CN209442727U - A kind of device for realizing city domestic sewage anaerobic methane production - Google Patents
A kind of device for realizing city domestic sewage anaerobic methane production Download PDFInfo
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- CN209442727U CN209442727U CN201821984129.0U CN201821984129U CN209442727U CN 209442727 U CN209442727 U CN 209442727U CN 201821984129 U CN201821984129 U CN 201821984129U CN 209442727 U CN209442727 U CN 209442727U
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Abstract
A kind of device for realizing city domestic sewage anaerobic methane production, belongs to field of waste water treatment.Anaerobic reaction device, the water inlet system, outlet system, back-purge system, gas gathering system, temperature control system combined including cylindrical type and pyramid type, the anaerobic reaction device lower end that cylindrical type and pyramid type combine is equipped with conical inhalant region, the upper surface of inhalant region is followed successively by the supporting layer, filter material layer and clear water zone of cylindrical type, first biofilm, that is, Sludge Digestion in Wastewater Treatment Plant liquid on filter material layer；Then control parameter is run.The organic matter in city domestic sewage water is made full use of to generate clean energy resource-methane, realizes the recycling of resource in sewage.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of sewage disposal technologies, specifically realize the dress of city domestic sewage anaerobic methane production
It sets, the device and operation method of efficient methane phase is especially realized in anaerobic biofilter, suitable for city domestic sewage
Organic matter removal and resource reclaim are conducive to cost-effective control water body COD discharge, save cost of sewage disposal, realize money
The recycling in source belongs to wastewater treatment method field.
Background technique
The energy is the basis of socio-economic development, while being also to influence social economy's stable development and promotion human progress
Key factor.With the excessive exploitation and consumption of the worldwide petrochemical energy, the increasingly exhausted of the energy gradually attracts people's attention.Through
The high speed development of Ji therefore will also aggravate demand and supply to the energy along with the sustainable growth of energy demand.Although China
Economic growth is slowing down and is just undergoing constructional transfer, but still remain in the world maximum energy-consuming state, producing country and
The role of net exporter.It is shown according to " world energy sources statistics in 2016 " data of British Petroleum Company (BP) publication, Chinese energy
Source consumption accounts for 23% and the whole world that the whole world is consumed and has a net increase of long 34%.At the same time, current and future longer term, China still need to
Shortage of water resources and water pollution problems are responded actively, the high energy consumption of traditional sewage aerobic biological treatment system is characterized in water utilities row
The big obstacle of the one of industry sustainable development, it is energy-saving to have become industry new issue.Compared with traditional Aerobic biological process technology, detest
Characterized by efficient, inexpensive, the advantage with greenization, resourcebility has been used as at waste (water) oxygen biologic treating technique
A kind of cost-effective method of reason is widely adopted, and is transferred to comprehensive give up from single waste (water) processing at present
Goods and materials source recovery measure, for example, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphur, biogas, bio-fuel etc..It is contemplated that due to Global Carbon emission reduction,
Fossil energy substitution, Nutrient Cycling and efficient waste management technological innovation needs are by sustainable growth.
It is one of the hot spot of current Anaerobic Microbiological Treatment Technology research using wastewater efficient anaerobic methane production technology, methane is
The main component of clean energy resource (natural gas, coal bed gas and shale gas), therefore, the research of methanogen anaerobic methane production is to cleaning
The development and utilization of the energy have important guidance and practice significance.Due to anaerobe slow growth, and to the environment such as temperature because
Element require it is more stringent, therefore currently, for Anaerobic Microbiological Treatment Technology application focus primarily upon high concentrated organic wastewater, but
Some researches show that anaerobic bio-treateds not only can handle middle and high concentration organic wastewater, but also has processing low-concentration organic waste water
Feasibility.It being shown according to living to build portion's data, 2016, the municipal sewage annual amount for the treatment of in China is 448.8 billion cubic meters, and
Following a period of time by keep 6% annual increment.Therefore, it probes into and to realize that low concentration city domestic sewage is efficient how at normal temperature
Anaerobic methane production has certain directive significance to actual domestic wastewater anaerobic bio-treated is solved.
Since 1970s, biomembrane process becomes the research hotspot of numerous researchers and engineers.Biology
Filter tank belongs to one kind of biomembrane process, is developed in the late 19th century.Anaerobic biofilter is a kind of change of ordinary biofilter
Shape form, internal filled solid filler, the microorganism of free state and suspended matter are attached to solid packing table by suction-operated
Face forms anaerobic organism film.Its biggest characteristic is that integrating organic matter removal and retention suspended solid, guaranteeing treatment effect
Under the premise of simplify process flow.In addition, anaerobic biofilter technique does not need special mixing plant without aeration, fill
It sets simply, low energy consumption for itself；The microbial cells residence time is long, and biomass concentration is high, can get higher organic loading, resistance to punching
It is stronger to hit load-bearing capacity, stability is good；Biofilm structure is fluffy, large specific surface area, and it is high that organic matter decomposes utilization efficiency.Therefore it grinds
Before the Fast implementation and stability problem for studying carefully the efficient methane phase of anaerobic biofilter have important theory significance and application
Scape.
Utility model content
The purpose of the utility model is to provide one kind to fast implement the efficient methane phase of city domestic sewage anaerobic biofilter
Device provide optimal environment by applying various regulation methods for being advantageously implemented the efficient methane phase of anaerobic biofilter
Control parameter achievees the effect that fast implement the efficient methane phase of anaerobic biofilter.
The technical solution of the utility model is:
A kind of device fast implementing the efficient methane phase of city domestic sewage anaerobic biofilter, which is characterized in that including
Anaerobic reaction device, the water inlet system, outlet system, back-purge system, gas gathering system, temperature control system that cylindrical type and pyramid type combine
Anaerobic reaction device (5) lower end that system, cylindrical type and pyramid type combine is equipped with conical inhalant region, and the upper surface of inhalant region is successively
For the clear water zone of the supporting layer of cylindrical type, the filter material layer of cylindrical type and cylindrical type, the upper end of anaerobic reaction device (5) is water outlet
Slot (8), effluent trough (8) are equipped with gas outlet (12), and gas outlet (12) pass through wet gas flow meter (13) sum aggregate airbag (14)
Connection；Pressure gauge (4) are housed in the bottom of filter material layer, are equipped with multiple (such as 6) sample taps (11) in filter material layer lateral parts；Into
Water system are as follows: pass sequentially through inlet tank (1), water inlet pipe (2), peristaltic pump (3), valve and be connected to pyramid type inhalant region；Cylindrical type
Effluent trough (8) is passed sequentially through at the top of clear water zone, outlet pipe (15) is connected to water tank/backwash inlet tank (18)；Water tank/
Backwash inlet tank (18) passes sequentially through backwash pump (16), spinner flowmeter (17), valve and pyramid type inhalant region part
Connection；Effluent trough (8) is connected to by backwash outlet pipe (9) with backwash water tank (10) simultaneously；Temperature control device (7) passes through
Heating tape (6) adjusts reaction unit temperature.
The particle diameter of filter medium of filter material layer is 3-5mm.One sample tap is set in the every 20cm height of filter material layer lateral parts, is set altogether
Set 6 sample taps (11).
The mycoderm of sludge-digestion liquid is hung in filter material layer biofilm before carrying out methane phase.
The operation method of above-mentioned city domestic sewage anaerobic biofilter anaerobic methane production device, which is characterized in that including
Following steps:
1) startup stage: system kind mud uses actual sewage treatment plant sludge-digestion liquid, and initial SS is 10g/L, passes through
Peristaltic pump is successively pumped into reactor from each sample tap of filter material layer side, it is made to be uniformly distributed in filter material layer, open into
The valve of water system, sanitary sewage are pumped into reactor by peristaltic pump from pyramid type inhalant region part, it is made to be totally submerged filter
The bed of material；Temperature control device is opened, temperature is controlled at 35 ± 1 DEG C, and water outlet is pumped into reactor again, into circulation wall mem stage；This
DO, pH and ORP in stage continuous monitor system, for a period, to change sewage afterwards for 24 hours for 24 hours and enter next cycle；And so on
It 7 days, is intake by the way of continuous flow later, enters normal operating phase；
2) normal operating phase: opening the valve of water inlet system, then opens water inlet peristaltic pump, adjusts wriggling revolution speed,
City domestic sewage to be processed is continuously entered into cylindrical portion by pyramid type inhalant region, by filter material layer, in microorganism
Under (zymogenous bacteria) effect, the complexity including one or more of polysaccharide, protein, lipid, starch, cellulose, hydro carbons etc.
Organic matter is hydrolyzed and ferments, and wherein polysaccharide is first hydrolyzed to monosaccharide, then is further fermented into ethyl alcohol and rouge by diphosphate pathway
Fat acid etc.；Protein is then first hydrolyzed to amino acid, then generates fatty acid and ammonia through deamination；Lipid be converted into fatty acid and
Glycerol is then converted to fatty acid and alcohols；Then, under the action of hydrogen-producing acetogens, except formic acid, acetic acid, methylamine, methanol
The intermediate product generated on last stage in addition, such as fatty acid (propionic acid, butyric acid) and alcohols (ethyl alcohol) soluble small molecular turn
Turn to acetic acid and H2/CO2；Finally, methanogen is formic acid, acetic acid, methylamine, methanol and (H2+CO2) etc. matrix by different
Path is converted into methane, and water outlet flows through outlet pipe from effluent trough and drains into water tank, and gas is from top gas outlet through wet type gas
Flowmeter enters in collection airbag；This operation phase, controlling reactor temperature by heating tape and temperature control device is 35 ± 1 DEG C,
Simultaneity factor pH value is controlled in 6.8-7.8；
3) after the operation of reactor normal table, it is dense hydraulic detention time (HRT) optimizing phase: to measure daily Inlet and outlet water COD
Degree variation, and the variation along journey COD concentration and intermediate product VFA is measured, the degraded areas of COD and VFA are determined, if COD and VFA
Degradation only occurs in filter material layer lower part, then shortens the HRT of reactor by improving water inlet wriggling revolution speed, HRT can be from for 24 hours
Any time length being adjusted in 2.5h detects the variation of Inlet and outlet water COD concentration and methane production variation after adjustment；It is every to change one
Secondary service condition must carry out next stage after reactor for treatment effect stability；
4) the temperature acclimatisation stage: hydraulic detention time (HRT) obtains optimal HRT parameter after the optimizing phase, then
Temperature is gradually decreased up to room temperature, is such as followed successively by 30 DEG C, 25 DEG C to room temperature, the variation of Inlet and outlet water COD concentration and first are detected after adjustment
Alkane change of production, after microorganism gradually adapts to cryogenic conditions, before effluent COD concentration and methane production and change temperature quite,
It is considered as system and reaches stable state, next stage cooling can be carried out.
5) continue to carry out urban life dirt with hydraulic detention time adjusted (HRT) and the condition after the temperature acclimatisation stage
Water anaerobic biofilter anaerobic methane production.
The realization condition of city domestic sewage efficient anaerobic methane phase is inherently the optimization of methanogen Bacterial community,
So that methanogen is adapted to the environment of low COD concentration as far as possible, and efficient stable operation under room temperature is done step-by-step.
The device provided by the utility model for fast implementing city domestic sewage anaerobic biofilter anaerobic methane production and
Operation method is to provide the environmental condition most beneficial for methanogen growth enrichment, improves methanogen growth rate, gradually tames and dociles
Change, adapt it to the growing environment of the low COD concentration of room temperature, specifically include:
1) control of system initial launch temperature is at 35 ± 1 DEG C, conducive to the growth and enrichment of methanogen.Methanogen is 35
DEG C and 55 DEG C under the conditions of growth rate it is most fast, therefore maintain system initial launch temperature at 35 ± 1 DEG C, it is raw to be conducive to methanogen
Long and enrichment, gradually cools the temperature to room temperature again after system stable operation.
2) using the kind mud starting for more adapting to sanitary sewage, be conducive to the growth and enrichment of methanogen under low COD concentration.
Using actual sewage treatment plant sludge-digestion liquid as system kind mud, this kind of mud is chronically under sanitary sewage environment, more adapts to
Low COD environment is more advantageous to the growth and enrichment of methanogen under the starting and low COD concentration of system.
3) system controls under oxygen free condition substantially, is conducive to be enriched with methanogen.Methanogen is strict anaerobes, is being had
Inhibition being generated to it under conditions of molecular oxygen, therefore keeping the closed of reactor in system operation, strict control is molten
Oxygen concentration is solved in 0.01mg/L or less.It runs with this condition for a long time, is conducive to be enriched with methanogen.
4) control of system pH value is conducive to be enriched with methanogen within the scope of 6.8-7.8.The optimal pH range of methanogen
It for 6.5-7.5, therefore runs under these conditions for a long time, is conducive to the enrichment of methanogen.
The device and operation method of the efficient methane phase of city domestic sewage anaerobic biofilter of the utility model compared with
The processing technique of processing city domestic sewage compare, have the advantage that
1) energy conservation and consumption reduction effects are good.Most of expense of sewage treatment plant is consumed for power consumption and medicine, however anaerobic methane production
Technology is to convert methane for organic matter under anaerobic, without aeration, saves the aeration energy consumption in organic matter removal stage,
Power consumption is reduced, the energy consumption of sewage treatment plant is reduced.
It 2) can resource recycling.Since the device and method make full use of the organic matter in city domestic sewage water to produce
Raw clean energy resource-methane, realizes the recycling of resource in sewage.
3) high reliablity.Anaerobic biofilter capacity of resisting impact load is strong, no sludge bulking problem, micro- after out of service
Biology will not be lost, and it is horizontal to be restored to normal processing in starting several days.
4) capital cost and operating cost are low.The capital cost and operating cost of anaerobic biofilter are significantly less than traditional normal
Advise the expense of two stage treatment technology.
5) process is simple.Anaerobic biofilter integrates filtering, biological adsorption and organic matter removal, can play two simultaneously
The effect in heavy pond and sand filter, Physical entrapment and biological treatment are completed in same reactor.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model.
In figure: 1 inlet tank；2 water inlet pipes；3 peristaltic pumps；4 pressure gauges；5 cylindrical types+pyramid type reaction unit；6 heating tapes；
7 temperature control devices；8 effluent troughs；9 backwash outlet pipes；10 backwash water tanks；11 sample taps；12 gas outlets；13 wet type gas streams
Meter；14 collection airbags；15 outlet pipes；16 backwash pumps；17 spinner flowmeters；18 water tanks/backwash inlet tank
Fig. 2 is experimentation treatment effect figure in the utility model embodiment；
Fig. 3 is methane production figure in experimentation in the utility model embodiment；
Fig. 4 is to become in the utility model embodiment experimentation along journey (i.e. comprising different height sample point) pollutant
Change.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
Embodiment:
Referring to attached drawing, the device of the efficient methane phase of city domestic sewage anaerobic biofilter is fast implemented: being equipped with cylindrical type
Reaction unit, the water inlet system, outlet system, back-purge system, gas gathering system, temperature control system combined with pyramid type.Cylindrical type
Be equipped with conical inhalant region with the reaction unit (5) that pyramid type combines, supporting layer, filter material layer and the clear water zone of cylindrical type with
And effluent trough (8), effluent trough (8) are equipped with gas outlet (12), cylindrical reactor part is equipped with filter material layer, and in filtrate
The bottom of layer is equipped with pressure gauge (4), is equipped with 6 sample taps (11) in the filter material layer part of reactor；Water inlet system passes through water inlet
Case (1), water inlet pipe (2), peristaltic pump (3), valve are connected to pyramid type inhalant region；Pass through effluent trough at the top of cylindrical reactor
(8), outlet pipe (15) is connected to water tank/backwash inlet tank (18)；Water tank/backwash inlet tank (18) passes through recoil
Wash water pump (16), spinner flowmeter (17), valve are connected to pyramid type reactor part；Effluent trough (8) passes through backwash water outlet
Pipe (9) is connected to backwash water tank (10)；Temperature control device (7) adjusts reaction unit temperature by heating tape (6).
Particle diameter of filter medium used in reactor filter material layer is 3-5mm.
The operation method of the efficient methane phase device of city domestic sewage anaerobic biofilter, with Families Home, Beijing University of Technology
The additional glucose of actual domestic wastewater is as experimental subjects: COD=350mg/L, pH=6.8-7.8,35 ± 1 DEG C of temperature, selected
The anaerobic biofilter dischargeable capacity selected is 12.5L, and operation method is completed according to the following steps:
1) startup stage: the sludge-digestion liquid for being derived from actual sewage treatment plant is mixed, and initial SS is 10g/L, is passed through
Peristaltic pump is successively pumped into reactor from each sample tap, it is made to be uniformly distributed in filter material layer, opens inlet valve, and life is dirty
Water is pumped into reactor by peristaltic pump from pyramid type reactor part, it is made to be totally submerged filter material layer；Open temperature control device, temperature
Degree control is at 35 ± 1 DEG C, and water outlet is pumped into reactor again by intake pump, into circulation wall mem stage.This stage continuously supervises
DO and pH in examining system, for a period, to change sewage afterwards for 24 hours for 24 hours and enter next cycle, at this point, upflow velocity is 0.042m/
H, organic loading (OLR) are 0.35Kg/ (m3·d).It and so on 7 days, is intake, is entered by the way of continuous flow later
Normal operating phase.
2) normal operating phase: opening inlet valve, then opens water inlet peristaltic pump, adjusts wriggling revolution speed, will be wait locate
The city domestic sewage of reason is continuously entered in anaerobic biofilter by pyramid type bottom, by filter material layer, in microorganism (fermentation
Bacterium) effect under, complicated organic matter (such as polysaccharide, starch, cellulose, hydro carbons) is hydrolyzed and ferments.Polysaccharide is first hydrolyzed to
Monosaccharide, then ethyl alcohol and fatty acid etc. are further fermented by diphosphate pathway；Protein is then first hydrolyzed to amino acid, then through deamination
Base effect generates fatty acid and ammonia；Lipid is converted into fatty acid and glycerol, is then converted to fatty acid and alcohols.Then, hydrogen is being produced
Under the action of acetogen, the intermediate product that the first stage in addition to formic acid, acetic acid, methylamine, methanol is generated, such as fatty acid
The soluble small moleculars such as (propionic acid, butyric acid) and alcohols (ethyl alcohol) are converted into acetic acid and H2/CO2.Finally, methanogen formic acid,
Acetic acid, methylamine, methanol and (H2+CO2) etc. matrix methane is converted by different paths, water outlet flows through outlet pipe from effluent trough
It drains into water tank, gas enters from top gas outlet through wet gas flow meter in collection airbag.This operation phase passes through heating
Band and temperature control device control reactor temperature are 35 ± 1 DEG C；Initial stage HRT is that for 24 hours, organic loading (OLR) is 0.35Kg/
(m3D), after stable, gradually shorten HRT to 18h, 12h, 6h, 4h, corresponding organic loading (OLR) is respectively 0.47Kg
COD/(m3· d)、0.7Kg COD/(m3·d)、1.4Kg COD/(m3·d)、2.1Kg COD/(m3·d)。
3) hydraulic detention time (HRT) optimizing phase: after reactor stable operation, according to filter tank along journey COD concentration and in
Between product VFA concentration variation adjustment hydraulic detention time.Shorten the HRT of reactor, adjustment by improving water inlet wriggling revolution speed
The variation of detection Inlet and outlet water COD concentration and methane production variation afterwards.Service condition of every change, must reactor for treatment effect stability
Carrying out next stage afterwards.
4) the temperature acclimatisation stage: hydraulic detention time (HRT) obtains optimal HRT parameter after the optimizing phase, then
Gradually decreasing temperature is 30 DEG C, 25 DEG C to room temperature, and the variation of Inlet and outlet water COD concentration and methane production variation are detected after adjustment.Often change
Become a service condition, next stage must carried out after reactor for treatment effect stability.
Using the treatment effect of above-mentioned technique, Fig. 2-4 is seen.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of device for realizing city domestic sewage anaerobic methane production, which is characterized in that combined including cylindrical type and pyramid type
Anaerobic reaction device, water inlet system, outlet system, back-purge system, gas gathering system, temperature control system, cylindrical type and pyramid type
In conjunction with anaerobic reaction device (5) lower end be equipped with conical inhalant region, the upper surface of inhalant region be followed successively by cylindrical type supporting layer,
The upper end of the filter material layer of cylindrical type and the clear water zone of cylindrical type, anaerobic reaction device (5) is effluent trough (8), and effluent trough is set on (8)
Have gas outlet (12), gas outlet (12) are connected by wet gas flow meter (13) sum aggregate airbag (14)；In the bottom of filter material layer
Equipped with pressure gauge (4), multiple sample taps (11) are equipped in filter material layer lateral parts；Water inlet system are as follows: pass sequentially through inlet tank
(1), water inlet pipe (2), peristaltic pump (3), valve are connected to pyramid type inhalant region；Water outlet is passed sequentially through at the top of cylindrical type clear water zone
Slot (8), outlet pipe (15) are connected to water tank/backwash inlet tank (18)；Water tank/backwash inlet tank (18) passes sequentially through
Backwash pump (16), spinner flowmeter (17), valve are connected to pyramid type inhalant region part；Effluent trough (8) is simultaneously by anti-
Outlet pipe (9) are rinsed to be connected to backwash water tank (10)；Temperature control device (7) adjusts reaction unit temperature by heating tape (6).
2. a kind of device for realizing city domestic sewage anaerobic methane production described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that filtrate
The particle diameter of filter medium of layer is 3-5mm.
3. a kind of device for realizing city domestic sewage anaerobic methane production described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that filtering
A sample tap is arranged in the every 20cm height of bed of material lateral parts, and 6 sample taps (11) are arranged altogether.
4. a kind of device for realizing city domestic sewage anaerobic methane production described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that into
The mycoderm of sludge-digestion liquid is hung before row methane phase in filter material layer biofilm.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109437395A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-03-08 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of device and operation method for realizing city domestic sewage anaerobic methane production |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109437395A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-03-08 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of device and operation method for realizing city domestic sewage anaerobic methane production |
| CN109437395B (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2023-09-12 | 北京工业大学 | Device for realizing anaerobic methane production of urban domestic sewage and operation method |
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