CN209562810U

CN209562810U - Indoor environmental monitoring system based on loRa

Info

Publication number: CN209562810U
Application number: CN201821922292.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵义
Original assignee: Tianjin Huachun Smart Energy Technology Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Tianjin Huachun Smart Energy Technology Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-11-21
Filing date: 2018-11-21
Publication date: 2019-10-29
Anticipated expiration: 2028-11-21

Abstract

The utility model discloses an indoor environment monitoring system based on loRa, including loRa terminal node, loRa WAN terminal node, network server and basic station; the LoRa terminal node comprises a LoRa unit, a first MCU unit, a first power supply unit and a first sensor unit; the LoRa terminal node and the LoRa WAN terminal node communicate through a LoRa wireless network; the LoRa WAN terminal node is connected with the base station through a LoRa WAN network; the base station is connected with the network server. The utility model discloses can realize detecting and monitoring indoor humiture, CO2, formaldehyde, TVOC volatile gaseous, PM2.5, PM10 and a plurality of parameters of heat energy simultaneously, the loRa WAN unit has the advantage of exempting from flow expense, exempting from the frequency channel expense, exempting from the wiring, exempting from to break the way application, the network deployment is capacious and low cost and flexibility are high.

Description

Indoor environment monitoring system based on LoRa

Technical field

The utility model relates to indoor air chemical pollution technical fields, are based particularly on the indoor environment monitoring system of LoRa.

Background technique

In recent years, with China's rapid development of economy, continuous improvement of people's living standards, all kinds of pollution sources are also continuous Increase, especially manufacturing field, chemical field, the discharges wantonly of all kinds of exhaust gas so that Air Quality worse and worse, air Health of the situation concerning people, the indoor important place as people's daily life, environmental quality increasingly cause people Concern, we know locating Indoor Environmental Condition at urgent need, to improve environment from source as soon as possible, however Status is: by us, how the perception of itself can not know locating environmental aspect, need to be applied to corresponding detection device.

Frequently occurring with haze weather simultaneously, air quality are increasingly paid attention to by people.But people pay close attention to and supervise While surveying Outdoor Air Quality, enough concerns are but lacked to indoor ambient air quality and are paid attention to.According to statistics, the whole world is close The people of half is in room air pollution, and indoor environment problem is just particularly important for us.

With the rise of internet of things concept, wireless sensor network and wireless communication obtain extensively in a big chunk space Application.There are many wireless technologys in Internet of Things application, constitutes local area network or wide area network.Form the wireless technology of local area network Mainly there are Wifi, bluetooth, the Zigbee etc. of 2.4GHz, the wireless technology for forming wide area network mainly has 2G/3G/4G etc..These nothings Line technology has each own disadvantage, suitable for different conditions.In low-power consumption wide area network (Low Power Wide Area Network, LPWAN) generate before, it appears that remote and low-power consumption between the two can only alternative.When using LPWAN technology it Afterwards, designer can accomplish that the two is taken into account, and realize longest distance communication and more low-power consumption to the greatest extent, while can also save volume Outer repeater cost.

Wherein, Zigbee protocol has agreement simple, realizes the requirement for relatively easily meeting low-power consumption and low cost, fits The acquisition of short-distance networking data, the equipment for being very suitable to great amount of terminals network are closed, but uses Zigbee protocol environmental monitoring Come with some shortcomings: point-to-point transmission range is short, and Zigbee transmission range increases, and needs through multi-hop form or uses power Amplifier transmits to reduce hop count to realize at a distance, increases cost；ZigBee technology is held using 2.4G unlicensed band Interference vulnerable to other equipment.And LoRa is one of LPWAN communication technology, is a kind of super long distance based on spread spectrum From wireless transmission scheme；One kind can be provided for user and simply realize remote, long battery life, hicap, in turn Extend sensing network.Wherein, the networking of LoRa unit wireless has long transmission distance, strong antijamming capability, advantage low in energy consumption； LoRa WAN unit, which has, exempts from traffic fee, exempts from frequency range expense, exempts from wiring, the application of the road Mian Po, networking capacity big and low cost and spirit The high advantage of activity.

Therefore, for the previous deficiency for using Zigbee indoor environment monitoring system, propose based on LoRa technology can To realize various environmental parameters in remote transmission indoor environment.

Utility model content

Purpose of the utility model is to solve the above problem, a kind of long transmission distance, at low cost and power consumption are devised The low indoor environment monitoring system based on LoRa.

Realize that above-mentioned purpose the technical solution of the utility model is a kind of indoor environment monitoring system based on LoRa, packet Include LoRa terminal node, LoRa WAN terminal node, network server and base station；

The LoRa terminal node is laid at random is detected indoor corresponding position, for carrying out to indoor environment index It perceives, acquire and be sent to LoRa WAN terminal node, while receiving the acquisition instructions of LoRa WAN terminal node；The LoRa Terminal node includes LoRa unit, the first MCU unit, first power source unit and first sensor unit；The LoRa unit and First sensor unit is connected with the first MCU unit, the first power source unit with LoRa unit, the first MCU unit and First sensor unit is connected, and is powered respectively to each unit；

The LoRa WAN terminal node includes the 2nd MCU unit, second power source unit, second sensor unit and LoRa WAN unit；The second sensor unit and LoRa WAN unit are connected with the 2nd MCU unit, the second power source unit It is connected with the 2nd MCU unit, second sensor unit and LoRa WAN unit, each unit is powered respectively；

The LoRa terminal node and LoRa WAN terminal node are by LoRa wireless communication, by LoRa terminal node The indoor environment achievement data collected is sent to LoRa WAN terminal node；LoRa in the LoRa WAN terminal node WAN unit is connected by LoRa WAN network with base station, and indoor environment data information is sent to base station；The base station and network Server is connected, and indoor environment data information is sent to network server.

Further, the 2nd MCU unit is connected with Beidou unit by serial ports.

Further, the first sensor unit includes Temperature Humidity Sensor, CO2 sensor, formaldehyde sensor, TVOC Volatile gas sensor and PM2.5, PM10 sensor, the first MCU unit pass through I²C and Temperature Humidity Sensor phase Even, the first MCU unit pass through respectively serial ports and CO2 sensor, formaldehyde sensor, TVOC volatile gas sensor and PM2.5, PM10 sensor are connected；The second sensor unit include Temperature Humidity Sensor, CO2 sensor, formaldehyde sensor, TVOC volatile gas sensor and PM2.5, PM10 sensor, the 2nd MCU unit pass through I²C and Temperature Humidity Sensor It is connected, the 2nd MCU unit passes through serial ports and CO2 sensor, formaldehyde sensor, TVOC volatile gas sensor respectively It is connected with PM2.5, PM10 sensor；The model HDC1080 of the Temperature Humidity Sensor.

Further, the LoRa WAN terminal node further includes M-Bus serial ports converting unit and for acquiring Indoor Thermal The calorimeter of energy heat, the M-Bus serial ports converting unit are connected with calorimeter, and the 2nd MCU unit passes through serial ports and M- Bus serial ports converting unit is connected.

Further, star network topology is used between the LoRa WAN terminal node and base station.

Further, the first MCU unit and the 2nd MCU unit are all made of STM32 series monolithic.

Further, the first power source unit and second power source unit are all made of linear voltage regulator, and linear voltage regulator Model LM1117-3-3, the input terminal of the first power source unit and second power source unit is respectively connected with charger, lithium electricity One of pond or battery, and lithium battery or battery are encapsulated in the shell of LoRa terminal node and LoRa WAN terminal node It is interior.

Further, the LoRa WAN terminal node further includes the E that power failure data is not lost²PROM, and E²The type of PROM It number is ATC2402, the 2nd MCU unit passes through I²C and E²PROM is connected；The LoRa WAN terminal node further includes being used for The touch screen of human-computer interaction, the 2nd MCU unit are connected by FSMC interface with touchscreen.

Further, the LoRa unit uses the LoRa radio frequency chip SX1278 of Semtech.

Further, the LoRa unit uses zm470sx unit, and zm470sx unit uses SPI interface and first The connection of MCU unit, antenna are drawn from the ANT pin of zm470sx unit.

Compared with prior art, the utility model has the advantage that is with beneficial effect,

1. the utility model may be implemented to indoor temperature and humidity, CO2, formaldehyde, TVOC volatile gas, PM2.5, PM10 It is detected and is monitored simultaneously with both thermal heat multiple parameters, and there is long transmission distance using the networking of LoRa unit wireless, resisted Strong, the low in energy consumption advantage of interference performance；LoRa WAN unit have exempt from traffic fee, exempt from frequency range expense, exempt from wiring, the road Mian Po application, Networking capacity is big and low cost and the high advantage of flexibility, and in addition LoRa WAN unit not only includes physical layer, has LoRa The wireless networking function of unit, at the same including network layer, have the function of wide area network, it can be by indoor environment data wireless remote transmission To base station.

2. LoRa unit in the utility model has outstanding immunity characteristic, data transmission is more reliable, using forward error correction Technology increases redundancy in data to be transmitted sequence, the wrong symbol injected in data-transfer process receiving end can by and When correct；Channel confliction detection, solves the problems, such as the concurrent packet loss of node data, greatly improves link robustness, reduces previous The demand for creating " selfreparing " data packet to retransmit, and performance is good in the sudden code for solving to be caused by multipath fading misses, Therefore transmission rate is improved, improves transmission range.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the block diagram representation of indoor environment monitoring system of the utility model based on LoRa；

Fig. 2 is that the utility model is shown based on the block diagram of the LoRa WAN terminal node in the indoor environment monitoring system of LoRa It is intended to；

Fig. 3 is that the utility model is illustrated based on the block diagram of the LoRa terminal node in the indoor environment monitoring system of LoRa Figure；

Fig. 4 is the utility model based on the 2nd MCU unit and LoRa radio frequency core in the indoor environment monitoring system of LoRa The circuit diagram of piece SX1278 connection；

Fig. 5 is the utility model based on the 2nd MCU unit and zm470sx unit in the indoor environment monitoring system of LoRa The circuit diagram of connection.

Specific embodiment

The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, carries out the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model Clearly and completely describe, it is clear that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than whole Embodiment.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are without making creative work Every other embodiment obtained, fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

As shown in Figs. 1-5, a kind of indoor environment monitoring system based on LoRa, including LoRa terminal node, LoRa WAN Terminal node, network server and base station；

The LoRa terminal node is laid at random is detected indoor corresponding position, for carrying out to indoor environment index It perceives, acquire and be sent to LoRa WAN terminal node, while receiving the acquisition instructions of LoRa WAN terminal node；The LoRa Terminal node includes LoRa unit, the first MCU unit, first power source unit and first sensor unit；The LoRa unit without Line networking has long transmission distance, strong antijamming capability, advantage low in energy consumption；The LoRa unit and first sensor unit are equal Be connected with the first MCU unit, the first power source unit with LoRa unit, the first MCU unit and first sensor unit phase Even, each unit is powered respectively；The first sensor unit includes Temperature Humidity Sensor, CO2 sensor, formaldehyde sensing Device, TVOC volatile gas sensor and PM2.5, PM10 sensor, the first MCU unit pass through I²C and temperature and humidity pass Sensor is connected, and realizes acquisition testing and monitoring to indoor temperature and humidity, the first MCU unit passes through serial ports respectively and CO2 is passed Sensor, formaldehyde sensor, TVOC volatile gas sensor are connected with PM2.5, PM10 sensor, realize to indoor CO2, first Aldehyde, TVOC volatile gas, PM2.5 and PM10 multiple parameters are acquired detection and monitoring simultaneously；The LoRa terminal section Point further includes reset key, and the reset key is connected with the first MCU Main Processing Unit, for carrying out to the first MCU Main Processing Unit It resets；

The LoRa WAN terminal node includes the 2nd MCU unit, second power source unit, second sensor unit and LoRa WAN unit；LoRa WAN unit have exempt from traffic fee, exempt from frequency range expense, exempt from wiring, the road Mian Po application, networking capacity it is big and low Cost and the high advantage of flexibility, LoRa WAN unit not only includes physical layer, the wireless networking function with LoRa unit, together When include network layer, have the function of wide area network, can be by indoor environment data wireless remote transmission to base station；The second sensor Unit and LoRa WAN unit are connected with the 2nd MCU unit, and the second power source unit is passed with the 2nd MCU unit, second Sensor cell is connected with LoRa WAN unit, is powered respectively to each unit；The second sensor unit includes temperature and humidity Sensor, CO2 sensor, formaldehyde sensor, TVOC volatile gas sensor and PM2.5, PM10 sensor, described second MCU unit passes through I²C is connected with Temperature Humidity Sensor, realizes acquisition testing and monitoring to indoor temperature and humidity, the 2nd MCU Unit passes through serial ports respectively and CO2 sensor, formaldehyde sensor, TVOC volatile gas sensor and PM2.5, PM10 are sensed Device is connected, and realizes and is acquired inspection simultaneously to indoor CO2, formaldehyde, TVOC volatile gas, PM2.5 and PM10 multiple parameters It surveys and monitors；The model HDC1080 of the Temperature Humidity Sensor；The LoRa WAN terminal node further includes M-Bus serial ports Converting unit and calorimeter for both thermal heat in collection room, the M-Bus serial ports converting unit is connected with calorimeter, described 2nd MCU unit is connected by serial ports with M-Bus serial ports converting unit；The LoRa WAN terminal node further includes power failure data The E not lost²PROM, and E²The model ATC2402, E of PROM²PROM is mainly used for storing the IP of the second MCU Main Processing Unit The information such as location, and the performance that do not lost with power failure data；The 2nd MCU unit passes through I²C and E²PROM is connected；It is described LoRa WAN terminal node further includes the touch screen for human-computer interaction, and the 2nd MCU unit passes through FSMC interface and touching film Screen is connected；The touch screen inputs information for operator and shows to various data informations, convenient for operator at this The use of ground terminal；The 2nd MCU unit is connected with Beidou unit by serial ports, has positioning function, may be implemented to LoRa The positioning of WAN terminal node, it will be seen that the location of LoRa WAN terminal node is in which from control of intelligent terminal A cell and floor, can be in conjunction with the faster convenient understanding LoRa WAN terminal section of IP address in LoRa WAN terminal node The locating specific location of point, convenient for searching out corresponding LoRa WAN terminal node and understanding the use of LoRa WAN terminal node State；

The LoRa terminal node and LoRa WAN terminal node are by LoRa wireless communication, by LoRa terminal node The indoor environment achievement data collected is sent to LoRa WAN terminal node；LoRa in the LoRa WAN terminal node WAN unit is connected by LoRa WAN network with base station, and indoor environment data information is sent to base station；The base station and network Server is connected, and indoor environment data information is sent to network server；Wherein LoRa unit has outstanding immunity characteristic, Data transmission is more reliable, using forward error correction technique, increases redundancy in data to be transmitted sequence, infuses in data-transfer process The wrong symbol entered can be by timely correction in receiving end；Channel confliction detection, solves the problems, such as the concurrent packet loss of node data, greatly mentions High link robustness, the demand for reducing previous creation " selfreparing " data packet to retransmit, and solving to be drawn by multipath fading The sudden code of hair shows well in missing, therefore improves transmission rate, improves transmission range and lithium battery or battery longevity Life；The LoRa unit is transparent transmission Working mould using LoRa radio frequency chip SX1278, LoRa the radio frequency chip SX1278 of Semtech Formula, the transmission range with wireless overlength, the accessible transmission of up to 8km；Small product size is small, easy for installation；LoRa radio frequency chip SX1278 belongs to LoRa TM spread-spectrum modulation technique, its remote advantage has benefited from modulation gain, is not by increasing transmission power (that will consume more electric energy).The current drain of LoRa radio frequency chip SX1278 is as follows: suspend mode < 0.2uA, the free time=1.6mA, Reception=12mA emits (maximum power)=120mA；First MCU unit controls LoRa by " interruption+timer expiry " mode Radio frequency chip SX1278 immediately enters suspend mode once radio frequency completion sends or receives；The LoRa unit uses Zm470sx unit, and zm470sx unit is connect using SPI interface with the first MCU unit, ANT of the antenna from zm470sx unit Pin is drawn.

The first MCU unit and the 2nd MCU unit are all made of STM32 series monolithic；The LoRa WAN terminal section Star network topology is used between point and base station；The first power source unit and second power source unit are all made of linear voltage stabilization Device, and the model LM1117-3-3 of linear voltage regulator, by the 5VDC voltage of charger or lithium battery or battery conversion and it is steady It is scheduled on 3.3VDC, with low-power consumption, low drop-off voltage, Low Drift Temperature, exports pressure stabilizing tolerance ± 3% the features such as；Described first Power supply unit and the input terminal of second power source unit are respectively connected with one of charger, lithium battery or battery, and lithium battery Or battery is encapsulated in the shell of LoRa terminal node and LoRa WAN terminal node, wherein charger is by alternating current 220VAC It is converted into 5VDC, lithium battery and battery can directly provide 5V voltage, LoRa WAN terminal node and LoRa terminal node Input terminal is powered by 5VDC, and LoRa unit and LoRa WAN unit are required in 3.3VDC operating at voltages, when alternating current power-off or When person's inconvenience connects alternating current, lithium battery or battery can be directly used, provide convenience for monitoring the practical of system.

Working principle:

LoRa WAN terminal node in the utility model is set using the Class A Terminal Type in LoRa WAN agreement It is standby, specifically: LoRa WAN terminal node uses and reports second sensor unit and LoRa terminal section on demand in ALOHA agreement The indoor environment data information of point acquisition can all closely follow two of short duration downlink reception windows after each uplink, be realized with this Transmitted in both directions, this operation is most power saving.The timing of Class A uplink and downlink is that receiving window RX1 is usually 1 second after uplink Start, receiving window RX2 is started within 2 seconds after uplink.Before the formal sending and receiving data of LoRa WAN terminal node, LoRa WAN is whole LoRa WAN wireless network all must be first added in end node.Specially over the air, OTA mode OTAA.

Specifically: network server is communicated to LoRa WAN terminal node by base station and sends request command, LoRa WAN Terminal node is said the word by LoRa wireless network to LoRa terminal node, and request LoRa terminal node acquires data, and LoRa is whole Acquisition is sent to the first MCU unit by serial ports by the LoRa unit in end node, by the first MCU unit to the first sensing Device unit sends acquisition, and first sensor unit receives instruction and starts acquisition indoor temperature and humidity, CO2, formaldehyde, TVOC can Escaping gas, PM2.5 and the more a environmental data information of PM10, while the indoor environment data information of acquisition is returned to first The indoor environment data information of acquisition is sent to LoRaWAN terminal node by LoRa unit by MCU unit, the first MCU unit, The second sensor unit in LoRaWAN terminal node is by the indoor temperature and humidity of acquisition, CO2, formaldehyde, TVOC volatile simultaneously Gas, PM2.5, PM10 and the multiple environmental data information of both thermal heat are sent to LoRa WAN unit by the 2nd MCU unit, by The indoor environment data information of acquisition is sent to base station, LoRa WAN terminal section by LoRa WAN network by LoRa WAN unit Point was once sampled every N1 minutes, and interval time is adjustable, after data acquisition, transmission, automatically into dormant state, Until next sampling period wakes up；After acquisition, LoRa WAN terminal node is sent out to another LoRa terminal node again Order successively executes；Long-range network server is given by GPRS/3G/4G network transmission by base station, network server is remote The administrative center of journey connection realizes management function abundant by background management system.

While there has been shown and described that the embodiments of the present invention, for the ordinary skill in the art, It is understood that these embodiments can be carried out with a variety of variations in the case where not departing from the principles of the present invention and spirit, repaired Change, replacement and variant, the scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and the equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. a kind of indoor environment monitoring system based on LoRa, which is characterized in that including LoRa terminal node, LoRa WAN terminal Node, network server and base station；

The LoRa terminal node is laid at random is detected indoor corresponding position, for feeling to indoor environment index Know, acquire and be sent to LoRa WAN terminal node, while receiving the acquisition instructions of LoRa WAN terminal node；The LoRa is whole End node includes LoRa unit, the first MCU unit, first power source unit and first sensor unit；The LoRa unit and One sensor unit is connected with the first MCU unit, the first power source unit with LoRa unit, the first MCU unit and One sensor unit is connected, and is powered respectively to each unit；

The LoRa WAN terminal node includes the 2nd MCU unit, second power source unit, second sensor unit and LoRa WAN Unit；The second sensor unit and LoRa WAN unit are connected with the 2nd MCU unit, the second power source unit with 2nd MCU unit, second sensor unit are connected with LoRa WAN unit, are powered respectively to each unit；

The LoRa terminal node and LoRa WAN terminal node are acquired LoRa terminal node by LoRa wireless communication Obtained indoor environment achievement data is sent to LoRa WAN terminal node；LoRa WAN in the LoRa WAN terminal node Unit is connected by LoRa WAN network with base station, and indoor environment data information is sent to base station；The base station and network take Business device is connected, and indoor environment data information is sent to network server.

2. the indoor environment monitoring system according to claim 1 based on LoRa, which is characterized in that the 2nd MCU is mono- Member is connected with Beidou unit by serial ports.

3. the indoor environment monitoring system according to claim 1 based on LoRa, which is characterized in that the first sensor Unit includes Temperature Humidity Sensor, CO2 sensor, formaldehyde sensor, TVOC volatile gas sensor and PM2.5, PM10 Sensor, the first MCU unit pass through I²C is connected with Temperature Humidity Sensor, the first MCU unit pass through respectively serial ports with CO2 sensor, formaldehyde sensor, TVOC volatile gas sensor are connected with PM2.5, PM10 sensor；Described second passes Sensor cell include Temperature Humidity Sensor, CO2 sensor, formaldehyde sensor, TVOC volatile gas sensor and PM2.5, PM10 sensor, the 2nd MCU unit pass through I²C is connected with Temperature Humidity Sensor, and the 2nd MCU unit passes through string respectively Mouth is connected with CO2 sensor, formaldehyde sensor, TVOC volatile gas sensor and PM2.5, PM10 sensor；The temperature The model HDC1080 of humidity sensor.

4. the indoor environment monitoring system according to claim 1 based on LoRa, which is characterized in that the LoRa WAN is whole End node further includes M-Bus serial ports converting unit and the calorimeter for both thermal heat in collection room, the M-Bus serial ports conversion Unit is connected with calorimeter, and the 2nd MCU unit is connected by serial ports with M-Bus serial ports converting unit.

5. the indoor environment monitoring system according to claim 1 based on LoRa, which is characterized in that the LoRa WAN is whole Star network topology is used between end node and base station.

6. the indoor environment monitoring system according to claim 1 based on LoRa, which is characterized in that the first MCU is mono- Member and the 2nd MCU unit are all made of STM32 series monolithic.

7. the indoor environment monitoring system according to claim 1 based on LoRa, which is characterized in that the first power supply list Member and second power source unit are all made of linear voltage regulator, and the model LM1117-3-3 of linear voltage regulator, first power supply Unit and the input terminal of second power source unit are respectively connected with one of charger, lithium battery or battery, and lithium battery or storage Cell package is in the shell of LoRa terminal node and LoRa WAN terminal node.

8. the indoor environment monitoring system according to claim 1 based on LoRa, which is characterized in that the LoRa WAN is whole End node further includes the E that power failure data is not lost²PROM, and E²The model ATC2402 of PROM, the 2nd MCU unit pass through I²C and E²PROM is connected；The LoRa WAN terminal node further includes the touch screen for human-computer interaction, the 2nd MCU unit It is connected by FSMC interface with touchscreen.

9. the indoor environment monitoring system according to claim 1 based on LoRa, which is characterized in that the LoRa unit is adopted With the LoRa radio frequency chip SX1278 of Semtech.

10. the indoor environment monitoring system according to claim 1 based on LoRa, which is characterized in that the LoRa unit Using zm470sx unit, and zm470sx unit is connect using SPI interface with the first MCU unit, and antenna is from zm470sx unit ANT pin is drawn.