CN209682919U - A kind of metering device, coating machine, the device for manufacturing three-dimension object - Google Patents

Abstract

This disclosure relates to a kind of metering device, coating machine and device for manufacturing three-dimension object, the metering device is as the assembly external member or repacking external member for following device, described device manufactures three-dimension object by means of the building material of layer-by-layer curing powder form at those positions corresponding with the cross section of object to be manufactured in corresponding layer, wherein, the metering device has measuring element, the measuring element, which can enclose, to be rotated about the axis, and it is suitable for distributing the building material of powder type with metering method, it is characterized in that the measuring element is designed to along the different amounts of powder in the direction of axis distribution part.It can provide part different amounts of powder for the application of powder bed in a simple manner by the metering device of the utility model, and amount of powder needed for applied layer can be reduced, to keep production process more cost effective and time efficiency.

Description

A kind of metering device, coating machine, the device for manufacturing three-dimension object

Technical field

The utility model relates to by the building material for successively applying powder type and selectively solidify the building Material is come the device and method that incrementally manufacture three-dimension object, more particularly to including in said device and in the method Used in for powder type building material metering device.

Background technique

For example, this device and method are used for rapid prototyping manufacturing, rapid processing or increasing material manufacturing.One of this method Example is known as " selective laser sintering or laser melting ".In the method, the thin of the building material of application powder type is repeated Layer, and selected in each layer and selectively irradiating corresponding with the cross section of object to be manufactured position with laser beam Solidify the building material to property.

In order to obtain the object of high quality, among other factors it is important that the powder bed applied is used as with predetermined The conforming layer of thickness (i.e. thickness degree) is applied, and the accurate metering for above for the powder of the application of layer is necessary 's.The application of layer is moved in building overlying regions on coating direction by means of coating machine to realize.For accurate measurement application Layer needed for amount of powder, from WO02/062560 A1 it is found that filling container exit opening at be arranged metering roll.Metering roll Surface there is the notch that is arranged symmetrically, the notch in axial direction extends and can accommodate the powder of restriction volume.This Make it possible to supply the powder of limited amount to coating machine.

In general, coating machine (recoater) extends on the width in building region and moves along the length in building region So as to applied layer.The powder bed applied in this way usually has rectangular cross section.However, depending on object to be manufactured The arrangement that geometry and/or multiple objects to be manufactured construct in space at one, if the powder bed applied (coats Region (recoating area)) it is non-rectangular area, then it may be advantageous.

This can be realized for example, by coating machine disclosed in WO 2017/009249.Coating machine includes multiple storage chambers Room, these storage chambers can distribute the building material of powder type independently of one another.This allows coating machine also perpendicular to it Distribute part different amounts of powder in the direction of motion.Using the coating machine, perpendicular to the precision of the powder metering in coating direction It is determined by the quantity and the storage chamber of storage chamber perpendicular to the size of the direction of motion of coating machine.

Utility model content

The building material that the purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of by successively applying powder type and selectively Solidify the building material incrementally to manufacture the substitution of three-dimension object or improved device or substitution or improved method, More particularly to a kind of metering device comprising in the apparatus and for this method, can be applied by the metering device for layer The different amounts of powder in offer part is provided.

Metering device, coating machine, the device for manufacturing three-dimension object, metering method and the system of the purpose the utility model The method of three-dimension object is made to realize.

Metering device according to the present utility model is as the assembly external member or repacking external member for following device, described device By means of layer-by-layer curing powder form at those positions corresponding with the cross section of object to be manufactured in corresponding layer Building material manufacture three-dimension object.The metering device has measuring element, and the measuring element can be revolved around axis Turn, rotated preferably about the axis of its own, particularly preferably around its own specific longitudinal axis rotation, and is fitted Together in the building material for distributing powder type with metering method, wherein the measuring element is designed to the direction distribution office along axis The different amounts of powder in portion.

Longitudinal axis is defined herein as the axis that the longitudinal direction side along measuring element of measuring element extends, it is therefore preferable to center Axis.Due to can be assumed by measuring element receive and distribute powder density substantially constant, distribution amount of powder with The powder volume of distribution is directly directly proportional.Therefore, measuring element is designed to except other things for the direction distribution office along axis The powder of portion's different volumes.

Using this metering device, such as it can provide part different amounts of powder for the application of powder bed in a simple manner End.Thus, for example, the shape of the powder bed applied can deviate rectangular shape.Thus, for example, coating zone can be adjusted (also referred to as powder applying zone), powder is applied to the shape of the deviation rectangular shape of construction platform in the coating zone Shape, specific round, ellipse or other shapes.Coating zone is also adapted to the geometry of object to be manufactured, tool Body is adapted to along the parallel cross section of object of some layer of layer parallel direction and/or the maximum of the object along layer parallel direction The two-dimensional projection of size and/or object on layer parallel plane.For example, coating zone is also adapted to multiple objects to be manufactured Space layout of the body in building space.Coating zone refers to that the layer application of the building material in building region is actually occurred or incited somebody to action Want inevitable region.Therefore, maximum coating zone is preferably essentially to construct region.Term " layer is parallel " is interpreted as It is parallel to direction or the plane of applied powder bed, i.e., the direction carried out perpendicular to building process.

This makes amount of powder needed for for example can reducing applied layer compared with (imaginary) rectangle coating zone, to make Production process is more cost effective and time efficiency.Saving amount of powder may be particularly advantageous, for example, when using precious metal powder When the powder of end or other relatively expensive types.

Other than applying powder in non-rectangle coating zone, such as the metering device of the utility model can also be used The position being recessed caused by the densification due to constructing material caused by solidification process provides additional amount of powder.

Preferably, metering device includes the measuring container of the building material for storage powder form, wherein preferably, axis Line (i.e. the axis of measuring element) is rotatably installed on measuring container, is more preferably mounted on the lower openings of measuring container On.Therefore, the axis of measuring element is embodied as physically tangible mechanical organ or element arrangement, and installs as described above. Therefore, building material for example locally can be differently assigned by means of measuring element from measuring container, that is, have localized variation The powder of amount.

Preferably, at least one surface of measuring element include with limit volume at least one recess, it is described at least One recess is suitable for receiving the powder of limited amount.It is further preferred that at least one described recess is along the measuring element The sub-volume of bottom in first section in the direction of axis from least one described surface to recess is greater than along described The sub-volume of bottom in second section in the direction of the axis of measuring element from least one described surface to recess.For example, First section and the second section can be the identical subregion in terms of its geometry and size on the surface of measuring element.Cause This, for example, the metering device for distributing not same amount powder for part can be provided in a simple manner.

At least one described recess is preferably substantially along the longitudinal direction of measuring element, preferably along the vertical of measuring element Extend to the direction of axis.Recess can be formed with angle.At least one described recess is preferably designed so that heart district wherein Domain is deeper and/or wider than in the fringe region relative to longitudinal direction.This means that at least one recess transverse to vertical To direction size preferably in its center in region it is bigger than in the fringe region relative to its longitudinal direction.Here, recessed The region that the end regions in a longitudinal direction of the fringe region expression recess of mouth, i.e. recess terminate in a longitudinal direction.It replaces For ground or additionally, the depth and/or width of at least one recess preferably subtract from center towards edge in a continuous manner Small and/or at least one recess preferably has no corner angle, preferably oval, more preferably longitudinal oval, even more preferably The profile of ground ellipse.Thus, for example, provide a kind of measuring element, in its center in region ratio relative to longitudinal direction Fringe region in distribute a greater amount of powder.

Measuring element of the measuring element of rotational symmetry particularly suitable as the utility model, especially if the axis of symmetry Or rotation axis is the longitudinal axis of measuring element.Therefore, metering device preferably includes roller, it is further preferred that the meter Amount device is designed as roller.Preferably, roller includes the recessed of at least two, preferably more than two of the circumferential directions along roller Mouthful, these recesses are preferably spaced each other equal distance.Thus, for example, can realize multiple meterings by the rotation of roller Step.

Preferably, metering device further includes wiping element, and the wiping element is used for from least the one of at least one recess Part removes the building material of powder type.Using this wiping element, for example, the essentially all powder for including in recess is all It can be from being wherein removed and distributing, to improve the accuracy of powder metering, i.e., the amount of powder actually distributed essentially corresponds to In the specified amount of powder of (son) volume by recess.

Coating machine according to the present utility model is used for for assembling or reequiping following device, described device by means of corresponding Layer in those positions corresponding with the cross section of object to be manufactured at layer-by-layer curing powder form building material Three-dimension object is manufactured, the coating machine includes at least metering device as described above.Coating machine is preferably configured to will be by measuring The building material of device distribution is sprawled with forming layer, preferably uniformly along coating direction (i.e. the desired movement direction of coating machine) Thin layer.For this purpose, coating machine can be for example at least one application element (such as blade), the blade is preferably in cross Xiang Yu, the desired movement direction for being preferably perpendicular to coating machine side upwardly extend, and/or the direction of the axis in measuring element Upper extension.

A kind of device according to the present utility model, described device be used for by means of in corresponding layer with object to be manufactured The building material of layer-by-layer curing powder form manufactures three-dimension object, described device at those corresponding positions of the cross section of body With coating machine, the coating machine can be mobile to apply building in building region in building overlying regions on coating direction The layer of material, described device include that metering device and/or coating machine according to the present utility model include according to the present utility model Metering device.Thus, for example, above-mentioned retouch about metering device according to the present utility model and coating machine according to the present utility model The effect stated can also be realized in increasing the layer-by-layer construction device of material.

Preferably, the building region is on certain angle, specifically transverse to the coating direction of the coating machine, along The coating direction has different sizes.For example, building region can be well adapted for when using such building region In the geometry of coating zone.

Metering device can be arranged in a device, so as to mobile in building overlying regions together with coating machine.Substitution Ground or additionally, metering device is arranged in described device at the expected position of rest and/or filling position of the coating machine In.In the latter case, for example, the building material of localized variation amount can be provided by metering device on the side in building region Material, then by the way that the building material is sprawled stratification in building overlying regions mobile coating machine on coating direction.

According to the utility model, a method of it is described for measuring the building material of the powder type in following device Device is by means of layer-by-layer curing powder at those positions corresponding with the cross section of object to be manufactured in corresponding layer The building material of form manufactures three-dimension object, the described method comprises the following steps:

The metering device with measuring element is provided, the measuring element, which can enclose, to be rotated about the axis, preferably about it The axis rotation of itself, particularly preferably around its own specific longitudinal axis rotation, and be suitable for metering method Distribute the building material of powder type, wherein the measuring element is designed to along the different amounts of powder in the direction of axis distribution part End.

According to the utility model, a kind of method for manufacturing three-dimension object is provided, the method is by means of in corresponding layer Those positions corresponding with the cross section of object to be manufactured at the building material of layer-by-layer curing powder form manufacture three Object is tieed up, the building material of wherein at least one layer powder type is by means of constructing the mobile painting of overlying regions on coating direction It covers machine to be applied in building region, the method includes the methods of the above-mentioned building material for measuring powder form.

Thus, for example, it is above-mentioned about metering device according to the present utility model and coating machine according to the present utility model and The effect of device according to the present utility model can also be real in the method for metering and the method for increasing the layer-by-layer building process of material It is existing.

Detailed description of the invention

Other feature and advantage of the utility model are elaborated in the description of exemplary embodiment by means of attached drawing.

Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of the device for incrementally manufacturing three-dimension object of embodiment according to the present utility model (being partially cross-sectional view).

Fig. 2 shows the perspective views of the measuring element of embodiment according to the present utility model.

Fig. 3 a shows measuring element shown in Fig. 2 along the cross-sectional view of dotted line C-C' shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 3 b shows the enlarged view of cross-sectional view shown in Fig. 3 a.

Fig. 4 shows the schematic diagram in building region viewed from above in the frame of the embodiments of the present invention.

Specific embodiment

Hereinafter, describing the embodiments of the present invention referring to Fig.1.Device shown in FIG. 1 is laser sintered or laser melting Device 1.Described device 1 for constructing object 2 includes having the processing chamber housing 3 of chamber wall 4.

Container 5 is disposed in processing chamber housing 3, the container 5 has chamber wall 6 and top is opened wide.Working face 7 by The upper opening of container 5 limits, and wherein the region (can be used for constructing object 2) of working face 7 being located in opening is referred to as Construct region 8.

In container 5, it is disposed with supporting element 10, the supporting element 10 can move on vertical direction V and substrate 11 It is attached on the supporting element, therefore substrate 11 simultaneously forms the bottom of container in sealed bottom container 5.Substrate 11 can be formed as The plate (it be fixed to supporting element 10) isolated with supporting element 10 or substrate 11 can be integrally formed with supporting element 10.It depends on The powder and technique used, construction platform 12 can also be used as the building base portion arrangement of building object 2 thereon on the substrate 11.So And object 2 can also construct with substrate 11, the substrate 11 is subsequently used as building base portion.In Fig. 1, building is stayed in The object 2 being formed in container 5 on platform 12 is shown as below working face 7 in intermediate state, wherein the object 2 With several cured layers, the cured layer is by keeping uncured building material 13 to surround.

Laser sintering device 1 further includes metering device, and the metering device has the building material 15 for powder type Measuring container, the building material 15 can pass through electromagnetic radiation curable.Measuring container has distribution opening (figure in its bottom It is not shown in 1), the measuring element for being designed as roller is provided in the distribution opening.In more detail below with reference to Fig. 2,3a, 3b Roller/the measuring element (hereinafter also referred to as metering roll) is described.In addition, the storage container of the building material for storage powder form (not shown) can also arrange that in the device 1 the storage container is configured to the building material 15 of powder type being supplied to meter Measure device 14.

Device 1 further includes coating machine 16, and the coating machine 16 can be moved on B in the horizontal direction and (is hereinafter also referred to as Coat direction), building region 8 is applied to for material 15 will to be constructed.Preferably, coating machine 16 is transverse to it entire to be coated The direction moved on the region (i.e. building material region to be applied) covered extends.

Optionally, pharoid 17 is arranged in processing chamber housing 3, for preheating applied building material 15.For example, Infrared heater can be set to pharoid 17.

Laser sintering device 1 further includes the irradiation devices 20 with laser 21, and the laser 21 generates laser beam 22, The laser beam 22 is deflected the deflection of device 23 and passes through coupling window (coupling window) by means of focusing device 24 25 focus on working face 7, and the coupling window 25 is arranged in the upside of processing chamber housing 3 in chamber wall 4.

In addition, laser sintering device 1 includes control unit 29, it can be in a coordinated fashion by described control unit 29 The all parts of control device 1 are to implement building process.Control unit can also be partially or even wholly arranged in outside device Portion.Control unit may include CPU, and operation is controlled by computer program (software).Computer program can be separated with device 1 Ground stores on a storage medium, can be specifically loaded by computer program loads into device 1 by the storage medium In control unit 29.

During operation, in order to apply powder bed, the reduction of supporting element 10 is corresponded to required thickness degree first, and (i.e. layer is strong Degree) amount.Coating machine 16 is firstly moved to metering device 14 and is enough the certain of applied layer from the metering device 14 reception The building material 15 of amount.Then, coating machine 16 moves above building region 8, herein applies the building material 15 of powder type It is added to construction platform 12 or already existing powder bed, and the building material is sprawled into powder bed.Apply at least to It is carried out on the entire cross section of the object 2 of manufacture.The region for carrying out layer application is known as coating zone or applying zone.Therefore, it applies Cover the preferably entire building region 8 in region, i.e., the region limited by chamber wall 6.Optionally, the building material 15 of powder type Operating temperature is preheated to by pharoid 17.

Then, the cross section of object 2 to be manufactured is scanned by laser beam 22, so that the building material 15 of powder type exists Solidify corresponding at the position of those of the cross section of object 2 to be manufactured.By doing so, powder particle is introduced by means of radiation Energy be partially or completely melted at these locations so that they are bonded together as solid after the cooling period and are existed.Weight These multiple steps are until object 2 is completed and can be removed from processing chamber housing 3.

Fig. 2 shows the measuring elements of embodiment according to the present utility model.Measuring element is designed as roller 30 and has Longitudinal axis A.Roller 30 is mounted in the distribution opening of measuring container by means of fixing element and/or receiving element 32,33, with Just it can be rotated around its longitudinal axis A.Roller 30 extends on length K of the A between its outer edge 34 and 35 along the longitudinal direction, and And substantially there is constant circular cross section along its whole length K.On the surface thereof, roller 30 has multiple recesses 31 (here Have eight, wherein three are fully visible in figure), these recesses are regularly spaced apart in a circumferential direction.Each recess 31 extend on recess length L each along the length K (being parallel to its longitudinal axis A) of roller 30, and extend preferably to away from The certain distance of outer edge 34 and 35 of roller 30.In addition, recess 31 has substantially elliptical wheel in the plane on the surface of roller It is wide.In addition, Fig. 2 shows first surface section F1 and second surface section F2 on the surface of roller 30.Surface segment all has Right circular cylinder shape and area having the same.One surface segment F2 roller 30 first edge distance L1 and second edge away from From extending in the length range between L2, and length of the surface segment F1 between third Edge Distance L3 and recess length L Extend in range.Above three Edge Distance L1, L2, L3 extends along the partial-length of recess length L, and all from recess The end that left side in figure is arranged in of length L starts.Relative to the longitudinal direction A of roller 30, therefore first surface section F1 is roller 30 right hand edge region, second surface section F2 are central area of the roller 30 relative to its longitudinal extent.Similarly, there are rollers 30 Left edge region, however it is not shown in Fig. 2.Recess 31 has width S 1, S2 along the circumference of roller 30, in which it can be seen that Width S 1 in surface segment F1 is less than the width S 2 in surface segment F2.

Fig. 3 a shows cross section of the roller 30 shown in Fig. 2 along dotted line C-C' perpendicular to its longitudinal axis A, And Fig. 3 b shows the amplification section of the recess 31 of roller 30 shown in Fig. 3 a.The longitudinal axis A of roller 30 passes through institute in Fig. 3 a The center M for the cross section shown and perpendicular to the cross section.Each recess 31 is substantially U-shaped or V-arrangement Groove is configured to justify the section (dotted line in referred to as imaginary surface O- Fig. 3 b of recess 31) of (the contour line V in Fig. 3 b) Groove.Recess 31 all has depth T and width S, and wherein depth T is the surface O of contour line V and recess 31 in cross section Maximum distance, and width S is the cross spider of surface O and contour line V in cross section.Therefore, depth T and width S be Size in the cross section perpendicular to its longitudinal axis A of roller 30.Surface O and contour line V are surrounded in cross section The region G of recess 31.Therefore, the total volume of recess 31 as region G integrating on the entire recess length L of recess 31 Out.Similarly, the total volume of all recesses 31 of roller 30 can be by determining the total volume phase Calais of each recess 31.

Preferably, the width S of recess 31 and/or depth T on the direction of axis A from the center of roller 30 to its edge 34, 35 are continuously reduced, and in the present example embodiment, this is suitable for width S and depth T.Fig. 2 schematically illustrates fringe region The width S 1 of recess 31 in F1 and the width S 2 of the recess in the F2 of central area, wherein width S as mentioned 1 is less than width S2.Therefore, the cross section of the region G of recess 31 also reduces from central area F2 to fringe region F1.Therefore, it is included in recess Sub-volume in 31 central area F2, which is greater than, includes the sub-volume in edge region F1.Therefore, roller 30 can be in its center Than accommodating more powder in its fringe region F1 (that is, bigger powder volume and therefore bigger powder in the F2 of region Amount).

In order to provide a certain amount of powder for applied layer, roller 30 surrounds its longitudinal direction in the distribution opening of measuring container Axis A rotation.In doing so, those of powder contact with storage in a reservoir of roller 30 recess 31 accommodates and its volume phase Corresponding amount of powder.(that opposite with storage powder in a reservoir i.e. on roller 30 of recess 31 those of is exposed by distribution opening A little recesses) distribution powder.In doing so, for example, powder can be taken out of recess from downwardly direction by means of gravity.This can To be additionally supported by wiping element (not shown), the wiping element is arranged and designed to so that it surrounds it in roller 30 Engagement (being automatically or semi-automatically introduced into recess 31) enters in recess 31 during axis A rotates, and the wiping element machine The powder that will be received in tool in corresponding recess 31 is removed from recess.

Fig. 4 shows the view of working face 7 viewed from above, wherein as shown in figure 4, powder bed to be applied to work flat In coating zone 18 in face 7, and coating machine 16 is in the position of rest outside the region of working face 7.For example, institute in Fig. 4 The rectangular area of the working face 7 shown has width N and length M.Application element (such as one or more leaf of coating machine 16 Piece) at least extend on the recess length L of the recess 31 of roller 30, and arrange in the device 1 in order to work shown in being parallel to The length M of the width N movement and the region of the working face shown in of making the region of plane is moved on coating direction B.Meter Amount device 14 (being not shown in Fig. 4) is arranged in the device 1 above the position of rest of coating machine 16, so that the longitudinal axis of roller 30 Line A is basically perpendicular to the coating direction B of coating machine 16.

Coating zone 18 is the subregion in the region of working face 7 shown in the subregion and Fig. 4 of working face 7.To The parallel cross section of all layers of the object 2 of manufacture is located in coating zone 18.Coating zone 18 has perpendicular to coating direction B Full-size L, the full-size correspond to roller 30 recess 31 recess length L.Coating zone 18 is perpendicular to coating side To B size with the region apart from working face 7 lower edge (coating machine 16 starts coating procedure herein) distance increase And reduces and (reduce along coating direction B).In coating zone 18, the first bar shaped subregion H1 and the second bar shaped sub-district are shown Domain H2, the subregion extend constant width on coating direction B.The following region of first subregion H1 expression powder bed: The building material for being assigned to the powder type of coating machine 16 from the fringe region F1 of roller 30 in this region is coated machine 16 and spreads Exhibition.Correspondingly, the second subregion H2 indicates the following region of powder bed: distributing in this region from the central area F2 of roller 30 The coated machine 16 of building material to the powder type of coating machine 16 is sprawled.Since the amount of powder distributed from central area F2 is big In the amount of powder distributed from fringe region F1, and coating machine 16 spreads into the amount of powder of localized variation in uniform layer, because This subregion H2 has the area or length dimension bigger than subregion H1 along coating direction B.

In addition, Fig. 4 shows (dashed circle) round building region 8 (due to round construction platform 12).It can be with from Fig. 4 Find out, the geometry for the coating zone 18 that the application of powder is occurred is adapted to geometry or the position in building region 8.Cause This, coating zone 18 does not cover the whole region of working face 7 shown in Fig. 4 or coating machine 16 or its application element and can move The whole region moved, but coating zone perpendicular to coating direction B size coating direction on as described above with distance The Edge Distance in the region of working face 7 increases and reduces, so that coating zone 18 has the song for being adapted to round building region 8 Rate.

As described above, building region 8 can have rectangular shape, but it also can have non-rectangular shape, such as Fig. 4 Shown in circular shape, it is described building region 8 be defined as working face 7 the open interior positioned at container 5 region.So Afterwards, the geometry of coating zone 18 is adapted to the geometry in building region 8, and vice versa, and building region 8 can also be with It is adapted to the geometry of coating zone.

Furthermore, it is possible to which overflow slit is arranged in the device 1, the overflow slit, which is accommodated, is located at building from coating zone The powder in the region outside region 8.

Recess 31 on the surface of roller 30 is not limited to above-mentioned shape.On the contrary, recess can have any geometry, extension With size (specific width and depth).In addition, recess does not need to be regularly spaced apart on the surface of roller.With shown in Fig. 3 a Eight recesses compare, recess in roller is arranged in can also less (such as only one) or more.In general, the recess of roller is in roller It is upper to design and/or be arranged so that roller is suitable for making it possible to achieve and being suitable for along the different amounts of powder in its longitudinal axis A distribution part The coating zone of object to be manufactured.

Furthermore it is possible to wiping element be arranged, at roller 30 with the building material for removing powder type from recess 31.

In above-mentioned laser sintered or laser melting device, multiple objects can also be constructed simultaneously on building base portion.In In this case, coating zone is preferably not only adapted to the geometry of the cross section of the parallel object of layer, but also is adapted to The space layout of object to be manufactured on building base portion or in building container.

Above-mentioned metering roll is at least used in the production process of one or more three-dimension objects provide for layer application a certain amount of Powder.Different rollers can be used for different layers, and at least two powder beds is allowed to be applied to different coating zones In.This means that coating zone does not need the parallel cross section of all layers comprising object to be manufactured.

According to above-described embodiment, metering device is fixedly placed in device, and applies in layer initially along its longitudinal direction The required amount of powder of local difference is distributed in the direction of axis A.Alternatively, however, or in addition, metering device can also be arranged in dress In setting, so as to be moved above coating zone together with coating machine on coating direction, for example, metering device can be with painting It is integrally formed to cover machine.

Although describing the utility model about laser sintered or laser melting device, the utility model is not limited to swash Light sintering or laser melting.It can be applied to the building material by successively applying powder type and selectively solidifies institute Building material is stated incrementally to manufacture any method of three-dimension object.

Irradiation devices may include such as gas or solid-state laser or the laser of any other type, such as laser two Pole pipe, especially VCSEL (vertical cavity surface emitting laser) or VECSEL (vertical external cavity surface emitting laser) or these swash The array of light device.In general, the energy selectivity of wave radiation or particle radiation form can be applied on the layer of building material Any device can be used as irradiation devices.For example, different light sources, electron beam can be used or be suitable for instead of laser Solidify any other energy source or radiation source of building material.Instead of deflecting light beam, it is also possible by means removable array irradiation Device realizes irradiation.The utility model can also be applied to selective mask sintering, use in the selective mask sintering Expansion light source and mask or the utility model can be applied to high speed and be sintered (HSS), select material in high speed sintering The radiation absorption for increasing and (absorbing sintering) or reduce and (inhibit sintering) at corresponding position is applied to selecting property on building material, Then it non-selectively and in large area or by removable array irradiation devices is irradiated.In general, the utility model relates to By successively applying the building material of powder type and selectively solidifying the building material incrementally manufactures object, and Regardless of the mode for constructing material solidification.

Various types of powder may be used as building material, specifically metal powder (such as noble metal powder (such as Gold) or powder containing noble metal) and plastic powders, ceramic powders, sand, filling or mixed-powder.

Claims (26)

1. a kind of metering device, the metering device is as the assembly external member or repacking external member for following device, described device By means of layer-by-layer curing powder form at those positions corresponding with the cross section of object to be manufactured in corresponding layer Building material manufacture three-dimension object,

Wherein, the metering device has measuring element, and the measuring element, which can enclose, to be rotated about the axis, and is suitable in terms of Amount mode distributes the building material of powder type, it is characterised in that

The measuring element is designed to along the different amounts of powder in the direction of axis distribution part.

2. metering device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the measuring element can surround the axis of its own Rotation.

3. metering device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the measuring element can be revolved around longitudinal axis Turn.

4. metering device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the longitudinal axis is the measuring element itself Axis.

5. metering device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the metering device includes measuring container, the meter Measure the building material that container is used for storage powder form.

6. metering device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the axis is rotatably installed in measuring container On.

7. metering device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the axis is rotatably installed in measuring container In lower openings.

8. metering device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that at least one surface of the measuring element includes tool There is at least one recess for limiting volume, at least one described recess is suitable for receiving the powder of limited amount.

9. metering device according to claim 8, which is characterized in that at least one described recess is along the measuring element Axis direction the first section in bottom from least one described surface at least one recess sub-volume it is big From at least one described surface to described, at least one is recessed in second section in the direction in the axis along the measuring element The sub-volume of the bottom of mouth.

10. metering device according to claim 8, which is characterized in that at least one described recess extends in the longitudinal direction.

11. metering device according to claim 10, which is characterized in that at least one described recess is along the metering member The direction of the axis of part extends.

12. metering device according to claim 10, which is characterized in that at least one described cove design is in its center In region than in the fringe region relative to longitudinal direction at least one deeper and/or wider and/or described recess depth And/or width reduces from center towards edge in a continuous manner, and/or wherein, at least one described recess is with no corner angle Profile.

13. metering device according to claim 12, which is characterized in that at least one described recess has oval wheel It is wide.

14. metering device according to claim 13, which is characterized in that at least one described recess has longitudinal oval Profile.

15. metering device according to claim 14, which is characterized in that at least one described recess has the wheel of ellipse It is wide.

16. metering device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the metering device includes roller.

17. metering device according to claim 16, which is characterized in that the metering device is designed as roller.

18. metering device according to claim 16, which is characterized in that the roller includes the circumferencial direction cloth along the roller At least two recesses set.

19. metering device according to claim 18, which is characterized in that the roller includes the circumferencial direction cloth along the roller The more than two recess set.

20. metering device according to claim 18, which is characterized in that the recess is equally spaced from one another.

21. the metering device according to any one of claim 8-15, which is characterized in that the metering device further includes wiping Element is wiped, the wiping element is used to remove the building material of powder type from least part of at least one recess.

22. metering device described in any one of 8-20 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the metering device further includes Wiping element, the wiping element are used to remove the building material of powder type from least part of the recess.

23. a kind of coating machine, the coating machine for assembling or conversion apparatus, described device by means of in corresponding layer with The building material of layer-by-layer curing powder form manufactures three-dimensional article at those corresponding positions of the cross section of object to be manufactured Body,

It is characterized in that, the coating machine includes at least according to claim 1 to metering device described in any one of 22.

24. a kind of for manufacturing the device of three-dimension object, the device for manufacturing three-dimension object is by means of in corresponding layer In those positions corresponding with the cross section of object to be manufactured at the building material of layer-by-layer curing powder form manufacture The three-dimension object, described for manufacture the device of three-dimension object to include coating machine, the coating machine can be on coating direction It is mobile in building overlying regions, with the layer for applying building material in building region,

It is characterized in that, described for manufacture the device of three-dimension object to include according to claim 1 to described in any one of 22 Metering device and/or the coating machine are coating machines according to claim 23.

25. according to claim 24 for manufacturing the device of three-dimension object, which is characterized in that the building region is lateral It is had different sizes in the coating direction of the coating machine along the coating direction.

26. for manufacturing the device of three-dimension object according to claim 24 or 25, which is characterized in that the metering device It is arranged in the device for manufacturing three-dimension object, so as in the building overlying regions together with the coating machine The mobile and/or described metering device is arranged in the use at the expected position of rest and/or filling position of the coating machine In the device of manufacture three-dimension object.