CN209655316U - A kind of sludge shaft furnace incinerating and treating device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of sludge shaft furnace incinerating and treating device, shaft furnace uses cavity structure, and sludge is sent directly into shaft furnace by closed feeding device from shaft furnace furnace roof, and combustion air is passed through by high pressure blower from shaft furnace bottom；The combustion air that high pressure blower blasts contacts with the lime-ash after sludge incineration and carries out heat exchange heating, then contacting with the hot sludge of the drying for reaching burning condition makes sludge incineration, the high temperature hot gas stream generated after burning flows up, high temperature hot gas stream contacts with the sludge being added from furnace roof and is dehydrated, is dried to sludge, the high temperature hot gas stream temperature of generation of burning simultaneously and pressure generate decline, in the exhanst gas outlet discharge of furnace roof setting.The direct burning disposal of sludge is carried out using sludge itself calorific value using the method for the utility model, system is simple, and process flow is short, and equipment investment is few, and the method promotional value of minimizing and harmless treatment as waste sludge is big.

Description

A kind of sludge shaft furnace incinerating and treating device

Technical field

The utility model belongs to field of solid waste treating technology, in particular to a kind of sludge shaft furnace burning disposal dress It sets.

Background technique

Sludge refers to the industry containing large amount of organic or sanitary sewage, produces after sewage treatment plant carries out sewage treatment processing Raw mud, mud obtain product after mechanical dehydration and are known as sludge.After sludge without appropriately handling disposition enters environment, directly It connects and brings secondary pollution to water body and atmosphere, serious threat is constituted to the activity of ecological environment and the mankind.Sludge bring Main Environmental Problems are as follows:

(1) moisture percentage in sewage sludge is high, and stacking area is big, pressing waste landfill yard storage capacity；

(2) sludge is particularly suitable for bacteria breed, and place is spread unchecked in the growth of sludge stockyard often all kinds of harmful bacterias；

(3) sludge easily dissipates foul smell and peculiar smell, causes serious atmosphere pollution.

Sludge is mainly made of microorganism, hardly degraded organic substance and other metals and nonmetalloid.In dry dirt Volatile matter accounts for about 50%-70% in mud, and ash content accounts for about 30%-50% or so, and wherein C content is about 20-30%, and H content is about 3%-5%, O content are about 20%-25%, and N content is about 3%-5%, and S content is about 1%-2%.

It is most thorough sludge specialized process method with the sludge disposal technology for burning as core.It can make in sludge Organic matter is all carbonized and burns, burns pathogen to death while burning, can be to the dirt containing heavy metal or chemical pollutant Mud realizes complete deactivation processing, can reduce pollution to greatest extent, and the burning ash or clinker that generate after burning can be used as Improve soil, production building materials etc..

The substances such as organic matter have certain calorific value in sludge, which can be used as the heat source of sludge itself burning, can also Using the heat source as evaporation sludge contained humidity.

Since sludge contained humidity is higher, sludge is difficult to directly burn.Other auxiliary fuels are added when generalling use burning The so-called coordination incineration treatment technology of (such as: coal, biomass fuel), mainly thermal power generation original system cooperatively processing sludge. Dry and burning is besides divided into two systems.

Although there is vertical burning facility in the prior art, realizes and set dry and two technical process of burning at one Standby interior completion.But the equipment of prior art construction is complicated, and complicated internal structure, including multiple groups are provided with usually in furnace The scattered castor bean cone and preheating comb basin of different angle combination are stacked mechanism, dry fire grate and the scraper plate on dry fire grate up and down, Lime-ash is crushed tower comb, scum pipe etc. internal mechanism.This scheme, sludge incineration is to realize under normal pressure in furnace, and scheme is practical The effect of imagination can not be obtained, complicated structure can stop sludge to fall instead in furnace, be easy blocking comb hole, it is difficult to practical fortune Row.

Therefore, the utility model overcomes the drawbacks of above technology and insufficient, using simplest cavity shaft furnace structure, in conjunction with Technological design realizes sludge and directly burns.

Utility model content

In view of the deficienciess of the prior art, the utility model provides a kind of sludge shaft furnace incinerating and treating device, using sky Drying is continuously finished in a device systems with two processes are burned, realizes sludge and directly burn by chamber shaft furnace.Not only subtract Few equipment investment, and internal cavity structures avoid possible operation troubles and equipment maintenance caused by internal labyrinth Cost shortens process flow, improves treatment effeciency.The technical problem to be solved is that: the simple, plant maintenance using structure Easy cavity shaft furnace is maintained, exploitation designs the process of reasonable direct motion, realizes that sludge directly burns.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is:

A kind of sludge shaft furnace incinerating and treating device of utility model, the shaft furnace including cavity structure；

It is located at the exhanst gas outlet and closed feeding device of shaft furnace furnace roof；

It is located at the combustion air inlet at vertical furnace bottom and is sent into the high pressure blower of combustion air；

It is located at the closed discharging device at vertical furnace bottom；

For lighting the ignition system of combustion air；

And to the smoke processing system that flue gas is further processed.

Further, which further includes air preheater and waste heat of condensation boiler, and the flue gas of exhanst gas outlet enters air Preheater and air carry out heat exchange, generate hot dry air and drain into ignition system, and flue gas is drained into waste heat of condensation boiler.

Further, the closed feeding device is screw(-type) feeder or vibrating feeder or the feed of intermittent unlatching Tank.

Further, the closed discharging device is spiral discharging machine or electronic rotation valve.

Compared with prior art, the utility model advantage is:

Using cavity shaft furnace, drying is continuously finished in a device systems with two processes are burned, realizes sludge Directly burn.

Flue gas heat is made full use of, combustibles are only consumed when system is opened and utilize sludge itself calorific value after system operation The direct burning disposal of sludge is carried out, the heat for fully relying on sludge incineration generation maintains systems stay operation, reduces equipment investment It is big with the method promotional value of equipment maintenance expense, minimizing and harmless treatment as waste sludge.

Internal cavity structures avoid possible operation troubles and equipment maintenance cost, contracting caused by internal labyrinth Short process flow, improves treatment effeciency.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of embodiment 1；

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of embodiment 2.

Fig. 3 is the 1-1 cross-sectional view of Fig. 2.

1, shaft furnace；2, exhanst gas outlet；3, closed feeding device；4, combustion air inlet；5, closed discharging device；6, high pressure Air blower；7, smoke processing system；8, ignition system；9, peep hole；10, gas distributor；11, blast pipe；12, air preheat Device；13, waste heat of condensation boiler；14, air blower；16, fire grate；17, fire grate gray moving equipment；18, cloth tray is rotated.

Specific embodiment

With reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment is further described the utility model.

Embodiment 1

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of sludge shaft furnace incinerating and treating device, shaft furnace 1 including cavity structure is located at 1 furnace roof of shaft furnace Exhanst gas outlet 2 and closed feeding device 3, be located at 1 furnace bottom of shaft furnace combustion air inlet 4 and be sent into combustion air high pressure drum Blower 6, the closed discharging device 5 for being located at 1 furnace bottom of shaft furnace and the smoke processing system 7 that flue gas is further processed, for being The ignition system 8 of system starting.For the ease of situation in observation furnace, furnace body is equipped with peep hole 9.

Closed feeding device 3 can be with screw(-type) feeder or vibrating feeder or the feedstock vessel of intermittent unlatching, the present embodiment Preferably screw(-type) feeder.Sludge is by being sent into screw(-type) feeder by feeding system and aggregate bin in sludge storage pool, by being set to furnace The feed chute on top enters in furnace.

Closed discharging device 5 can be the machinery such as spiral discharging machine or electronic rotation valve, and the present embodiment 1 is preferably electronic rotation The lime-ash of rotary valve, furnace bottom drains into ash collection trolley by electronic rotation valve, transports.

In order to enable combustion air is even into furnace, furnace bottom can also set gas distributor 10, and surrounding air is (combustion-supporting Air) under the action of high pressure blower 6, it is directly over blast pipe 11 and enters in furnace.

Shaft furnace 1 involved in the device of the utility model is non-standard equipment, needs to carry out according to treating capacity, sludge characteristics Design production, the equal regular market purchase of material for making shaft furnace obtain；Other equipment involved in the device of the utility model are conventional It is commercially available to obtain.

Embodiment 2

Combustion air, can be first with flue gas by being passed through before entering shaft furnace 1 again after air preheater heat exchange heating.Such as Shown in Fig. 2 and 3, at exhanst gas outlet 2, setting is used for the air preheater 12 and waste heat of condensation boiler 13 of warm-up combustion-supporting air, The flue gas of exhanst gas outlet 2 enters air preheater 12 and carries out heat exchange with the air blasted by air blower 14, generates the dry sky of heat Gas simultaneously drains into ignition system 8, is passed through furnace bottom by air inlet pipe again after being mixed and burned heating with combustion-supporting gas (natural gas).Flue gas Temperature is declined after air preheater 12, and drains into waste heat of condensation boiler 13, again with the water of waste heat of condensation boiler 13 After carrying out heat exchange, flue gas enters back into smoke processing system 7 and is further handled and discharged.Water is converted into vapor, can be with Outer confession.

The fire grate 16 of the lime-ash blocking furnace bottom of furnace bottom in order to prevent, can also set fire grate gray moving equipment 17, can periodically dial It is dynamic.Can be according to sludge characteristics, for example when moisture content is higher, can choose the setting rotation cloth tray 18 in furnace, rotate cloth The uniformly distributed circular hole passed through convenient for mud granule on disk 18, rotation cloth tray 18 are driven by being set to a motor of furnace roof Rotation, for the falling more evenly by sludge, it is dry faster, burning it is more abundant.

The present embodiment 2 is identical as the other structures design of embodiment 1, and details are not described herein again for identical structure design.

Embodiment 3

The sludge shaft furnace incineration treatment method of the utility model is to use cavity shaft furnace 1, and sludge is filled by closed feeding It sets 3 to be sent directly into shaft furnace from shaft furnace furnace roof, be acted on from the top down according to material gravity, fill hygroscopic state sewage sludge, drying and dehydrating naturally Afterwards sludge, the sludge in combustion state, red heat lime-ash after burning, it is cooling after lime-ash.Sludge is under the effect of gravity from the top down Movement, contacts with the high temperature hot gas stream flowed up, and gradually removing adsorbs water, Interstitial Water, in conjunction with water, while sludge temperature is gradually It increases, until temperature, degree of drying reach burning condition；The hot sludge of drying for reaching burning condition continues to move down and bottom The combustion air contact of entrance occurs to burn and generates open fire.Sludge continues to move down and enter after completing burning as lime-ash The combustion air of shaft furnace contacts and carries out heat exchange, and sludge is gradually become the light color such as white, grey, faint yellow, lime-ash from red heat Temperature is gathered in furnace bottom and shaft furnace 1 is discharged from furnace bottom by closed discharging device 5 after reducing.

Combustion air is blasted in shaft furnace 1 from 1 furnace bottom of shaft furnace by high pressure blower 6, the combustion air that high pressure blower 6 blasts It is contacted with the lime-ash after sludge incineration and carries out heat exchange heating, then contacting with the hot sludge of the drying for reaching burning condition makes dirt Mud burning, the high temperature hot gas stream generated after burning flow up, and high temperature hot gas stream contacts with the sludge being added from furnace roof and to dirt Mud is dehydrated, is dried, while the high temperature hot gas stream temperature for generation of burning and pressure generate decline, and flue gas in furnace roof by setting The exhanst gas outlet 2 set is discharged, until smoke processing system 7.

Combustion air is blasted by high pressure blower 6, blast pressure depend on sludge characteristics, furnace type structure generate windage and The setting of furnace top pressure.The smoke processing system 7 for receiving flue gas is equipped with the air-introduced machine of drawing smoke, then furnace top pressure is set as micro- Negative pressure；The smoke processing system 7 for receiving flue gas does not set the air-introduced machine of drawing smoke, then furnace top pressure is set as positive pressure, furnace roof Positive pressure, which has, sends out the enough pressure of smoke processing system 7, no less than 2KPa for flue gas.The control of the blow rate required of high pressure blower System controls coefficient of excess air between 1.1 to 1.6 according to sludge calorific value is added.

Technical process in furnace is as follows: combustion air is contacted with the lime-ash formed after the sludge incineration for being gathered in furnace bottom and is gone forward side by side Row heat exchange, formed lime-ash cooling zone, combustion air pass through lime-ash cooling zone after further heat up, then with reach burning condition Drying hot sludge contact make sludge incineration.

Combustion air is contacted and is burnt with the hot sludge of the drying for reaching burning condition, forms a combustion zone, combustion air Become high-temperature flue gas by combustion zone, high-temperature flue gas continues to rise to contact with sludge and strengthens dry to sludge and promote sludge temperature Degree forms sludge dewatering, dry section.Combination water and Interstitial Water in dry section bottom removing sludge are high at the top of dry section Warm flue gas further removes the Interstitial Water in sludge and adsorbs water, and the removing of large quantity of moisture reduces rapidly flue-gas temperature, then Flue gas is overflowed from the bed of material.

Furnace roof sets exhanst gas outlet 2 and discharges the flue gas overflowed from the bed of material, steams since the water that sludge contains all is evaporated into water Gas is discharged with flue gas, and flue gas vapor ratio is very high.Furnace roof High water cut steam flue gas enters smoke processing system 7.

It elaborates below with reference to the utility model sludge shaft furnace incinerating and treating device to method for sludge treatment, including such as Lower step:

1, system starts

Start high pressure blower 6, close the exhanst gas outlet 2 of furnace roof, checks the air-tightness of shaft furnace 1.Air-tightness qualification is then closed High pressure blower 6 is closed, the exhanst gas outlet 2 of furnace roof is opened, is initially added into material.

Feeding system is opened, Xiang Shulu 1 is sent into the lime-ash after burning, and lime-ash is incorporated as the one third of shaft furnace dischargeable capacity Left and right.

Combustibles, the combustibles such as firewood, lump coal, which are sent into, to shaft furnace 1 is incorporated as the one third or so of shaft furnace dischargeable capacity, The combustion air inlet 4 for opening furnace bottom lights the combustibles of feeding with ignition system 8, starts high pressure blower 6, combustibles combustion Burn generate hot stream temperature reach 500 DEG C or so after, starting closed feeding device 3 to shaft furnace 1 be added sludge to reach setting Highly.

Flue-gas temperature declines rapidly after sludge is added in shaft furnace 1, as mud height is continued to decline to material position lower limit, opens again Sludge is added to shaft furnace in dynamic closed feeding device 3, keeps sludge material position setting height.When lime-ash reaches it is a certain amount of when, start it is close Discharging device 5 is closed periodically to slag tap.

2, the lime-ash being discharged from shaft furnace 1, as product after sludge incineration, uniformly send outside after collection.

3, the flue gas containing a large amount of vapor that exhanst gas outlet 2 is discharged enters smoke processing system 7 and is further processed, up to standard Discharge.

4, the structure as shown in using embodiment 2, combustion air first can pass through sky with flue gas before entering shaft furnace 1 It is passed through again after air preheater heat exchange heating.At exhanst gas outlet 2, setting is for the air preheater 12 of warm-up combustion-supporting air and cold Solidifying waste heat boiler 13, the flue gas of exhanst gas outlet 2 enter air preheater 12 and carry out hot friendship with the air blasted by air blower 14 It changes, generate hot dry air and drains into ignition system 8, it is logical by air inlet pipe again after mixing heating with combustion-supporting gas (natural gas) burning Enter furnace bottom.Flue gas temperature after air preheater 12 is declined, and drains into waste heat of condensation boiler 13, with waste heat of condensation pot After the water of furnace 13 carries out heat exchange again, flue gas enters back into smoke processing system 7 and is further handled and discharged.Water is converted into Vapor can supply in addition.Its ingredient of lime-ash obtained after the utility model processing sludge depends on the chemical component of composition sludge, Mainly processing sanitary wastewater generate sludge, grey slag ingredient by dust in air substance deposition converge, as calcium, silicon, Magnesium, aluminium, iron oxide.All burning is clean for the organisms such as organic matter, bacterium in sludge, and moisture all evaporates, and evaporates Vapor is in a large amount of outer vapor supplied of condensing waste heat boiler production.

Certainly, the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the utility model is also not limited to the example above, this The those of ordinary skill of technical field, in the essential scope of the utility model, the variations, modifications, additions or substitutions made, all It should belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of sludge shaft furnace incinerating and treating device, which is characterized in that shaft furnace including cavity structure, the cigarette for being located at shaft furnace furnace roof Gas outlet and closed feeding device are located at the combustion air inlet at vertical furnace bottom and are sent into the high pressure blower of combustion air, set In the closed discharging device at vertical furnace bottom, the ignition system for lighting combustion air and the cigarette being further processed to flue gas Gas processing system.