CN209732050U

CN209732050U - Intelligent cleaning device of grain harvester

Info

Publication number: CN209732050U
Application number: CN201920273932.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汤庆; 王刚; 江涛; 吴俊�; 金梅; 李海同; 沐森林; 关卓怀
Original assignee: Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
Current assignee: Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
Priority date: 2019-03-05
Filing date: 2019-03-05
Publication date: 2019-12-06
Anticipated expiration: 2029-03-05

Abstract

The utility model relates to a grain harvester intelligence cleaning plant belongs to agricultural machine technical field. The device comprises a shaking plate, a self-balancing vibrating screen and a fan, wherein the shaking plate is positioned below a concave plate screen; the front part and the middle part of a groove-shaped main body fixedly connected with a frame of the self-balancing vibrating screen are fixedly connected with a front hinged support and a rear hinged support respectively; the upper part between the front and the rear hinged brackets is respectively hinged with an upper sieve, and the lower part is respectively hinged with a lower sieve; one of the front and rear hinged supports is also hinged with one end of an electric control telescopic device, and the other end of the electric control telescopic device is hinged with one of the upper screen and the lower screen; one side of the upper sieve and one side of the lower sieve are respectively hinged with two ends of the connecting rod to form a parallel four-bar linkage. The utility model discloses the slope that can the automatic compensation hillside fields keeps the sifter all the time to be in the horizontality, effectively gram the miscellaneous mixture of seed grain that obeys concave plate sieve to fall and pile up left or right, avoid consequently and the cleaning difficulty and the cleaning loss that lead to increase.

Description

Intelligent cleaning device of grain harvester

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a grain harvester, concretely relates to grain harvester intelligence cleaning plant belongs to agricultural machine technical field.

Background

The popularization of the grain harvester greatly improves the mechanized harvesting level. In the case of grain harvesters, cleaning performance is an important measure of the overall operating performance, since the harvest loss is mainly due to cleaning losses. In practice, particularly, the harvester which operates on fields with large feeding amount and gradient has serious material accumulation, large cleaning difficulty and easy loss.

According to the knowledge of the applicant, most of the existing grain combine harvesters adopt an air-screen type cleaning system, the mixture of grains, short stalks, glumes and the like which are removed by a threshing and separating device enters a cleaning device, the cleaning device is provided with screen pieces with proper specifications according to the difference of the geometrical sizes of the grains, the purpose of separation is achieved under the reciprocating motion of the screen pieces, and light impurities are removed by utilizing the difference of the suspension speed.

the self-propelled vertical biaxial flow wind sieve cleaning device for the millet combine disclosed in the Chinese patent ZL201620406662.3 is composed of a stepped shaking plate, a stepped punching type upper cleaning sieve, a woven type lower cleaning sieve and the like, the effect of cleaning the millet is achieved through different configurations of sieve sheets, but the cleaning device is narrow in application range and only suitable for harvesting the millet in flat fields. The grain cleaning device disclosed in Chinese patent ZL201310189210.5 and the combine harvester with the cleaning device are suitable for small-sized combine harvesters, two chaff sieves with upward inclination angles are arranged in the front and back, and the tail part of each chaff sieve is provided with a tail sieve with an upward inclination angle. In addition, a material guide plate is arranged between a threshing section concave plate and a cleaning device of the threshing and cleaning device of the longitudinal axial flow combine harvester disclosed by the Chinese patent ZL201510607324.6, and auxiliary bran discharge openings are respectively arranged at an upper sieve box of the cleaning device. The novel cleaning device for the small-sized rice and wheat combine harvester disclosed in the Chinese patent ZL201510720903.1 is provided with a blanking air suction duct juxtaposed with a grain conveying pipe, an air inlet of the blanking air suction duct is formed in a discharge port, the grain conveying pipe is communicated with the blanking air suction duct at the air inlet, and grains can be subjected to impurity removal in the conveying and bag falling processes. In addition, the threshing and cleaning device of the longitudinal axial flow combine harvester disclosed in the chinese patent ZL201210250990.5 is characterized in that a guide transition device with a low front part and a high rear part inclined is installed between the concave screen and the rear part of the planar vibrating screen, so that the rear half material on the concave screen falls onto the guide transition device and then falls onto the front half part of the planar vibrating screen, thereby effectively avoiding the loss caused by blowing and vibrating the falling seeds at the rear part of the concave screen to the outside of the device, and cleaning part of the material on the guide transition device again, thereby reducing the load of the planar vibrating screen and improving the cleaning efficiency and the qualification rate.

However, natural conditions in various regions are different greatly, low and slow hills are large, cultivated land flatness is poor, fields with slopes are large, the cleaning vibrating screen of the cleaning device of the existing grain harvester does not have a self-balancing function, and the wind speed of a fan cannot be adjusted in real time. In addition, when the machine works on a downward slope, materials are easy to accumulate forwards; when the machine is operated on an upward slope, materials are easily and quickly discharged out of the machine body; as a result, cleaning loss is caused by insufficient screening.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses a first aim at: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the intelligent cleaning device of the grain harvester with the vibrating screen capable of being automatically leveled is provided, so that the cleaning loss can be effectively avoided during the operation on the sloping field.

The utility model discloses further aim at: the intelligent cleaning device of the grain harvester can regulate and control the wind speed of the fan according to the gradient condition, so that cleaning loss can be effectively avoided in various operating environments.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model discloses a basic technical scheme is: an intelligent cleaning device of a grain harvester comprises a shaking plate positioned below a concave plate sieve, a self-balancing vibrating sieve connected with the output end of the shaking plate and a fan positioned at the input end of the self-balancing vibrating sieve; the self-balancing vibrating screen comprises a groove-shaped main body fixedly connected with a rack, and the front part and the middle part of the groove-shaped main body are fixedly connected with a front hinged support and a rear hinged support respectively; the upper part between the front hinged support and the rear hinged support is respectively hinged with an upper sieve, and the lower part is respectively hinged with a lower sieve; at least one of the front hinged support and the rear hinged support is also hinged with one end of an electric control telescopic device, and the other end of the electric control telescopic device is hinged with one of the upper screen and the lower screen; one side of the upper sieve and one side of the lower sieve are respectively hinged with two ends of the connecting rod to form a parallel four-bar mechanism.

When the machine body inclines left and right in the slope field operation, the electric control expansion device correspondingly expands and contracts under the control of the control circuit according to the output of the detection signal of the inclination angle sensor, so that the upper sieve and the lower sieve are driven to deflect reversely with the gradient under the action of the parallel four-bar linkage mechanism to compensate the inclination of the slope field, and the sieve surface is always kept in a horizontal state, so that the grain and impurity mixture falling from the concave plate sieve is effectively prevented from being accumulated leftwards or rightwards, and the difficulty in cleaning and the increase in cleaning loss caused by the accumulation are avoided.

In order to achieve a further purpose, a fan belt wheel is arranged on a rotating shaft of the fan and is in transmission connection with a driving belt wheel through a V-belt;

One side of the driving belt wheel is provided with a fixed pulley sheet coupled with a rotary power source, the other side of the driving belt wheel is provided with a sliding pulley sheet which is sleeved on a shaft sleeve of the fixed pulley sheet in an empty mode, the outer end of the sliding pulley sheet is connected with the middle of an adjusting crutch, one end of the adjusting crutch is hinged with a fixed support, the other end of the adjusting crutch is hinged with one end of a linkage rod, and the other end of the linkage rod is hinged with a thread block; the thread block and an axially constrained driving threaded rod form a screw pair, and the driving threaded rod is in transmission connection with an adjusting motor;

one side of the fan belt wheel is a fixed belt wheel sheet fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, the other side of the fan belt wheel is a sliding belt wheel sheet movably sleeved on a shaft sleeve of the fixed belt wheel sheet, and the sliding belt wheel sheet is provided with a spring which enables the sliding belt wheel sheet to tend to be close to the fixed belt wheel sheet.

Therefore, when the machine body inclines forwards and backwards in the slope field operation, the driving threaded rod correspondingly rotates under the control of the control circuit according to the output of the detection signal of the slope sensor, and then the linkage rod is driven to stretch through the screw pair, so that the adjusting crank allows the sliding pulley piece to be driven to be influenced by the tension of the triangular belt and to be far away from or close to the fixed pulley piece, and the effective transmission radius of the driving pulley is changed; meanwhile, the tension action of the V-belt at the belt wheel of the fan enables the sliding belt wheel sheet to correspondingly approach or separate from the fixed belt wheel sheet, and the effective transmission radius of the belt wheel of the fan is correspondingly changed; finally, the aim of correspondingly adjusting the air quantity of the fan according to the front and back inclined states of the machine body is achieved, namely the wind power is strengthened when the fan goes downhill and the wind power is weakened when the fan goes uphill, so that the trend that materials are accumulated forward or are quickly discharged is compensated, the full screening is ensured, and the cleaning loss is further reduced.

The utility model is further perfected in that the middle part and the lower end of the groove-shaped main body are hinged with the upper end of a swing crutch of the frame, and an eccentric wheel driven by a power source at the middle part of the swing crutch forms a crank rocker mechanism through a connecting arm; the front end of the groove-shaped main body is hinged with the lower end of a connecting rod, the middle of the connecting rod is hinged to the lower end of a rack, the upper end of the connecting rod is hinged to the bottom of the middle of the shaking plate, and one end of the shaking plate is hinged to the rack through a swinging rod. Therefore, the shaking plate and the vibrating screen are linked by a simple and reasonable mechanism.

Drawings

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a grain harvester adopting the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the self-balancing vibrating screen of the embodiment of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the combination of the upper and lower screens of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the upper screen of fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the lower screen of fig. 3.

Fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the fan speed change mechanism of the embodiment of fig. 2.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the fan pulley configuration of fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the drive pulley structure of fig. 7.

Fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of the fastening pulley plate in fig. 9.

Detailed Description

The front part of the grain harvester in figure 1 is a header, and the middle part is provided with an intelligent cleaning device A of the grain harvester.

the specific structure of the device is shown in fig. 2, and the device comprises a shaking plate 3 positioned below a concave plate screen 4, a self-balancing vibrating screen 2 positioned below the output end of the shaking plate 3 and connected with the shaking plate, and an automatic speed regulating fan 1 positioned at the input end of the self-balancing vibrating screen 2.

As shown in fig. 3 and referring to fig. 4, 5 and 6, the front part and the middle part of the groove-shaped main body 5 fixedly connected with the frame are fixedly connected with a T-shaped front hinged support 26 and a cross-shaped rear hinged support 27 respectively. The upper part between the front hinge bracket 26 and the rear hinge bracket 27 is hinged with the position-changing shaft 601 at the middle part of the two ends of the upper screen 6, and the lower part is hinged with the rotating shaft 801 on the lower screen 8, one end of the rotating shaft extends out of the lower screen 8, and the other end is positioned in the bottom surface of the lower screen 8. The top of the cross-shaped rear hinged bracket 27 of this embodiment is hinged to one end of an adjusting electric cylinder 7 serving as an electric control telescopic device, and the other end of the adjusting electric cylinder 7 is hinged to one side of an upper screen frame 603 of the upper screen 6. The upper screen frame 603 has an upper screen 602 fixed therein. The lower screen sheet 804 is fixed in the lower screen frame 802 of the lower screen 8. One side of the upper screen frame 603 and one side of the lower screen frame 802 are respectively provided with a linkage shaft 604 and a linkage pin 803 which are corresponding in position, and the linkage shaft 604 and the linkage pin 803 are respectively hinged with two ends of the connecting rod 28, so that the frame, the upper screen 6, the lower screen 8 and the connecting rod 28 form a parallel four-bar linkage.

The middle part and the lower end of the groove-shaped main body 5 are hinged with the upper end of a swing crutch 29 of the frame, and an eccentric wheel 31 driven by a power source at the middle part of the swing crutch 29 forms a crank rocker mechanism through a connecting arm 30. The front end ear plate of the groove-shaped main body 5 is hinged with the lower end of a connecting rod 28 with the middle part hinged on the frame, the upper end of the connecting rod 28 is hinged with the middle bottom of the shaking plate 3, and one end of the shaking plate 3 is hinged on the frame through a swinging rod 32. Therefore, a linkage driving mechanism of the vibrating screen and the shaking plate is formed, and the same power source can simultaneously drive the self-balancing vibrating screen and the shaking plate to do reciprocating motion to screen materials.

In addition, the front parts of the upper sieve 6 and the lower sieve 8 are overlapped up and down, the upper sieve 6 is grown out of the rear part of the lower sieve 8, so that most of the materials which just fall into the lower sieve after being sieved by the upper sieve to continue sieving, the sieving effect is ensured, and a small amount of the materials which are not sieved by the upper sieve fall into the rear part of the lower sieve to be sieved.

Referring to fig. 7 to 10, the rotating shaft of the automatic speed regulation fan 1 of the embodiment is provided with a fan belt wheel 9, and the fan belt wheel 9 is in transmission connection with a driving belt wheel 13 through a V-belt 10. One side of the driving pulley 13 is a fixed pulley sheet 1303 coupled with the rotary power source, and the other side is a sliding pulley sheet 1302 which is sleeved on a spline shaft sleeve of the petal section in the middle of the fixed pulley sheet 1303, and the two sheets form an axial moving pair. The outer end of the sliding pulley piece 1302 is connected with the middle part of the adjusting crutch 12, and the concrete structure of the embodiment is as follows: the outer end of the sliding pulley piece 1302 is sleeved with a bearing 1301, and the circular ring in the middle of the adjusting crank 12 is correspondingly contacted with the inner ring of the bearing 1301, so that the sliding pulley piece 1302 can be axially pushed. One end of the adjusting crutch 12 is hinged with the fixed bracket 15 through a pin 14, the other end is hinged with one end of a linkage rod 16 through a pin 11, and the other end of the linkage rod 16 is hinged with a thread block 21. The screw block 21 and the rotatable driving threaded rod 20 axially constrained by the bearing seat 22 form a screw pair, the screw block 21 extends out of the sliding support block 19 with a smooth hole, and the smooth hole and a smooth rod at the end part of the driving threaded rod 20 form a moving pair, so that a guiding effect is achieved, and the stable translation of the screw block 21 is ensured when the driving threaded rod 20 rotates. The polished rod end of the driving threaded rod 20 is provided with a retainer ring 17 and a gasket 18 which play a role of limiting. The other end of the driving screw rod 20 is provided with a driven gear 23 engaged with a driving gear 24 driven by an adjusting motor 25 so as to be rotated as required by the adjusting motor.

Referring to fig. 8, one side of the fan pulley 9 is a fixed pulley plate 902 fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of the fan, the other side is a sliding pulley plate 903 movably sleeved on a shaft sleeve of the fixed pulley plate 902, and the sliding pulley plate 903 is provided with a set of springs 904 enabling the sliding pulley plate to approach the fixed pulley plate 902 through a long bolt 905, a spacer 906 and a nut 901. The spring 904 has a function of directly causing the sliding pulley piece 903 to tend to approach the fixed pulley piece 902, and also has a function of indirectly causing the sliding pulley piece 1302 to tend to move away from the sliding pulley piece 1302 through the v-belt 10.

The adjustment electric cylinder 7 and the adjustment motor 25 are respectively controlled by a control circuit C which sends out corresponding control signals according to input signals of the sensor S, and the control circuit C is powered by a battery E (see fig. 3). According to actual need, the sensor usually includes angle sensor, distance sensor and fan speed sensor etc. and control circuit uses the singlechip as the core, contains a plurality of control ports, can with host computer communication, and with have the warning and the liquid crystal display that data real-time display is connected.

Experiments show that the grain harvester adopting the embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

1. The upper screen and the lower screen can realize the front-back reciprocating vibration motion together with the vibrating screen main body, and can be automatically turned and adjusted to be kept horizontal when the harvester inclines left and right, and the upper screen and the lower screen are synchronously turned, so that the structure is simple, the power consumption is low, and the influence on the cleaning effect caused by the left and right inclined accumulation of materials is effectively avoided.

2. When the vibrating screen inclines front and back due to the fact that the harvester goes up a slope and goes down a slope, the rotating speed of the cleaning fan can be automatically adjusted: when the machine goes up a slope, the air speed is automatically reduced, the air quantity is reduced, the retention time of materials on the screen surface is increased, the screening effect is ensured, and the loss caused by the fact that the materials are easily blown out of the machine body at the moment is avoided; when the cleaning sieve goes downhill, the wind speed is automatically increased to increase the wind volume, the material is blown to prevent blockage, the accumulation at the front part of the cleaning sieve is avoided, the high grain impurity rate caused by the penetration of impurities through the sieve is prevented, and the cleaning quality is ensured.

3. The upper screen and the lower screen are vertically separated from the front hinged support and the rear hinged support and are hinged after being arranged in a staggered mode, the front hinged support and the rear hinged support are fixed on the vibrating screen main body, the upper screen and the lower screen can freely rotate along with the reciprocating motion of the vibrating screen main body, the structure is simple, the cleaning effect can be guaranteed, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, the weight is reduced, and the overall stability is improved.

4. The driving belt wheel and the fan belt wheel automatically adjust the effective transmission diameter by means of the relative sliding structure of the driving belt wheel and the fan belt wheel so as to adjust the rotating speed of the fan, and the fan belt wheel has the advantages of simple structure, large transmission torque and low manufacturing cost.

In addition, when the grain harvester inclines left and right, the control circuit controls and adjusts the electric cylinder to correspondingly stretch according to left and right inclination angle signals detected by the inclination angle sensor, so that the upper sieve and the lower sieve are driven to rotate to reach the horizontal position; and then, if the distance detected by the distance sensor does not reach the set calibration value, a detection signal is fed back to the control circuit, and the stretching of the electric cylinder is corrected and adjusted again until the upper screen and the lower screen accurately reach the horizontal position.

In a word, adopt this embodiment properly to solve simultaneously that the grain harvester left and right sides slope and the material that the front and back slope leads to piles up the difficult problem, effectively avoided the cleaning loss that consequently leads to, show the efficiency and the operation effect that have improved grain harvest operation, be suitable for the field piece of different slopes.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a grain harvester intelligence cleaning plant, contains and is located shaking board (3) under notch board sieve (4), its characterized in that: the vibrating screen also comprises a self-balancing vibrating screen (2) connected with the output end of the vibrating plate and a fan (1) positioned at the input end of the self-balancing vibrating screen; the self-balancing vibrating screen comprises a groove-shaped main body (5) fixedly connected with a rack, wherein the front part and the middle part of the groove-shaped main body are fixedly connected with a front hinged support (26) and a rear hinged support (27) respectively; the upper part between the front hinged support (26) and the rear hinged support (27) is respectively hinged with the upper sieve (6), and the lower part is respectively hinged with the lower sieve (8); at least one of the front hinged support (26) and the rear hinged support (27) is also hinged with one end of an electric control telescopic device, and the other end of the electric control telescopic device is hinged with one of the upper screen and the lower screen; one side of the upper sieve and one side of the lower sieve are respectively hinged with two ends of a connecting rod (28) to form a parallel four-bar linkage.

2. the intelligent cleaning plant of a grain harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: a fan belt wheel (9) is arranged on a rotating shaft of the fan, and the fan belt wheel is in transmission connection with a driving belt wheel through a V-belt (10);

One side of the driving belt wheel is provided with a fixed pulley sheet (1303) coupled with a rotary power source, the other side of the driving belt wheel is provided with a sliding pulley sheet (1302) sleeved on a shaft sleeve of the fixed pulley sheet in a hollow mode, the outer end of the sliding pulley sheet is connected with the middle of an adjusting crutch (12), one end of the adjusting crutch is hinged to a fixed support (15), the other end of the adjusting crutch is hinged to one end of a linkage rod (16), and the other end of the linkage rod is hinged to a thread block (21); the thread block and an axially constrained driving threaded rod (20) form a screw pair, and the driving threaded rod is in transmission connection with an adjusting motor (25);

One side of the fan belt wheel is a fixed belt wheel sheet (902) fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, the other side of the fan belt wheel is a sliding belt wheel sheet (903) movably sleeved on a shaft sleeve of the fixed belt wheel sheet, and the sliding belt wheel sheet is provided with a spring (904) enabling the sliding belt wheel sheet to tend to be close to the fixed belt wheel sheet.

3. The intelligent cleaning device of a grain harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: the middle part and the lower end of the groove-shaped main body are hinged with the upper end of a swing crutch (29) of the frame, and an eccentric wheel (31) driven by a power source at the middle part of the swing crutch forms a crank rocker mechanism through a connecting arm (30); the front end of the groove-shaped main body is hinged with the lower end of a connecting rod (28) of which the middle part is hinged to the rack, the upper end of the connecting rod is hinged with the middle bottom of a shaking plate, and one end of the shaking plate is hinged to the rack through a swinging rod (32).

4. An intelligent cleaning plant of a grain harvester according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the outer end of the sliding pulley piece is sleeved with a bearing, and the ring in the middle of the adjusting crank is in corresponding contact with the inner ring of the bearing.

5. The intelligent cleaning device of a grain harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: the threaded block extends out of a sliding supporting block with a unthreaded hole, and the unthreaded hole and a polished rod at the end part of the driving threaded rod form a sliding pair.

6. the intelligent cleaning device of a grain harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that: the front parts of the upper sieve and the lower sieve are overlapped up and down, and the rear part of the lower sieve is provided with the upper sieve.