CN209513454U - A kind of all-in-one machine suitable for mud stone wetting-drying test and triaxial test - Google Patents
A kind of all-in-one machine suitable for mud stone wetting-drying test and triaxial test Download PDFInfo
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- CN209513454U CN209513454U CN201920082049.4U CN201920082049U CN209513454U CN 209513454 U CN209513454 U CN 209513454U CN 201920082049 U CN201920082049 U CN 201920082049U CN 209513454 U CN209513454 U CN 209513454U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of all-in-one machine suitable for mud stone wetting-drying test and triaxial test, including pedestal, two columns and counter-force heavy wall are fixed on pedestal, it is placed on the inside of counter-force heavy wall in cyclic annular oil pressure capsule and heavy wall and oil pressure sensor is installed, oil pressure capsule is around cylindric mud stone sample, base pressure axis is fixed on pedestal, base pressure axis upper end connects bottom axial direction pressing plate, mud stone sample support is in bottom axial direction pressing plate, mud stone sample upper end is covered by top axial direction pressing plate, top axial direction pressing plate top connects top pressure axis lower end, top pressure axis upper end connects lifting platform, lift platform is on elevator, pressure sensor is installed on the top pressure axis, microscope carrier bottom end is equipped with displacement sensor, electrothermal tube is equipped in baking oven, all-in-one machine further includes penstocks, computer and CT scanner, penstocks access oil pressure capsule and mud stone Sample gap.The utility model can carry out drying and watering cycle disintegration and triaxial test under the conditions of true stress, disclose the mechanical response of mud stone.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to Geotechnical Engineering fields, more particularly to one kind to be suitable for mud stone wetting-drying test and three
The all-in-one machine of shaft experiment.
Background technique
Under the conditions of drying and watering cycle, mud stone typically exhibits the spies such as apparent disintegration in water, corrosion, argillization, dehydration be dry and cracked
Property, easily cause corresponding engineering problem, thus cause the extensive concern of people.Mud stone drying and watering cycle slaking test is studied
More universal, many scholars carried out correlative study both at home and abroad, not only disclosed mud stone disintegration machine from both macro and micro level
Reason, it is also proposed that serial quantizating index is for quantitatively characterizing mud stone mechanism of disintegration and disintegration degree, service engineering practice.At present such
Mud stone is cut into bulk first there are a common feature by the operating method of test, then carry out under no confining pressure
Drying and watering cycle.
However, making a general survey of the red-bed mudstone Slope Failure event of Badong In Three Gorges Reservoir section it can be found that mud stone library bank is subjected to library
Water level cyclical upturn and downturn and be chronically at drying and watering cycle state, disintegration, argillization phenomena such as it is very prominent, due to depositing for initial fissure
It can gradually develop to longitudinal direction in, drying and watering cycle, surface layer argillaceous rocks below be caused also to soften by disintegration, and finally can be
Deep Weak face is formed under gravity and external environment effect to induce reservoir bank landslide.Show the drying and watering cycle process of library bank mud stone
It is not entirely to be carried out under the conditions of no confining pressure.Especially with regard to mud stone reservoir bank landslide from the point of view of, slide strips, slider bed position rock
Body necessarily undergoes periodical drying and watering cycle under the conditions of original crustal stress, and gradually weakens, to constitute reservoir stability
Unique evolutionary process mechanism.Obviously, existing no lateral confinement drying and watering cycle slaking test method has been difficult to meet library bank mud stone
True mechanical condition.
In addition, change of mechanical property of research mud stone during drying and watering cycle be also it is very crucial, can help to comprehensively
Mechanical response of reservoir mud stone bank slope under the conditions of original stress condition and drying and watering cycle is grasped, diaster prevention and control is instructed to work.Mesh
Before for, triaxial test is the reliable and mature test method of study of rocks mechanical characteristic, however this experimental technique
It is same set of test system there is no being organically combined well with mud stone drying and watering cycle sample.
Therefore, insufficient based on above-mentioned two o'clock, the utility model is intended on the basis of realizing the drying and watering cycle of mud stone sample, if
A kind of all-in-one machine suitable for mud stone wetting-drying test and triaxial test is counted out, to make up the deficiency of previous test method.
Utility model content
The utility model provides a kind of all-in-one machine suitable for mud stone wetting-drying test and triaxial test, and the equipment is not
Only the drying and watering cycle condition provided under true stress can be tested for mud stone, can also be achieved the three axis examination of mud stone drying and watering cycle process
It tests.The equipment is equipped with CT scanner simultaneously, can respectively follow to each section progress real time scan of rock sample during drying and watering cycle, record
The disintegration fragmentation situation of rock sample under ring number analyzes sample size grading, rock sample underbead crack can be also detected in triaxial test
Propagation law.In addition, the also mating computer servo control system of the equipment, can pass through regulation hydraulic elevator platform and oil pump
The triaxial pressure and loading speed for being applied to test sample are adjusted in real time, and also capable of emitting instruction regulates and controls water feeding of water pump to computer, adjusts
Economize on electricity heat pipe temperature, and manipulation CT scanner.Economy and the skills such as equipment meets low cost simultaneously, convenient and efficient, and feasibility study is strong
Art requirement.
Realize that technical solution used by the utility model aim is, one kind being suitable for mud stone wetting-drying test and three axis
The all-in-one machine of test, include at least test cylinder, hydraulic lifting system, oil pressure loading system, computer supervisory control system system and
Five parts of frame.The test cylinder is located at frame center, encloses limit by frame base, tubbiness counter-force heavy wall, baking oven cover board,
Its component mainly includes baking oven cover board, axial pressing plate, water fender, electrothermal tube, oil pressure capsule, penstocks, tubbiness counter-force heavy wall.Liquid
Pressure jacking system is mainly made of hydraulic elevator, frequency converter, lifting platform, connecting shaft microscope carrier and pressure axis, wherein pressure axis end
It holds and mutually welds to form an entirety with the axial pressing plate at top, axial pressure can be carried out to sample under the drive of hydraulic elevator.
It is mutually welded in the middle part of pressure axis with baking oven cover board, the counter-force heavy wall of cover board and top platen and avris, which can just enclose limit, becomes baking oven sky
Between.Oil pressure loading system is made of oil pump, oil pressure pipe and oil pressure capsule, and wherein oil pump is carried out mandatory manipulation, oil pressure by computer
Pipe is connected across tubbiness counter-force heavy wall with oil pressure capsule, can be pumped into hydraulic oil toward intracapsular, apply oil pressure.Computer supervisory control system system
It unites and human-computer interaction can be achieved, experimenter can manipulate test process by computer, while be stored by computer
With back-to-back testing monitoring data.The system mainly includes experiment special purpose computer, shaft position sensor, axial compressive force sensing
The components such as device, oil pressure sensor, water pump and CT scanner.Frame is made of pedestal and column, and pedestal is fixed on cement flooring,
Two end-rack have column, and the upper end of the column is equipped with hydraulic elevator.Tubbiness counter-force heavy wall is embedded in pedestal, is equipped with lower shaft in the middle part of pedestal
Microscope carrier, the coupled and axial pressing plate with bottom of lower shaft mutually weld, and can place sample.
The baking oven cover board is disc, and side edge thereof connects by the way that the medial surface of cover board ball and tubbiness counter-force heavy wall is smooth
Touching, cover board middle part and pressure axis middle part are mutually welded, therefore can be moved up and down under the drive of hydraulic elevator along heavy wall medial surface.
The counter-force heavy wall of the axial pressing plate and avris at cover board and top, which can just enclose limit, becomes top baking oven, and cover board bottom surface is laid with electricity
Heat pipe, therefore can heat up to top baking oven, cover board face is also provided with gas vent, is conducive to the moisture outlet for baking drying process.This
Outside, penstocks can be also pierced by out of cover board, be connected with external water pump.
The axial direction pressing plate is divided into the axial pressing plate in top and bottom axial direction pressing plate, wherein the axial pressing plate in top and top are axial
Pressing plate end is mutually welded, therefore can carry out axial pressure to sample under the drive of hydraulic elevator.The axial pressing plate of bottom with
Lower shaft mutually welds, and position remains unchanged, and can enclose limit into lower part baking oven with pedestal, tubbiness counter-force heavy wall.Hold-down plate surface is in the form of annular discs, ruler
Very little identical as baking oven cover board, edge passes through the medial surface smooth contact of pressing plate ball and tubbiness counter-force heavy wall.Hold-down plate surface is greater than circle
The axial plane of column sample, sample axial plane are in contact with hold-down plate surface between two parties, and the part that pressing plate and sample axial plane coincide is provided with evaporation
Hole can make the moisture in sample be evaporated in the drying process, accelerate rate of drying.Except hold-down plate surface is overlapped with sample axial plane
Part it is annular in shape, and contacted with oil pressure capsule, be connected with penstocks in the pressing plate at sample outer ring position, water body can be made to pump
Enter in the gap between oil pressure capsule and sample.
The water fender is in the form of annular discs, is mounted on the pressure axis being connected with pressing plate by lifter, can be grasped by computer
Lifter is controlled, water fender is moved up and down.When water body, which is pumped into, carries out wet sample, top water fender can be moved down, lower part gear
Water plate moves up, to seal the evaporation apertures on pressing plate, anti-water-stop body therefrom overflows.It is taken out when water body and squeezes discharge, carry out samples dried
When, then top water fender is moved up, lower part water fender moves down, to open wide evaporation apertures, moisture is made to be evaporated.
The electrothermal tube is laid in the cover board bottom surface of top baking oven and the base top surface of lower part baking oven, is mainly used for that water is discharged
Later the temperature in baking oven is improved, the rate of drying of wet sample is promoted.The temperature of electrothermal tube can be regulated and controled by computer.
The oil pressure capsule is covered in tubbiness in sample periphery, the medial surface of oil pressure capsule outer ring abutting tubbiness counter-force heavy wall, and with
Oil pressure pipe is connected.Oil pressure pipe passes through counter-force heavy wall, connect with oil pump, therefore, can be pumped into oil pressure by computer operating oil pump
Oil pressure capsule plays the role of applying lateral pressure to cylinder sample.
The penstocks outer end is connected with water pump, and end penetrates the axial pressing plate in top and bottom axial direction pressing plate respectively, and
Against sample outer ring, for water body to be injected to the gap between oil pressure capsule and sample in wet sample link.Wherein, the pressure on top
Power water pipe is also pierced by out of cover board, is connected with external water pump.Since water pump is to carry out SERVO CONTROL by computer,
During injecting water body, it need to guarantee the harmony of oil smoke bag pressure power and water pressure, it is ensured that dynamic equilibrium between the two makes to apply
The lateral pressure for adding to sample keeps stablizing constant.
The tubbiness counter-force heavy wall is rigid, and on the base in tubbiness installation, inner surface is relatively smooth, with baking
Cover plate, pressing plate pass through ball smooth contact.The position that heavy wall is contacted with oil pressure capsule is equidistantly equipped with oil pressure sensor, uses
In the intracapsular oil pressure of real-time monitoring, that is, it is applied to the lateral pressure of sample.Oil pressure pipe and the penstocks of bottom are from heavy wall
Middle outflow, is connected respectively at oil pump with water pump.Heavy wall lower end is provided with base bleed hole, can make the moisture outlet in the baking oven of lower part.
The hydraulic elevator is installed on the column at frame both ends, mainly drives lifting platform under the adjusting of frequency converter
It moves up and down, when filling sample, lifting is so that there is enough space setting-outs, and decline can carry out sample axially loaded when test.And it is complete
Cheng Junke carries out mandatory operation by computer.
The frequency converter is mainly used for controlling the ramp rate and adjustable height of hydraulic elevator, and is directly sent out by computer
Instruction is manipulated out.
The hydraulic lifting rack is on hydraulic elevator, and under the regulation of frequency converter, hydraulic elevator can drive lifting
Platform moves up and down.Lifting platform bottom surface center is welded with connecting shaft microscope carrier, and top axial direction pressing plate is connected with microscope carrier, thus constitutes with lifting platform
One entirety, can move up and down with lifting platform, and axial compressive force is passed to axial pressing plate by pressure axis and is applied to sample
Add xial feed.
The pressure axis is divided into apical axis and lower shaft, wherein the axial pressing plate at apical axis end and top mutually weld to be formed one it is whole
Body can carry out axial pressure to sample under the drive of hydraulic elevator.It is mutually welded in the middle part of apical axis with baking oven cover board, cover board and top
The counter-force heavy wall of portion's pressing plate and avris, which can just enclose limit, becomes oven space.Lower shaft is connected with lower shaft microscope carrier, and the axis with bottom
It is mutually welded to pressing plate, the position of bottom axial direction pressing plate remains unchanged, and limit can be enclosed with pedestal, tubbiness counter-force heavy wall into lower part baking oven.
The oil pump mainly passes through oil pressure pipe oil feed pressure capsule and is pumped into hydraulic oil, plays the work for applying lateral pressure to sample
With.The operation of oil pump is completely controlled by the preset program instruction of computer.One end of oil pressure pipe is ined succession oil pump, and upright of frame is passed through
With tubbiness counter-force heavy wall, the other end is connected into oil pressure capsule.
The computer can be operated by experimenter, and the frequency converter being mainly used on SERVO CONTROL hydraulic elevator is subject to pair
Hydraulic elevator platform carries out elevating control, and then controls the xial feed and loading speed for being applied to sample.Also it can pass through computer
Instruction regulation water feeding of water pump, electrothermal tube temperature, oil pump and manipulation CT scanner etc..Displacement sensor is received simultaneously, pressure passes
Sensor, electrothermal tube, scanner send back the monitoring data come, to facilitate computer stored data and make dependent instruction in time
Each equipment etc. is controlled.
The shaft position sensor is installed on hydraulic lifting motor spindle, and the traveling to monitor pressure axis, which is displaced, (to be tried
Sample axial deformation).Meanwhile displacement sensor can carry out the storage of data, also may be used by monitoring shift value Real-time Feedback to computer
Computer is set to make dependent instruction control press rods loading speed in time.
The axial compressive force sensor is installed on pressure axis, the pressure for being applied to axial pressing plate for monitoring lifting platform
Value.Meanwhile pressure sensor, so as to the storage of data, can also facilitate computer timely by monitor value Real-time Feedback to computer
Make dependent instruction SERVO CONTROL load magnitude.
The oil pressure sensor is equidistantly installed on the position contacted on the inside of counter-force heavy wall with oil pressure capsule, is used for real-time monitoring
Intracapsular oil pressure is applied to the lateral pressure of sample.Monitoring data Real-time Feedback is subjected to data storage to computer simultaneously
It deposits, so that computer is issued instruction and joint manipulation is carried out to oil pressure pump and water pump, realize the SERVO CONTROL of sample lateral pressure.
The water pump mainly carries out instruction by computer and operates.After the completion of sample fills sample, load, computer can be passed through
Water in water pump is pumped into the gap between oil pressure capsule and sample by instruction, for soaking sample.During injecting water body, need
Combine the harmony of oil smoke bag pressure power and water pressure, it is ensured that dynamic equilibrium between the two makes to be applied to the lateral of sample
Pressure remained steady is constant, just needs computer private dress system at this time to oil pump and water pump while carrying out private clothes operation.
The CT scanner is installed on entire test frame facet, carries out operation control by computer, and can be upper and lower
It is mobile, it is thus ensured that each section of sample can be by CT scan.In wetting-drying test and subsequent triaxial test mistake
Cheng Zhong, test whole process is exposed in the scanning range of CT scanner, therefore can guarantee that any moment during the test is equal
CT scan can be carried out to each cross section of sample, and scanning result can be fed back to computer in real time and stored.
The frame is made of pedestal and column, and pedestal is fixed on cement flooring, and two end-rack have column, the upper end of the column peace
Equipped with hydraulic elevator.Tubbiness counter-force heavy wall is embedded in pedestal, is equipped with lower shaft microscope carrier in the middle part of pedestal, lower shaft be connected with microscope carrier and with
The axial pressing plate of bottom mutually welds, and can place sample.Electrothermal tube is laid on seat surface in the baking oven of lower part.
Compared with existing experimental technique, the advantages of rig for testing provided by the utility model, is:
1, the utility model can be such that the overall process of mud stone wetting-drying test carries out under the stress condition for having lateral confinement, more
Add the actual conditions for meeting mud stone library bank engineering.
2, the utility model is equipped with the monitoring devices such as pressure sensor and displacement sensor, therefore, is carrying out drying and watering cycle
Also it can carry out triaxial compression test after test.
3, the utility model is equipped with CT scanner, by computer operating and can move up and down, dry for real time scan mud stone
The disintegration fragmentation situation and degree of wet cyclic process can also record the crack propagation of mud stone and be ruptured in triaxial compression test
Journey.
4, mud stone wetting-drying test, triaxial test, the combination of CT scan technology are well same by the utility model
Test battery system very systematically can carry out careful research to the dynamic mechanical response of mud stone reservoir stability.
5, the baking oven deft design of the utility model is evenly equipped with electrothermal tube and carries out heating in case.And upper baking oven is in oven cover
Gas vent is provided on plate, conducive to the moisture outlet for baking drying process；Lower baking oven is provided with gas vent on counter-force heavy wall, for wet
Gas outlet.
6, the axial pressing plate of the utility model is more unique, and surface is provided with round evaporation apertures, can make the moisture in sample
It is evaporated in the drying process, accelerates rate of drying.And according to Saint Venant's principle it is found that being opened up on pressure plate equally distributed
Evaporation apertures will not influence the uniform stressed situation of sample entirety.
7, the utility model can receive in real time monitoring data and store number equipped with computer private dress system, the system
According to make dependent instruction, the private clothes control of progress to equipment at different levels in time.System be man-machine interactive, controllable water pump into
Water, oil pump oil inlet adjust electrothermal tube temperature in real time, and manipulation CT scanner is scanned and stores information；Reception can be passed through
The monitoring data that displacement sensor is fed back make dependent instruction to the frequency converter of hydraulic elevator in time, realize displacement control
System；By receive pressure sensor feeds back come monitoring data, servo is carried out to xial feed and lateral oil pressure hydraulic pressure in time
Control.Realize the automation of test process.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram suitable for mud stone wetting-drying test and the all-in-one machine of triaxial test of the utility model；
Fig. 2 is a kind of B-B suitable for all-in-one machine Fig. 1 of mud stone wetting-drying test and triaxial test of the utility model
Cross-sectional view；
Fig. 3 is a kind of A-A suitable for all-in-one machine Fig. 1 of mud stone wetting-drying test and triaxial test of the utility model
Cross-sectional view；
Fig. 4 is a kind of C-C suitable for all-in-one machine Fig. 1 of mud stone wetting-drying test and triaxial test of the utility model
Cross-sectional view；
Fig. 5 is a kind of D-D suitable for all-in-one machine Fig. 1 of mud stone wetting-drying test and triaxial test of the utility model
Cross-sectional view；
Fig. 6 be in Fig. 1 on finely scheme to the stress of pressing plate 17 and mud stone sample.
In figure: 1- column, 2- lifting platform, 3- shaft position sensor, 4- frequency converter, 5- penstocks, 6- water pump, 7- lid
Plate ball, 8- axial compressive force sensor, 9- pressing plate ball, 10- oil pressure sensor, 11- oil pressure pipe, 12- hydraulic elevator, 13-
Connecting shaft microscope carrier, the axial pressing plate in the top 14-, 15- baking oven cover board, 16- electrothermal tube, the axial pressing plate in the top 17-, 18- oil pressure capsule, 19-
Computer, 20- tubbiness counter-force heavy wall, 21-CT scanner, 22- pedestal, 23- evaporation apertures, 24- lower shaft microscope carrier, 25- axial force,
26- water fender, 27- mud stone sample, 28- edge belt stress, 29- axial plane stress, 30- lifter, 31- base bleed hole, 32-
Cover board gas vent, 33- oil pump, the bottom 34- axial direction pressing plate, 35- base pressure axis.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is illustrated in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the content of the utility model not office
It is limited to following embodiment.
Ring shear test and preparation of soil sample device provided by the utility model suitable for vertical shearing face, structure such as Fig. 1
It is shown, including five test cylinder, hydraulic lifting system, oil pressure loading system, computer supervisory control system system and frame parts.
The basic framework of the utility model is mainly made of the column 1 of test cylinder, pedestal 22 and frame thereon.Top, hydraulic lifting
Machine 12 is installed on the column 1 at both ends, and for 2 frame of hydraulic elevator platform on hydraulic elevator 12,2 bottom surface of lifting platform center is welded with connecting shaft
Microscope carrier 13, top axial direction pressing plate 14 are connected with microscope carrier 13, thus constitute an entirety with lifting platform 2.In the adjusting of frequency converter 4
Under, lifting platform 2 can be moved up and down along elevator 12, and when filling sample, lifting makes have enough space setting-outs, and decline can lead to when test
Excess pressure axis 14 and axial pressing plate 17 give sample application xial feed.Frequency converter 4 is mainly used for controlling the liter of hydraulic elevator 12
Reduction of speed rate and adjustable height, and directly by 19 mandatory manipulation of computer.Middle part is main test space, cylindrical mud stone sample 27
It is placed centrally on bottom axial direction pressing plate 34, and contact pressurization is carried out by top axial direction pressing plate 17 and 27 upper surface of sample.Top
The middle part of pressing plate 17 mutually welds to form an entirety with 14 end of top axial direction pressing plate, and middle part and the baking oven cover board of apical axis 14 mutually weld
Connect, top is connected with connecting shaft microscope carrier 13, therefore under the drive of hydraulic elevator 12, lifting platform can oscilaltion, and pass through pressure
Axial compressive force is passed to sample by power axis and top platen.Cover board 15, pressing plate (17,34) are in the form of annular discs, and edge passes through
The medial surface smooth contact of ball (7,9) and tubbiness counter-force heavy wall 20, can scroll up and down along heavy wall medial surface.Cover board 15, top
The counter-force heavy wall 20 of pressing plate 17 and avris, which can just enclose limit, becomes top baking oven, and 15 bottom surface of cover board is laid with electrothermal tube 16, therefore
It can heat up to top baking oven.Pressing plate (17,34) face is greater than the axial plane of cylindric sample 27, and sample axial plane connects with hold-down plate surface between two parties
The part that touching, pressing plate and sample axial plane coincide is provided with evaporation apertures 23, and the moisture in sample can be made to evaporate in the drying process
Come, accelerates rate of drying.Part except hold-down plate surface is overlapped with sample axial plane is annular in shape, and contacts with oil pressure capsule 18, against examination
Penstocks 5 are connected in the pressing plate (17,34) at 27 outer ring position of sample, between water body can be made to be pumped between oil pressure capsule 18 and sample 27
Gap.The penstocks 5 on top pass through top baking oven and are pierced by from cover board 15, are connected with external water pump 6；The penstocks of lower part
5 are pierced by by lower part baking oven and from the lower end of counter-force heavy wall 20, are connected with external water pump 6.Lower shaft 35 and 24 phase of lower shaft microscope carrier
Even, and with 34 phase of axial pressing plate of bottom it welds, bottom axial direction pressing plate 34 remains stationary, can be with pedestal 22, tubbiness counter-force heavy wall
20, which enclose limit, is furnished with electrothermal tube 16 at lower part baking oven, and on base top surface and lower shaft microscope carrier, can heat up to lower part baking oven.Water fender 26
It is mounted on the pressure axis being connected with pressing plate (14,35) by lifter 30, can be manipulated and be moved up and down by computer 19.When
When water body is pumped into wet sample, top water fender can be moved down, lower part water fender moves up, to seal the evaporation apertures on pressing plate
23, anti-water-stop body therefrom overflows.It is taken out when water body and squeezes discharge, when carrying out samples dried, then moved up top water fender, lower part water blocking
Plate moves down, to open wide evaporation apertures 23, moisture is made to be evaporated.Oil pressure capsule 18 covers outside 27 periphery of sample, oil pressure capsule in tubbiness
Circle is close to the medial surface of tubbiness counter-force heavy wall 20, and is connected with oil pressure pipe 11, and oil pressure pipe 11 passes through counter-force heavy wall 20, with oil pump 33
Connection, therefore, oil pressure can be pumped into oil pressure capsule 18 by manipulating oil pump by computer 19, played and applied lateral pressure to cylinder sample 27
The effect of power.When inject water body moisten sample when, the harmony of oil smoke bag pressure power and water pressure need to be combined, it is ensured that the two it
Between dynamic equilibrium, make the lateral pressure for being applied to sample holding stablize it is constant.18 periphery of oil pressure capsule is tubbiness counter-force heavy wall 20,
The upper end and baking oven cover board 15 and top platen 17 constitute top baking oven；Lower end and pedestal 22 and bottom platen 34 surround bottom baking
Case, and base bleed hole 31 is provided with for moisture outlet；The position that middle-end is contacted with oil pressure capsule 18 is equidistantly equipped with oil pressure sensing
Device 10 is applied to the lateral pressure of sample for real-time monitoring.In addition, shaft position sensor 3 is installed on hydraulic elevator 12
Bottom, the traveling to monitor pressure axis are displaced, i.e. sample axial deformation；Under axial compressive force sensor 8 is installed in apical axis 14
End, the pressure value for being applied to axial pressing plate 17 for monitoring lifting platform 2.Lower part, pedestal 22 are fixed on cement flooring, and two end-rack
There is column 1, tubbiness counter-force heavy wall 20 is embedded in pedestal 22, is equipped with lower shaft microscope carrier 24 in the middle part of pedestal, lower shaft 35 is connected with microscope carrier 24
And welded with 34 phase of axial pressing plate of bottom, sample can be placed.Electrothermal tube 16 is laid on seat surface in the baking oven of lower part.Side
For CT scanner 21, operation control is carried out by computer 19, and can move up and down, it is thus ensured that each section of sample is equal
Computer 19 can be also fed back to by real time scan, scan data to be stored.
Attached drawing 2 is the BB direction view of Fig. 1, the main presentation structure of axial pressing plate (17,34).As seen from the figure, pressing plate
(17,34) dress in the form of annular discs, and hit exactly and mutually welded with pressure axis (14,35), constitute an entirety.Pressing plate is mutually be overlapped with sample axial plane
The part of conjunction is provided with several 23 evaporation apertures, and the moisture in sample can be made to be evaporated in the drying process, accelerates rate of drying.And
According to Saint Venant's principle it is found that opening up equally distributed evaporation apertures on pressure plate will not influence the uniform stressed shape of sample entirety
Condition.Penstocks 5 are connected in the pressing plate (17,34) of 23 outer ring of evaporation apertures, water body can be made to be pumped into oil pressure capsule 18 and sample 27
Between gap.Platen edge passes through the medial surface smooth contact of pressing plate ball 9 and tubbiness counter-force heavy wall 20, while visible connection
The oil pressure pipe 11 of oil pressure capsule 18 is pierced by from counter-force heavy wall 20.
Attached drawing 3 is the AA direction view of Fig. 1, more fully illustrates the surface texture of baking oven cover board 15.As seen from the figure, cover board
15 be disc, and edge passes through the medial surface smooth contact of cover board ball 7 and tubbiness counter-force heavy wall 20, center and apical axis 14
It mutually welds, therefore can be moved up and down under the drive of hydraulic elevator 12 along heavy wall medial surface.Cover board centre circle is provided with gas vent 32,
Be conducive to bake the moisture outlet of drying process.Penstocks 5 are also pierced by out of cover board, are connected with external water pump.In addition,
It can be seen that oil pressure sensor 10 is laid in a ring on the inside of counter-force heavy wall, for the oil pressure in real-time monitoring capsule 18；And also visible oil
Pressure pipe 11 is pierced by from counter-force heavy wall 20.
Attached drawing 4 is the CC direction view of Fig. 1, main presentation column 1, hydraulic elevator 12, lifting platform 2 and connecting shaft microscope carrier
13 correlation.As seen from the figure, hydraulic elevator 12 is mounted on column 1, and 2 frame of lifting platform is on hydraulic elevator 12,
And 2 bottom surface of lifting platform center is welded with connecting shaft microscope carrier 13, thus connecting shaft microscope carrier 13 can be with lifting platform 2 along hydraulic elevator 12
It moves up and down.
Attached drawing 5 is the DD direction view of Fig. 1, the main presentation bottom surface structure of lower part baking oven.As seen from the figure, bottom surface just by
22 top surface of pedestal and the cross section of counter-force heavy wall 20 are constituted.It can be seen that the center of pedestal 22 is equipped with lower shaft microscope carrier 24, microscope carrier 24 with
It is laid with electrothermal tube 16 in ring shape on seat surface between heavy wall 20, to heat to lower part baking oven.
Attached drawing 6 is finely schemed for the stress of axial pressing plate 17 and sample.As seen from the figure, lifting platform 2 is passed to by apical axis 14
The resultant force of axial pressing plate 17 is F, and the annular surface except the coincidence of hold-down plate surface and sample axial plane is contacted with oil pressure capsule 18, therefore will be by
The counter-force applied to oil pressure capsule, and be in the distribution form of uniform stress, it is q1, anchor ring width is L1.Therefore actually applied to examination
The distributed stress of sample axial plane is q2, and axial plane diameter is L2.According to stress balance, can be obtained
Wherein, q1 is oil pressure (or the hydraulic pressure in capsule and sample gap, because of private clothes control oil pressure and hydraulic pressure phase in oil pressure capsule 18
Deng, it is ensured that sample lateral pressure is constant) because intracapsular oil pressure is equal everywhere, q1 is also applied to the lateral of sample side
Stress.Obviously, first it can determine that apical axis needs to transmit by preset sample lateral compression q1 and axial plane compression q2 before test
To the resultant force F of axial pressing plate 17, the target value is then set by computer 19 and is tested.In figure also visible water fender 26,
The components such as lifter 30, penstocks 5.
The basic mistake for carrying out wetting-drying test is equipped using mud stone drying and watering cycle slaking test provided by the utility model
Journey is as follows:
One, sample preparation and dress sample
Before this step, first lifting platform is lifted so that there are enough space setting-outs by hydraulic elevator.According to test
Size as defined in equipping cuts mud stone, makes that cylindrical mud stone sample is made.Sample is placed centrally on the axial direction pressing plate of bottom,
Then it is displaced by computer selection target, and manipulates frequency converter, select rate control, decline lifting platform along hydraulic elevator,
Related top platen is slowly close to the top axial plane of sample, when pressure plate will be close to sample axial plane, then further selection
Displacement of targets, control frequency converter slows down pressure plate travel speed, and moment observation axial compressive force sensor feedback is to computer
Monitoring data.When pressure monitoring value is more than zero, illustrates that the axial pressing plate in top is in contact with sample axial plane, pass through meter at this time
Calculation machine, which issues instruction stopping lifting platform, to be continued to decline, and remains stationary axial pressing plate.
Two, sample loads
After the completion of step 1, scheduled load is selected, mandatory manipulation is carried out to hydraulic elevator by computer, is used
It is axially loaded that Stress Control mode carries out the axial pressing plate in top to sample, and by axial compressive force sensor real-time monitoring and feeds back
Xial feed, until the monitoring numerical value long-time stable that pressure sensor feeds back to computer is specified pressure value F.Meanwhile
Oil pump can be opened by computer instruction, oil body is pumped into oil pressure capsule, and the oil pressure intracapsular by oil pressure sensor real-time monitoring, that is, is applied
Add to the lateral stress of sample, monitoring data can Real-time Feedback to computer, when monitor value is preset value q1 and maintains for a long time
It is constant, it can stop continuing pump oil.So far, the axially loaded and lateral load of sample is completed, and realizes false triaxial stress
Condition.
Three, wetting-drying test and CT scan
After the completion of step 2, can by filling the water, squeeze draining, drying, CT scan and etc. carry out wetting-drying test.But
It is that mud stone sample need to be measured first with utility model device needed for water body complete wetting before the test formally starts
Standard duration (being denoted as T1), and required standard duration (being denoted as T2) is completely dried by wet sample at a certain temperature.Then
Reference standard duration, formally starts wetting-drying test.During injecting water body, oil smoke bag pressure power and water need to be combined
The harmony of pressure, had both ensured dynamic equilibrium between the two, and water body is enable to be pumped between oil pressure capsule and sample again
Gap is for soaking sample.It just needs computer private to take control system at this time to oil pump and water pump while to carry out private clothes simultaneously and grasp
Make, make there are enough water bodys to be pumped into, and it is constant to guarantee that this is applied to the lateral compression kept stable of sample in the process.
It is more than T1 when infiltrating duration, then need to coordinates the operation of oil pump and water pump by computer again, is keeping the lateral compression base of sample
Water body is gradually squeezed into back water pump while this holding is stablized, electrothermal tube can be transferred to assigned temperature after emptying, by upper
Lower baking oven to wet sample carry out for when T2 drying.After drying, CT scanner can be opened, under computer operating can on move down
It is dynamic, it is stored up it is thus ensured that each cross section of sample can also feed back to computer by real time scan, scan data
It deposits, and pieces together and to form three-dimensional mud stone sample disintegration crack growth figure, for disclosing mechanism of disintegration, and statistical analysis is facilitated to collapse
Solve grain composition.It repeats above-mentioned water filling, squeeze draining, drying, CT scan, can carry out drying and watering cycle disintegration examination to mud stone
Test research.
Four, triaxial test and CT scan
It, can also be in the same set of examination of the utility model for the research needs for meeting mud stone mechanical characteristic under the conditions of drying and watering cycle
Test and carry out Study on Triaxial Tests of mud stone during drying and watering cycle in equipment system, and equally can the utility model device into
Row.It i.e. after each drying and watering cycle, maintains sample lateral load constant, frequency converter, selection is adjusted by computer instruction
Suitable rate makes lifting platform uniform descent, continue to carry out sample it is axially loaded, until sample destroys completely.Triaxial test mistake
Cheng Zhong records axial compressive force, axial displacement, lateral strain by pressure sensor and displacement sensor in real time, the data such as side pressure, instead
Computer of feeding can form the pressure-deformation curve during triaxial test, reflect the mechanical property of sample.By to not
Triaxial test is carried out with the mud stone sample under drying moistening cycle, drying and watering cycle condition can be studied for the shadow of mud stone mechanical property
It rings.
During triaxial test, also using each cross section of CT scan technology real time scan sample in compressive deformation
Crack propagation law and broken situation in journey, from Micromechanics layer viewpoint mud stone sample in drying and watering cycle disintegrating procedue
Triaxial compressions macro-mechanical characters.
Herein, the nouns of locality such as related front, rear, top, and bottom are to be located in figure with components in attached drawing and zero
Part mutual position defines, only for the purpose of expressing the technical solution clearly and conveniently.It should be appreciated that the noun of locality
Use should not limit the claimed range of the application.
In the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiment and embodiment herein-above set forth can be combined with each other.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the utility model, all practical at this
Within novel spirit and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in the guarantor of the utility model
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of all-in-one machine suitable for mud stone wetting-drying test and triaxial test, it is characterised in that: vertical including pedestal and two
Column, two columns are fixed on the pedestal, are fixed with the counter-force heavy wall of tubular, institute between two columns on the pedestal
It states and places cyclic annular oil pressure capsule and gap between the two installation oil pressure sensor in counter-force heavy wall, the oil pressure cuff is in cylindric mud
Rock sample periphery and the abutting counter-force heavy wall inner wall, oil pressure capsule connection oil pressure pipe one end, the oil pressure pipe other end are worn
The counter-force heavy wall and connection oil pump are crossed, fixes base pressure axis on the pedestal, base pressure axis upper end connects bottom
Axial pressing plate, mud stone sample lower end are supported in the bottom axial direction pressing plate, and mud stone sample upper end is axially pressed by top
Plate covering, the top axial direction pressing plate top connect top pressure axis lower end, and top pressure axis upper end connects hydraulic lifting
Machine, the hydraulic elevator are fixed on two columns, are equipped with axial compressive force sensor and axis on the top pressure axis
To displacement sensor, electrothermal tube is equipped in the counter-force heavy wall, the all-in-one machine further includes penstocks, CT scanner and calculating
Gap between the oil pressure capsule inner wall and mud stone sample is accessed in machine, described penstocks one end, and the other end connects water pump, the CT
Scanner is set to counter-force heavy wall side and is separately connected the oil pressure for scanning mud stone specimen cross section, the computer and passes
Sensor, the axial compressive force pass sensor, the shaft position sensor, the oil pump, the water pump and CT scanner, described
Computer is obtained scanning information and pieced together by the CT scanner forms mud stone sample disintegration crack growth figure.
2. a kind of all-in-one machine suitable for mud stone wetting-drying test and triaxial test as described in claim 1, feature exist
In: the hydraulic elevator connects frequency converter, and the frequency converter connects and is controlled by the computer.
3. a kind of all-in-one machine suitable for mud stone wetting-drying test and triaxial test as described in claim 1, feature exist
In: base pressure axis side is fixed with a lifter on the pedestal, and the lifter upper end connects a water fender and institute
Base pressure axis is stated across the water fender, the lifter drives the water fender to move up and down along the base pressure axis, should
Water fender blocks the oil pressure capsule lower port.
4. a kind of all-in-one machine suitable for mud stone wetting-drying test and triaxial test as claimed in claim 3, feature exist
In: the hydraulic elevator lower part connects connecting shaft microscope carrier, and connecting shaft microscope carrier lower part connects the top pressure axis, the top
Pressure axis sequentially passes through downwards baking oven cover board and another water fender, and baking oven cover board is fixedly connected with the top pressure axis, institute
It states top pressure axis side on connecting shaft microscope carrier and is fixed with another lifter, which connects the water fender, the liter
Drop device drives the water fender to move up and down along the base pressure axis, how to there is gas vent, the baking oven on the baking oven cover board
Cover board blocks the counter-force heavy wall upper port, which blocks the oil pressure capsule upper port.
5. a kind of all-in-one machine suitable for mud stone wetting-drying test and triaxial test as claimed in claim 4, feature exist
In: the electrothermal tube includes upper electrothermal tube and lower electrothermal tube, and the upper electrothermal tube is fixed on baking oven cover board lower surface, described
Lower electrothermal tube is fixed on the pedestal upper surface in the counter-force heavy wall.
6. a kind of all-in-one machine suitable for mud stone wetting-drying test and triaxial test as claimed in claim 4, feature exist
In: the baking oven deck side edge is equipped with cover board ball, the side edge of the top axial direction pressing plate and the bottom axial direction pressing plate
It is equipped with pressing plate ball.
7. a kind of all-in-one machine suitable for mud stone wetting-drying test and triaxial test as described in claim 1, feature exist
In: the top axial direction pressing plate and the bottom axial direction pressing plate are equipped with several equally distributed evaporation apertures of annular.
8. a kind of all-in-one machine suitable for mud stone wetting-drying test and triaxial test as described in claim 1, feature exist
In: the penstocks are divided into upper penstocks and lower penstocks, and the upper penstocks access on the oil pressure capsule inner wall
Gap between end and mud stone sample, gap between the lower penstocks access oil pressure capsule inner wall lower end and mud stone sample.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810603030 | 2018-06-12 | ||
| CN201810603030X | 2018-06-12 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113758791A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-12-07 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for determining mechanical parameters of rock |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113758791A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-12-07 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for determining mechanical parameters of rock |
| CN113758791B (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2023-05-05 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for determining mechanical parameters of rock |
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