CN209637852U - It is a kind of using liquefied ammonia be SCR reducing agent exhaust emissions of diesel engine cleaning treatment system - Google Patents
It is a kind of using liquefied ammonia be SCR reducing agent exhaust emissions of diesel engine cleaning treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN209637852U CN209637852U CN201920249459.3U CN201920249459U CN209637852U CN 209637852 U CN209637852 U CN 209637852U CN 201920249459 U CN201920249459 U CN 201920249459U CN 209637852 U CN209637852 U CN 209637852U
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Abstract
It is the exhaust emissions of diesel engine cleaning treatment system of SCR reducing agent that the utility model discloses a kind of using liquefied ammonia, liquid ammonia steel bottle is equipped with liquefied ammonia, liquid ammonia steel bottle is connected with liquid level sensor, liquid ammonia steel bottle is connected with third pressure sensor, liquid ammonia steel bottle is connected with heating device thereon, liquid level sensor and third pressure sensor on liquid ammonia steel bottle integrate a detector, it is open by liquid ammonia steel bottle end flange formula and is connected with liquid ammonia steel bottle, heating device is connected using liquid ammonia steel bottle end flange formula opening with liquid ammonia steel bottle, stable-pressure device is connected with purification device, ammonia flow regulating valve is connected with stable-pressure device, air flow control valve is connected with diesel oxidation catalyst-carbon particle capturing agent tail portion, recycling device is connected with catalytic reactor.Structure is simple, easy to use, solves urea system hydrolysis and produces ammonia reaction complexity, the uncontrollable problem of practical ammonia consumption；Solve in solid-state ammonia technology that ammonia fills slowly, ammonia release is temperature controlled, the problem of the mating hardly possible in market.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to exhaust emissions of diesel engine purified treatment, it is more specific it is a kind of using liquefied ammonia be SCR reducing agent
Exhaust emissions of diesel engine cleaning treatment system, it is suitable for the processing that combustion of fossil fuel generates nitrogen oxides, especially with bavin
Fossil fuel based on oil.Technical aspect especially with liquefied ammonia as the feed system of the reducing agent of vehicle maintenance service.
Background technique
Chinese Highway freight volume accounts for whole 70% or more freight volumes, and diesel vehicle is because it is in dynamic property, economy and reliable
Property aspect than gasoline car have more apparent advantage, to carry most of shipping.However diesel vehicle nitrogen oxides
Discharge and PM discharge account for 70% or more of all locomotive emissions, with " heavy-duty diesel vehicle pollutant emission limit and measurement side
Method (Chinese 6th stage) " promulgation, discharge standard is increasingly stringenter, and the especially discharge of nitrogen oxides is from five stage of state
180mg/km promotes the 60mg/km to state 6a until state 6b 35mg/km.Therefore in order to reduce the discharge of nitrogen oxides, it is necessary to
Using Ammonia substance as reducing agent, selective reducing nitrogen oxide (SCR), to obtain clean nitrogen and water.
Diesel vehicle uses BASF AdBlue technology at present, that is, 32.5% urea liquid is used to be used for as Ammonia substance
The nitrogen oxides of selective catalytic reduction motor vehicle exhaust emission.Basic principle is to be configured to concentration using pure urea and deionized water
It for 32.5% aqueous solution of urea, is stored in urea box, by urea pump (for example, 2.2 urea pump of Bosch
0445042024 urea pump) enter pressure cavities, compression urea liquid touches mouth from urea under the action of urea controller (DCU)
Middle ejection, atomization generate ammonia after being hydrolyzed, being pyrolyzed, and ammonia is under the effect of the catalyst by conversion of nitrogen oxides at nitrogen
Gas and water, specific chemical equation are as follows:
Main reaction: (NH2)2CO (aqueous solution) → (NH2)2CO (molten state)+x H2O(I)；(NH2)2CO→NH3+HNCO
(II)；HNCO+H2O→NH3+CO2(III)；Side reaction:
Urea is unstable at high temperature, the dehydration (I) of 193 DEG C of generation aqueous solution of urea；250 DEG C can decompose ammonification
(NH3) and isocyanic acid (HNCO) (II)；400 DEG C of isocyanic acids (HNCO) are reacted with water generates ammonia (NH3) and carbon dioxide (CO2)
(III).When delivery temperature is lower than 300 DEG C, resolution ratio < 20% of urea liquid, most urea liquids are urged into SCR
Ammonia is just further decomposed into after changing case.At the same time, at 150-160 DEG C, Yi Fasheng side reaction (IV) generates biuret.
It can be seen that aqueous solution of urea reaction during hydrolysis produces ammonia is complicated, it is difficult to accurate control；Furthermore hydrolytic process
Delivery temperature can be reduced, cause catalysis reactivity decline so that exhaust emissions be difficult to it is up to standard；It hydrolyzes, be pyrolyzed not exclusively simultaneously
Aqueous solution of urea be easy to produce biuret crystallization, be deposited on gas exhaust piping or urea nozzle position, blocking gas exhaust piping from
And the loss of engine power is caused, fuel economy deteriorates, deterioration of emission；The freezing point of aqueous solution of urea is -11 DEG C, low temperature
SCR system can not work normally under environment, and the emission control of vehicle does not play effective effect.
The quality of vehicle urea directly affects vent gas treatment performance, and there are heavy metal (Fe for low-quality aqueous solution of urea2+、
Ca2+、Cu2+Deng) and other chemical components (K+), can be chemically reacted with catalyst, especially can with oxygen in catalyst into
Row combines, so as to cause catalyst (V2O5/WO3-TiO2) catalytic site destruction so that reduce tail gas changing effect, more
Notably can exhaust treatment system be failed.
Aqueous solution of urea reducing agent system has used 10 years or more at present, the Crystallization Plugging pipeline of reducing agent urea, from
And the phenomenon that causing whole system to fail, is generally existing.
The reaction of urea pyrolytic ammonia is complicated, leads to the rate of the decomposition release ammonia of urea and the nitrogen of motor vehicle exhaust emission
The rate of oxide is difficult to match, and discharge standard is not achieved so as to cause motor vehicle exhaust emission.
The reaction of urea pyrolytic ammonia is complicated, the rate of the decomposition release ammonia of urea and the nitrogen oxidation of motor vehicle exhaust emission
The rate of object is difficult to match, so that handling tail gas, the party using excessive urea is sprayed currently in order to reach six standard of state
Method undoubtedly increases the use cost of user.
32.5% every kilogram of vehicle urea is 18.4% using ammonia, and ammon amount is low to cause course continuation mileage short.
In order to overcome urea system reaction during hydrolysis produces ammonia complicated, it is difficult to accurate control；Hydrolytic process causes to arrange
Temperature degree reduces, so that catalysis reactivity reduces；Hydrolysis, pyrolysis not exclusively generate biuret Crystallization Plugging gas exhaust piping, urea
Nozzle；The freezing point of aqueous solution of urea is high, the defect that SCR system can not work normally under low temperature environment, Amminex company, Denmark
Develop and use alkaline earth metal chloride (SrCl2·(NH3)8) fix solid-state ammonia technology (SSCR) of the ammonia as reducing agent.
Chemical equation is as follows:
Compared to urea system (BASF AdBlue), solid-state ammonia technology
(SSCR) every kilogram is 46.175% using ammonia in, and course continuation mileage promotes 2.5 times.
It is many that solid-state ammonia technology (SSCR) solves the complicated bring of urea system (BASF AdBlue) hydrolysis production ammonia reaction
Problem.But there are strontium chloride (SrCl for it2) absorption NH3Time to saturation is very long, SrCl2·(NH3)8Desorption of ammonia is by temperature control
System；All problems such as the mating difficulty in market.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model be the provision of it is a kind of using liquefied ammonia be SCR reducing agent exhaust emissions of diesel engine it is net
To change processing system (ALA), structure is simple, and it is easy to use, it solves urea system (BASF AdBlue) hydrolysis and produces ammonia reaction again
It is miscellaneous, the uncontrollable problem of practical ammonia consumption；Solve in solid-state ammonia technology (SSCR) that ammonia fills slowly, ammonia is discharged by temperature control
System, the problem of the mating hardly possible in market.The processing system (ALA) can accurately control ammonia spraying amount, and structure is simple, and durability is high, use
Service life is long, and customer using cost is low.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model uses following technical measures:
Its technical concept: the utility model uses reducing agent of the liquefied ammonia as diesel vehicle SCR aftertreatment system.Selectivity is urged
The essence for changing reduction (SCR) technology is NH3+NOx=N2+H2O.The boiling point of ammonia is -33 degrees Celsius, and the freezing point of ammonia is -78 Celsius
Degree.Liquefied ammonia is under automotive service situation, and both there is no be similar to the problem of urea system need to decompose preparation；Also Urea Series are not present
System low temperature crystallization and lead to not using the problem of；Less exist and produces ammonia hardly possible because urea decomposes in a short time in urea system
Finely to determine, and the problem of matching can not be vented with vehicle exhaust；Also there is no ammonia releases in solid-state ammonia system to be limited by temperature
The problem of the problem of processed and alkaline earth metal chloride adsorption desorption ammonia are by time restriction.It is thus more convenient using liquefied ammonia, directly
Release ammonia its accurately control to adjust it is relatively reliable.
Liquefied ammonia is commercialization industrial chemicals, for vehicle urea needs to prepare ultrapure water in process of production,
Has the characteristic of 99% high-purity, because diesel vehicle SCR aftertreatment system can be directly used in without carrying out subsequent processing.
Liquefied ammonia is commercialization industrial chemicals, can be directly as the reducing agent of SCR technology, without being consolidated
State ammonia (SSCR) technology adsorption desorption circulation supply, can be used directly, can accuracy controlling be consistent with vehicle exhaust capacity.Liquid
Ammonia is applied on a large scale in chemical field, has had perfect market matching system.
The application purpose is to provide a kind of long course continuation mileage, system of the relatively simple liquefied ammonia of module as SCR reducing agent.
The high failure rate components such as urea pump, urea nozzle, and its external pyrolysis plant are eliminated compared to urea-SCR system.Directly
Using liquefied ammonia, the energy consumption for avoiding production vehicle urea from generating responds the political affairs of national energy conservation and emission reduction so that using energy source more optimizes
Plan.So that vehicle driving mileage is longer, operation and maintenance cost is lower.For urea, disappear according to five tractor urea of state
Information is consumed, 32.5% aqueous solution of urea of 24 liters of 1000km addition (counted according to the 6% of fuel consumption 400L by urea consumption
Calculate), use SSCR system, it is assumed that all using eight ammino strontium chlorides, course continuation mileage is 2500km under same quality, and same matter
The liquefied ammonia course continuation mileage of amount is 5435km.It can be seen that the course continuation mileage of liquefied ammonia is urea system more than 5 times under phase homogenous quantities,
It is solid-state ammonia system more than 2 times.What is more, it is calculated with 3 yuan/L of urea price, 3.6 yuan/L of liquefied ammonia price, 10000km's
Under mileage, urea usage charges be 720 yuan, liquefied ammonia usage charges be 280 yuan, liquefied ammonia usage charges be only urea usage charges three/
One.
A kind of exhaust emissions of diesel engine purified treatment system utilizing liquefied ammonia as SCR (selective catalytic reduction reaction) reducing agent
System is ended based on advanced liquefied ammonia system (ALA) by liquid ammonia steel bottle, liquid level sensor, pressure sensor, heating device, ammonia
Valve, purification device, stable-pressure device, ammonia flow regulating valve, ammonia nozzle, nitrogen oxide sensor, temperature sensor, air mass flow control
Valve processed, diesel oxidation catalyst-carbon particle capturing agent (DOC-DPF), catalytic reactor, recycling device, PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit
(PCU), engine electronic control unit (ECU), gas piping composition.Its connection relationship is: PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (PCU) and hair
Motivation electronic control unit (ECU) is connected, and is that the various signals of acquisition are transferred to by PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (PCU) and starts electromechanics
Sub-control unit (ECU)；First nitrogen oxide sensor is connected with PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (PCU), is to detect the in line nitrogen oxygen of automobile
Compound concentration；First temperature sensor is connected with PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (PCU), is to detect the in line temperature of automobile；Diesel oil oxidation
Catalyst-carbon particle capturing agent (DOC-DPF) is connected by exhaust pipe with engine, is to remove one not reacted completely
Carbonoxide CO and carbon particle；First pressure sensor is connected with diesel oxidation catalyst-carbon particle capturing agent (DOC-DPF), In
The pressure of catalytic reactor has just been initially entered in detection automobile；Second pressure sensor is connected with PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (PCU), In
In pressure of the detection vehicle exhaust after catalytic treatment；Second nitrogen oxide sensor is connected with PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (PCU), is to examine
Survey nitrous oxides concentration of the vehicle exhaust after catalytic treatment；Second temperature sensor is connected with PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (PCU), In
In temperature of the detection vehicle exhaust after catalytic treatment.
Diesel engine includes automotive diesel, marine diesel, diesel generating set.
Motor vehicle exhaust emission is in order to meet six standard of state, when using urea system, it is necessary to be produced using excessive decomposing urea
The ammonia of amount, excess of ammonia are handled using ammoxidation catalyst container (AOC).
Ammoxidation catalyst container (AOC) is connected with selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst container, is to handle multiple rows of ammonia put.
Ammoniacal sensor is connected with ammoxidation catalyst container, is to detect the ammonia content after ammoxidation is catalyzed.
It is characterized by: liquid ammonia steel bottle is equipped with liquefied ammonia, liquefied ammonia is stored by liquid ammonia steel bottle, and liquid level is housed on liquid ammonia steel bottle
Sensor is the measurement of liquefied ammonia surplus；Pressure sensor is housed on liquid ammonia steel bottle, is to detect the pressure of liquid ammonia steel bottle；Liquid
Heating device is housed on ammonia steel cylinder, is to detect that driving conditions are in extreme climate when pressure sensor and liquid level sensor
Under, starting heating device stablizes the supply of ammonia to continue when liquefied ammonia evaporation capacity deficiency.Liquid level sensor on liquid ammonia steel bottle
It is integrated into a detector with pressure sensor, is open by liquid ammonia steel bottle end flange formula and is connected with liquid ammonia steel bottle.Heating dress
It sets and is equally connected using liquid ammonia steel bottle end flange formula opening with liquid ammonia steel bottle.
It is characterized by: being equipped with liquefied ammonia shut-off valve at liquid ammonia steel bottle port, it is tentatively to control to adjust liquefied ammonia flow.Liquefied ammonia
Shut-off valve is connected with PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (PCU), is the resistance wire that shut-off valve valve stem part position is done insulation processing and is equipped with,
When PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (PCU) gives industrial voltage signal (such as 24V) of standard, by measuring current signal, it is converted into
Resistance value, there are linear relationships with valve rod telescopic height for resistance value, to control solenoid valve by PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (PCU)
It is flexible that valve folding size is controlled, so that controlling out throughput by PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (PCU).
It is characterized by: purification device is connected with ammonia shut-off valve, it is to adsorb the trace impurity in release ammonia.Purification dress
It sets the technology path that can take adsorpting type, such as uses the active carbon of large specific surface area, mesoporous carbon, ceramics, molecular sieve, organic
Any another component such as metal framework compound (MOF), covalent organic framework compound (COF), can also use other sides
Formula.
It is characterized by: stable-pressure device (purchasing in the market or any) is connected with purification device, it is to discharge when ammonia
When measuring excessive, stable ammonia pressure.It can be the slightly larger pipe of single diameter, can also be designed to different internal structure, tool
There is the gas pressure maintaining valve in different flow fields.
It is characterized by: ammonia flow regulating valve is connected with stable-pressure device, it is that fine control goes out ammonia amount.It can be used
Electric control valve in industrial automatic control is implemented, or is carried out using Pneumatic butterfly valve.
It is connected it is characterized by: ammonia touches mouth with ammonia flow regulating valve, is uniformly to spray ammonia.It can be using industry
The nozzle of upper different model, such as: umbellate form nozzle, narrow angle umbellate form nozzle, conical nozzle, adjustable ball-type nozzle, venturi spray
Mouth, air atomizer spray nozzle etc..
It is characterized by: air flow control valve and the diesel oxidation catalyst-tail portion carbon particle capturing agent (DOC-DPF) phase
Even, it is to regulate and control NO/NO in tail gas2Ratio so that subsequent nitrous oxides selectivity catalysis reduction it is more efficient.Air
Flow control valve mainly includes throttle valve, speed governing valve, overflow throttle valve and flow divider-combiner etc..
It is characterized by: recycling device is connected with catalytic reactor, it is to follow not up to discharge standard object again
Ring, main process are to spray ammonia to recycling tail gas again, and the efficiency of comprehensive catalysis reaction is made into catalytic reactor
It is improved.Recycling device can be calculated by differential manometer and be realized, specific practice is measurement by before and after SCR catalyst container
Then pressure difference connects SCR catalyst container rear and front end using pipeline of different specifications and sizes, thus accomplish tail gas partial recirculation,
Catalysis number is improved, to improve transformation efficiency.Such as the catalysis reaction efficiency of single is 70%, 50% tail gas by following again
After loop system, catalytic efficiency is promoted to 84%.When the catalytic efficiency of single is 80%, 50% tail gas passes through recirculating system
Afterwards, catalytic efficiency is promoted to 88%.
Its use process is: exhaust treatment process is the NOx sensor measurement when engine carries out exhaust emissions
The content of nitrogen oxide in tail gas, temperature sensor measurement initial exhaust gas temperature are adopted by the data of PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (PCU)
Set analysis, the CO not reacted completely through diesel oil oxidation catalysis-carbon particle acquisition equipment (DOC-DPF) removing and carbon particle, effect
In air flow control valve, to regulate and control NO/NO in tail gas2Ratio.By the calculating of PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (PCU), effect
In ammonia flow regulating valve, ammonia nozzle, the nitrogen oxides in the ammonia reduction tail gas of specified amount is sprayed, is allowed to be converted to nitrogen
Gas, by the detection of nitrogen oxide sensor, the direct emission if reaching discharge standard, not up to discharge standard pass through recycling system
System, main process are that the efficiency that injection ammonia reacts catalysis again increases.
The utility model compared with prior art, has the following advantages that and effect:
The technology path selects the liquefied ammonia reducing agent that alternatively property restores, and selects low cost, and high-durability has benefit
The different size valve of repaying property carries out efficient combination and the direct release of ammonia is precisely controlled.It is compared to urea-SCR
System eliminates the high failure rate components such as urea pump, urea nozzle, and its external pyrolysis plant.Liquefied ammonia is directly used, is neither deposited
It is being similar to the problem of urea system need to decompose preparation；Also there is no urea system low temperature crystallization and lead to not using ask
Topic；Less exist and be difficult to fine determination because urea decomposes production ammonia in a short time in urea system, and can not and vehicle exhaust
The problem of exhaust matching；Also there is no ammonia releases in solid-state ammonia system (SSCR) by the problem of temperature limiting and alkaline-earth metal
The problem of chloride adsorption desorption ammonia is by time restriction.Current SCR efficiency of post treatment is promoted to 99.9% from 86% by the system；It presses
According to tractor 40L/100 gas mileage, urea consumption is 6% calculating of oil consumption, and under phase homogenous quantities, liquefied ammonia course continuation mileage is
5435km, SSCR solid-state ammonia system course continuation mileage are 2500km.Liquefied ammonia course continuation mileage is more than 5 times of urea system, is solid-state ammonia
More than 2 times of system.Under identical mileage, according to tractor 40L/100 gas mileage, urea consumption is the 6-8% of oil consumption, urea
3 yuan/L of price, 3.6 yuan/L of liquefied ammonia price are calculated, and it is 720 yuan -960 yuan that user, which travels 10,000 kilometers of urea usage charges,；User
Travelling 10,000 kilometers of liquefied ammonia usage charges is 280 yuan -374 yuan.Liquefied ammonia usage charges are only the one third of urea usage charges.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 be it is a kind of using liquefied ammonia be SCR (selective catalytic reduction) reducing agent exhaust emissions of diesel engine purified treatment
The structural schematic diagram of system.
Fig. 2 is a kind of to be purified using the exhaust emissions of diesel engine that liquefied ammonia is SCR (comprising DOC-DPF-AOC system) reducing agent
The structural schematic diagram of processing system.
Wherein: 1- liquid ammonia steel bottle, 2- ammonia shut-off valve (purchasing in the market), 3- purification device, 4- stable-pressure device,
5- ammonia flow regulating valve (purchase in the market or any model), 6- ammonia nozzle (are purchased or any type in the market
Number), 7- catalytic reactor, the first temperature sensor of 8- (purchasing in the market), the first nitrogen oxide sensor of 9- (purchasing in the market),
10- air flow control valve (purchasing in the market), 11- first pressure sensor (purchasing in the market), 12- recycling device,
The second nitrogen oxide sensor of 13- (purchasing in the market), 14- second temperature sensor (purchasing in the market), 15- second pressure sensing
Device (purchasing in the market), 16- third pressure sensor (purchasing in the market), 17- liquid level sensor (purchasing in market), 18- heating
Device, 19- engine electronic control unit (ECU), 20- PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (PCU), 21- diesel oxidation catalyst-carbon
Grain capturing agent (DOC-DPF).22- ammoniacal sensor (purchasing in the market), 23- ammoxidation catalyst container (AOC).
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The utility model is described further with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples: a kind of (selective for SCR using liquefied ammonia
Catalysis reduction) reducing agent exhaust emissions of diesel engine cleaning treatment system, a kind of exhaust emissions of diesel engine cleaning treatment system
(ALA) by liquid ammonia steel bottle 1, liquid level sensor 17, first pressure sensor 11, second pressure sensor 15, third pressure sensing
Device 16, heating device 18, ammonia shut-off valve 2, purification device 3, stable-pressure device 4, ammonia flow regulating valve 5, ammonia nozzle 6,
One nitrogen oxide sensor 9, the second nitrogen oxide sensor 13, the first temperature sensor 8, second temperature sensor 14, air flow control
Valve 10, diesel oxidation catalyst-carbon particle capturing agent (DOC-DPF) 21, catalytic reactor 7, recycling device 12, PREDICTIVE CONTROL
Unit 20 (PCU), engine electronic control unit 19 (ECU), ammoniacal sensor 22, ammoxidation catalyst container 23, gas piping composition.
Its connection relationship: PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit 20 (PCU) is connected with engine electronic control unit 19 (ECU), in PREDICTIVE CONTROL list
The various signals of acquisition are transferred to 19ECU by 20 (PCU) of member；First nitrogen oxide sensor 9 and PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit 20 (PCU) phase
Even, it is to detect the in line nitrous oxides concentration of automobile；First temperature sensor 8 is connected with PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit 20 (PCU),
It is to detect the in line temperature of automobile；Diesel oxidation catalyst-carbon particle capturing agent (DOC-DPF) 21 passes through exhaust pipe and hair
Motivation is connected, and is to remove the CO not reacted completely and carbon particle；First pressure sensor 11 and diesel oxidation catalyst-carbon
Particle capture agent (DOC-DPF) 21 is connected, and is to detect the pressure that automobile has just initially entered catalytic reactor；Second pressure passes
Sensor 15 is connected with PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit 20 (PCU), is to detect pressure of the vehicle exhaust after catalytic treatment；Second nitrogen oxygen
Sensor 13 is connected with PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit 20 (PCU), is that nitrogen oxides of the detection vehicle exhaust after catalytic treatment is dense
Degree；Second temperature sensor 14 is connected with PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit 20 (PCU), is to detect vehicle exhaust after catalytic treatment
Temperature；
It is characterized by: liquid ammonia steel bottle 1 is equipped with liquefied ammonia, liquefied ammonia is stored by liquid ammonia steel bottle 1, liquid ammonia steel bottle 1 and liquid level
Sensor 17 is connected, and is the measurement of liquefied ammonia surplus；Liquid ammonia steel bottle 1 is connected with third pressure sensor 16, is to detect liquefied ammonia
The pressure of steel cylinder 1；Liquid ammonia steel bottle 1 is connected with upper heating device 18, is when third pressure sensor 16 and liquid level sensor 17
Detect that driving conditions are under extreme climate, starting heating device holds the supply stabilization of ammonia when liquefied ammonia evaporation capacity deficiency
It is continuous.Liquid level sensor 17 and third pressure sensor 16 on liquid ammonia steel bottle 1 are integrated into a detector, pass through liquid ammonia steel bottle 1
End flange formula opening is connected with liquid ammonia steel bottle 1.Heating device 18 is equally using 1 end flange formula of liquid ammonia steel bottle opening and liquefied ammonia
Steel cylinder is connected.
It is characterized by: being equipped with liquefied ammonia shut-off valve 2 at 1 port of liquid ammonia steel bottle, it is tentatively to control to adjust liquefied ammonia flow.Liquid
Ammonia globe valve 2 is connected with PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit 20 (PCU), is the electricity that shut-off valve valve stem part position is done insulation processing and is equipped with
Silk is hindered, when PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit 20 (PCU) gives industrial voltage signal (such as 24V) of standard, by measuring current signal,
It is converted into resistance value, there are linear relationships with valve rod telescopic height for resistance value, to control by PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit 20 (PCU)
Solenoid valve processed is flexible to control valve folding size, so that controlling out throughput by PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit 20 (PCU).
It is characterized by: purification device 3 is connected with ammonia shut-off valve 2, it is to adsorb the trace impurity in release ammonia.Purification
Device can take the technology path of adsorpting type, for example, using the active carbon of large specific surface area, mesoporous carbon, ceramics, molecular sieve, have
Machine metal framework compound (MOF), covalent organic framework compound (COF) etc., can also take other form.
It is characterized by: stable-pressure device 4 is connected with purification device 3, it is when ammonia burst size is excessive, stable ammonia pressure.Its
It can be the slightly larger pipe of single diameter, can also be designed to that there is different internal structure, the gas pressure stabilizing with different flow fields
Valve.
It is characterized by: ammonia flow regulating valve 5 is connected with stable-pressure device 4, it is characterised in that fine control goes out ammonia amount.
The electric control valve in industrial automatic control can be used to implement in it.
It is connected it is characterized by: ammonia touches mouth 6 with ammonia flow regulating valve 5, it is characterised in that uniformly spray ammonia.It can be with
Using the nozzle of industrial different model, such as: umbellate form nozzle, narrow angle umbellate form nozzle, conical nozzle, adjustable ball-type nozzle,
Venturi nozzle, air atomizer spray nozzle etc..
It is characterized by: air flow control valve 10 and diesel oxidation catalyst-carbon particle capturing agent 21 (DOC-DPF)
Tail portion is connected, it is characterised in that NO/NO in regulation tail gas2Ratio so that subsequent nitrous oxides selectivity catalysis reduction
It is more efficient.Air flow control valve mainly includes throttle valve, speed governing valve, overflow throttle valve and flow divider-combiner etc..
It is characterized by: recycling device 12 is connected with catalytic reactor 7, it is characterised in that not up to discharge standard object
It being recycled, main process goes out pressure difference using pipe design, tail gas imported into catalytic reactor again using pressure difference, it
After spray ammonia, catalysis reaction again is carried out, so that comprehensive catalysis reaction efficiency is improved.Recycling device 12 can be with
It is realized by differential manometer calculation, specific practice is measurement by pressure difference before and after SCR catalyst container, then big using different size
Small pipeline connects SCR catalyst container rear and front end, to accomplish tail gas partial recirculation, improves catalysis 1 time, obtains recycling dress
It sets, to improve transformation efficiency.Such as the catalysis reaction efficiency of single be 70%, 50% tail gas after recirculating system,
Catalytic efficiency is promoted to 84%.When the catalytic efficiency of single is 80%, 50% tail gas is after recirculating system, catalysis effect
Rate is promoted to 88%.
The liquid ammonia steel bottle 1 can be used Vehicular liquefied gas cylinder and replace as storage ammonia container.But it is each because paying attention to
From the pressure-bearing scope of application.Practical automobile-used liquid ammonia steel bottle is indicated because its use environment is special, size specification size etc. needs professional people
Scholar is designed, and those skilled in the art can prepare.
It is described based on advanced liquefied ammonia system by liquid ammonia steel bottle 1, liquid ammonia steel bottle 1 is connected with liquid level sensor 17, is liquid
The measurement of ammonia surplus；Liquid ammonia steel bottle 1 is connected with third pressure sensor 16, is to detect the pressure of liquid ammonia steel bottle 1；Liquid ammonia steel bottle
1 is connected with upper heating device 18, is the starting heating dress when PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (PCU) 20 detects liquefied ammonia evaporation capacity deficiency
It sets so that the supply of ammonia is stable lasting.Liquid level sensor 17 and third pressure sensor 16 on liquid ammonia steel bottle 1 are integrated into one
A detector is open by 1 end flange formula of liquid ammonia steel bottle and is connected with liquid ammonia steel bottle 1.Heating device 18 equally uses liquefied ammonia steel
Bottle 1 end flange formula opening is connected with liquid ammonia steel bottle.It is convenient for ensuring that liquid ammonia steel bottle is using what is more so that structure is simple with this
Safety in the process.PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (PCU) 20 collects the signal for handling each sensor, in order to liquid ammonia steel bottle safety
Property, cruise-ability, workability accomplish online evaluation, and the signal by collecting nitrogen oxides calculates wink using built-in model
When ammonia spraying amount, then adjust liquefied ammonia shut-off valve, ammonia flow control valve ammonia spraying amount so that being released under instantaneous discharge amount
Accurately instantaneous ammonia amount is put, efficient process exhaust emissions is cooperateed with.Liquefied ammonia shut-off valve 2 is housed at 1 port of liquid ammonia steel bottle, is preliminary
Control to adjust liquefied ammonia flow.Purification device 3 is connected with ammonia shut-off valve 2, is to adsorb the trace impurity in release ammonia.To
Ensure that liquefied ammonia nozzle is not easy to plug, enhances the reliability and durability of whole system device.Stable-pressure device 4 and 3 phase of purification device
Even, it is when ammonia burst size is excessive, stable ammonia pressure.Ammonia flow regulating valve 5 is connected with stable-pressure device 4, it is characterised in that essence
Thin control goes out ammonia amount.Ammonia touches mouth 6 and is connected with ammonia flow regulating valve 5, it is characterised in that uniformly sprays ammonia.Recycling device
12 are connected with catalytic reactor 7, it is characterised in that recycle to not up to discharge standard object, main process is to give again
It recycles tail gas and sprays ammonia, into catalytic reactor the efficiency of comprehensive catalysis reaction is improved.
The purification device 3 is by the way of filling porous material in pipeline.Any specific practice is as follows: selecting caliber
The round tube for being 50mm for Φ 3/4 (6 scruples of diameter=19mm) length, filling is commercialized 4A molecular sieve thereto, or is first to select
With after quartz sand be added molecular sieve etc. forms.
The stable-pressure device 4 its substantially be exactly the biggish container of volume.Any specific practice is as follows: working as tracheae
Then stable-pressure device can be set as the cuboid container of 40mm x 20mm x 20mm when for Φ 3/8, by its head and the tail both ends open
The tracheae of Φ 3/8 is connected, then cuboid container is then the stable-pressure device of the gas circuit.
Its composition of the catalytic reactor 7 is: by catalyst V2O5–WO3The preparation amount of being slurried is coated on cellular porous pottery
On porcelain, coated cellular porous ceramics are subjected to roasting 1 hour or so at 600 DEG C, cool to room temperature with the furnace later
(20-25 DEG C) is encapsulated in tubulose stainless steel later to get to the porous ceramic matrix catalyst with catalyst coatings,
As catalytic reactor.
Its composition of the recycling device 12 is to access pipeline of different specifications and sizes at the both ends of catalytic reactor 7,
Such as the diameter of exhaust pipe is 30cm, is Φ 3/4 in the diameter of the both ends access conduit of catalytic reactor 7, because exhaust pipe is straight
Diameter is greater than the diameter of access conduit, and there is pressure differences between the two, using pressure difference, can accomplish tail gas by access conduit
And imported into catalytic reactor again, recycling device is obtained with this.To accomplish tail gas partial recirculation, catalysis 1 is improved
It is secondary, to improve transformation efficiency.Such as the catalysis reaction efficiency of single be 70%, 50% tail gas after recirculating system,
Catalytic efficiency is promoted to 84%.When the catalytic efficiency of single is 80%, 50% tail gas is after recirculating system, catalysis effect
Rate is promoted to 88%.
Resistance wire, controllable ceramic heating are placed in an end closure by the heating device 18, and the other end is outer silk screw thread
Stainless steel tube in, then by i.e. structure at the internal thread screw thread outside stainless steel tube on one end of silk screw thread at liquid ammonia storage tank upper flange
At heating device.
Its composition of the ammoxidation catalyst container 23 (AOC) is: cerium-zirconium-aluminium oxide either nitric acid object is dissolved in
Water carries out ball milling.Chloroplatinic acid is added later, then slightly volatilize it moisture at 60 c, is prepared into slurry coated in bee
On nest shape porous ceramics, roasting 2 hours or so is carried out under 600 degrees Celsius later.It is encapsulated in stainless steel and prepares later
Ammonification oxidation catalysis case.
Its use process: liquefied ammonia ALA system is connected by CAN line with engine with engine electronic control unit ECU.Hair
Motivation gas exhaust piping connect diesel oil oxidation catalysis system, carbon particle capture systems, finally with liquefied ammonia selective catalytic reduction system operating
Connection.Liquefied ammonia is stored by liquid ammonia steel bottle, and liquefied ammonia surplus is measured by liquid level sensor, and internal pressure sensor is used for
The pressure for detecting liquid ammonia steel bottle, to judge in liquefied ammonia evaporation capacity deficiency for ammonia source capability, to start heating
It is lasting that device stablizes the supply of ammonia.When engine carries out exhaust emissions, NOx sensor (9) is measured in tail gas
The content of nitrogen oxides, temperature sensor (8) measure initial exhaust gas temperature, by the calculating of PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (PCU), effect
In air flow control valve (10), to regulate and control the ratio of NO/NO2 in tail gas, pass through diesel oxidation catalyst-carbon later
Grain capturing agent (DOC-DPF) (21) removes the CO not reacted completely and carbon particle.By the calculating of PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (PCU),
Ammonia flow regulating valve (5), ammonia nozzle (6) are acted on, the nitrogen oxides in the ammonia reduction tail gas of specified amount is sprayed, is allowed to
It is converted to nitrogen, by the detection of nitrogen oxide sensor (13), the direct emission if reaching discharge standard, if not up to discharge mark
Criterion carries out ammonia injection by recirculating system (12) and carries out catalysis reaction again.Until meeting the standard of exhaust emissions.
In order to make system that there is universality to need excess of ammonia conduct for the diesel engine of some special circumstances
When reducing agent, ammoniacal sensor 22, ammoxidation catalyst container 23 (as shown in Figure 2) are installed additional to it to make its tail gas meet discharge mark
It is quasi-.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of exhaust emissions of diesel engine cleaning treatment system utilizing liquefied ammonia as SCR (selective catalytic reduction) reducing agent,
Liquid level sensor 17 is connected with liquid ammonia steel bottle 1, it is characterised in that the measurement of liquefied ammonia surplus.Its specific implementation method is as follows: optional
With ultrasonic liquid level sensor, capacitance level gauge (such as SC-700 capacitance level gauge), radio frequency capacitor liquid level meter, floating ball liquid
Level sensor etc..It is easy to use for ultrasonic liquid level sensor, but because liquid ammonia steel bottle entrucking uses, liquid level is one
The process fluctuated up and down, error are very big.When using float ball liquid level sensor, error is relatively small, but large scale preparation pressure is held
The float ball liquid level sensor of device, preparation process are complicated.Capacitance level gauge, radio frequency capacitance liquid level meter because its measurement error it is small,
Measurement accuracy can be more improved according to mathematical modeling, therefore this kind of sensor is best suitable for requirement.Other structures or connection relationship
It is same as Example 1.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of exhaust emissions of diesel engine cleaning treatment system utilizing liquefied ammonia as SCR (selective catalytic reduction) reducing agent,
Liquefied ammonia shut-off valve 2 is connected with PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (PCU) 20, it is characterised in that does insulation processing simultaneously in shut-off valve valve stem part position
The resistance wire being equipped with passes through measurement electricity when PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (PCU) gives industrial voltage signal (such as 24V) of standard
Signal is flowed, the telescope signal that resistance value is further converted to valve rod is converted into, so that valve folding size is controlled, so that
Throughput is controlled out in passing through PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (PCU).Other structures or connection relationship are same as Example 1.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of exhaust emissions of diesel engine cleaning treatment system utilizing liquefied ammonia as SCR (selective catalytic reduction) reducing agent,
Heating device 18 is connected with liquid ammonia steel bottle 1, it is characterised in that when third pressure sensor 16 and the detection trip of liquid level sensor 17
Vehicle process is under extreme climate, and starting heating device stablizes the supply of ammonia to continue when liquefied ammonia evaporation capacity deficiency.Heating
Device can be used the modes such as resistance wire, controllable ceramic heating, infrared ray, electromagnetic wave and be carried out.Wherein resistance wire type heats
Because controllability is not high, therefore it is difficult to as being used for a long time element in liquid ammonia steel bottle.Use infrared heater, electromagnetic wave heating
Device is necessarily mounted at the top of liquid ammonia steel bottle, for the steel cylinder being used for a long time, will increase application risk.Thus use
Controllable ceramic heating is optimal selection scheme, and controllable ceramic heating is for example using PTC ceramic heating plate, cardinal principle
It is a kind of novel semiconductor ceramic material for PTC, raw material is penetrated into many kinds of substance post-processing and formed based on barium titanate.PTC has
One " Curie-point temperature " being set as needed, when being lower than this temperature, resistance reduces with the raising of temperature, is higher than this
When a temperature, resistance value then increases with the raising of temperature, thus accomplish it is highly controllable, guarantee liquid ammonia steel bottle during heating
Safety.Other structures or connection relationship are same as Example 1.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of exhaust emissions of diesel engine cleaning treatment system utilizing liquefied ammonia as SCR (selective catalytic reduction) reducing agent,
Purification device 3 is connected with ammonia shut-off valve 2, it is characterised in that the trace impurity in absorption release ammonia.Purification device can take suction
The technology path of subordinate class type, such as use the active carbon of large specific surface area, mesoporous carbon, ceramics, molecular sieve, organic metal framework
Close object (MOF), covalent organic framework compound (COF), polymeric membrane, sand core, filter paper etc..Such as use 4 molecular sieve of A, filter paper
Deng.Other structures or connection relationship are same as Example 1.
Embodiment 6:
A kind of exhaust emissions of diesel engine cleaning treatment system utilizing liquefied ammonia as SCR (selective catalytic reduction) reducing agent,
Stable-pressure device 4 is connected with purification device 3, it is characterised in that when ammonia burst size is excessive, stable ammonia pressure.The stable-pressure device its
Essence is the biggish container of volume.Any specific practice is as follows: when tracheae is Φ 3/8, then stable-pressure device be can be set as
Its head and the tail both ends open, is connected the tracheae of Φ 3/8 by the cuboid container of 40mm x 20mm x 20mm, then cuboid container is then
For the stable-pressure device of the gas circuit.Other structures or connection relationship are same as Example 1.
Embodiment 7:
A kind of exhaust emissions of diesel engine cleaning treatment system utilizing liquefied ammonia as SCR (selective catalytic reduction) reducing agent,
Ammonia flow regulating valve 5 is connected with stable-pressure device 4, it is characterised in that fine control goes out ammonia amount.Industrial automation can be used in it
Electric control valve in control is implemented.Other structures or connection relationship are same as Example 1.
Embodiment 8:
Ammonia touches mouth 6 and is connected with ammonia flow regulating valve 5, it is characterised in that uniformly sprays ammonia.It can be using industrial
The nozzle of different model, such as: umbellate form nozzle, narrow angle umbellate form nozzle, conical nozzle, adjustable ball-type nozzle, Venturi nozzle,
Air atomizer spray nozzle etc..Other structures or connection relationship are same as Example 1.
Embodiment 9:
A kind of exhaust emissions of diesel engine cleaning treatment system utilizing liquefied ammonia as SCR (selective catalytic reduction) reducing agent,
Air flow control valve 10 is connected with 21 tail portion DOC-DPF, it is characterised in that NO/NO in regulation tail gas2Ratio so that after
Continuous nitrous oxides selectivity catalysis restores more efficient.Air flow control valve mainly includes throttle valve, speed governing valve, overflow
Throttle valve and flow divider-combiner etc..
Nitrous oxides selectivity reduction equation are as follows:
8NH3+6NO2→7N2+12H2O (a)
4NH3+6NO→5N2+6H2O (b)
4NH3+2NO+2NO2→4N2+6H2O (c)
Research shows that: (a) reaction rate of (b) is slow, and reaction rate (c) is 10 times of (a) (b).Therefore it selects anti-
Answer (c) main reaction that alternatively property restores.
After nitrogen oxide sensor detects nitrogen oxygen concentration, signal is handled by PCU, and control air flow control valve injection is empty
Gas completes reaction 2NO+O2→2NO2, allow NO/NO2=1:1, so that SCR rate of catalysis reaction is faster, the place of nitrogen oxides
It manages more abundant.Other structures or connection relationship are same as Example 1.
Claims (4)
1. it is a kind of using liquefied ammonia be SCR reducing agent exhaust emissions of diesel engine cleaning treatment system, it include based on ALA system,
Liquid ammonia steel bottle (1), liquid level sensor (17), third pressure sensor (16), heating device (18), ammonia shut-off valve (2), purification
Device (3), stable-pressure device (4), ammonia flow regulating valve (5), ammonia nozzle (6), the first nitrogen oxide sensor (9), the first temperature
Sensor (8), diesel oxidation catalyst-carbon particle capturing agent (21), first pressure sensor (11), catalytic reactor (7), again
Circulator (12), PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (20), engine electronic control unit (19), ammoniacal sensor (22), ammoxidation catalysis
Case (23), PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (20) are connected with engine electronic control unit (19), the first nitrogen oxide sensor (9) and pre- observing and controlling
Unit (20) processed is connected, and the first temperature sensor (8) is connected with PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (20), diesel oxidation catalyst-carbon particle
Capturing agent (21) is connected by exhaust pipe with engine, first pressure sensor (11) and diesel oxidation catalyst-carbon particle
Capturing agent (21) be connected, second pressure sensor (15) is connected with PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (20), the second nitrogen oxide sensor (13) and
PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (20) is connected, and second temperature sensor (14) is connected with PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit (20), it is characterised in that: liquefied ammonia
Steel cylinder (1) is equipped with liquefied ammonia, and liquid ammonia steel bottle (1) is connected with liquid level sensor (17), liquid ammonia steel bottle (1) and third pressure sensor
(16) it is connected, liquid ammonia steel bottle (1) is connected with upper heating device (18), liquid level sensor (17) and third on liquid ammonia steel bottle (1)
Pressure sensor (16) integrates a detector, is open by liquid ammonia steel bottle (1) end flange formula and is connected with liquid ammonia steel bottle (1),
Heating device (18) is connected using liquid ammonia steel bottle (1) end flange formula opening with liquid ammonia steel bottle (1), stable-pressure device (4) and purification
Device (3) is connected, and ammonia flow regulating valve (5) is connected with stable-pressure device (4), and air flow control valve (10) is urged with diesel oil oxidation
Agent-carbon particle capturing agent (21) tail portion is connected, and recycling device (12) is connected with catalytic reactor (7).
2. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of using liquefied ammonia be SCR reducing agent exhaust emissions of diesel engine cleaning treatment system,
It is characterized by: ammonia shut-off valve (2) are housed at described liquid ammonia steel bottle (1) port, ammonia shut-off valve (2) and PREDICTIVE CONTROL list
First (20) are connected, and ammonia nozzle (6) is connected with ammonia flow regulating valve (5).
3. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of using liquefied ammonia be SCR reducing agent exhaust emissions of diesel engine cleaning treatment system,
It is characterized by: the purification device (3) is connected with ammonia shut-off valve (2).
4. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of using liquefied ammonia be SCR reducing agent exhaust emissions of diesel engine cleaning treatment system,
It is characterized by: the ammonia nozzle (6) be umbellate form nozzle, narrow angle umbellate form nozzle, conical nozzle, adjustable ball-type nozzle,
Venturi nozzle, air atomizer spray nozzle are therein any.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112879128A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2021-06-01 | 佛冈鼎立气体有限公司 | Method for promoting diesel engine to realize energy conservation and emission reduction based on liquid ammonia technology |
| CN113062790A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2021-07-02 | 佛冈鼎立气体有限公司 | Electronic control supply system using ammonia as SCR reducing agent |
| CN113339114A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-03 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Regeneration protection system and vehicle |
| CN113550813A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2021-10-26 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | Nitrogen oxide conversion method, device and vehicle |
| CN114961934A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-08-30 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Engine tail gas treatment device and method |
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2019
- 2019-02-27 CN CN201920249459.3U patent/CN209637852U/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113550813A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2021-10-26 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | Nitrogen oxide conversion method, device and vehicle |
| CN113062790A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2021-07-02 | 佛冈鼎立气体有限公司 | Electronic control supply system using ammonia as SCR reducing agent |
| CN112879128A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2021-06-01 | 佛冈鼎立气体有限公司 | Method for promoting diesel engine to realize energy conservation and emission reduction based on liquid ammonia technology |
| CN112879128B (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2021-11-05 | 佛冈鼎立气体有限公司 | Method for promoting diesel engine to realize energy conservation and emission reduction based on liquid ammonia technology |
| CN113339114A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-03 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Regeneration protection system and vehicle |
| CN114961934A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-08-30 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Engine tail gas treatment device and method |
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