CN209448489U - A kind of electric car charger automatically powered off - Google Patents

A kind of electric car charger automatically powered off Download PDF

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Publication number
CN209448489U
CN209448489U CN201920083802.1U CN201920083802U CN209448489U CN 209448489 U CN209448489 U CN 209448489U CN 201920083802 U CN201920083802 U CN 201920083802U CN 209448489 U CN209448489 U CN 209448489U
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
resistance
connect
circuit
microcontroller
output
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201920083802.1U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张訢炜
郭政达
朱成琨
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Xian University of Science and Technology
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Xian University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN201920083802.1U priority Critical patent/CN209448489U/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14Plug-in electric vehicles

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  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of electric car charger automatically powered off, including sequentially connected charging circuit, current sampling circuit, microcontroller and thyristor control circuit, the charging circuit is the basic circuit of electric car charger, the current sampling circuit realizes the circle collection to charging circuit direct-flow output signal, the microcontroller is STM32F407 microcontroller, the microcontroller is as the main control chip for realizing automatic circuit break function, A/D translation interface receives the trigger signal of current sampling circuit output, realize the conversion of trigger signal to switching signal, the thyristor control circuit is connect with charging circuit, the thyristor control circuit receives the switching signal of I/O mouthfuls of microcontroller output, then cut off 220V exchange input.The utility model is designed reasonably, structure is simple, is transformed to the original charging circuit of electric car charger, automatically powers off after realization is fully charged, prevents from overcharging, and protects battery, reduces security risk.

Description

A kind of electric car charger automatically powered off
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of electric car chargers, and in particular to a kind of to realize the electric vehicle charging automatically powered off Device.
Background technique
Energy Research Institute, National Development and Reform Committee deputy director Wang Zhongying is indicated in " 2018 cleaning heating summit ", pushes China's energy Source transition and Energy restructuring, cannot only stand and consider in the resource view of today, but to solve " with the energy of tomorrow " Certainly the problem of today, the economical energy resources ecosystem of energy coordinated development, cycle development is realized in building.He indicate, following China The economical energy resources ecosystem has four aspect features: first is that the clean energy resource revolution of field of traffic, it is contemplated that electronic to the year two thousand fifty China Vehicle ownership reaches 400,000,000, and terminal electrification ratio reaches 60%;Second is that using Green Development as the production of energy revolution of intension, Green electric power supply supply based on wind-powered electricity generation, photoelectricity is the inevitable path for realizing production of energy and consumption revolution;Third is that whole system Using electric power as core, the energy is totally supplied 60% or more is accounted for, wind-powered electricity generation and photoelectricity are as main force's power supply;Fourth is that fossil energy is clear It is clean using as the ancillary measure of production of energy and consumption revolution.Present China has become Moped Scooter big country in recent years, and And it expects the year two thousand fifty China's electric vehicle ownership and reaches 400,000,000, but as the increase of electric vehicle quantity is relevant to electric vehicle Fire incident also takes place frequently, and causes a tremendous loss of lives.A large amount of cases show that electric vehicle fire majority occurs during the charging process, main It wants the reason is that the short circuit of electric vehicle itself electric wiring, charger circuit overload, charging battery of electric vehicle overlong time.Electric vehicle Charger is in storage battery charging process, and before people do not pull out attaching plug, storage battery is electrically charged always, for this purpose, can frequently result in The phenomenon of the overcharge of storage battery or charge less electricity occurs.The service life of storage battery and the charging method of storage battery are closely related, and storage battery is every The secondary charging time take around 5-8h (according to storage battery power consumption it is not etc. different), (charging after charger charging complete Device indicator light shows green light) it recharges 1-3h and must just pull up light source of charger, otherwise storage battery can be damaged if things go on like this The performance of storage battery will be greatly reduced.Either night still during work, people's reason difficult to realize to charge power supply Want to control.
Utility model content
The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is in view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, provide a kind of realize certainly The electric car charger of dynamic circuit breaker electricity, the charger construction is simple, and design is rationally, low in cost, is able to achieve electric car charger and fills It completely automatically powers off, and can control the charging time, effectively solve to forget to charge or the phenomenon that battery overcharge.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is: it is a kind of realize automatically power off it is electronic Vehicle charger, which is characterized in that described to fill including charging circuit, current sampling circuit, microcontroller and thyristor control circuit Circuit is the basic circuit of electric car charger, and the input terminal of the current sampling circuit and the output end of charging circuit pass through Conducting wire connection, the trigger signal output end of the current sampling circuit and the A/D translation interface of microcontroller are connected by conducting wire, The I/O delivery outlet of the microcontroller and the input terminal of thyristor control circuit are connected by conducting wire, the thyristor control electricity The output end on road is connect with charging circuit by conducting wire.
Preferably, the charging circuit realizes that 220V exchange is input to direct current output, and direct current output is battery rated value.
Preferably, the current sampling circuit resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3, resistance R4, resistance R5, resistance R6, operation One end ground connection of amplifier U1, operational amplifier U2, diode D1, diode D2 and capacitor C1, the resistance R1, resistance R1's The other end is connect with operational amplifier U1 inverting input terminal, and one end of the resistance R2 and the input terminal of current sampling circuit connect It connects, the other end of resistance R2 is connect with the non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier U1, one end ground connection of the resistance R3, resistance R3's The other end is connect with the non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier U1, one end ground connection of the resistance R4, the other end and fortune of resistance R4 The inverting input terminal connection of amplifier U1 is calculated, one end of the resistance R5 is connect with the output end of operational amplifier U1, resistance R5 The other end connect with the non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier U2, the output end of one end of the resistance R6 and operational amplifier U2 Connection, the other end of resistance R6 are connect with the anode of diode D1, the cathode connection+3.3V DC voltage of diode D1, capacitor C1 is in parallel with diode D2, the plus earth of diode D2, and the cathode of diode D2 connect and connects with the anode of diode D1 To the output end of current sampling circuit.DC current signal is converted DC voltage letter by the front end resistance of current sampling circuit Number, two operations make voltage follower to amplifier respectively, and the sample circuit constituted with sampling resistor matches, two diodes Form clamp circuit, install filter capacitor additional, guarantee the input voltage signal of input microcontroller A/D sampling end be maintained at 0~ Within 3.3V, prevent microcontroller from burning, the current sampling circuit realization follows a certain range of direct-flow output signal Ring acquisition when collecting continuous low current signal, exports trigger signal, when collecting continuous high current signal, does not export triggering Signal.
Preferably, the microcontroller selects STM32F407 microcontroller, and STM32F407 microcontroller is to realize automatically The main control chip of power down function, the A/D translation interface of the STM32F407 microcontroller receive the touching of current sampling circuit output It signals, realizes that analog quantity (trigger signal) arrives the conversion of digital quantity (switching signal), the inside of STM32F407 microcontroller is fixed When/counter realization delay, after one section of delay, the I/O mouth output switching signal (high level) of STM32F407 microcontroller is extremely Thyristor control circuit, the delay duration before the I/O mouth output switching signal of the STM32F407 microcontroller can be according to difference Type cell setting, can be realized by the programming to microcontroller.
Preferably, the thyristor control circuit include phase inverter A, photoelectrical coupler B, bidirectional thyristor VT, resistance R7, Resistance R8, resistance R9 and capacitor C2, the output end of thyristor control circuit includes the first output end and second output terminal, described anti- The input terminal of phase device A and the input terminal of thyristor control circuit connect, the output end and the hair in photoelectrical coupler B of phase inverter A Photosensitive three in the anode connection of optical diode D3, the cathode ground connection of light emitting diode D3, one end of resistance R7 and photoelectrical coupler B The collector of pole pipe V connects, and the other end of resistance R7 is connect with the first output end, in one end of resistance R8 and photoelectrical coupler B The emitter of phototriode V connects, and the other end of resistance R8 is connect with second output terminal, the main electricity of the first of bidirectional thyristor VT Pole is connect with the first output end, and the second main electrode of bidirectional thyristor VT is connect with second output terminal, the control of bidirectional thyristor VT Pole processed is connect with the emitter of phototriode V in photoelectrical coupler B, one end of resistance R9 and the first master of bidirectional thyristor VT The other end of electrode connection, resistance R9 is connect by capacitor C2 with the second main electrode of bidirectional thyristor VT, first output End and second output terminal are connect with charging circuit.The switching signal that phase inverter exports I/O mouthfuls of microcontroller negates operation, light The conducting of electric coupler is controlled by negated switching signal, bidirectional thyristor by photoelectrical coupler electrode voltage triggering from And the switch as charging circuit uses, capacitor charge and discharge plays delay protection, and the thyristor control circuit realizes cutting The function of charging circuit, thyristor control circuit receive the high level switching signal of I/O mouthfuls of microcontroller output, then cut off 220V exchange input is allowed to be not involved in the electric energy conversion in charging circuit, realizes the automatic disconnection of charging circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:
1, the utility model structure is simple, and structure is simple, and design is rationally, low in cost, is able to achieve electric car charger and fills It completely automatically powers off, prevents from overcharging, protect battery, reduce security risk, simple installation can be applicable.
2, the STM32F407 microcontroller that the utility model uses has that low in energy consumption, performance is high, strong real-time, at low cost The advantages of.
3, the utility model uses thyristor control circuit, and thyristor control circuit switch motion is rapid, the contactless, service life It grows, without electric arc, noiseless.
4, the current sampling circuit of the utility model setting is able to achieve the circulation to a certain range of direct-flow output signal Acquisition when collecting continuous low current signal, exports trigger signal, when collecting continuous high current signal, does not export triggering letter Number, trigger signal can be exported in time by being quick on the draw.
The utility model is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the circuit frame figure of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the current sampling circuit in the utility model.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of the thyristor control circuit in the utility model.
Description of symbols:
1-charging circuit;2-current sampling circuits;3-microcontrollers;
4-thyristor control circuits.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model includes charging circuit 1, current sampling circuit 2, microcontroller 3 and thyristor control Circuit 4, the charging circuit 1 are the basic circuit of electric car charger, the input terminal and charging electricity of the current sampling circuit 2 The output end on road 1 is connected by conducting wire, and the trigger signal output end of the current sampling circuit 2 and the A/D of microcontroller 3 are converted Interface is connected by conducting wire, and the I/O delivery outlet of the microcontroller 3 and the input terminal of thyristor control circuit 4 are connected by conducting wire It connects, the output end of the thyristor control circuit 4 is connect with charging circuit 1 by conducting wire.
In the present embodiment, the charging circuit 1 realizes that 220V exchange is input to direct current output, and direct current output is that battery is specified Value.
As shown in Fig. 2, the current sampling circuit 2 includes resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3, resistance R4, resistance R5, electricity Hinder R6, operational amplifier U1, operational amplifier U2, diode D1, diode D2 and capacitor C1, a termination of the resistance R1 The other end on ground, resistance R1 is connect with the inverting input terminal of operational amplifier U1, one end of the resistance R2 and current sample electricity The input terminal on road connects, and the other end of resistance R2 is connect with the non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier U1, one end of the resistance R3 Ground connection, the other end of resistance R3 are connect with operational amplifier U1 non-inverting input terminal, one end ground connection of the resistance R4, resistance R4's The other end is connect with the inverting input terminal of operational amplifier U1, and one end of the resistance R5 and the output end of operational amplifier U1 connect It connects, the other end of resistance R5 is connect with the non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier U2, one end of the resistance R6 and operational amplifier The output end of U2 connects, and the other end of resistance R6 is connect with the anode of diode D1, the cathode connection+3.3V direct current of diode D1 Voltage, capacitor C1 is in parallel with diode D2, the plus earth of diode D2, and the cathode of diode D2 and the anode of diode D1 connect The output end of current sampling circuit 2 is connect and is connected to, the front end resistance in current sampling circuit 2 converts DC current signal to D. c. voltage signal, two operations make voltage follower to amplifier respectively, and the sample circuit constituted with sampling resistor matches, Two diodes form clamp circuit, install filter capacitor additional, guarantee that the input voltage signal of input microcontroller A/D sampling end is protected It holds within 0~3.3V, prevents microcontroller from burning, the current sampling circuit 2 is realized to a certain range of direct current output The circle collection of signal when collecting continuous low current signal, exports trigger signal, when collecting continuous high current signal, no Export trigger signal.
In the present embodiment, the microcontroller 3 selects STM32F407 microcontroller 3, and STM32F407 microcontroller 3 is real The A/D translation interface of the main control chip of existing automatic circuit break function, the STM32F407 microcontroller 3 receives current sampling circuit 2 The trigger signal of output realizes that analog quantity (trigger signal) arrives the conversion of digital quantity (switching signal), STM32F407 microcontroller 3 internal timing/counter realizes delay, after one section of delay, the I/O mouth output switching signal of STM32F407 microcontroller 3 (high level) to thyristor control circuit 4, when delay before the I/O mouth output switching signal of the STM32F407 microcontroller 3 Length can be arranged according to different type battery, can be realized by the programming to microcontroller 3.
As shown in figure 3, the thyristor control circuit 4 includes phase inverter A, photoelectrical coupler B, bidirectional thyristor VT, electricity R7, resistance R8, resistance R9 and capacitor C2 are hindered, the output end of thyristor control circuit 4 includes the first output end and second output terminal, The input terminal of the phase inverter A and the input terminal of thyristor control circuit connect, the output end and photoelectrical coupler B of phase inverter A In light emitting diode D3 anode connection, the cathode ground connection of light emitting diode D3, in one end of resistance R7 and photoelectrical coupler B The collector of phototriode V connects, and the other end of resistance R7 is connect with the first output end, one end of resistance R8 and photoelectric coupling The emitter connection of phototriode V in device B, the other end of resistance R8 connect with second output terminal, and the of bidirectional thyristor VT One main electrode is connect with the first output end, and the second main electrode of bidirectional thyristor VT is connect with second output terminal, bidirectional thyristor The control electrode of VT is connect with the emitter of phototriode V in photoelectrical coupler B, and one end of resistance R9 is with bidirectional thyristor VT's The connection of first main electrode, the other end of resistance R9 are connect by capacitor C2 with the second main electrode of bidirectional thyristor VT, and described the One output end and second output terminal are connect with charging circuit, and the phase inverter in thyristor control circuit 4 is defeated to I/O mouthfuls of microcontroller Switching signal out negates operation, and the conducting of photoelectrical coupler is controlled by negated switching signal, and bidirectional thyristor is by light So that the switch as charging circuit 1 uses, capacitor charge and discharge plays delay protection for electrode voltage triggering in electric coupler, The thyristor control circuit 4 realizes the function of cutting charging circuit 1, and thyristor control circuit 4 receives microcontroller 3I/O The high level switching signal of mouth output then cuts off 220V exchange input, is allowed to be not involved in the electric energy conversion in charging circuit, realization The automatic disconnection of charging circuit 1.
A kind of course of work for realizing the electric car charger automatically powered off provided by the utility model are as follows: charge normal When, 220V exchange inputs charged circuit 1 and exports direct current to battery of electric vehicle, draws all the way in 1 DC output end of charging circuit To current sampling circuit 2, a certain range of current signal is incuded, when current sampling circuit 2 collects continuous high current signal Trigger signal is not exported, trigger signal is exported when collecting continuous low current signal, after the certain time length that charges, battery reaches regulation Charge value starts to carry out trickle charge (continuous low current charge), and current sampling circuit 2 receives continuous low current signal, defeated To the A/D translation interface of microcontroller 3, analog quantity (trigger signal) is converted to digital quantity (switching signal) trigger signal, micro- out 3 internal timings of controller/counter realizes delay, after one section of delay, I/O mouthfuls of output switching signals (high level) to thyristor Control circuit 4, thyristor control circuit 4 cut off charging circuit 1, and realization automatically powers off.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, not imposes any restrictions to the utility model.All Factually with new technique any simple modification, change and equivalence change substantially to the above embodiments, this is still fallen within In the protection scope of utility model technical solution.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of electric car charger automatically powered off, which is characterized in that including charging circuit (1), current sampling circuit (2), Microcontroller (3) and thyristor control circuit (4), the charging circuit (1) are the basic circuit of electric car charger, the electricity The input terminal of stream sample circuit (2) is connect with the output end of charging circuit (1) by conducting wire, the current sampling circuit (2) Trigger signal output end is connect with the A/D translation interface of microcontroller (3) by conducting wire, the I/O output of the microcontroller (3) Mouth is connect with the input terminal of thyristor control circuit (4) by conducting wire, the output end of the thyristor control circuit (4) and charging Circuit (1) is connected by conducting wire.
2. a kind of electric car charger automatically powered off according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the microcontroller It (3) is STM32F407 microcontroller.
3. a kind of electric car charger automatically powered off according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the charging circuit (1) input terminal inputs 220V alternating current, and the electric current of the output end output of the charging circuit (1) is battery rated value direct current Electricity.
4. a kind of electric car charger automatically powered off according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the current sample electricity Road (2) include resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3, resistance R4, resistance R5, resistance R6, operational amplifier U1, operational amplifier U2, One end of diode D1, diode D2 and capacitor C1, the resistance R1 ground connection, the other end and operational amplifier U1 of resistance R1 are anti- The connection of phase input terminal, one end of the resistance R2 are connect with the input terminal of current sampling circuit (2), the other end and fortune of resistance R2 Calculate the non-inverting input terminal connection of amplifier U1, one end ground connection of the resistance R3, the other end and operational amplifier U1 of resistance R3 Non-inverting input terminal connection, one end ground connection of the resistance R4, the anti-phase input of the other end of resistance R4 and operational amplifier U1 End connection, one end of the resistance R5 are connect with the output end of operational amplifier U1, the other end and operational amplifier of resistance R5 The non-inverting input terminal of U2 connects, and one end of the resistance R6 is connect with the output end of operational amplifier U2, the other end of resistance R6 It being connect with the anode of diode D1, the cathode connection+3.3V DC voltage of diode D1, capacitor C1 is in parallel with diode D2, and two The plus earth of pole pipe D2, the cathode of diode D2 and the anode of diode D1 are connected and connect to current sampling circuit (2) Output end.
5. a kind of electric car charger automatically powered off according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the thyristor control Circuit (4) includes phase inverter A, photoelectrical coupler B, bidirectional thyristor VT, resistance R7, resistance R8, resistance R9 and capacitor C2, brilliant lock The output end of pipe control circuit (4) includes the first output end and second output terminal, input terminal and the thyristor control of the phase inverter A The input terminal of circuit processed connects, and the output end of phase inverter A is connect with the anode of the light emitting diode D3 in photoelectrical coupler B, sends out The cathode of optical diode D3 is grounded, and one end of resistance R7 is connect with the collector of phototriode V in photoelectrical coupler B, resistance The other end of R7 is connect with the first output end, and one end of resistance R8 connects with the emitter of phototriode V in photoelectrical coupler B It connects, the other end of resistance R8 is connect with second output terminal, and the first main electrode of bidirectional thyristor VT is connect with the first output end, double It is connect to the second main electrode of thyristor VT with second output terminal, light in the control electrode and photoelectrical coupler B of bidirectional thyristor VT The emitter of quick triode V connects, and one end of resistance R9 is connect with the first main electrode of bidirectional thyristor VT, and resistance R9's is another End is connect by capacitor C2 with the second main electrode of bidirectional thyristor VT, first output end and second output terminal and the electricity that charges Road connection.
CN201920083802.1U 2019-01-18 2019-01-18 A kind of electric car charger automatically powered off Expired - Fee Related CN209448489U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110962648A (en) * 2019-12-03 2020-04-07 苍南国博新能源科技有限公司 Automatic power-off equipment for charging of electric vehicle

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110962648A (en) * 2019-12-03 2020-04-07 苍南国博新能源科技有限公司 Automatic power-off equipment for charging of electric vehicle
CN110962648B (en) * 2019-12-03 2020-08-14 国网上海市电力公司 Automatic power-off equipment for charging of electric vehicle

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Granted publication date: 20190927

Termination date: 20210118