding after being removed; (3) the removed heat is less, the bed layer can be over-heated, and the effective use of the catalyst is influenced; (4) the quantity of the heat exchange pipes is increased, so that a large amount of heat can be removed, the effective use of the catalyst is not influenced, and the equipment cost is greatly increased by adding the heat exchange pipes; (5) a gas distributor is arranged at the feeding position to influence the complete regeneration of the catalyst; thus, none of the three reactors currently available individually and completely satisfy the relatively efficient use of catalyst in the reactor.

the existing reactor has higher requirements on applicable raw materials and less converted raw materials, and can not utilize extensive and cheap hydrocarbon raw materials comprising waste diesel oil, waste engine oil and the like; one reactor can only convert one raw material generally, the production efficiency is low, and the equipment utilization rate is low; the reactor can not make the maximum use of reaction heat, resulting in resource waste; meanwhile, the temperature control of the existing reactor is difficult, and one reactor can only produce a product with one component at the same time, but cannot simultaneously produce products with multiple components. As known to the utility model, the existing reactor and reaction method cannot directionally control the reaction temperature in the reactor, and cannot achieve the catalytic effect of the desired product using a common catalyst.

Disclosure of Invention

the utility model discloses a first purpose is in order to provide the directional accuse temperature reaction unit of bed gradient, the utility model discloses a different horizontal plane (gradient) feed inlet directional control reaction bed temperature curve obtains the different required hydrocarbon products of multiple constitution.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a methanol processing bed gradient temperature control device.

In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is that: the bed gradient directional temperature control reaction device is characterized in that: comprises a bed gradient directional temperature control reactor; the bed gradient directional temperature control reactor comprises a cylinder body, and a fin constant temperature tube assembly and/or a corrugated tube assembly and/or a trapezoid tube assembly which are arranged in the cylinder body, wherein a plurality of feed inlets are arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder body corresponding to the fin constant temperature tube assembly and/or the corrugated tube assembly and/or the trapezoid tube assembly, a feed inlet gas distributor is arranged at a feed inlet extending into the inner wall of the cylinder body, and the cylinder body is divided into a plurality of feed layers by the feed inlets;

The lower end of the cylinder body is provided with a discharge hole, the cylinder body is fixed on the skirt, and the lower end of the skirt is provided with a bottom plate.

In the technical scheme, the fin constant temperature tube assembly comprises a tube plate, a fin constant temperature tube, a first catalyst and fins; the transverse two ends of the tube plate are fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder body, the tube plate comprises a first tube plate and a second tube plate, a plurality of fin constant temperature tubes are arranged vertically, the upper ends of the fin constant temperature tubes are fixed on the first tube plate, and the lower ends of the fin constant temperature tubes are fixed on the second tube plate; the first catalyst is located in the fin constant temperature tube, and the fin is arranged on the outer wall of the corrugated tube.

In the technical scheme, the corrugated pipe assembly comprises a pipe plate, a plurality of corrugated pipes, a first catalyst and fins, wherein the two transverse ends of the pipe plate are fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder body; the first catalyst is positioned in the corrugated pipe, and the fins are arranged on the outer wall of the corrugated pipe.

In the technical scheme, the trapezoid tube assembly comprises a tube plate, trapezoid tubes, a first catalyst and fins, wherein the two transverse ends of the tube plate are fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder body, the tube plate comprises a first tube plate and a second tube plate, the trapezoid tubes are vertically arranged, the upper ends of the trapezoid tubes are fixed on the first tube plate, and the lower ends of the trapezoid tubes are fixed on the second tube plate; the first catalyst is positioned in the trapezoidal pipe, and the fins are arranged on the outer wall of the trapezoidal pipe.

In the technical scheme, the distance between two adjacent feed inlets on the longitudinal surface of the cylinder is more than or equal to 5 mm; the lower end of the gas lift pipe is positioned between the first tube plate and the second tube plate, and the upper end of the gas lift pipe extends out of the first tube plate; the riser is arranged between two adjacent fin constant temperature tubes and/or corrugated tubes and/or trapezoidal tubes; the distance between the lower end of the gas lift pipe and the second tube plate is adjustable; the air rising pipe is a common pipe or a finned pipe; one or more draft tubes; the upper end of the riser is provided with an air blocking cap which is in a herringbone shape, a square shape or a round shape.

in the technical scheme, a fixed bed assembly is arranged in the barrel and comprises a gas distributor and a fixed bed, the fixed bed comprises an upper pressure plate, a support plate and a second catalyst, the upper pressure plate is positioned above the support plate, the two transverse ends of the upper pressure plate are fixed on the inner wall of the barrel, the two transverse ends of the support plate are fixed on the inner wall of the barrel, and the second catalyst is positioned in an area defined by the upper pressure plate, the support plate and the inner wall of the barrel; the gas distributor is positioned above the fixed bed;

One or more of the finned thermostatic tube assembly and/or the bellows assembly and/or the ladder tube assembly; one or more fixed bed components; the manhole is arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder body, and one or more manholes are arranged; a manhole is positioned above the finned constant temperature tube assembly and/or the corrugated tube assembly and/or the ladder-shaped tube assembly, or the manhole is positioned above the fixed bed assembly or the finned constant temperature tube assembly and/or the corrugated tube assembly and/or the ladder-shaped tube assembly, and the manhole is positioned between the finned constant temperature tube assembly and/or the corrugated tube assembly and/or the ladder-shaped tube assembly and the fixed bed assembly; the feed inlets are multiple and are positioned between the first tube plate and the second tube plate or positioned above the fixed bed assembly and positioned between the first tube plate and the second tube plate.

In the technical scheme, the catalyst fixer is positioned in the fin constant temperature tube assembly and is arranged at the lower end of the fin constant temperature tube;

Fins are arranged on the outer wall of each corrugated pipe;

The trapezoid pipe in the trapezoid pipe assembly is in a shape of an inverted horn with a large upper caliber and a small lower caliber or in a shape of a horn with a small upper caliber and a large lower caliber.

in above-mentioned technical scheme, the ladder-shaped pipe among the trapezoidal pipe subassembly is isosceles trapezoid pipe and/or right angle trapezoid pipe.

In the technical scheme, four combination modes of the fin constant temperature tube assembly and/or the bellows assembly and/or the ladder tube assembly and the fixed bed assembly are provided, and the combination mode of the fin constant temperature tube assembly and/or the bellows assembly and/or the ladder tube assembly and the fixed bed assembly comprises that the fixed bed assembly is positioned below the fin constant temperature tube assembly and/or the bellows assembly and/or the ladder tube assembly; the fixed bed assembly is positioned above the finned thermostatic tube assembly and/or the bellows assembly and/or the ladder tube assembly; the fin constant temperature tube assembly and/or the bellows assembly and/or the trapezoid tube assembly are/is arranged between the two fixed bed assemblies which are arranged at intervals; the fixed bed component is arranged between the two finned constant temperature tube components and/or the corrugated tube component and/or the trapezoidal tube component which are arranged at intervals.

In order to realize the above, the utility model discloses a second purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is: methanol processing bed gradient temperature regulating device which characterized in that: comprises the bed gradient directional temperature control reaction device; a preheater and an evaporator are sequentially arranged on a branch with a raw material inlet, circulating dry gas output from the upper end of a buffer tank is divided into a plurality of circulating dry gas branches, and the circulating dry gas branches are connected into the bed gradient directional temperature control reactor and are positioned at the lower parts of the fin constant temperature pipe assembly and/or the corrugated pipe assembly and/or the trapezoidal pipe assembly; a condenser is arranged on a branch of the discharge port which is communicated with the buffer tank, the lower end of the buffer tank is communicated with an oil-water separator through a pipeline, and the oil-water separator is provided with a branch which is communicated with the hydrocarbon product tank and a branch which is communicated with the water storage tank.

the utility model has the advantages of as follows:

(1) the utility model controls the temperature curve of the reaction bed layer through the feeding holes on different horizontal planes to obtain a plurality of hydrocarbon products with different compositions;

(2) The utility model achieves the purpose of gradient temperature control of the bed layer by changing the retention time of the raw materials in the shell layer of the reactor through different feed inlets and changing the retention time of the raw materials in different horizontal planes;

(3) The utility model greatly improves the selectivity of the catalyst; taking methanol to gasoline as an example, in the temperature control method of the reactor in the prior art, the common catalyst needs to be regenerated in a single-pass use period of 16 days; the single-pass service cycle of the same catalyst in the utility model is improved by 20 percent and above compared with the prior art, and the conversion rate is improved by 5 percent and above compared with the prior art.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the fin thermostatic tube built in the bed gradient directional temperature control reactor of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a built-in ladder-shaped tube structure of the gradient directional temperature control reactor of the bed layer of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the built-in ladder-shaped tube of the gradient directional temperature control reactor of the bed layer of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the built-in bellows structure of the gradient directional temperature control reactor of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a built-in bellows structure of the gradient directional temperature control reactor of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the present invention, wherein a bellows assembly and a fixed bed assembly are disposed in the gradient directional temperature control reactor.

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of two bellows assemblies disposed in the gradient directional temperature control reactor of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a bellows assembly disposed between two fixed bed assemblies spaced apart from each other in the gradient-bed directional temperature control reactor of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a fixed bed assembly disposed between two corrugated pipe assemblies disposed at intervals in the gradient directional temperature control reactor of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

fig. 11 is an enlarged view of fig. 10 at a.

Fig. 12 is an enlarged view of fig. 10 at B.

In the figure, 1-feed inlet, 2-fin thermostatic tube assembly or bellows assembly or trapezoid tube assembly, 2.1-tube plate, 2.11-first tube plate, 2.12-second tube plate, 2.2-riser, 2.21-gas blocking cap, 2.3-trapezoid tube, 2.4-first catalyst, 2.5-fin, 2.6-catalyst holder, 3-manhole, 4-cylinder, 5-discharge port, 6-skirt, 7-bottom plate, 8-fixed bed assembly, 8.1-gas distributor, 8.2-fixed bed, 8.21-upper pressure plate, 8.22-support plate, 8.23-second catalyst, 9-feed inlet gas distributor, 10-bed gradient directional temperature control reactor, 11-catalyst, 12-evaporator, 13-evaporator, 14-condenser, 15-a buffer tank, 16-an oil-water separator, 17-a hydrocarbon product tank and 18-a water storage tank.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention, but are merely exemplary. While the advantages of the invention will be clear and readily appreciated by the description.

With reference to the accompanying drawings: the bed gradient directional temperature control reaction device comprises a bed gradient directional temperature control reactor 10; the bed gradient directional temperature control reactor 10 comprises a cylinder 4, and a fin constant temperature tube assembly and/or a corrugated tube assembly and/or a trapezoid tube assembly 2 arranged in the cylinder 4, wherein the outer wall of the cylinder 4 corresponding to the fin constant temperature tube assembly and/or the corrugated tube assembly and/or the trapezoid tube assembly is provided with a plurality of feed inlets 1, a feed inlet gas distributor 9 is arranged at the position of the feed inlet 1 extending into the inner wall of the cylinder 4, the cylinder 4 is divided into a plurality of feed layers by the feed inlets 1, and each feed layer is provided with one or more feed inlets; the raw materials enter through a feed inlet of a layer of feed material layer on the fin constant temperature tube assembly and/or the corrugated tube assembly and/or the trapezoid tube assembly 2, and then the reaction temperature of the feed layer is controlled;

The discharge port 5 is arranged at the lower end of the cylinder 4, the cylinder 4 is fixed on the skirt 6, and the lower end of the skirt 6 is provided with a bottom plate 7 (as shown in figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5).

the fin constant temperature tube assembly comprises a tube plate 2.1, a fin constant temperature tube, a first catalyst 2.4 and fins 2.5; the two transverse ends of the tube plate 2.1 are fixed on the inner wall of the barrel 4, the tube plate 2.1 comprises a first tube plate 2.11 and a second tube plate 2.12, a plurality of fin constant temperature tubes are arranged vertically, the upper ends of the fin constant temperature tubes are fixed on the first tube plate 2.11, and the lower ends of the fin constant temperature tubes are fixed on the second tube plate 2.12; the first catalyst 2.4 is positioned in the fin constant temperature tube, and the fin 2.5 is arranged on the outer wall of the corrugated tube.

The corrugated pipe assembly comprises a pipe plate 2.1, a corrugated pipe, a first catalyst 2.4 and fins 2.5, the two transverse ends of the pipe plate 2.1 are fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder 4, the pipe plate 2.1 comprises a first pipe plate 2.11 and a second pipe plate 2.12, a plurality of corrugated pipes are arranged vertically, the upper end of each corrugated pipe is fixed on the first pipe plate 2.11, and the lower end of each corrugated pipe is fixed on the second pipe plate 2.12; the first catalyst 2.4 is located inside the bellows and the fins 2.5 are located on the outer wall of the bellows.

The trapezoid tube assembly 2 comprises tube plates 2.1, trapezoid tubes 2.3, a first catalyst 2.4 and fins 2.5, the two transverse ends of the tube plates 2.1 are fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder 4, the tube plates 2.1 comprise a first tube plate 2.11 and a second tube plate 2.12, the trapezoid tubes 2.3 are provided with a plurality of tubes, the trapezoid tubes 2.3 are vertically arranged, the upper ends of the trapezoid tubes 2.3 are fixed on the first tube plate 2.11, and the lower ends of the trapezoid tubes 2.3 are fixed on the second tube plate 2.12; the first catalyst 2.4 is located in the trapezoidal tube 2.3, and the fins 2.5 are arranged on the outer wall of the trapezoidal tube 2.3.

the distance between two adjacent feed inlets 1 on the longitudinal surface of the cylinder 4 is more than or equal to 5 mm; a gas riser 2.2 is arranged in the finned constant temperature tube assembly and/or the corrugated tube assembly and/or the trapezoid tube assembly 2, the lower end of the gas riser 2.2 is positioned between the first tube plate 2.11 and the second tube plate 2.12, and the upper end of the gas riser extends out of the first tube plate 2.11; the gas lift pipe 2.2 is arranged between two adjacent fin constant temperature pipes and/or corrugated pipes and/or trapezoidal pipes 2.3; the distance between the lower end of the gas lift pipe 2.2 and the second tube plate 2.12 is adjustable; the gas lift pipe 2.2 is a common pipe or a finned pipe; one or more gas risers 2.2 are provided; the upper end of the gas lift pipe 2.2 is provided with a gas blocking cap 2.21, and the gas blocking cap 2.21 is in a herringbone shape, a square shape or a round shape.

A fixed bed component 8 is arranged in the barrel 4, the fixed bed component 8 comprises a gas distributor 8.1 and a fixed bed 8.2, the fixed bed 8.2 comprises an upper pressure plate 8.21, a support plate 8.22 and a second catalyst 8.23, the upper pressure plate 8.21 is positioned above the support plate 8.22, the two transverse ends of the upper pressure plate 8.21 are fixed on the inner wall of the barrel 4, the two transverse ends of the support plate 8.22 are fixed on the inner wall of the barrel 4, and the second catalyst 8.23 is positioned in an area surrounded by the upper pressure plate 8.21, the support plate 8.22 and the inner wall of the barrel 4; the gas distributor 8.1 is located above the fixed bed 8.2;

one or more of the finned thermostatic tube assembly and/or the bellows assembly and/or the trapezoid tube assembly 2; one or more of the fixed bed assemblies 8; a manhole 3 is arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder 4, and one or more manholes 3 are arranged; a manhole 3 is positioned above the finned constant temperature tube assembly and/or the corrugated tube assembly and/or the trapezoidal tube assembly 2, or the manhole is arranged above the fixed bed assembly 8 or the finned constant temperature tube assembly and/or the corrugated tube assembly and/or the trapezoidal tube assembly 2, and the manhole 3 is arranged between the finned constant temperature tube assembly and/or the corrugated tube assembly and/or the trapezoidal tube assembly 2 and the fixed bed assembly 8; the feed inlets 1 are multiple, and the feed inlets 1 are positioned between the first tube plate 2.11 and the second tube plate 2.12 or positioned above the fixed bed assembly 8 and positioned between the first tube plate 2.11 and the second tube plate 2.12.

a catalyst fixer 2.6 is positioned in the fin thermostatic tube component and is arranged at the lower end of the fin thermostatic tube 2;

Fins 2.5 are arranged on the outer wall of each corrugated pipe;

The ladder-shaped pipe 2.3 in the ladder-shaped pipe assembly 2 is in a shape of an inverted trumpet with a large upper caliber and a small lower caliber or a trumpet with a small upper caliber and a large lower caliber.

The trapezoidal pipes 2.3 in the trapezoidal pipe assembly 2 are isosceles trapezoidal pipes and/or right-angle trapezoidal pipes.

the fin constant temperature tube assembly and/or the bellows assembly and/or the ladder-shaped tube assembly 2 and the fixed bed assembly 8 are combined in four ways, and the fin constant temperature tube assembly and/or the bellows assembly and/or the ladder-shaped tube assembly 2 and the fixed bed assembly 8 are combined in a way that the fixed bed assembly 8 is positioned below the fin constant temperature tube assembly and/or the bellows assembly and/or the ladder-shaped tube assembly; the fixed bed assembly 8 is positioned above the finned thermostatic tube assembly and/or the bellows assembly and/or the ladder tube assembly 2; the finned constant temperature tube assembly and/or the corrugated tube assembly and/or the trapezoidal tube assembly 2 are arranged between two fixed bed assemblies 8 which are arranged at intervals; the fixed bed assembly 8 is arranged between two fin thermostatic tube assemblies and/or bellows assemblies and/or ladder tube assemblies 2 which are arranged at intervals (as shown in figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9).

In figure 1, the utility model discloses be equipped with fin constant temperature tube subassembly in the directional accuse temperature reactor of bed gradient.

in figure 2, the bed gradient directional temperature control reactor of the utility model is internally provided with a trapezoidal pipe component of which the trapezoidal pipe is in an inverted trumpet shape.

In fig. 3, the bed gradient directional temperature control reactor of the present invention is provided with a trapezoidal pipe assembly in which the trapezoidal pipe is horn-shaped.

In figure 4, the bed gradient directional temperature control reactor of the utility model is provided with a regular bellows component with the same corrugated ring caliber.

in fig. 5, the bed gradient directional temperature control reactor of the present invention is provided with an irregular corrugated pipe assembly having corrugated ring with different calibers.

With reference to the accompanying drawings: the methanol processing bed gradient temperature control device comprises the bed gradient directional temperature control reaction device; a preheater 12 and an evaporator 13 are sequentially arranged on a branch with raw materials introduced into the feed inlet 1, circulating dry gas output from the upper end of a buffer tank 15 is divided into a plurality of circulating dry gas branches, and the circulating dry gas branches are connected into the bed gradient directional temperature control reactor 10 and are positioned at the lower parts of the fin constant temperature tube assembly and/or the corrugated tube assembly and/or the trapezoid tube assembly 2; a branch of the discharge port 5 leading into the buffer tank 15 is provided with a condenser 14, the lower end of the buffer tank 15 is communicated with an oil-water separator 16 through a pipeline, and the oil-water separator 16 is provided with a branch leading to a hydrocarbon product tank 17 and a branch leading to a water storage tank 18 (as shown in figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 11 and 12).

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 10, fig. 11, and fig. 12, it can be seen that: the reaction method of the methanol processing bed gradient temperature control device comprises the following steps:

The method comprises the following steps: the raw materials to be produced are respectively put into a raw material tank according to production requirements and are preheated by a preheater 12; the raw materials to be produced comprise a first raw material, a second raw material and a v raw material, wherein v is more than or equal to 2;

Step two: inputting the preheated first raw material, the preheated second raw material, the preheated … … and the preheated v-th raw material into the evaporator 13 respectively to enable the raw materials to reach a complete gasification state;

Step three: the feed inlet 1 comprises a first feed inlet, a second feed inlet, … … and an mth feed inlet, wherein m is more than or equal to 2;

The gasification raw materials output from the evaporator 13 are respectively input into the bed gradient directional temperature control reactor 10 from the first feeding hole, the second feeding hole to the m-th feeding hole to react with the catalyst 11;

Wherein, a first feed inlet, a second feed inlet and an nth feed inlet are arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder 4 corresponding to the fin constant temperature tube assembly and/or the corrugated tube assembly and/or the trapezoid tube assembly 2 from top to bottom and are positioned between the first tube plate 2.11 and the second tube plate 2.12, and n is more than 0 and less than or equal to m; n feed inlets are positioned above the fixed bed assembly 8 and/or between the fixed bed assembly 8 and the fin constant temperature tube assembly and/or the corrugated tube assembly and/or the trapezoid tube assembly 2, N is the difference between m and N, and N is more than or equal to 0;

The circulating dry gas output by the buffer tank 15 is input into the bed gradient directional temperature control reactor 10 from a circulating dry gas inlet and reacts with the raw material and the catalyst 11 in the bed gradient directional temperature control reactor 10; the product of the reaction is discharged from a discharge port 5;

step four: the product enters a condenser 14 for condensation, the condensed product enters a buffer tank 15 for gas-liquid separation, the separated gas is output from the upper end of the buffer tank 15 to become circulating dry gas, and the liquid is output from the lower end of the buffer tank to an oil-water separator 16;

Step five: the required hydrocarbon products are obtained through the separation process of the oil-water separator 16, the hydrocarbon products are stored in a hydrocarbon product tank 17, and water is stored in a water storage tank 18;

the gasified raw materials enter the bed gradient directional temperature control reactor 10 from the first feed port and/or the second feed port … … and/or the nth feed port respectively to react with the first catalyst 2.4, the cylinder 4 is divided into a plurality of feed layers by the feed port 1, and each feed layer is provided with one or a plurality of feed ports; after raw materials enter through a feed inlet of a layer of feed layer on the fin constant-temperature tube assembly and/or the corrugated tube assembly and/or the trapezoid tube assembly 2, the reaction temperature of the feed layer is controlled, and the components of the hydrocarbon products are controlled through the raw materials entering the feed inlet on the feed layer;

when one finned constant temperature tube assembly and/or corrugated tube assembly and/or trapezoid tube assembly 2 is arranged, the reaction temperature of the cylinder 4 is controlled by raw materials entering the feeding port 1 on each layer of cylinder 4;

When a plurality of fin constant temperature tube assemblies and/or corrugated tube assemblies and/or trapezoid tube assemblies 2 are arranged, gasified raw materials enter a bed gradient directional temperature control reactor 10 positioned at the upper part of a cylinder 4 from a feeding hole 1 to react with a first catalyst 2.4, a part of released heat is brought above a first tube plate 2.11 through a riser 2.2 and then enters the riser 2.2 communicated with the bed gradient directional temperature control reactor 10 positioned at the lower part, and the reaction heat is transferred into the bed gradient directional temperature control reactor 10 positioned at the lower part;

When one or more finned constant temperature tube assemblies and/or corrugated tube assemblies and/or ladder-shaped tube assemblies 2 are arranged and one or more fixed bed assemblies 8 are arranged, gasified raw materials enter a bed gradient directional temperature control reactor 10 positioned at the upper part of a cylinder 4 from a feeding hole 1 to react with a first catalyst 2.4, a part of released heat is brought above a first tube plate 2.11 through a riser 2.2 and then enters the riser 2.2 communicated with the bed gradient directional temperature control reactor 10 and/or the fixed bed 8.2 positioned at the lower part, and the reaction heat is transferred into the bed gradient directional temperature control reactor 10 and/or the fixed bed 8.2 positioned at the lower part;

The other part of the heat released by the reaction of the bed gradient directional temperature control reactor 10 positioned at the upper part and the circulating dry gas are circulated and enter the bed gradient directional temperature control reactor 10 to react with the raw materials.

The catalyst 11 comprises a first catalyst 2.4 filled in the finned constant temperature tube assembly and/or the corrugated tube assembly and/or the trapezoid tube assembly 2 and a second catalyst 8.23 filled in the fixed bed assembly 8, wherein the first catalyst 2.4 is the same as or different from the second catalyst 8.23;

The raw materials input into the fin constant temperature tube assembly and/or the corrugated tube assembly and/or the trapezoid tube assembly 2 positioned at the upper part are exothermic raw materials in the reaction process of methanol, benzene and diethyl ether;

The raw materials input into the bed gradient directional temperature control reactor 10 positioned at the lower part are hydrocarbons including waste diesel oil, waste engine oil, liquefied gas and heavy alkyne.

Other parts not described belong to the prior art.

Claims (10)

1. The bed gradient directional temperature control reaction device is characterized in that: comprises a bed gradient directional temperature control reactor (10); the bed gradient directional temperature control reactor (10) comprises a cylinder (4), a fin constant temperature tube assembly and/or a corrugated tube assembly and/or a trapezoid tube assembly (2) arranged in the cylinder (4), a plurality of feed inlets (1) are formed in the outer wall of the cylinder (4) corresponding to the fin constant temperature tube assembly and/or the corrugated tube assembly and/or the trapezoid tube assembly (2), a feed inlet gas distributor (9) is arranged at the feed inlet (1) extending into the inner wall of the cylinder (4), and the cylinder (4) is divided into a plurality of feed layers by the feed inlets (1);

A discharge hole (5) is arranged at the lower end of the cylinder body (4), the cylinder body (4) is fixed on the skirt support (6), and a bottom plate (7) is arranged at the lower end of the skirt support (6).

2. The bed gradient directional temperature control reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fin constant temperature tube assembly comprises a tube plate (2.1), a fin constant temperature tube, a first catalyst (2.4) and fins (2.5); the transverse two ends of the tube plate (2.1) are fixed on the inner wall of the barrel (4), the tube plate (2.1) comprises a first tube plate (2.11) and a second tube plate (2.12), a plurality of fin constant temperature tubes are arranged vertically, and the upper ends and the lower ends of the fin constant temperature tubes are fixed on the first tube plate (2.11) and the second tube plate (2.12); the first catalyst (2.4) is positioned in the fin constant temperature tube, and the fins (2.5) are arranged on the outer wall of the corrugated tube.

3. The bed gradient directional temperature control reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the corrugated pipe assembly comprises pipe plates (2.1), corrugated pipes, a first catalyst (2.4) and fins (2.5), the two transverse ends of each pipe plate (2.1) are fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder body (4), each pipe plate (2.1) comprises a first pipe plate (2.11) and a second pipe plate (2.12), a plurality of corrugated pipes are arranged vertically, the upper ends of the corrugated pipes are fixed on the first pipe plates (2.11), and the lower ends of the corrugated pipes are fixed on the second pipe plates (2.12); the first catalyst (2.4) is positioned in the corrugated pipe, and the fins (2.5) are arranged on the outer wall of the corrugated pipe.

4. the bed gradient directional temperature control reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the trapezoid tube assembly (2) comprises tube plates (2.1), trapezoid tubes (2.3), a first catalyst (2.4) and fins (2.5), the two transverse ends of the tube plates (2.1) are fixed on the inner wall of the barrel body (4), the tube plates (2.1) comprise a first tube plate (2.11) and a second tube plate (2.12), a plurality of trapezoid tubes (2.3) are arranged vertically, the upper ends of the trapezoid tubes (2.3) are fixed on the first tube plate (2.11), and the lower ends of the trapezoid tubes (2.3) are fixed on the second tube plate (2.12); the first catalyst (2.4) is positioned in the trapezoid tube (2.3), and the fins (2.5) are arranged on the outer wall of the trapezoid tube (2.3).

5. The bed gradient directional temperature control reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the distance between two adjacent feed inlets (1) on the longitudinal surface of the cylinder body (4) is more than or equal to 5 mm; a gas lift pipe (2.2) is arranged in the finned constant temperature pipe assembly and/or the corrugated pipe assembly and/or the trapezoidal pipe assembly (2), the lower end of the gas lift pipe (2.2) is positioned between the first pipe plate (2.11) and the second pipe plate (2.12), and the upper end of the gas lift pipe extends out of the first pipe plate (2.11); the gas lift pipe (2.2) is arranged between two adjacent fin constant temperature pipes and/or corrugated pipes and/or trapezoidal pipes (2.3); the distance between the lower end of the gas lift pipe (2.2) and the second tube plate (2.12) is adjustable; the air lift pipe (2.2) is a common pipe or a finned pipe; one or more air lift pipes (2.2); the upper end of the riser (2.2) is provided with an air blocking cap (2.21), and the air blocking cap (2.21) is in a herringbone shape, a square shape or a round shape.

6. The gradient-bed directional temperature-control reaction device as set forth in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: a fixed bed component (8) is arranged in the barrel (4), the fixed bed component (8) comprises a gas distributor (8.1) and a fixed bed (8.2), the fixed bed (8.2) comprises an upper pressure plate (8.21), a supporting plate (8.22) and a second catalyst (8.23), the upper pressure plate (8.21) is positioned above the supporting plate (8.22), the two transverse ends of the upper pressure plate (8.21) are fixed on the inner wall of the barrel (4), the two transverse ends of the supporting plate (8.22) are fixed on the inner wall of the barrel (4), and the second catalyst (8.23) is positioned in an area defined by the upper pressure plate (8.21), the supporting plate (8.22) and the inner wall of the barrel (4); the gas distributor (8.1) is positioned above the fixed bed (8.2);

one or more of the finned thermostatic tube assembly and/or the bellows assembly and/or the trapezoid tube assembly (2); one or more fixed bed components (8); a manhole (3) is arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder body (4), and one or more manholes (3) are arranged; a manhole (3) is positioned above the finned constant temperature tube assembly and/or the corrugated tube assembly and/or the trapezoidal tube assembly (2), or the manhole is arranged above the fixed bed assembly (8) or the finned constant temperature tube assembly and/or the corrugated tube assembly and/or the trapezoidal tube assembly (2), and the manhole (3) is arranged between the finned constant temperature tube assembly and/or the corrugated tube assembly and/or the trapezoidal tube assembly (2) and the fixed bed assembly (8); the feed inlets (1) are multiple, and the feed inlets (1) are positioned between the first tube plate (2.11) and the second tube plate (2.12) or positioned above the fixed bed assembly (8) and positioned between the first tube plate (2.11) and the second tube plate (2.12).

7. the gradient-bed directional temperature-control reaction device according to claim 6, wherein: a catalyst fixer (2.6) is positioned in the fin thermostatic tube component and is arranged at the lower end of the fin thermostatic tube;

fins (2.5) are arranged on the outer wall of each corrugated pipe;

The trapezoid pipe (2.3) in the trapezoid pipe component (2) is in a shape of an inverted horn with a large upper caliber and a small lower caliber or in a shape of a horn with a small upper caliber and a large lower caliber.

8. the gradient-bed directional temperature-control reaction device according to claim 7, wherein: the trapezoid pipes (2.3) in the trapezoid pipe assembly (2) are isosceles trapezoid pipes and/or right-angle trapezoid pipes.

9. The gradient-bed directional temperature-control reaction device according to claim 8, wherein: the fin constant temperature tube assembly and/or the bellows assembly and/or the ladder tube assembly (2) and the fixed bed assembly (8) are combined in four ways, and the fin constant temperature tube assembly and/or the bellows assembly and/or the ladder tube assembly (2) and the fixed bed assembly (8) are combined in a way that the fixed bed assembly (8) is positioned below the fin constant temperature tube assembly and/or the bellows assembly and/or the ladder tube assembly (2); the fixed bed assembly (8) is positioned above the finned thermostatic tube assembly and/or bellows assembly and/or ladder tube assembly (2); the finned constant temperature tube assembly and/or the corrugated tube assembly and/or the trapezoid tube assembly (2) are arranged between the two fixed bed assemblies (8) which are arranged at intervals; the fixed bed assembly (8) is arranged between the two fin constant temperature tube assemblies and/or the corrugated tube assembly and/or the trapezoid tube assembly (2) which are arranged at intervals.

10. methanol processing bed gradient temperature regulating device which characterized in that: comprises a bed gradient directional temperature control reaction device as defined in any one of claims 1-9; a preheater (12) and an evaporator (13) are sequentially arranged on a branch with a raw material introduced into the feed inlet (1), circulating dry gas output from the upper end of a buffer tank (15) is divided into a plurality of circulating dry gas branches, and the circulating dry gas branches are connected into a bed gradient directional temperature control reactor (10) and are positioned at the lower parts of a fin constant temperature tube assembly and/or a corrugated tube assembly and/or a trapezoid tube assembly (2); a branch of the discharge port (5) which is led into the buffer tank (15) is provided with a condenser (14), the lower end of the buffer tank (15) is communicated with an oil-water separator (16) through a pipeline, and the oil-water separator (16) is provided with a branch which is led to a hydrocarbon product tank (17) and a branch which is led to a water storage tank (18).