CN209707079U - Railway fastening elastic rod high-cycle fatigue dynamic loading test machine - Google Patents
Railway fastening elastic rod high-cycle fatigue dynamic loading test machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN209707079U CN209707079U CN201822269162.1U CN201822269162U CN209707079U CN 209707079 U CN209707079 U CN 209707079U CN 201822269162 U CN201822269162 U CN 201822269162U CN 209707079 U CN209707079 U CN 209707079U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a kind of railway fastening elastic rod high-cycle fatigue dynamic loading test machines, including rack (1), motor (2), driving shaft mechanism (3), it loads link mechanism (4), loading blocks (5) and spring clamping holder structure (6), protective cover (7) and rack table (8), the driving shaft mechanism (3) includes the small pulley (21) on motor (2) output shaft, camshaft (31), big belt wheel (33) and cam (34), wherein small pulley (21) and big belt wheel (33) pass through tooth form band connection, the big belt wheel (33) and cam (34) is mounted on camshaft (31), the load link mechanism (4) contacts cam (34), the other end connects loading blocks (5), loading blocks (5) connection is mounted on spring clamping holder structure (6) spring sample (62).Compared with prior art, the utility model loading blocks output loading frequency can reach 5000Hz, while have many advantages, such as safety convenient for observation.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of fastening elastic rod fatigue testers of railway territory.Particular for the high-cycle fatigue of spring
Simulation test machine.
Background technique
Fastener system especially connects the spring of rail and track, in train as the critical component in railway track structure
It plays an important role in safe operation.
Currently, the testing machine that existing contacting piece spring carries out fatigue test can only all do the fatigue examination of 20Hz or less low frequency
It tests.As the raising a large amount of routes of especially high-speed railway etc. of train running speed being opened and running, the low-frequency tests of spring
Method cannot fully meet the requirement for designing spring and applying.The especially spring that uses of high-speed railway, according to more documents
Report, the fatigue defect frequency range of spring are 500Hz~700Hz, are existing low frequencies how in laboratory simulations simulation high frequency test
What testing machine or conventional high frequency vibration mechine were unable to reach.Thus, it is based on this reason, need to design and imitate spring and do high frequency fortune
The fatigue test system of dynamic (>=20Hz).
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model be exactly in order to overcome the problems of the above-mentioned prior art and one kind is provided being capable of basis
Response frequency in spring practical application carries out the railway fastening elastic rod high-cycle fatigue dynamic of high-frequency dynamic fatigue simulation loading
Loading tester.
The purpose of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of railway fastening elastic rod high-cycle fatigue
Dynamic loading test machine, including rack, motor, driving shaft mechanism, load link mechanism, loading blocks and spring clamping holder structure,
Protective cover and rack table, which is characterized in that the driving shaft mechanism include small pulley on motor output shaft, camshaft,
Big belt wheel and cam, wherein by tooth form band connection, the big belt wheel and cam are mounted on camshaft for small pulley and big belt wheel
On, the load link mechanism contacts cam, and the other end connects loading blocks, and the loading blocks connection is mounted on spring clamping
The spring sample of holder structure;
In use, small pulley rotation on starting motor driven output shaft, so that big belt wheel, camshaft and cam be driven to turn
Dynamic, cam driven loads the rotation of link mechanism high frequency period, and the high frequency pumping of generation is passed through loading blocks to mounted in holder bullet
The pre-installation spring sample of clamping holder structure carries out high frequency amplitude excitations and fatigue loading.
Further, the cam is eccentric cam, eccentricity range 0mm~5mm, can according to loading frequency size and
It loads amplitude size requirements and adjusts the dynamically load that cam eccentric distance realizes first order low frequency f1 and amplitude d1, the range of f1 is
0-50Hz, f1=motor output speeds/transmission ratio i, wherein transmission ratio i=active wheel speed/secondary speed=(driven wheel
Diameter/active wheel diameter)/(1- sliding ratio);Wherein driving wheel is small pulley, and driven wheel is big belt wheel.
Further, the cam is original shape or ellipse, is uniformly distributed n uniform wavelength and the depth of convolution on periphery
The concave-convex polygonal structure of d2 realizes the load of second level high frequency, and the range of n is 0-200, realizes the model of high frequency loading frequency f2, d2
It encloses for 0-1mm;The range of high frequency loading frequency f2=nf1, high frequency loading frequency f2 are 0-5000Hz,
Cam may include the structure of different-diameter and different polygon orders, if the diameter of cam is φ, spring sample is buckled
The distance of pressure point to load connecting rod fixing end is l1, and it is l2 to the distance of load connecting rod movable end that spring sample, which is withheld a little, then:
The amplitude d=d2l1/ (l1+l2) of spring.
Further, on the rolling bearing pedestal fixed frame table top that the camshaft passes through both ends;
Further, manual rocker handle is arranged in described camshaft one end.
Further, the load link mechanism includes bearing block, bearing, loads connecting rod and rolling bearing, described
It loads connecting rod one end and rolling bearing is set, the other end is fixed on bearing block by bearing, wherein rolling bearing and the cam
It directly contacts, bearing block is fixed on rack table, and the loading blocks are connected with load connecting rod.
Further, the rolling bearing is rolled around cam circumferencial direction high frequency period, and load connecting rod will generate high frequency
Amplitude is motivated, and transmits high frequency amplitude to loading blocks, the hardness of rolling bearing and cam when being in rolling contact frequently matches, the two
Material needs to carry out quenched and quenching treatment.
Further, the loading blocks bear in test the high-frequency vibration that cam is given, while bearing spring sample
The preloaded force given, preloaded force range are 0-20KN.
Further, the spring clamping holder structure includes clamping seat, stud, nut, the spring sample according to
Normal use operating condition is fixed on clamping seat, and carries out preloaded force size by the stud at clamping seat both ends and nut
It adjusts.
Further, the spring clamping holder structure can carry out the installation and fatigue of different fastening elastic rod sample structures
Test, spring sample structure include " ω " type, " e " type, FC type and elastic rod or elastic slice;
Further, foil gauge and sensor will be installed on the loading blocks and spring sample, and will pass through test record system
The amplitude and frequency size of system record spring.
Further, the motor is variable-frequency motor, can be rung according to the requirement loading frequency of spring sample
Frequency modulation is answered, tuning range 0Hz~100Hz, after driving shaft mechanism, load link mechanism, loading blocks export different load frequencies
Rate.
Further, the protective cover covers workbench, and protective cover is in fastening guard mode during test,
With guarantee test safety, transparent viewing surface is arranged in the protective cover, to observe at any time test situation;Whole test
Machine adjusts the horizontality of entire testing machine by four support legs of rack.
Compared with prior art, eccentric cam of the utility model testing machine by one special construction of design, the cam
Surface is equipped with multiple protrusions and groove, in the rotation of motor driven eccentric cam, can add what is contacted with the eccentric cam surface
It carries connecting rod and generates high frequency pumping amplitude, load connecting rod carries out the loading blocks of excitation to the pre-installation spring sample on clamping seat high
Frequency amplitude excitations and fatigue loading, loading blocks output loading frequency can reach 5000Hz.Meanwhile protective cover is in during test
Guard mode is fastened, ensure that test safety, transparent viewing surface can be set in protective cover, to see at any time to test situation
It examines.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the drive mechanism schematic diagram of the utility model.
Fig. 3 is the camshaft drive structural schematic diagram of the utility model.
Fig. 4 is the cam structure schematic diagram of the utility model.
Fig. 5 is the load link mechanism schematic diagram of the utility model.
Fig. 6 is the magnitude determinations schematic illustration of the utility model.
Fig. 7 is the spring clamping holder structure schematic diagram of embodiment 1.
Fig. 8 is the spring clamping holder structure schematic diagram of embodiment 2.
Fig. 9 is the spring clamping holder structure schematic diagram of embodiment 3.
In figure, symbol is expressed as: 1, rack;2, motor;3 driving shaft mechanisms;4, link mechanism is loaded;5, loading blocks;6,
Spring clamping holder structure;7, protective cover;8, rack table;9, support leg;10, deck plate;11, manual rocker handle;21, small band
Wheel;31, camshaft;32, camshaft bearing;33 big belt wheels;34, cam;35, rolling bearing pedestal;41, bearing block;42, bearing;
43, connecting rod is loaded;44, rolling bearing;61, clamping seat;62, spring sample;63, stud;64, nut;65, spring seat;66,
Pedestal.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is described in detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Fig. 1~2, a kind of railway fastening elastic rod high-cycle fatigue dynamic loading test machine, including rack 1, motor
2, driving shaft mechanism 3, load link mechanism 4, loading blocks 5 and spring clamping holder structure 6, protective cover 7 and rack table 8,
In, the driving shaft mechanism 3 includes small pulley 21, camshaft 31, big belt wheel 33 and the cam 34 on 2 output shaft of motor,
Middle small pulley 21 is with big belt wheel 33 by tooth form band connection, and the big belt wheel 33 and cam 34 are mounted on camshaft 31, institute
The camshaft 31 stated by the 35 fixed frame table top 8 of rolling bearing pedestal at both ends, camshaft 31 and rolling bearing pedestal 35 it
Between be equipped with camshaft bearing 32, manual rocker handle 11 is arranged in described 31 one end of camshaft, as shown in Figure 3-4.
The load link mechanism 4 includes bearing block 41, bearing 42, loads connecting rod 43 and rolling bearing 44, described
It loads 43 one end of connecting rod and rolling bearing 44 is set, the other end is fixed on bearing block 41 by bearing 42, wherein rolling bearing 44
It is directly contacted with the cam 34, bearing block 41 is fixed on rack table 8, and the loading blocks 5 are connected with load connecting rod 43
It connects.The rolling bearing 44 is rolled around 34 circumferencial direction high frequency period of cam, and load connecting rod 43 will generate high frequency pumping amplitude,
And it transmits high frequency amplitude and drives loading blocks 5 to carry out dynamically load, rolling bearing 44 and cam 34 to spring sample 62 to loading blocks 5
Hardness matching problem when considering that high frequency is in rolling contact in design, the two material need to carry out quenched and quenching treatment.Such as Fig. 5
It is shown.
The spring clamping holder structure 6 include clamping seat 61, stud 63, nut 64, the spring sample 62 according to
Normal use operating condition is fixed on clamping seat 61, and is preloaded by the stud 63 and nut 64 at 61 both ends of clamping seat
The adjusting of power size.As shown in Figure 2,6.Loading blocks 5 are subjected in test the high-frequency vibration that cam 34 is given, and bear simultaneously
The preloaded force that spring sample 62 is given, preloaded force range are 0-20kN;The loading force of spring sample passes through spring clamping seat
The stud 63 and nut 64 at 6 both ends of structure carry out the adjusting of preloaded force size.The spring clamping holder structure 6 can carry out
The installation and fatigue test of " ω " type fastening elastic rod sample structure.
The protective cover 7 covers the deck plate 10 of workbench, and protective cover 7 is in fastening protection shape during test
State, with guarantee test safety, transparent viewing surface is arranged in the protective cover 7, to observe at any time test situation;Whole
Testing machine adjusts the horizontality of entire testing machine by four support legs 9 of rack 1.As shown in Figure 1.
The working principle of high frequency testing machine are as follows: starting motor 2 drives small pulley 21 on output shaft, toothed belt and camshaft 31
On big belt wheel 33 connect, according to design transmission ratio synchronous drive camshaft 31 on cam 34, cam 34 drive load connecting rod
44 high frequency period of rolling bearing of 4 one end of mechanism rotates, and load connecting rod 43 will generate high frequency pumping amplitude, and load connecting rod 43 will swash
The loading blocks 5 encouraged carry out high frequency amplitude excitations and fatigue loading, test to the pre-installation spring 62 shot on a clamping holder structure 6
Protective cover 7 is in fastening guard mode in the process.Whole testing machine will adjust entire test by four support legs 9 of rack 1
The horizontality of machine.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, motor 2 is variable-frequency motor, can be rung according to the requirement loading frequency of spring sample 62
Frequency modulation is answered, tuning range 0Hz~100Hz, after driving shaft mechanism 3, load link mechanism 4, loading blocks 5 export loading frequency
It can reach 5000Hz;Motor output small pulley 21 in driving shaft mechanism 3 and the big belt wheel 33 on camshaft 31 pass through toothed belt
Connection, transmission ratio i=active wheel speed/secondary speed=(driven wheel diameter/active wheel diameter)/(1- sliding ratio),
Middle driving wheel is small pulley 21, and driven wheel is big belt wheel 33.
In conjunction with Fig. 3, Fig. 4, cam 34 is in order to play the high frequency pumping effect on circumference, and cam structure sets for bias when design
It sets, eccentricity range 0mm~5mm, 34 eccentric distance of cam can be adjusted according to loading frequency size and load amplitude size requirements,
Realize that the dynamically load of first order low frequency f1 and amplitude d1, the range of f1 are 0-50Hz, f1=motor output speeds/transmission ratio
I, wherein transmission ratio i=active wheel speed/secondary speed=(driven wheel diameter/active wheel diameter)/(1- sliding ratio);Its
Middle driving wheel is small pulley 21, and driven wheel is big belt wheel 33.
It is uniformly distributed n polygon on 34 periphery of cam, the concave-convex polygonal structure with uniform wavelength and depth of convolution d2
Realize the load of second level high frequency, the range of n is 0-200, realizes that the range of high frequency loading frequency f2, d2 are 0-1mm;High frequency adds
The range of carrier frequency rate f2=nf1, high frequency loading frequency f2 are 0-5000Hz, and cam 34 may include that different-diameter and difference are more
The structure of side shape order, if the diameter of cam 34 is φ, spring sample 62 is withheld a little is to the distance of load 43 fixing end of connecting rod
L1, it is l2 to the distance of load 43 movable end of connecting rod that spring sample 62, which is withheld a little, then: the amplitude d=d2l1/ (l1+ of spring
l2)。
The quantity of certain amount uniform wavelength and depth of convolution concaveconvex structure, a cycle wavelength and the depth of convolution can be according to formula meter
It calculates: n=analog frequency/(selection motor output speeds/transmission ratio i), transmission ratio i and above-mentioned i value herein is identical, 34 knot of cam
Structure can be designed as original shape or ellipse.
Embodiment 2:
Embodiment 2 is identical as 1 main structure of embodiment, and difference is the difference of spring clamping mechanism 6.Other structures and reality
It is same as Example 1 to apply mode.The present embodiment is intended to illustrate difference between the two.
In conjunction with Fig. 8, in the present embodiment, since sample spring structure changes into FC fastening elastic rod, sample spring will pass through bullet
Item seat 65 is fixed on pedestal 66, and the adjusting of spring preloaded force size is carried out by the stud at both ends 63 and nut 64;Load
Block 5 is still connected with connecting rod, and loading blocks 5 directly carry out the effect of high frequency amplitude to the middle ring of sample spring.
Embodiment 3:
Embodiment 3 is identical as 1 main structure of embodiment, and difference is the difference of spring clamping mechanism 6.Other structures and reality
It is same as Example 1 to apply mode.The present embodiment is intended to illustrate difference between the two.
In conjunction with Fig. 9, in the present embodiment, since sample spring structure changes into " e " type fastening elastic rod, sample spring will pass through
Spring seat 65 ' is fixed on pedestal 66, and the adjusting of spring preloaded force size is carried out by the stud at both ends 63 and nut 64;Add
It carries block 5 to be still connected with connecting rod, and loading blocks 5 directly carry out the effect of high frequency amplitude to the hallux of sample spring.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of railway fastening elastic rod high-cycle fatigue dynamic loading test machine, including rack (1), motor (2), driving shaft mechanism
(3), link mechanism (4), loading blocks (5) and spring clamping holder structure (6), protective cover (7) and rack table (8) are loaded, it is special
Sign is that the driving shaft mechanism (3) includes small pulley (21), camshaft (31), big belt wheel on motor (2) output shaft
(33) and cam (34), wherein small pulley (21) and big belt wheel (33) are by tooth form band connection, the big belt wheel (33) and convex
Wheel (34) is mounted on camshaft (31), and the load link mechanism (4) contacts cam (34), and the other end connects loading blocks
(5), the loading blocks (5) connection is mounted on the spring sample (62) of spring clamping holder structure (6).
2. a kind of railway fastening elastic rod according to claim 1 high-cycle fatigue dynamic loading test machine, which is characterized in that
The cam (34) is eccentric cam, and range 0mm~5mm of eccentricity d1 can be according to loading frequency size and load amplitude
Size requirements adjust the dynamically load that cam (34) eccentric distance realizes first order low frequency f1 and amplitude d1, and the range of f1 is 0-
50Hz, f1=motor output speeds/transmission ratio i, wherein transmission ratio i=active wheel speed/secondary speed=(driven wheel is straight
Diameter/active wheel diameter)/(1- sliding ratio);Wherein driving wheel is small pulley (21), and driven wheel is big belt wheel (33).
3. a kind of railway fastening elastic rod according to claim 1 high-cycle fatigue dynamic loading test machine, which is characterized in that
The cam (34) is original shape or ellipse, is uniformly distributed n uniform wavelength of polygon order and depth of convolution d2 on periphery
Concave-convex polygonal structure realize the load of second level high frequency, the range of n is 0-200, realizes the range of high frequency loading frequency f2, d2
For 0-1mm;The range of high frequency loading frequency f2=nf1, high frequency loading frequency f2 are 0-5000Hz,
Cam (34) may include the structure of different-diameter and different polygon orders, if the diameter of cam (34) is φ, spring examination
It is l1 to the distance of load connecting rod (43) fixing end that sample (62), which is withheld a little, and spring sample (62) is withheld a little living to load connecting rod (43)
The distance of moved end is l2, then: the amplitude d=d2l1/ (l1+l2) of spring.
4. a kind of railway fastening elastic rod according to claim 1 high-cycle fatigue dynamic loading test machine, which is characterized in that
On rolling bearing pedestal (35) the fixed frame table top (8) that the camshaft (31) passes through both ends;The camshaft (31) one
End setting manual rocker handle (11).
5. a kind of railway fastening elastic rod according to claim 1 high-cycle fatigue dynamic loading test machine, which is characterized in that
The load link mechanism (4) includes bearing block (41), bearing (42), loads connecting rod (43) and rolling bearing (44), described
Load connecting rod (43) one end rolling bearing (44) are set, the other end is fixed on bearing block (41) by bearing (42), wherein
Rolling bearing (44) is directly contacted with the cam (34), and bearing block (41) is fixed on rack table (8), the loading blocks
(5) it is connected with load connecting rod (43).
6. a kind of railway fastening elastic rod according to claim 5 high-cycle fatigue dynamic loading test machine, which is characterized in that
The rolling bearing (44) is rolled around cam (34) circumferencial direction high frequency period, and load connecting rod (43) will generate high frequency pumping vibration
Width, and transmit high frequency amplitude and give loading blocks (5), the hardness phase of rolling bearing (44) and cam (34) when being in rolling contact frequently
Match, the two material needs to carry out quenched and quenching treatment.
7. a kind of railway fastening elastic rod according to claim 5 high-cycle fatigue dynamic loading test machine, which is characterized in that
The loading blocks (5) bear in test the high-frequency vibration that cam (34) is given, while bearing what spring sample (62) was given
Preloaded force, preloaded force range are 0-20KN.
8. a kind of railway fastening elastic rod according to claim 1 high-cycle fatigue dynamic loading test machine, which is characterized in that
The spring clamping holder structure (6) includes clamping seat (61), stud (63), nut (64), and the spring sample (62) is pressed
It is fixed on clamping seat (61) according to normal use operating condition, and passes through the stud (63) and nut (64) at clamping seat (61) both ends
Carry out the adjusting of preloaded force size.
9. a kind of railway fastening elastic rod according to claim 1 high-cycle fatigue dynamic loading test machine, which is characterized in that
The spring clamping holder structure (6) can carry out the installation and fatigue test of different fastening elastic rod sample structures, spring sample
Structure includes " ω " type, " e " type, FC type and elastic rod or elastic slice.
10. a kind of railway fastening elastic rod according to claim 1 high-cycle fatigue dynamic loading test machine, feature exist
In, in the loading blocks (5) and spring sample (62) will installation foil gauge and sensor, pass through test record system and record bullet
The amplitude and frequency size of item.
11. a kind of railway fastening elastic rod according to claim 1 high-cycle fatigue dynamic loading test machine, feature exist
In, the motor (2) is variable-frequency motor, response frequency modulation can be carried out according to the requirement loading frequency of spring sample (62),
Tuning range 0Hz~100Hz, after driving shaft mechanism (3), load link mechanism (4), loading blocks (5) export different loads
Frequency.
12. a kind of railway fastening elastic rod according to claim 1 high-cycle fatigue dynamic loading test machine, feature exist
In the protective cover (7) covers workbench, and protective cover (7) is in fastening guard mode during test, to guarantee to try
Safety is tested, transparent viewing surface is arranged in the protective cover (7), to observe at any time test situation;Whole testing machine is logical
Four support legs (9) for crossing rack (1) adjust the horizontality of entire testing machine.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109612710A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-12 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | A kind of railway fastening elastic rod high-cycle fatigue dynamic loading test machine |
CN110987678A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-10 | 西南交通大学 | Fastener system fatigue test method |
-
2018
- 2018-12-29 CN CN201822269162.1U patent/CN209707079U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109612710A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-12 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | A kind of railway fastening elastic rod high-cycle fatigue dynamic loading test machine |
CN110987678A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-10 | 西南交通大学 | Fastener system fatigue test method |
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