CN209441680U - A kind of shape memory unfolding mechanism - Google Patents
A kind of shape memory unfolding mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN209441680U CN209441680U CN201821827576.5U CN201821827576U CN209441680U CN 209441680 U CN209441680 U CN 209441680U CN 201821827576 U CN201821827576 U CN 201821827576U CN 209441680 U CN209441680 U CN 209441680U
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- expanding unit
- shape memory
- shape
- unfolding mechanism
- heating
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of shape memory unfolding mechanism, is related to space technology field, including expanding unit, and the expanding unit is made of shape memory polymer material, and the expanding unit is beanpod rod-type.Shape memory unfolding mechanism described in the utility model, there is apparent advantage using mechanical unfolding mechanism compared to traditional, the shape having is locked certainly before expansion, process control is unfolded, quick rigidifying and rigidity are big after expansion, can be formed with large scale, and the expanding unit that beanpod is rod-shaped, the strain energy of material deformation state storage and the rigidity of unfolded state can be increased substantially.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to space technology fields, and in particular to a kind of shape memory unfolding mechanism.
Background technique
In the prior art, the devices such as solar panels are needed in too airborne launch, traditional space exhibition in Space Science and Technology field
Opening apparatus mostly uses mechanical device to be unfolded, but with the development of Space Science and Technology, requirement of the people to unfolding mechanism is increasingly
Height, complicated in mechanical structure, vulnerable to impact failure, quality is big, the mechanical expanding unit such as at high cost has been insufficient for people
Demand, lighting and intelligentized unfolding mechanism are increasingly becoming the hot spot of domestic and international deployable space structures research field, need
Develop a kind of expanding unit for the advantages such as structure is simple, intensity is high, impact force is small.
In view of the above drawbacks, the utility model creator obtains originally practical new finally by prolonged research and practice
Type.
Utility model content
To solve above-mentioned technological deficiency, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is, provides a kind of shape memory expansion
Mechanism, including expanding unit, the expanding unit are made of shape memory polymer material, and the expanding unit is beanpod bar
Type.
Further, the expanding unit is hollow structure, and the both ends of the expanding unit connect.
Further, the thickness of the expanding unit side wall is within the scope of 0.5-1.5mm.
Further, the shape-memory polymer includes epoxies or cyanate shape-memory polymer resin.
Further, reinforcing material is contained in the shape-memory polymer, the reinforcing material includes that fiber reinforcement is multiple
Condensation material and/or particulate reinforced composite.
Further, the reinforcing material include glass fibre, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, boron fibre, graphene, nickel powder,
At least one of carbon nanotube or hollow Nano ferriferrous oxide particles or multiple combinations.
Further, the reinforcing material includes at least a kind of fibre reinforced composites, the fiber-reinforced composite material
Expect that ply stacking angle is Orthogonal Symmetric laying or angle symmetric layups, ply stacking angle includes 0 °, 45 ° or 90 °.
It further, further include heating device, the heating device is heated using outer patch heating film, embedded resistors silk, is outer
Conducting resinl heating, sunlight irradiation, ultraviolet light driving, field drives or microwave-driven one or more combination are applied to institute
Expanding unit is stated to be heated.
Further, the heating device includes heating film, and the heating film passes through polyimides double-sided adhesive resistant to high temperature
Or acrylic acid sticking double faced adhesive tape resistant to high temperature is on the surface of the expanding unit.
Further, the expanding unit is that symmetrical beanpod is rod-shaped；The expanding unit is by two and half pod-like parts
It is spliced, and integration is used using the solidification of identical shape-memory polymer bonding or the expanding unit in stitching portion
It is laid with fiber solidifying molding.
Compared with the prior art the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1, a kind of shape memory unfolding mechanism described in the utility model locks the shape having before expansion certainly, was unfolded
Journey is controllable, and quick rigidifying and rigidity are big after expansion, can be formed with large scale, and the expanding unit that beanpod is rod-shaped, can be substantially
Degree improves the strain energy of material deformation state storage and the rigidity of unfolded state.
2, a kind of shape memory unfolding mechanism described in the utility model, can according to need figuration at desired after heating
Shape can keep the state after figuration after cooling, and when needing to be unfolded, heating can be automatically performed expansion again, and expansion process is slow
Slowly, to spacecraft impact it is small, may be implemented from locking and self-deploy.
3, a kind of shape memory unfolding mechanism described in the utility model has compared to tradition using mechanical unfolding mechanism
There is apparent advantage, complicated in mechanical structure degree and expansion difficulty can be effectively reduced, structure is simple, can open up for following space
Opening structure provides new approaches.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to institute in embodiment description in order to illustrate more clearly of the technical solution in various embodiments of the utility model
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described.
Fig. 1 is the expanding unit schematic diagram of the utility model；
Fig. 2 is the expanding unit sectional view of the utility model；
Fig. 3 is the expanding unit schematic cross-section of the utility model；
Fig. 4 is the flexible solar wing spreading schematic diagram of the utility model；
Fig. 5 is the slot schematic diagram of the utility model；
Fig. 6 is the connector schematic diagram of the utility model；
Fig. 7 is that the flexible solar wing of the utility model collapses schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is the shape memory hinge expanded schematic diagram of the utility model；
Fig. 9 is that the shape memory hinge of the utility model collapses schematic diagram；
Figure 10 is expanded schematic diagram when the shape memory hinge of the utility model is connected in series；
Figure 11 is that the shape memory hinge of the utility model collapses schematic diagram when being connected in series；
Figure 12 is expanded schematic diagram when the shape memory hinge of the utility model is connected in parallel；
Figure 13 is that the shape memory hinge of the utility model collapses schematic diagram when being connected in parallel.
Digital representation in figure:
1- expanding unit, arc portion in 11-, the side 12- arc portion, the straight portion in the end 13-, 2- heating film, 3- solar battery film, 4- connect
Fitting, 41- inner core, 411- annular protrusion, 42- bluff piece, 5- sleeve, 51- slot, 6- substrate, 7- fixture.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the above and other technical features and advantages of the present invention are described in more detail.
Embodiment one
The utility model provides a kind of shape memory unfolding mechanism, in conjunction with shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 2, including expanding unit 1, exhibition
Opening apparatus 1 is elongated rod shape, and the cross section of expanding unit 1 is pod-like, and expanding unit 1 is hollow beanpod rod-type structure, exhibition
Opening apparatus 1 is made of shape memory polymer material, specifically uses epoxies shape-memory polymer resin or cyanate
Shape-memory polymer resin, the glass of epoxies shape-memory polymer resin or cyanate shape-memory polymer resin
Change transition temperature to choose according to actual needs；Shape memory polymer material is a kind of novel intelligent with shape memory effect
Material, the first material can be prepared into the ontology with original shape, when the temperature of this kind of material is higher than its intrinsic vitrifying
When transition temperature Tg, material will be flexibility by rigid transition, the deformation such as can be bent or be crimped under external force at this time, when
After temperature reduces and is lower than glass transition temperature Tg, even if removing external force, which can also keep shape and place after deformation
In rigid state, after the temperature of the material increases and is higher than its intrinsic glass transition temperature Tg, when being influenced without external force,
This kind of material becomes flexible and can be self-healing original shape, after temperature reduces again and is lower than glass transition temperature Tg,
The material restores rigidity and keeps initial shape.
The present embodiment utilizes the special nature of shape-memory polymer, and the expansion of shape memory polymer material preparation is filled
It sets 1 to use in the device for needing to be unfolded in spacecraft, and cooperates the temperature of heating device control expanding unit 1, in initial shape
Under state, expanding unit 1 is the direct rod shape of expansion, heating devices heat expanding unit 1, when the temperature of expanding unit 1 increases and surpasses
When crossing the glass transition temperature Tg of shape-memory polymer, expanding unit 1 is changed into flexible state, is bent under external force
Or curling is collapsed, after bending to predetermined shape, heater stop heating, expanding unit 1 is restored to rigid state, removes outer
Power, expanding unit 1 will keep being bent collapsing shape, and expanding unit 1 can drive other devices to be co-located on rounding state at this time, reduce
The developed area of spacecraft, spacecraft are collapsed into lesser volume；It needs to fill composition when spacecraft enters planned orbit
When setting expansion, heating device heats expanding unit 1 again, when expanding unit 1 meets and exceeds shape-memory polymer again
When glass transition temperature Tg, expanding unit 1 automatically restores to initial expansion shape, the device for needing to be unfolded in spacecraft at this time
Reach expansion shape.
Outer patch heating film can be used in heating device, embedded resistors silk heats, outer painting conducting resinl heats, sunlight irradiates, is ultraviolet
One or more combinations such as light irradiation driving, field drives or microwave-driven heat expanding unit 1, wherein heating
Device may be provided at 1 outside of expanding unit, may also be arranged on 1 inside of expanding unit；In the present embodiment, heating device is added using electricity
The mode of heat heats expanding unit 1, specific in the fixed heating film 2 in the outer surface of expanding unit 1, heating film 2 is viscous
It is attached on the curved surface sidewall of expanding unit 1, bonding method is to use polyimides double-sided adhesive resistant to high temperature or propylene resistant to high temperature
Sour sticking double faced adhesive tape improves the connectivity robustness of heating film 2 Yu expanding unit 1, will not cause to heat because of the raising of temperature
Film 2 falls off.
Expanding unit 1 described in the present embodiment, being applied to technical field of aerospace can be effectively reduced complicated in mechanical structure journey
Degree and expansion difficulty have apparent advantage, the resistance of shape-memory polymer using mechanical expanding unit compared to traditional
Buddhist nun is larger, and expansion process is more slow, small to spacecraft impact, may be implemented from locking and self-deploying, and structure is simple, heating
When can according to need figuration into desired shape, rounding state can be kept after cooling, when needing to be unfolded, heated again achievable
The stretching, extension of shape memory beanpod bar provides new approaches for following space deployable structure；And the utility model is by expanding unit 1
It is designed to that beanpod is rod-shaped, the strain energy of the deformation state storage of expanding unit 1 and the rigidity of unfolded state is greatly improved.
Embodiment two
On the basis of the above embodiments, expanding unit 1 is made the present embodiment of shape memory polymer composite material, shape
Shape memory composites include basis material and reinforcing material, basis material using epoxies shape-memory polymer or
Cyanate shape-memory polymer resin, the glass transition temperature Tg of epoxies shape-memory polymer are 80 DEG C, 100
DEG C, 120 DEG C, 150 DEG C or 170 DEG C etc.；Cyanate type is that glass transition temperature Tg is 180 DEG C or 210 DEG C etc., specifically can root
It is chosen according to the glass transition temperature Tg of needs；Reinforcing material is fibre reinforced composites or particulate reinforced composite, tool
Optional glass fibre, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, boron fibre, graphene, nickel powder, carbon nanotube or the hollow Nano four of body aoxidize
One or more combinations of three iron particles.
In the present embodiment, shape memory polymer composite material preparation can take the methods of vacuum assisted resin molding,
When composite material enhancing can take the continuous fiber reinforcements mode such as continuous carbon fibre or glass fiber reinforcement, fiber-reinforced composite
The ply stacking angle of material can be Orthogonal Symmetric laying or angle symmetric layups, ply angle may be selected 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° angularly.
Embodiment three
On the basis of the above embodiments, as shown in connection with fig. 3, the section of expanding unit 1 is symmetrical beanpod to the present embodiment
Shape, expanding unit 1 are made of the flaky material of two and half pod-likes, preferably, constitute the flaky material thickness of expanding unit 1
T is within the scope of 0.5-1.5mm, and expanding unit 1 includes middle arc portion 11, side arc portion 12 and holds straight portion 13, and middle arc portion 11 is located at two
Between side arc portion 12, the straight portion 13 in two ends is located at the outboard end of two side arc portions 12, and holding straight portion 13 is tabular.
It is obtained according to flexural rigidity of section calculation formula EI=M/ (1/r)=M/ φ of beam, when the timing of maximal bending moment M mono-,
Sectional curvature radius r is bigger, i.e., sectional curvature is smaller, and then keeps section rigidity EI bigger, in the present embodiment, the circle of middle arc portion 11
Arc radius R1 and the arc radius R2 of side arc portion 12 are bigger, and the section rigidity of the expanding unit 1 constituted is bigger；Middle part arc chord angle
The size for spending β influences the circularity of cross section, and middle part arc angle β is smaller, and the bending figuration of expanding unit 1 is simpler.
Expanding unit 1 in the present embodiment is that symmetrical beanpod is rod-shaped, when production, first makes half of beanpod bar part, so
Two and half beanpod bar parts are utilized into the bonding solidification of identical shape-memory polymer afterwards, or directlys adopt integration and is laid with fibre
Tie up curing molding.
Example IV
The present embodiment on the basis of the above embodiments, wraps up heat-shrink tube outside heating film 2 and laminate, while in heat-shrink tube
Upper suit heat-barrier material or aluminium foil, it is possible to reduce the heat dissipation of heater and laminate improves the heating efficiency of heating film 2.
Embodiment five
The present embodiment on the basis of the above embodiments, including expanding unit, solar collecting device and heating device, shape
At a kind of flexible solar wing spreading structure, heating device can motivate expanding unit to occur to collapse or be unfolded, solar collecting device
It being fixedly connected with expanding unit, expanding unit drives solar collecting device to collapse and be unfolded, when not needing solar wing work,
Solar collecting device can be driven to be collapsed into lesser volume by expanding unit, when spacecraft runs to formulation track, needed
When solar wing collects solar energy, expanding unit drives solar collecting device expansion, expands the receiving plane of solar collecting device
Product completes the expansion of flexible solar wing.
A kind of specific embodiment of flexible solar wing spreading structure is present embodiments provided, as shown in connection with fig. 4, including exhibition
Opening apparatus 1, heating film 2, solar battery film 3, connector 4, sleeve 5 and substrate 6, solar battery film 3 are flexible battery film,
The deformation such as curling can occur, in the present embodiment, expanding unit 1 is beanpod rod-type made of shape memory polymer material, is improved
The strain energy of 1 deformation state of expanding unit and the rigidity of unfolded state, expanding unit 1 altogether there are two, solar battery film 3 is solid
It is scheduled between two expanding units 1；The energisation mode of expanding unit 1 is surface mount heating film 2 in the present embodiment；Sleeve 5 is
Hollow cylindrical structure, expanding unit 1 are fixed on the curved surface at 5 both ends of sleeve, and preferably, as shown in connection with fig. 5, sleeve 5 exists
It connects and is equipped with slot 51 at expanding unit 1, the top of expanding unit 1 is equipped with the inserted sheet 11 to match with slot 51, and inserted sheet 11 is
The rod-shaped expanding unit 1 of beanpod cuts away intermediate beanpod form part and the straight piece part in remaining both ends, inserted sheet 11 are inserted into slotting
In slot 51, and being fixedly connected for expanding unit 1 and sleeve 5 is realized by screw；The lower end of expanding unit 1 by connector 4 with
Substrate 6 is fixedly connected, and as shown in connection with fig. 6, connector 4 includes inner core 41 and bluff piece 42, and inner core 41 is equipped with an annular protrusion
411, annular protrusion 411 is inserted into the bottom end of expanding unit 1, and the outer circumferential of annular protrusion 411 sets that there are two bluff pieces 42, passes through
Screw realizes that bluff piece 42, expanding unit 1 are fixedly connected with inner core 21, and then realizes that expanding unit 1 and the fixed of connector 4 connect
It connects, preferably, the bottom end corner of solar battery film 3 is inserted between bluff piece 42 and inner core 41, then realizes the sun by screw
Energy battery membranes 3 are fixedly connected with connector 4；The bottom end of connector 4 is fixedly connected by screw with substrate 6, and substrate 6 is fixed on
On spacecraft.
Flexible solar wing spreading structure described in the present embodiment, as shown in connection with fig. 7, the Spacecraft Launch where it
Before, expanding unit 1 is heated to be crimped into circle around the sleeve 5 of end after the vitrifying glass transition temperature Tg of material
Tubular, flexible solar wing is in rounding state at this time；After spacecraft enters planned orbit, heating film 2 gives expanding unit 1 temperature
Degree excitation, the expanding unit 1 of rolled state will be returned to original straight-bar state at this time, to drive middle flexible solar-electricity
The expansion of pond film 3.
The screw connection in the present embodiment is only that one kind described in example is fixedly connected with mode, plays and is fixedly connected
The connection type of effect is used equally for the utility model, and the mode that is fixedly connected for not limiting the utility model is only screw connection.
Embodiment six
On the basis of the above embodiments, expanding unit 1, provides one kind to the present embodiment in conjunction with described in above-described embodiment
Hinge type shape memory unfolding mechanism, in conjunction with shown in Fig. 8-Fig. 9, including expanding unit 1 described in any of the above-described embodiment, expansion
The both ends of device 1 are provided with fixture 7, and fixture 7 is for connecting other devices of the both ends of expanding unit 1, and in the present embodiment, fixture is only
It illustrates a kind of embodiment, the structure that expanding unit 1 is connect with other devices of both ends can be used equally for the present embodiment, it is real
Shape memory hinge deployed configuration described in existing the present embodiment, expanding unit 1 is heated by heating device, and is more than in temperature
Bending Deformation is at rounding state, such as U-shaped shape when its glass transition temperature Tg, and expanding unit 1 keeps collapsing shape after temperature reduces
The gathering of two end devices is realized in state, the bending of hinge；When spacecraft enters space and runs to predetermined trajectory, heating device is again
Secondary heating expanding unit 1, after temperature is more than its glass transition temperature Tg, expanding unit 1 is unfolded, and hinge drives two sides device
The expansion for realizing device in spacecraft, in the present embodiment, to expansion by the way of the surface mount heating film in expanding unit 1
Device is heated.
Embodiment eight
On the basis of the above embodiments, hinge deployed configuration when in use, can be used alone the present embodiment, can also be multiple
Serial or parallel connection uses, and when being used in series, in conjunction with shown in Figure 10-Figure 11, between two expanding units 1 and both ends pass through folder
The fixed connecting rod of tool 7, constitutes the connection type that three connecting rods are connected in series in two expanding units 1, in the initial stage, hinge and connecting rod
For straight-bar state, heating film is gradually heated up the expanding unit 1 in hinge, when being more than its glass transition temperature Tg, in outer masterpiece
Expanding unit 1 is bent into U-typed with lower, the two of connection function hinge is bending direction opposite two U-shaped at this time, so that
Overall structure is similar " S " type structure, and three connecting rods be in rounding state at this time, when to enter space pre- for spacecraft drive hinge
Behind orbit determination road, heating film is gradually heated up the expanding unit 1 in hinge, and expanding unit 1 gradually spreads out and is restored to initial straight-bar
State, for realizing that the expansion of connecting rod, the present embodiment use connecting rod, the hinge for not limiting tandem is only used for such device
Connection less limits the quantity of hinge deployed configuration.
The present embodiment, hinge deployed configuration is when used in parallel, and in conjunction with shown in Figure 12-13, two hinge deployed configurations are same
To one end connect a solar panels, the other end of two hinge deployed configurations connects another solar panels, two hinges expansion
Structure is used in parallel, the bonding strength after being capable of increasing the expansion stability of solar panels, and expansion.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, is merely illustrative for the utility model, and
It is unrestricted.Those skilled in the art understand that can be to it in the spirit and scope defined by the utility model claims
Many changes, modifications, and even equivalents are carried out, but all will fall within the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of shape memory unfolding mechanism, which is characterized in that including expanding unit (1), the expanding unit (1) is remembered by shape
Recall polymer material to be made, the expanding unit (1) is beanpod rod-type.
2. shape memory unfolding mechanism as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the expanding unit (1) is hollow structure,
The both ends of the expanding unit (1) connect.
3. shape memory unfolding mechanism as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the thickness of expanding unit (1) side wall
Within the scope of 0.5-1.5mm.
4. shape memory unfolding mechanism as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the shape-memory polymer includes epoxy
Class or cyanate shape-memory polymer resin.
5. shape memory unfolding mechanism as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that contain increasing in the shape-memory polymer
Strong material, the reinforcing material include fibre reinforced composites and/or particulate reinforced composite.
6. shape memory unfolding mechanism as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the reinforcing material includes at least a kind of fibre
Dimension enhancing composite material, the fibre reinforced composites ply stacking angle are Orthogonal Symmetric laying or angle symmetric layups, ply angle
Degree includes 0 °, 45 ° or 90 °.
7. shape memory unfolding mechanism as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that it further include heating device, the heating dress
It sets and is driven using outer patch heating film, the heating of embedded resistors silk, the heating of outer painting conducting resinl, sunlight irradiation, ultraviolet light driving, magnetic field
Dynamic or microwave-driven one or more combination heats the expanding unit (1).
8. shape memory unfolding mechanism as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the heating device includes heating film, institute
Heating film is stated by polyimides double-sided adhesive resistant to high temperature or acrylic acid sticking double faced adhesive tape resistant to high temperature in the expanding unit (1)
Surface.
9. shape memory unfolding mechanism as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the expanding unit (1) is symmetrical beans
Pod is rod-shaped；The expanding unit (1) is spliced by two and half pod-like parts, and uses identical shape memory in stitching portion
Polymer bonding solidification or the expanding unit (1) are using the fiber solidifying molding of integration laying.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201821827576.5U CN209441680U (en) | 2018-11-07 | 2018-11-07 | A kind of shape memory unfolding mechanism |
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| CN201821827576.5U CN209441680U (en) | 2018-11-07 | 2018-11-07 | A kind of shape memory unfolding mechanism |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109204885A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of shape memory unfolding mechanism |
| CN111323987A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-06-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Space expandable shading structure |
| CN113636113A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-12 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Multi-angle self-shooting system |
-
2018
- 2018-11-07 CN CN201821827576.5U patent/CN209441680U/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109204885A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of shape memory unfolding mechanism |
| CN109204885B (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2024-01-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Shape memory unfolding mechanism |
| CN111323987A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-06-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Space expandable shading structure |
| CN111323987B (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2021-06-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Space expandable shading structure |
| CN113636113A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-12 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Multi-angle self-shooting system |
| CN113636113B (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2023-08-22 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Multi-angle self-timer system |
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