CN209759383U - Reaction system for preparing liquid fuel by mixing kitchen waste and microalgae and performing hydrothermal liquefaction - Google Patents
Reaction system for preparing liquid fuel by mixing kitchen waste and microalgae and performing hydrothermal liquefaction Download PDFInfo
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- CN209759383U CN209759383U CN201821505436.6U CN201821505436U CN209759383U CN 209759383 U CN209759383 U CN 209759383U CN 201821505436 U CN201821505436 U CN 201821505436U CN 209759383 U CN209759383 U CN 209759383U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Abstract
The utility model discloses a reaction system for preparing liquid fuel by mixing kitchen waste with microalgae and performing hydrothermal liquefaction, which comprises a feeding device, a high-pressure pump, a primary preheater, a secondary preheater, a hydrothermal reactor and a solid-liquid separator which are connected in sequence, wherein a solid outlet of the solid-liquid separator is connected with a solid inlet of a slag storage box and a solid inlet of a combustion chamber in sequence, and a fluid outlet of the solid-liquid separator is connected with a cracking generator, a secondary preheater and a gas-liquid separator in sequence; the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is sequentially connected with the gas inlet of the gas storage bottle and the gas inlet of the combustion chamber, the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the centrifugal machine provided with an oil phase outlet and a water phase outlet, the oil phase outlet is connected with the oil storage tank, and the water phase outlet is sequentially connected with the cooler and the liquid storage tank. The utility model discloses the system working costs is low, the result separation is thorough, system continuity is good, the oil is high, but wide application in kitchen is surplus, little algae hydrothermal liquefaction produces liquid fuel.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a reaction system for preparing liquid fuel by mixing kitchen waste with microalgae and performing hydrothermal liquefaction, in particular to a reaction system for preparing fuel by mixing kitchen waste with microalgae and performing hydrothermal liquefaction with balanced energy in a preparation process.
Background
The kitchen waste is used as the highest proportion of urban domestic garbage and has the characteristic of coexistence of harmfulness and resource. The harm is that a large amount of perishable objects are contained in the kitchen waste, and the environment is easily polluted during transportation or storage, so that the market capacity is influenced; the resource is embodied in that the kitchen waste contains rich organic matters. For the treatment of kitchen waste, a systematic industrial treatment mode is not formed at present, and the common treatment mode is to carry out landfill or combustion together with municipal domestic waste or prepare animal feed. These conventional approaches all have drawbacks: the landfill method occupies a large amount of land resources and has lower energy recovery rate; the combustion method requires a large amount of energy to be invested for drying treatment; the complex components of the kitchen waste in the feed treatment of the kitchen waste cause the hidden troubles of occurrence and transmission of mad cow disease, itch disease and the like. The hydrothermal liquefaction technology is used for carrying out energy treatment on the kitchen waste, has the advantages of environmental friendliness, small organic matter loss, short reaction period and the like, and has high utilization value due to large energy density of a liquid-phase product bio-oil.
Biomass is mainly divided into three types: first generation biomass, second generation biomass, third generation biomass. The third generation biomass is microalgae. Compared with other biomasses, the microalgae has the advantages of short period, abundant yield, no land occupation and the like. Because the organic matter content of the microalgae is rich, the microalgae is an excellent raw material for preparing the biofuel. The main components of microalgae are lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. The proportion of the microalgae is greatly different with different microalgae species. The traditional method for preparing the bio-oil by the microalgae is to prepare the diesel oil by an ester exchange method, but the technology is only suitable for the microalgae containing higher lipids. From the current research situation, the lipid content and the yield of the algae are difficult to be considered at the same time, and in order to widen the range of available microalgae and combine the characteristic of high water content of the microalgae, a technology for preparing liquid fuel by carrying out hydrothermal liquefaction on the microalgae under the subcritical water condition is emerging. The hydrothermal liquefaction can realize the resource utilization of all components of the microalgae including proteins and sugars.
The hydrothermal treatment means that the raw material undergoes a thermal decomposition reaction in a high-temperature high-pressure solvent. Therefore, the treatment mode does not need dehydration pretreatment on the high-water-content raw material. Microalgae and kitchen waste both have high water content and rich organic matters, and the dehydration and drying process can be avoided by carrying out hydrothermal treatment on the microalgae and the kitchen waste simultaneously, so that the process energy is saved.
The existence of heteroatoms such as O and N in the liquid fuel obtained by the hydrothermal liquefaction of algae leads to poor biological oil quality, and limits the application range of the biological oil. On the other hand, the algae hydrothermal liquefaction has the defects of harsh reaction conditions, high requirements on equipment and the like all the time, so that the existing biomass liquefaction technology needs to be optimized and improved. The adoption of the co-liquefaction of the algae and other substances can improve the quality of the bio-oil obtained by liquefaction to a certain extent, slow down the severity of reaction conditions and improve the conversion efficiency. Microalgae and kitchen waste have obvious difference in chemical components, the main components of algae are protein, lipid and polysaccharide, and the main components of kitchen waste are starch, protein and lipid. Starch in the kitchen waste is hydrophilic, so that hydrothermal liquefaction can be carried out at a relatively low temperature. And the vegetable and fruit part in the kitchen residue contains more cellulose, and the cellulose can generate a synergistic reaction with the microalgae, so that the reaction severity is reduced, and the product quality is improved. Therefore, the hydrothermal synthesis of the two materials has high feasibility.
The hydrothermal liquefaction technology has unique advantages in the aspect of biomass conversion, but the current technical level has certain defects, the biomass conversion is incomplete (less than 95%), the yield of liquefied oil is not high (less than 35%), the oxygen content is higher (12-18%), the heat value is lower (30-35MJ/kg) and the like, and compared with the standard oil heat value (41.8MJ/kg), the hydrothermal liquefaction technology has a certain gap and needs to consume more process heat, so that the technology needs to be further optimized, and the process of industrial application can be promoted.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses an aim at make full use of little algae and the surplus two synergism each other in kitchen improve the oil, utilize the cracker to make bio-oil refined to let burner provide the heat for hydrothermal reaction system, not only can realize hydrothermal reaction's continuity, can also effectual improvement living beings conversion efficiency and improve liquid fuel's quality. When high-quality bio-oil is prepared, complete conversion of biomass is realized, the system runs continuously and efficiently, and self-balance of energy in the conversion process is realized.
The utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes:
A reaction system for preparing liquid fuel by mixing kitchen waste and microalgae and performing hydrothermal liquefaction comprises a feeding device, a high-pressure pump, a primary preheater, a secondary preheater, a hydrothermal reactor and a solid-liquid separator which are sequentially connected, wherein a solid outlet of the solid-liquid separator is sequentially connected with a slag storage tank and a solid inlet of a combustion chamber, a fluid outlet of the solid-liquid separator is sequentially connected with a cracking generator, the secondary preheater and a gas-liquid separator, and the temperature of liquid flowing out of the cracking generator is cooled to be below the saturation temperature of water through the secondary preheater before flowing into the gas-liquid separator, so that the water is prevented from being mixed into a gas phase in a steam form; the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is sequentially connected with the gas inlet of the gas storage bottle and the gas inlet of the combustion chamber, the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the centrifugal machine provided with an oil phase outlet and a water phase outlet, the oil phase outlet is connected with the oil storage tank, and the water phase outlet is sequentially connected with the cooler and the liquid storage tank.
Furthermore, a circulating water loop with a circulating water pump and a circulating water tank is arranged between the cooler and the primary preheater and is used for transferring heat released in the cooling process of the cooler to the primary preheater to heat the material slurry.
Furthermore, the combustion chamber is provided with a flue gas outlet, the flue gas outlet is respectively connected with the hydrothermal reactor and the cracking generator through a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, and the hydrothermal reactor and the cracking generator are heated.
Furthermore, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are dividing wall type heat exchangers.
Furthermore, a crusher is connected between the solid outlet of the solid-liquid separator and the slag storage box.
further, the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is arranged at the top of the gas-liquid separator, and the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is arranged at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator.
Furthermore, a back pressure valve is arranged on a pipeline between the secondary preheater and the gas-liquid separator, and the high-temperature and high-pressure fluid after residue removal enters the gas-liquid separator through the back pressure valve after being cracked in the cracking generator.
Furthermore, an ash bucket with a gate valve is arranged at the bottom of the combustion chamber and used for containing the combusted ash.
Further, the pipeline between high-pressure pump and the one-level preheater on other in proper order has connect booster compressor and gas bomb, the storage has reducing gas in the gas bomb, reducing gas is hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
Further, the feeding device comprises a storage box and a crushing machine arranged at an inlet of the storage box.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
(1) The utility model adopts kitchen remainder and microalgae as raw materials, prepares liquid fuel by mixed hydrothermal liquefaction, and can improve the quality and the yield of the prepared liquid fuel by utilizing the synergistic effect of the kitchen remainder and the microalgae.
(2) The utility model discloses with the kitchen surplus with the liquid further schizolysis that does not obtain after common hydrothermal liquefaction, refine gained roughy bio-oil, further promoted the liquid fuel quality.
(3) The utility model discloses set up the combustion chamber and all burn with gaseous and residue after little algae common hydrothermal liquefaction of kitchen residue to realized the high-efficient utilization of the full component of raw materials, and realized the self-balancing of energy.
(4) The utility model discloses a set up the waste heat after the two-stage pre-heater can make full use of hydrothermal liquefaction reaction, and then reduce reaction system's whole energy consumption.
(5) The utility model discloses the system can realize the separation of liquefaction product through the combined action of solid-liquid separator, vapour and liquid separator and centrifuge continuously, high-efficiently, need not extra organic solvent and separates the bio-oil.
(6) Compare other hydrothermal liquefaction systems, the utility model discloses the system working costs is low, the result separation is thorough, the system continuity is good, can the wide application in kitchen surplus, little algae hydrothermal liquefaction production liquid fuel.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a high pressure pump; 2-a crusher; 3, a material storage box; 4-a supercharger; 5-hydrogen gas storage cylinder 6-circulating water tank; 7-hydrothermal reactor; 8-a solid-liquid separator; 9-a circulating water pump; 10-a first heat exchanger; 11-a pulverizer; 12-a slag storage tank; 13-a combustion chamber; 14-a liquid storage tank; 15-a cooler; 16-a gas cylinder; 17-an oil storage tank; 18-a centrifuge; 19-a gas-liquid separator; 20-a second heat exchanger; 21-a cleavage generator; 22-back pressure valve; 23-a secondary preheater; 24-primary preheater.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, a reaction system for preparing liquid fuel by mixing kitchen waste and microalgae and performing hydrothermal liquefaction comprises a hydrothermal liquefaction reactor 7 for performing hydrothermal liquefaction reaction, a crusher 2 for pretreating materials, a primary preheater 24 and a secondary preheater 23 for preheating the materials, a solid-liquid separator 8, a gas-liquid separator 19, a centrifuge 18 for separating a water phase and an oil phase, a circulating water loop, a cracking generator 21, a combustion chamber 13 for combusting hydrothermal liquefaction solid residues and gases and cracking gases, and an oil storage tank 17.
The kitchen waste and the microalgae enter a storage tank 3 after being crushed by a crusher 2, and raw material slurry in the storage tank 3 is pumped into a primary preheater 24 through a high-pressure pump 1.
The other gas bomb 5 that has the storage hydrogen and carbon monoxide that has connect on the pipeline between high-pressure pump 1 and one-level preheater 24, hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the gas bomb 5 are squeezed into one-level preheater 24 through booster compressor 4 in, preheat the back with kibbling raw materials thick liquid together and get into hydrothermal reactor 7 and react thereby promote the quality of liquid fuel. The storage tank 3 has a mixing and stirring function, so that the kitchen waste and the microalgae slurry are fully mixed.
First-order pre-heater 24 and second-order pre-heater 23 series connection just are dividing wall heat exchanger, wherein, the exit linkage of second-order pre-heater 23 is at hydrothermal reactor 7 material entry, and the material carries out hydrothermal liquefaction reaction in hydrothermal reactor 7, the exit linkage solid-liquid separator 8's of hydrothermal reactor 7 entry, solid-liquid separator 8 bottom is provided with the solid export, and the top is provided with the fluid outlet, and the solid residue that hydrothermal liquefaction reaction produced is smashed the back through rubbing crusher 11 and is stored in storage sediment case 12, storage sediment case 12 is connected to the solid import of combustion chamber 13 and burns.
The fluid outlet of the cracking generator 21 is connected with the secondary preheater 23, so as to preheat the materials in the secondary preheater 23; the high-temperature high-pressure fluid after the residue is removed is cooled by a secondary preheater 23 and then enters the gas-liquid separator 19 through a back pressure valve 22. The bottom of the gas-liquid separator 19 is provided with a liquid outlet, the top of the gas-liquid separator 19 is provided with a gas outlet, the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 19 is connected with a gas bomb 16, the gas in the gas bomb 16 is connected to the gas inlet of the combustion chamber 13, and the gas and the crushed solid are mixed and combusted in the combustion chamber 13; the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 19 is connected with the inlet of the centrifuge 18, the centrifuge 18 is provided with an oil phase outlet and a water phase outlet, the oil phase outlet is connected with the oil storage tank 17, the water phase outlet is connected with the cooler 15, and a circulating water loop with a circulating water pump 9 and a circulating water tank 6 is further arranged between the cooler 15 and the primary preheater 24 and used for transferring heat released in the cooling process of the cooler 15 to the primary preheater 24 to heat material slurry.
The combustor 13 has gas and solid inlets for respectively receiving the gas separated from the gas-liquid separator 19 and the solid residue after hydrothermal reaction. The combustion chamber 13 is provided with a flue gas outlet, and the flue gas outlet is respectively connected with the hydrothermal reactor 7 and the cracking generator 21 through a first heat exchanger 10 and a second heat exchanger 20 to heat the hydrothermal reactor and the cracking generator 21. At the bottom of the combustion chamber 13 there is an ash hopper into which the ashes after combustion will enter.
The preparation of the biological liquid fuel by the embodiment comprises the following processes:
After passing through each stage of preheater in sequence, the material is continuously heated to the reaction temperature in the hydrothermal reactor 7 and subjected to hydrothermal liquefaction reaction.
The product generated by the hydrothermal liquefaction reaction is subjected to solid-liquid separation to obtain high-temperature high-pressure fluid, the high-temperature high-pressure fluid is continuously heated in a cracking generator 21 to perform cracking reaction so as to generate oil with smaller molecules, the fluid at the outlet of the cracking generator 21 is cooled by a secondary preheater 23, then flows through a back pressure valve 22 and enters a gas-liquid separator 19 to perform gas-liquid separation, the separated gas phase is stored in a gas storage bottle 16, and the gas storage bottle 16 is connected to the inlet of the combustion chamber 13. The separated liquid phase is separated into a water phase and an oil phase by a centrifuge 18, wherein the oil phase is stored in the oil storage tank 17, the water phase is stored in the liquid storage tank 14 after being cooled, and the heat released in the cooling process preheats the materials in the primary preheater 24 by a circulating water loop.
And separating residues generated by the hydrothermal liquefaction reaction by using a solid-liquid separator 8, feeding the separated residues into a crusher 11, temporarily storing the crushed residues in a residue storage tank 12, and connecting an outlet of the residue storage tank 12 to a combustion chamber 13 for combustion.
The temperature of the gas-liquid separator 19 is controlled below the saturation temperature of water to ensure that water is not mixed into the gas phase as steam.
It can be seen that, compare prior art, the utility model discloses a have following technical advantage:
1. By adding the reducing gas, the quality of the prepared biological liquid fuel is improved.
2. the crude oil is further cracked by the cracking generator 21, and the quality of the biological liquid fuel is further improved.
3. The two-stage preheater can make full use of the heat in the cooling process to preheat materials, thereby saving energy.
4. The full components of the kitchen waste and the microalgae are fully utilized, high-quality liquid fuel is obtained, solid residues and gas can be combusted to obtain heat to heat the hydrothermal reactor 7 and the cracking generator 21, and energy self-balance of a reaction system is realized.
5. the use of the solid-liquid separator 8, the centrifuge 18, the gas-liquid separator 19, and the like enables the entire system to operate continuously and efficiently, and the bio-liquid fuel can be produced on a large scale.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be regarded as equivalent replacement modes, and are all included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A reaction system for preparing liquid fuel by mixing kitchen waste and microalgae and performing hydrothermal liquefaction is characterized in that:
Including pan feeding device, high-pressure pump (1), one-level pre-heater (24), second grade pre-heater (23) and hydrothermal reactor (7), solid-liquid separator (8) that connect gradually, the solid export of solid-liquid separator (8) connects gradually the solid import of storage residue case (12) and combustion chamber (13), the fluid outlet of solid-liquid separator (8) connects gradually pyrolysis generator (21), second grade pre-heater (23), gas-liquid separator (19), the gas outlet of gas-liquid separator (19) connects gradually the gas inlet of bomb (16) and combustion chamber (13), the liquid outlet connection of gas-liquid separator (19) is equipped with centrifuge (18) of oil phase export and water phase export, oil phase exit linkage oil storage tank (17), water phase export connects gradually cooler (15) and liquid reserve tank (14).
2. The reaction system of claim 1, wherein: a circulating water loop with a circulating water pump (9) and a circulating water tank (6) is also arranged between the cooler (15) and the primary preheater (24) and is used for transferring heat released in the cooling process of the cooler (15) to the primary preheater (24) to heat the material slurry.
3. The reaction system of claim 1, wherein: the combustion chamber (13) is provided with a flue gas outlet, the flue gas outlet is respectively connected with the hydrothermal reactor (7) and the cracking generator (21) through a first heat exchanger (10) and a second heat exchanger (20) to heat the hydrothermal reactor and the cracking generator (21).
4. The reaction system of claim 3, wherein: the first heat exchanger (10) and the second heat exchanger (20) are dividing wall type heat exchangers.
5. The reaction system of claim 1, wherein: a crusher (11) is also connected between the solid outlet of the solid-liquid separator (8) and the slag storage box (12).
6. The reaction system of claim 1, wherein: the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator (19) is arranged at the top of the gas-liquid separator (19), and the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator (19) is arranged at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator (19).
7. the reaction system of claim 1, wherein: and a back pressure valve (22) is also arranged on a pipeline between the secondary preheater (23) and the gas-liquid separator (19).
8. The reaction system of claim 1, wherein: and an ash hopper with a gate valve is arranged at the bottom of the combustion chamber (13) and used for containing burnt ash.
9. The reaction system of claim 1, wherein: pipeline between high-pressure pump (1) and one-level preheater (24) on the other booster compressor (4) and gas bomb (5) of having connect in proper order, be stored with reducing gas in gas bomb (5), reducing gas is hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
10. The reaction system of claim 1, wherein: the feeding device comprises a storage box (3) and a material crushing machine (2) arranged at the inlet of the storage box (3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821505436.6U CN209759383U (en) | 2018-09-14 | 2018-09-14 | Reaction system for preparing liquid fuel by mixing kitchen waste and microalgae and performing hydrothermal liquefaction |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201821505436.6U CN209759383U (en) | 2018-09-14 | 2018-09-14 | Reaction system for preparing liquid fuel by mixing kitchen waste and microalgae and performing hydrothermal liquefaction |
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| CN209759383U true CN209759383U (en) | 2019-12-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201821505436.6U Expired - Fee Related CN209759383U (en) | 2018-09-14 | 2018-09-14 | Reaction system for preparing liquid fuel by mixing kitchen waste and microalgae and performing hydrothermal liquefaction |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112979359A (en) * | 2021-03-14 | 2021-06-18 | 北京四维天拓技术有限公司 | Continuous organic fertilizer water thermal cracking system |
| WO2021141866A1 (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2021-07-15 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Hydrothermal liquefaction system |
-
2018
- 2018-09-14 CN CN201821505436.6U patent/CN209759383U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021141866A1 (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2021-07-15 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Hydrothermal liquefaction system |
| US11279882B2 (en) | 2020-01-10 | 2022-03-22 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Hydrothermal liquefaction system |
| US11661552B2 (en) | 2020-01-10 | 2023-05-30 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Hydrothermal liquefaction system |
| CN112979359A (en) * | 2021-03-14 | 2021-06-18 | 北京四维天拓技术有限公司 | Continuous organic fertilizer water thermal cracking system |
| CN112979359B (en) * | 2021-03-14 | 2022-03-08 | 北京四维天拓技术有限公司 | Continuous organic fertilizer water thermal cracking system |
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Granted publication date: 20191210 Termination date: 20210914 |