CN209604141U - Reciprocating-piston machine with variable compression ratio - Google Patents

Reciprocating-piston machine with variable compression ratio Download PDF

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Publication number
CN209604141U
CN209604141U CN201822129077.5U CN201822129077U CN209604141U CN 209604141 U CN209604141 U CN 209604141U CN 201822129077 U CN201822129077 U CN 201822129077U CN 209604141 U CN209604141 U CN 209604141U
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
filter
reciprocating
piston machine
oil
connecting rod
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN201822129077.5U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
乌韦·沙夫拉特
彼得·拉夫
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FEV Europe GmbH
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FEV Europe GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00Other engines
    • F02B75/04Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads
    • F02B75/045Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads by means of a variable connecting rod length
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D15/00Varying compression ratio
    • F02D15/02Varying compression ratio by alteration or displacement of piston stroke

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of, and the reciprocating-piston machine with variable compression ratio includes oil strainer, and the oil strainer is arranged in after oil pump along lubricant flow direction.After-filter (90), the after-filter may include sieve and/or filter, after the oil strainer (83) are arranged in along lubricant flow direction, so that the lubricant stream for flowing through the after-filter (90) can be used in manipulation and change compression ratio.

Description

Reciprocating-piston machine with variable compression ratio
Technical field
There is " variable compression ratio " VCR, i.e. variable compression ratio the utility model relates to a kind of Reciprocating-piston machine.
Background technique
For combustion engine, compression ratio is the total cylinder space (i.e. total volume) and compressed remaining sky before compression Between the ratio between (i.e. residual volume).In order to obtain best combustion or performance number, it is known that compression ratio can be changed for this purpose. It is retouched in WO 2014/019683A1,2015/193437 A1 of 2014/019684 WO A1, WO 2015/173412 A1 and WO The example for having stated this reciprocating-piston machine.
Different compression ratios for example is realized by changing top dead center position in known reciprocating-piston machine.For This has one or more piston/cylinder support units, working body using a kind of regulating mechanism of usual hydraulic operation Product is connected via the hydraulic circuit driven with engine oil.The component part of hydraulic circuit is especially also a kind of switch, is used In making flow of pressurized direction be inverted to another from a piston/cylinder support unit or be inverted to from a working volume another A working volume.The example of connecting rod for the reciprocating-piston machine with variable compression ratio can be in DE 31 48 193A1、DE 197 03 948 01、DE 103 04 686 A1、DE 10 2010 061 360A1、DE 10 2010 061 363A1、DE 10 2011 056 298A1、DE 10 2011 108 790A1、EP 1 424 486A1、EP 1 426 584 B1、WO 2014/019683 A1、WO 2015/082722 A1、WO 2015/104253 A1、WO 2015/173412 A1、WO 2015/173411 A1, WO 2015/155167 is found in A1.
The above-mentioned switch of the access hydraulic circuit of connecting rod usually has the switching element in bolt type part form, the bolt type part Can be transferred to from the first switching position limited by the first stopper section in connecting rod the second switching position (and otherwise also So), which limited by the second stopper section in connecting rod.Each switching position in two switching positions In another outside of the switching element in two of connecting rod outsides it is prominent.Two switching positions correspond to different compressions Than.
In multiple embodiments of the prior art, the switching element of the switch is transferred to another from a switching position A switching position is the operating element on the operation surface being separated from each other by means of there are two tools to realize, the operation surface Extend in a radial plane respectively relative to crankshaft center axis.The linear of crankshaft center axis is parallel to by operating element Mobile, the switching element is same when contacting with one of operation surface to be parallel to the movement of crankshaft center axis.The operation table Face especially with the plane of motion of switching element it is at an acute angle extend, when connecting rod is mobile by crankshaft, the switching element is in the movement It is moved in plane.
It has proven convenient that may especially influence the switching of VCR system when being on the verge of maximum service life (MSL).Accordingly, this is practical new The purpose of type is that the possible weakness of VCR system, the possible failure rate of reduction and offer are suitable for improving VCR out for identification The solution of system.
Utility model content
This purpose is realized by reciprocating-piston machine according to the present utility model.Preferred improvement project exists It is given below.
A kind of reciprocating-piston machine (especially combustion engine) with variable compression ratio includes oil strainer, the machine Oil strainer is arranged in after oil pump along lubricant flow direction.After-filter (after-filter may include sieve and/ Or filter) be arranged in oil strainer along lubricant flow direction after so that flowing through the lubricant stream of the after-filter It can be used for switching compression ratio.Switching is also construed as changing compression ratio.Thus it extraly filters used in the VCR system Machine oil.This is used to protect the purpose of component.Thus the functional safety of the VCR system in batch use is improved.By means of volume Outer filtering protects the component of VCR system from the pollutant received in machine oil, and therefore this helps to be promoted in batch use Functional safety.
Advantageously, reciprocating-piston machine includes shell, the crankshaft that is rotatably disposed in shell, at least one Connecting rod (connecting rod is rotatably supported at the crank journal of crankshaft and the connecting rod and compression piston are connected), for changing The regulating mechanism of compression ratio and switching element for manipulating regulating mechanism.These features describe the preferred of corresponding engine Design structure form.
Preferably, it is provided with branch in the oil return line between the oil strainer and the after-filter, so that Only a part in fluid stream reaches the after-filter from the oil strainer.The master of volume flow for other purposes Partially to be particularly useful as the supply to the switching mechanism of VCR.Especially in engine cold-start, machine oil mistake within the engine Filter may due to being bypassed in the wherein excessive pressure loss (due to high engine oil viscosity), sensitive VCR system by Possible contaminant particle in machine oil, these contaminant particles may cause block and therefore cause influence to system/ Failure.The particle of after-filter can be obviously coarseer by limit than the particle of (master) oil strainer by limit.Cause This, hence it is evident that coarseer part can not pass through (master) oil strainer also by after-filter, these parts.
In particular, can be parallel to oil strainer is disposed with overflow valve and/or overflow valve not set for after-filter, The overflow valve is especially parallel to after-filter arrangement.The overflow valve for (master) oil strainer is needed, so as to cold Guarantee enough machine oil stream under entry condition, and thus reliably reaching the component all to be supplied always.It has realized that The overflow valve be not force it is necessary, even if VCR system can also being allowed to work without problems in cold start conditions.It is being cold-started Interference of the period in VCR system leads to the result that burning is possible to suboptimally carry out or the performance number of engine drops It is low.However, thus generating permanent damage at engine.Therefore may can receive: when on the other hand always to for VCR Machine oil when being filtered, VCR may be sent out due to excessively high engine oil viscosity in after-filter and excessive flow resistance Raw failure.
Preferably, after-filter can be arranged in the cylinder block of reciprocating-piston machine or at cylinder block and/or phase The cylinder body position of reciprocating-piston machine is fixed.Whole machine oil of the preferred guidance for crankshaft in this embodiment By the after-filter.Alternatively, after-filter can be arranged in crankshaft, this forms the variation in structure.
Alternatively and it is particularly preferred that at least one connecting rod of the reciprocating-piston machine and especially correspondingly After-filter is disposed in whole connecting rods.Most can simply it ensure in this arrangement, the oil flow rate for VCR system It can accurately, targetedly be cleaned using after-filter.Although after-filter blocking has VCR system no longer work The shortcomings that making, but the allomeric function of unobvious interference engine.When (from different in the preferred embodiment) for example for piston/ It when the machine oil of cylinder lubrication may pass through after-filter, may show different, because then the blocking of after-filter can It can lead to engine damage.
It is also advantageous that oil-collecting region is provided in connecting rod, in one which passes through the bearing shell of connecting rod Disconnected portion or multiple discontinuities are supplied with lubricant.Oil-collecting region is only flow channel or flow region in the simplest case, The flow channel or flow region lead to after-filter from bearing shell.
It especially can be in connecting rod, when crank link mechanism is in top dead centre, in being located in lower part for the connecting-rod bearing Heart district domain is in not set discontinuities in connecting rod bearing shell, which is used to flow into the machine oil for VCR system." center " meaning Think of is particularly in the imaging plane of connecting rod.The side of connecting rod indicates the side that the power of engine drive torque does not act on herein Face.Bearing shell should not weaken at center because this central point piston top dead center be accurately below or with piston and song Arbor neck flushes.
It is also advantageous that the after-filter is contained in the receiving portion of the connecting rod, and the connecting-rod bearing Bearing shell or its at least part be arranged to and so that it is worked as stroke limiting stop to prevent the after-filter from institute State receiving portion removal.And it is also advantageous that with it is since the after-filter, along towards for adjusting the pressure The cross-sectional area of the flow channel in the direction of the regulating mechanism of contracting ratio is compared, and the effective filtration area of the after-filter is greatly extremely Few 50%, because it is possible thereby to reducing the danger of after-filter blocking.
Detailed description of the invention
The utility model is explained in more detail referring to attached drawing below by one embodiment.Herein in the various figures It shows:
Fig. 1 shows the basic structure of the reciprocating piston formula combustion engine with changeable compression ratio, is shown The connecting rod of four cylinder reciprocating-piston machines has and is arranged in switching member below crankshaft, being assigned to respective link by four The row (Bank) that part is constituted,
Fig. 2 shows passing through with sectional view for adjusting the connecting rod of the switching element of compression ratio,
Fig. 3 shows the sectional view across connecting rod low portion,
Fig. 4 shows the details A of Fig. 3,
Fig. 5 shows the perspective view of the lower part half-watt of connecting rod, and
Fig. 6 schematically shows machine oil flow chart.
Specific embodiment
The associated components of combustion engine as shown in figs. 1 and 2, the combustion engine are designed to reciprocating-piston burning Engine 10.Combustion engine 10 includes shell 12, and design has multiple cylinders 14 in the shell, compresses and lives in these cylinders Plug 16 respectively can be guided to way moving.Each compression piston 16 is guided by connecting rod 18, which has song On the crank journal 20 of the crankshaft 22 of axis center axis 24.Crankshaft 22 is rotatably installed in shell 12 in turn.
Connecting rod 18 has the regulating mechanism 26 of fluid pressure type work.The regulating mechanism 26 provides the change of the effective length of connecting rod 18 Change, it is possible thereby to change the compression ratio of combustion engine 10.The unshowned bolt type part of the supporting member of compression piston 16 is prejudicially It is supported in eccentric hoop, the eccentric hoop self-supporting is in connecting rod 18.Angle position by changing eccentric hoop changes connecting rod 18 Action length.In general, the effective length (i.e. action length) for changing connecting rod 18 can be either by changing connecting rod 18 The geometrical length of itself, by change compression height, i.e. by change compression piston 16 relative to connecting rod 18 relative position come It realizes, or is realized by changing crank throw.All these setting possibilities are all can hydraulic realization and thus It is also workable for the utility model.
Switch 28 is accessed into above-mentioned hydraulic circuit, with switching element 30 (switching valve).Switching element 30 can To be preferably implemented as bolt type part 32, it is movably disposed in the receiving channel 34 in connecting rod 18.Switching element 30 can To move back and forth between at least two switching positions, wherein in each of at least two switching position switching position In, correspondingly another lateral position in the two sides 36,38 of connecting rod 18 is prominent for switching element 30, such as this is in Fig. 2 In show.Two switching positions are limited by the first and second stopper sections 40,42 respectively, this for example can be by latch 44 real Existing, as can be seen equally in Fig. 2, which is sunk in the recessed portion 46 of switching element 30.In the two switching positions, Switching element 30 is lived by clamping lock.Corresponding locking device has spring-loaded locking ball 48, and the locking ball is heavy by spring 50 Enter in a card slot in two card slots 52,54 for being assigned to two switching positions of switching element 30.It is furthermore possible to also provide another Outer switching position.
Below crankshaft 22, the row 56 being made of operating element 58 is located in the shell 12 of combustion engine 10, wherein often A operating element 58 is assigned to a connecting rod 18.Each operating element 58 has substantially U-shaped configuration and forms movement Channel 60, the part for being wherein disposed with switching element 30 of connecting rod 18 is mobile when it is mobile around crankshaft 22 to pass through the movement Channel.Two opposed insides of movable passageway 60 are made of two opposed operating surfaces 62,64, the two operating surfaces form switching Profile and have with the plane of motion of connecting rod 18 it is at an acute angle the surface section 66,68 that extends (it forms movable passageway 60 Narrow section 70) and opposed surface section 72,74 (the widening section 76 of its formation movable passageway 60).At 77, show The narrow positions of movable passageway 60.Here, the plane of motion of connecting rod 18 extends perpendicular to crankshaft center axis 24, this is in Fig. 1 In shown at 78.
By means of the driver 79 schematically shown, the row 56 of operating element 58 can especially in the direction of the double-headed arrow 80 And thus linearly move back and forth on the extending direction for being parallel to crankshaft center axis 24.It can propose, instead of institute There is operating element 58 jointly mobile, these operating elements can also be individually moved.Additionally may and it propose, each operation Two operating surfaces 62,64 of element 58 can independently move back and forth.If being not intended to change compression ratio, there is switching element Non-contiguously movement passes through 30 connecting rod 18 between two operating surfaces of operating element 58.If to change compression ratio now, Then operating element 58 is moved since its resting position.It is higher with the ratio of the movement speed of operating element from crankshaft rotation, it cuts The jag for changing element may be more encountered near the minimum range of two operating surfaces on the operating surface of corresponding " effective "." have The operating surface of effect " is correspondingly the following operating surface of operating element 58, and switching element is cut via the operating surface from what is currently occupied Change place is moved to another switching position.Correspondingly, another operating surface can be referred to as engineering noise operating surface.
Fig. 3 is to show the lower link bearing shell of connecting rod 18 in sectional view.In order to support, connecting rod is preferably included according to details A The structure through tightening of two-piece type.By hole unshowned in crankshaft 22, by machine oil be pressed into radially around crank journal It in slot 21 and is thus pressed into the gap between crank journal 20 and bearing shell 94 and is used to lubricate sliding there Bearing.In addition, being disposed with oil-collecting in the low portion (i.e. the part of the separate compression piston 16 of the connecting-rod bearing) of the connecting-rod bearing Region 92.Oil-collecting region 92 and the oil-collecting region are shown to perspectivity to be formed by slot in Fig. 5, which forms radially around ground Into bearing shell 94.Oil-collecting region 92 can be it is only being formed to segmented and herein have especially be formed in piston support Length between the 5% of circumference and 40%.Machine oil can reach in oil-collecting region 92 as a result, and corresponding bearing shell 94 has at least One penetrating part 95.Two this penetrating parts 95 are shown in FIG. 4.It can be guided by this method along the direction of after-filter 90 It machine oil and is guided therefrom to VCR controller.Especially receiving portion, the after-filter quilt can be set for after-filter 90 It is inserted into the receiving portion.Accordingly, Figure 4 and 5 are illustrated such as lower opening, inserted with the after-filter of can-like in the hole 90.Machine oil flows axially through the hole, and at the bottom of after-filter 90 provided by opening filtration is provided.For After-filter 90 is preferably it should be noted that the surface of after-filter is greater than along the next oil feed line of VCR switching direction Effective cross section, to resist the pressure loss improved in fuel feeding.The surface ratio of after-filter 90 is in aided filter Engine oil flow cross section greatly especially at least 30% after device 90, to weaken the danger of the blocking of after-filter 90.Bearing shell can To undertake the function of lockking filter.Slot 92 or the width in oil-collecting region are preferably less than the 20% of link width, and especially Less than the 12% of the width.It therefore ensures that, the support of bearing shell 94 is not reduced excessively.
Fig. 6 is exemplarily illustrated the lubricating oil system with pressures cycle lubrication, as it can be in the motor vehicle.From Machine oil is sucked out by oil pump 81 and especially flows through scalping 89 herein for oil storage region, which only filters out very coarse different Object, these foreign matters are particularly likely to damage oil pump 81.Next, machine oil is preferably delivered into lubricating oil heat exchanger 82.Next, machine Oil reaches oil strainer 83.Oil strainer 83 is fine filter, and being limited by structure type has significant circulation resistance Power.Just circulation volume can be limited to degree due to viscosity and so when lubricant is cold, so that required Part be possible to that enough lubrications cannot be obtained, this may cause badly damaged.In order to avoid this problem, it is parallel to machine oil mistake Filter 83 is connected with overflow valve 84, and when the fuel feeding lateral pressure of oil strainer 83 is excessive, which opens.Thus Receive, at certain operational conditions, i.e., especially in cold start-up, saves filtration and supplied instead of this to key member Lubricating oil is answered to be considered as prior.
It guides from oil strainer outlet side by machine oil to customer.This especially camshaft and crankshaft.There, first Need to lubricate the bearing of the crankshaft in engine shell body.The crankshaft includes hole, and machine oil is directed to pitman shaft by this some holes It holds.There, machine oil is for lubricating described bearing shell 94.In addition, machine oil is directed in cylinder 14 via piston 16 The sliding bearing of piston.In particular, machine oil is guided to after-filter 90 by described penetrating part 95, from the aided filter Device, which comes out, is directed to switching element 30 for machine oil.Switching element 30 depend on its position come supply or one or another Hydraulic cylinder is for setting eccentric position of the piston relative to connecting rod 18.Therefore, the machine oil for VCR setting anyway must After-filter 90 must be passed through.Machine oil is passed out in engine inner chamber from mentioned hydraulic cylinder.
It is different from embodiment described above, alternatively, or additionally after-filter can be arranged in crankshaft Portion.It is supported or fixation can especially be similar to and fix after-filter 90 in connecting rod 18 and implement like that.And another In a embodiment, after-filter can be arranged in engine body.
List of numerals:
10 combustion engines, reciprocating-piston machine
12 shells
14 cylinders
16 compression pistons
18 connecting rods
20 crank journals
21 crank journal slots
22 crankshafts
24 crankshaft center axis
26 regulating mechanisms
28 switch
30 switching elements
32 bolt type parts
34 receiving channels
36,38 sides
40,42 stopper sections
44 latch, protrusion
46 recessed portions, cavity
47 break-through mouths or hole
48 locking balls
50 springs
52,54 card slots
56 rows
58 operating elements
60 movable passageways
62,64 operating surfaces
66,68,72,74 surface sections
76 widen section
The narrow positions of 77 movable passageways
78 plane of motion
79 drivers
80 double-head arrows
81 oil pumps
82 lubricating oil heat exchangers
83 oil strainers
84 overflow valves
89 scalpings
90 after-filters
92 slots, oil-collecting region
94 bearing shells
95 penetrating parts

Claims (12)

1. a kind of reciprocating-piston machine (10) with variable compression ratio, with oil strainer (83), the machine oil mistake After filter is arranged in oil pump (81) along lubricant flow direction,
It is characterized in that, the reciprocating-piston machine (10) has after-filter (90), the after-filter is along lubricant Flow direction is arranged in after the oil strainer (83), enables the lubricant stream for flowing through the after-filter (90) Change the compression ratio for manipulating.
2. reciprocating-piston machine (10) according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the oil strainer (83) with It is provided with branch in oil return line between the after-filter (90), so that the only a part in fluid stream is from the machine oil mistake Filter (83) reaches the after-filter (90).
3. reciprocating-piston machine (10) according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that be parallel to the oil filtration Device (83) is disposed with overflow valve (84), and for the after-filter (90) not set overflow valve.
4. reciprocating-piston machine (10) according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the after-filter (90) It is arranged in the cylinder block of the reciprocating-piston machine (10) or is arranged at cylinder block and/or relative to the reciprocating-piston The cylinder body position of formula machine (10) is fixed.
5. reciprocating-piston machine (10) according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the after-filter (90) It is arranged in the crankshaft (22) of the reciprocating-piston machine (10).
6. reciprocating-piston machine according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in the reciprocating-piston machine (10) after-filter (90) are disposed at least one connecting rod (18).
7. reciprocating-piston machine according to claim 6, which is characterized in that be provided with oil-collecting in the connecting rod (18) Region (92), the oil-collecting region can be via the discontinuities or multiple discontinuities in the bearing shell of the connecting rod (94) It is supplied with the lubricant.
8. reciprocating-piston machine according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in connecting rod (18), when crank connecting link machine When structure is in top dead centre, the connecting-rod bearing at the central area of lower part in the bearing shell (94) of the connecting-rod bearing Not set discontinuities.
9. reciprocating-piston machine according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the after-filter (90) is contained in institute In the receiving portion for stating connecting rod (18), and the bearing shell (94) of the connecting-rod bearing or its at least part are arranged to and make it as stroke Limiter works to prevent the after-filter (90) from removing from described accommodation section.
10. reciprocating-piston machine according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that with from the after-filter (90) Cross-sectional area phase starting, along the flow channel towards the direction of the regulating mechanism (26) for adjusting the compression ratio Than the effective filtration area greatly at least 50% of the after-filter (90).
11. reciprocating-piston machine according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the reciprocating-piston machine (10) It is combustion engine.
12. reciprocating-piston machine according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in the reciprocating-piston machine (10) Whole connecting rods (18) in be disposed with after-filter (90).
CN201822129077.5U 2017-12-20 2018-12-18 Reciprocating-piston machine with variable compression ratio Expired - Fee Related CN209604141U (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017130742.7A DE102017130742A1 (en) 2017-12-20 2017-12-20 Reciprocating engine with variable compression ratio
DE102017130742.7 2017-12-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN209604141U true CN209604141U (en) 2019-11-08

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201822129077.5U Expired - Fee Related CN209604141U (en) 2017-12-20 2018-12-18 Reciprocating-piston machine with variable compression ratio

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DE (2) DE102017130742A1 (en)

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DE102018132650A1 (en) 2019-02-14

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