CN209418982U - The mean power and extinction ratio control circuit of semiconductor laser - Google Patents
The mean power and extinction ratio control circuit of semiconductor laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN209418982U CN209418982U CN201920025119.2U CN201920025119U CN209418982U CN 209418982 U CN209418982 U CN 209418982U CN 201920025119 U CN201920025119 U CN 201920025119U CN 209418982 U CN209418982 U CN 209418982U
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Abstract
It include laser, semiconductor laser device driving circuit, backlight diode, reference current source, average power control loop, extinction ratio control loop, power control logic circuit and digital analog converter the utility model discloses a kind of semiconductor laser average power control loop and extinction ratio control loop, the input signal of the semiconductor laser device driving circuit is that a pair of of difference modes data-signal and a pair of of difference modes happen suddenly and enable forbidden energy signal；The utility model uses dual loop power control circuit structure, power control logic circuit is according to average power feedback signal and extinction ratio feedback signal, bias current and modulation electric current are adjusted, so that Output optical power and extinction ratio reach target value, circuit is stable, high reliablity.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to semiconductor laser more particularly to a kind of semiconductor laser average power control loop and
Extinction ratio control loop.
Background technique
Semiconductor laser is as important luminescent device, since modulation efficiency is high, high frequency characteristics is good, tuning is convenient, nothing
It needs to freeze, is the perfect light source of fiber optic communication.Semiconductor laser is there are mainly two types of structure: edge-emitting lasers and vertical
Cavity surface emitting lasers.Edge-emitting lasers, are divided into distributed feedback type laser and Fabry-Perot (FB) type swashs
Light device.Wherein distributed feedback type laser has good signal-to-noise ratio, faster operating rate and higher luminous efficiency, leads to
It is commonly used in long range high speed transmission network, and FP laser is using a kind of more universal laser, but its high frequency response
Slowly, luminous efficiency is low, is normally used in short-distance link net.Vertical cavity surface emitting laser is compared in commercialization in recent years
Mature new laser, it has the advantages that production cost is low, modulation efficiency is high, and especially short wavelength 850nm VCSEL is short
It is widely used in fibre system.
Semiconductor laser is the luminescent device driven by electric current, only when bias current value is greater than threshold current,
Semiconductor laser can just shine.Regrettably, the threshold current of semiconductor laser and luminous efficiency can be with temperature and service life
Variation.The threshold current of semiconductor laser significantly increases as the temperature rises, and luminous efficiency can be as the temperature rises
And it reduces.The drift of threshold current for semiconductor lasers and luminous efficiency brings very big inconvenience to its application.In order to overcome these
Disadvantage, it is necessary to output power be controlled, be able to maintain that the work of laser on correct operating point.
Semiconductor laser is ideal light source, but is influenced by temperature change and device aging very big.On how to
Eliminating mean power and extinction ratio is influenced with device aging by varying with temperature, at present existing monocycle APC, K factor compensation, double
The methods of ring APC compensation.
Photodiode has good temperature, aging compared to semiconductor laser and stablizes transfer characteristic, and APC utilizes photoelectricity
The Output optical power of laser is converted to electric current proportional thereto by diode, and electric current passes through resistance RFAfterwards, be converted to it is defeated
The directly proportional voltage signal of average light power out.The voltage signal and reference voltage VREFControl voltage is generated after amplifier
VB, VBControl the bias current I of semiconductor laser device driving circuitBIAS.Therefore, output average light power is under control.Monocycle
APC compensation method is also referred to as average power control loop, since photodiode only needs to acquire output average light power,
Inexpensive photodiode is just able to satisfy the demand of the design at a slow speed.However, the circuit only passes through a feedback loop compensation partially
Electric current is set, without Compensation Modulation electric current.If threshold value is the unique parameters that laser is influenced by temperature change and aging,
This method is very perfect.However, the luminous efficiency of laser will also be influenced by temperature and aging in real work.Monocycle
APC compensation circuit can not solve the problems, such as luminous efficiency as temperature is with the influence of temperature and aging.
K factor compensation method be bias current variation when, in proportion increase or reduce modulation electric current.Its thinking is such as
Under: average light power is exported to stablize, bias current is controlled by monocycle APC.When bias current increases, circuit extraction biased electrical
A part of stream is used to adjust modulation electric current.Therefore, the modulation electric current after adjusting is equal to former modulation electric current plus bias current
Multiplied by a factor K.The theoretical premise that this method is capable of normal regulating is that the variation of threshold value and the variation of luminous efficiency is approximate
For linear relationship, in the concrete realization, the selection of the K parameter of laser directly influences the feasibility of modulation current compensation.By
It is all different in the optimum k value of the discreteness of laser device parameter, every laser, in order to reach compensation effect, need for
Suitable K value is arranged in each laser.Therefore, K factor compensation method does not have the feasibility of large-scale production.
Bicyclic APC compensation scheme utilizes the optical signal of the rear mirror surface transmitting of photodiode acquisition laser resonant cavity and turns
It is changed to output electric current, output signal is fed to the dc amplifier A of low drifting1With broadband AC amplifier A2。A1Output letter
Number with laser transmitting average light power PavIt is proportional, A2Output signal be sent to respectively positive peak wave detector and negative peak inspection
Wave device, positive peak wave detector is by SD1And C3Composition, A3Output signal ratio in Pmax-Pav；Negative peak wave detector is by SD2And C4
Composition, A4Export ratio and Pav-Pmin.Therefore, amplifier A5Output and Pmax-PminProportional, i.e., ratio is in light pulse
Amplitude.A6According to Pmax-PminThe amplitude I of control modulation electric currentm, thus the amplitude of stable laser output optical pulse.Amplifier A1
And A4Output as A7Input, A7Export ratio in A1And A4Difference Pmin, A8According to PminControl bias current I0, thus
Guarantee the optimum position of laser bias current.Currently, bicyclic APC feedback loop mainly drives in continuous mode semiconductor laser
Among dynamic circuit, still, the response time is longer, can not be applied in burst mode semiconductor laser device driving circuit.
Utility model content
Purpose of utility model: in view of the problems of the existing technology, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of semiconductors
Laser average power control loop and extinction ratio control loop, for detecting the mean power of semiconductor laser simultaneously and disappearing
Light realizes the control to mean power and extinction ratio, so that the work of laser maintains on correct operating point than size.
Technical solution: a kind of semiconductor laser average power control loop and extinction ratio control loop, including laser,
Semiconductor laser device driving circuit, backlight diode, reference current source, average power control loop, extinction ratio control loop, function
Rate control logic circuit and digital analog converter, the input signal of the semiconductor laser device driving circuit are a pair of of difference modes number
It is believed that number and a pair of of difference modes happen suddenly enabled forbidden energy signal；Power control logic circuit is produced according to average power control loop
The extinction ratio feedback signal that raw average power feedback signal and extinction ratio control loop generate, adjusts bias current and modulation
Electric current, so that Output optical power and extinction ratio reach target value.
Specifically, the average power control loop includes trans-impedance amplifier TIA1, variable gain amplifier VGA1, filtering
Device FIL1 and first integral comparator.Reference current source IREFIt through sending data signal modulation, while including DC current and exchange
Electric current, backlight diode generates monitoring current according to the transmitting optical power of laser, with reference current source IREFIt compares, error
Electric current inputs trans-impedance amplifier TIA1；The trans-impedance amplifier TIA1 output end voltage input variable gain amplifier VGA1 with
The cascade circuit that filter FIL1 is constituted generates feedback voltage signal, inputs first integral comparator, generates average power feedback
Signal.
Further, the extinction ratio control loop includes trans-impedance amplifier TIA1, variable gain amplifier VGA1, filtering
Device FIL1, trans-impedance amplifier TIA2, variable gain amplifier VGA2, filter FIL2, signal selecting circuit and second integral ratio
Compared with device.Reference current source IREFIt through sending data signal modulation, while including DC current and alternating current, backlight diode root
Monitoring current is generated according to the transmitting optical power of laser, with reference current source IREFIt compares, error current inputs trans-impedance amplifier
TIA1；What the output end voltage input variable gain amplifier VGA1 and filter FIL1 of the trans-impedance amplifier TIA1 was constituted
Cascade circuit generates feedback voltage signal；By the dummy current source I for sending data modulationDUMThrough trans-impedance amplifier TIA2,
The cascade circuit that variable gain amplifier VGA2 and filter FIL2 is constituted generates control voltage signal；The feedback voltage letter
Number and control voltage signal input signal selection circuit, generate extinction ratio feedback voltage signal；Extinction ratio feedback voltage signal is defeated
Enter second integral comparator, generates extinction ratio feedback signal.
Beneficial effect
Compared to the prior art, the utility model uses dual loop power control circuit structure, power control logic circuit root
According to average power feedback signal and extinction ratio feedback signal, bias current and modulation electric current are adjusted, so that Output optical power and disappearing
Light ratio reaches target value, and circuit is stable, high reliablity.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is monocycle APC compensation circuit；
Fig. 2 is bicyclic APC compensation circuit；
Fig. 3 is the compensation scheme of monocycle APC and temperature lookup table；
Fig. 4 is burst mode semiconductor laser average power control loop and extinction ratio control loop；
Fig. 5 extinction ratio control loop schematic illustration.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 it is the compensation scheme of monocycle APC, is illustrated in figure 2 bicyclic APC compensation scheme.It dashes forward for current
The control of mode semiconductor lasers mean power and extinction ratio demand for control are sent out, generallys use monocycle APC and temperature lookup at present
The compensation scheme of table, as shown in figure 3, bias current is compensated using closed loop APC or Open loop temperature look-up table two ways, modulation electricity
Stream takes Open loop temperature look-up table mode to compensate.Closed loop compensation is using digital power control ring, digital power control ring master
It will be by closed loop controller, analog-digital converter ADC2, bias current digital analog converter BIAS_DAC and driving circuit (Driver) group
At.After the average light power of laser LD is coupled as proportional electric current by photodiode PD, analog-digital converter ADC2 should
Electric current is converted to digital signal, and closed loop controller adjusts the size of BIAS_DAC according to the output digit signals of ADC2, to reach
To the purpose of power compensation.Open-loop compensation is by temperature sensor, analog-digital converter ADC1, look-up table, modulation current D-A conversion
Device MOD_DAC, bias current digital analog converter BIAS_DAC and driving circuit (Driver) composition.To modulate open current loop benefit
For repaying, firstly, temperature sensor acquires environment temperature and converts it to corresponding voltage signal, ADC1 believes analog voltage
Number digital signal is converted to, input value of the digital signal as look-up table finds modulation current offset values at this temperature and adjust
Whole MOD_DAC, to achieve the purpose that power control.However, the control program that monocycle APC and temperature lookup table combine, nothing
Method solves the problems, such as that semiconductor laser ageing influences extinction ratio, generates to the reliability of optical fiber telecommunications system in fiber to the home
Detrimental effect.
The utility model proposes semiconductor laser average power control loop and extinction ratio control loop, structure as scheme
Shown in 4.It mainly include semiconductor laser device driving circuit (Driver), reference current source (IREF), the first trans-impedance amplifier
(TIA1), the second trans-impedance amplifier (TIA2), two variable gain amplifiers (VGA), two filters (Fil), signal behaviors
Circuit (MUX), integral contrast device (∑ Comp), power control logic circuit (Power control logic) and digital-to-analogue conversion
Device (DAC).The input signal of the semiconductor laser device driving circuit be a pair of of difference modes data-signal (being denoted as TX+/TX-) with
And a pair of of difference modes happens suddenly enabled forbidden energy signal (being denoted as BEN+/BEN-).
Reference current source includes DC current and alternating current by sending data signal modulation.Backlight diode
(MPD) monitoring current is generated according to the transmitting optical power of laser (LD), compared with reference current source, error current input
The input terminal and output end voltage input integral comparator of TIA1, TIA1 generate average power feedback signal, constitute mean power
Control loop (APC loop).The input terminal and output end voltage of TIA1 passes through signal selector (MUX), then input integral compares
Device generates extinction ratio feedback signal, constitutes extinction ratio control loop (ERC loop).Meanwhile by sending data modulation
Dummy current source IDUMBy trans-impedance amplifier TIA2, generates data selector and control signal.Power control logic circuit according to
Average power feedback signal and extinction ratio feedback signal adjust bias current and modulation electric current, so that Output optical power and delustring
Than reaching target value, the power control system of closed loop is constituted.The dual loop power control circuit structure is simple, high reliablity.
The technical solution of the utility model is described in further detail below with reference to embodiment.
The Output optical power of semiconductor laser is
Plaser=η (IBIAS-ITH)+TX·ηIMOD (1)
In formula: PlaserFor semiconductor laser transmitting optical power；IBIASElectric current is exported for biasing circuit；IMODFor modulation electricity
Road exports electric current；ITHFor threshold current for semiconductor lasers；η is the transfer efficiency of semiconductor laser, unit W/mA； TX
To send data, size is 0 or 1.
Due to the Output optical power and I of laserMPDHave certain proportionate relationship, can obtain
IMPD=ρ Plaser (2)
In formula: IMPDIt is backlight diode output electric current；ρ is backlight diode transfer efficiency, unit mA/W.By formula
(1) formula (2) are substituted into, can obtained
IMPD=η ρ [(IBIAS-ITH)+TX·IMOD] (3)
By formula (3) as it can be seen that the bias current of semiconductor laser device driving circuit and modulation electric current and backlight diode are defeated
Electric current is linear out.Can by setting power control circuit in reference current MON_DAC come realize Output optical power and
Extinction ratio control.
Abbreviation formula (3), obtains
IMPD=IM_B+TX·IM_M (4)
In formula: IM_BIt is defined as bias current and is converted to corresponding monitoring current, i.e. η ρ (IBIAS-ITH)；IM_MIt is defined as adjusting
Electric current processed is converted to corresponding monitoring current, i.e. η ρ IMOD。
Reference current is set by power control logic, and size is
IREF=IR_B+TX·IR_M (5)
In formula: IREFFor benchmark electric current；IR_BFor without the DC current for sending data modulation；IR_MFor by sending data
Electric current after modulation.Formula (4) subtracts formula (5), can obtain
IERR=(IM_B-IR_B)+TX·(IM_M-IR_M) (6)
In formula: IERRFor the error current of monitoring current and reference current.
Average power control loop:
It is pseudo noise code due to sending data in PON system, in a longer period of time, it is believed that send 0 He in data
1 number is identical.Therefore, it is by the average light power size that formula (1) can obtain laser transmission
In formula: PAVGIt is laser transmitting average light power.The output average light power of laser mainly by bias current and
Size of current is modulated to determine.
In Fig. 4, average power control loop includes trans-impedance amplifier TIA1, variable gain amplifier VGA1, filter
FIL1 and first integral comparator.Variable gain amplifier VGA1 amplifies trans-impedance amplifier TIA1 input and output voltage, output letter
Number by filtering, retain send pseudo-random code stream in low frequency signal.Input of the filter output voltage as integral contrast device
Signal, to detect backlight diode current direct current component and reference current direct current component difference.
For average power control loop, trans-impedance amplifier TIA1 input and output voltage pressure difference passes through variable gain amplifier
VGA1 and filter, input integral comparator can obtain
In formula: A is voltage amplifier gain, VC,AVCapacitor C when for average power detectionPOWUpper voltage；T is integral contrast
Device clock signal period；gmFor the mutual conductance of trsanscondutance amplifier A1；RFIt is trans-impedance amplifier across resistance；FVGAFor variable gain amplifier
Transfer function, FFILFor filter transfer function.Formula (7) are substituted into formula (8), can be obtained
Since within the scope of longer time, 0 is identical with 1 number.Therefore, formula (9) is
Compare VC,AVWith with reference voltage VREFSize, output average light power and target light power relation can be obtained,
And adjusting bias current according to formula (10) makes Output optical power reach target value.Work as VC,AV>VREFWhen, output signal 1 is said
Bright average light power is bigger than normal, and logical power control circuit reduces bias current IBIAS；Work as VC,AV<VREFWhen, output signal 0 is said
Bright average light power is less than normal, and power logic circuitry increases bias current IBIAS.As can be seen that average power control loop stabilizes
The average light power that laser is sent.
Extinction ratio control loop:
In passive optical network communication system, extinction ratio be defined as semiconductor laser device driving circuit send data 1 when
The ratio of Output optical power when Output optical power and transmission 0, i.e.,
In formula: IR is laser output extinction ratio, P1Output optical power when to send data 1, P0It is defeated when to send data 0
Light power.Formula (2) are substituted into formula (11), can be obtained
Therefore, the extinction ratio of semiconductor laser is adjusted, it can be by adjusting modulation electric current and bias current.Extinction ratio control
Loop processed is started to work after the completion of average power adjustments.In Fig. 4, extinction ratio control loop increases signal selecting circuit,
The mirror image control signal that Dummy circuit generates makes a choice to two output ports of filter and the connection of integral contrast device.Letter
Number selection circuit working principle is as shown in Figure 5.
In Fig. 5, IREFFor benchmark electric current, generated by the output electric current of input signal driving power control circuit setting.IMPD
Electric current is exported for backlight diode, the two current directions are opposite.After mean power circuit stability, reference current and backlight two
Pole pipe electric current mean value is equal, i.e. IM_B+1/2IM_M=IR_B+1/2IR_M。VRFFor input terminal and output end on trans-impedance amplifier TIA1
Voltage signal pressure difference, VERFor signal selecting circuit output voltage.
When laser transmission optical signal extinction ratio is bigger than normal, then I when sending data 0MPDLess than IREF, when sending data 1
IMPDGreater than IREF.It can be seen that trans-impedance amplifier input port and output port voltage difference VRFPolarity follow transmission data
Signal overturning.Signal selecting circuit connect trans-impedance amplifier with the port of integral contrast device and has made adjustment.When transmission data 0
When, trans-impedance amplifier input terminal connects integral contrast device VP+Input terminal, trans-impedance amplifier output end connect integral contrast device VN-It is defeated
Enter end；When sending data 1, trans-impedance amplifier input terminal connects integral contrast device VN-Port, the connection of trans-impedance amplifier output end
Integral contrast device VP+Port.Feedback voltage VRFBecome the input signal of integral contrast device after signal selecting circuit, as
VER.As can be seen that integral contrast device input signal is no longer related with data are sent, it is only related with extinction ratio size.Signal behavior
Circuit, which logically realizes, sends data and the polar inclusive OR operation of error current.Therefore,
In formula: VC,ERCapacitor C in integral contrast device when being detected for extinction ratioPOWUpper voltage.Formula (6) are substituted into formula
(13), it obtains
Compare VC,ERWith VREFOutput laser extinction ratio and target extinction ratio relationship can be obtained in size.Work as VC,ER>VREFWhen,
Output signal is 1, illustrates that extinction ratio is bigger than normal, and formula (7) value is constant, i.e., mean power is constant meeting for power control logic circuit
Under conditions of, increase modulation electric current, reduces bias current；Work as VC,ER<VREFWhen, output signal 0 illustrates that extinction ratio is less than normal, function
Rate control logic meet mean power it is constant under conditions of, reduce modulation electric current, increase bias current.It can be seen that delustring
Than control loop in the case where keeping mean power constant, extinction ratio circuit control function is completed.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of semiconductor laser mean power and extinction ratio control loop, it is characterised in that: swash including laser, semiconductor
Light device driving circuit, backlight diode, reference current source, average power control loop, extinction ratio control loop, power control are patrolled
Volume circuit and digital analog converter, the input signal of the semiconductor laser device driving circuit be a pair of of difference modes data-signal with
And a pair of of difference modes happens suddenly and enables forbidden energy signal；Power control logic circuit is averaged according to what average power control loop generated
The extinction ratio feedback signal that power feedback signal and extinction ratio control loop generate adjusts bias current and modulation electric current, makes
It obtains Output optical power and extinction ratio reaches target value.
2. semiconductor laser mean power according to claim 1 and extinction ratio control loop, it is characterised in that: described
Average power control loop includes trans-impedance amplifier TIA1, variable gain amplifier VGA1, filter FIL1 and first integral ratio
Compared with device.
3. semiconductor laser mean power according to claim 2 and extinction ratio control loop, it is characterised in that: benchmark
Current source IREFIt through sending data signal modulation, while including DC current and alternating current, backlight diode is according to laser
Emit optical power and generate monitoring current, with reference current source IREFIt compares, error current inputs trans-impedance amplifier TIA1；It is described
The cascade circuit that the output end voltage input variable gain amplifier VGA1 and filter FIL1 of trans-impedance amplifier TIA1 is constituted, it is raw
At feedback voltage signal, first integral comparator is inputted, generates average power feedback signal.
4. semiconductor laser mean power according to claim 1 and extinction ratio control loop, it is characterised in that: described
Extinction ratio control loop includes trans-impedance amplifier TIA1, variable gain amplifier VGA1, filter FIL1, trans-impedance amplifier
TIA2, variable gain amplifier VGA2, filter FIL2, signal selecting circuit and second integral comparator.
5. semiconductor laser mean power according to claim 4 and extinction ratio control loop, it is characterised in that: benchmark
Current source IREFIt through sending data signal modulation, while including DC current and alternating current, backlight diode is according to laser
Emit optical power and generate monitoring current, with reference current source IREFIt compares, error current inputs trans-impedance amplifier TIA1；It is described
The cascade circuit that the output end voltage input variable gain amplifier VGA1 and filter FIL1 of trans-impedance amplifier TIA1 is constituted, it is raw
At feedback voltage signal；By the dummy current source I for sending data modulationDUMAmplify through trans-impedance amplifier TIA2, variable gain
The cascade circuit that device VGA2 and filter FIL2 is constituted generates control voltage signal；The feedback voltage signal and control voltage
Signal input signal selection circuit generates extinction ratio feedback voltage signal；Extinction ratio feedback voltage signal inputs second integral ratio
Compared with device, extinction ratio feedback signal is generated.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109830887A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-05-31 | 淮阴工学院 | Semiconductor laser average power control loop and extinction ratio control loop |
| CN111600197A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-08-28 | 索尔思光电（成都）有限公司 | Light-emitting power monitoring and APC control circuit and method based on EA photocurrent |
| CN112104424A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-12-18 | 南京捷澳德信息科技有限公司 | High-temperature extinction ratio optimization method for 5G forward-transmission industrial-grade optical module |
| US20240036392A1 (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2024-02-01 | Tcl China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. | Backlight driving circuit and display device |
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2019
- 2019-01-08 CN CN201920025119.2U patent/CN209418982U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109830887A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-05-31 | 淮阴工学院 | Semiconductor laser average power control loop and extinction ratio control loop |
| CN109830887B (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2024-02-23 | 淮阴工学院 | Average power and extinction ratio control circuit of semiconductor laser |
| CN111600197A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-08-28 | 索尔思光电（成都）有限公司 | Light-emitting power monitoring and APC control circuit and method based on EA photocurrent |
| CN111600197B (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2023-03-31 | 索尔思光电（成都）有限公司 | Light-emitting power monitoring and APC control circuit and method based on EA photocurrent |
| CN112104424A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-12-18 | 南京捷澳德信息科技有限公司 | High-temperature extinction ratio optimization method for 5G forward-transmission industrial-grade optical module |
| CN112104424B (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2022-04-01 | 南京捷澳德信息科技有限公司 | High-temperature extinction ratio optimization method for 5G forward-transmission industrial-grade optical module |
| US20240036392A1 (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2024-02-01 | Tcl China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. | Backlight driving circuit and display device |
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Assignee: Huai'an ideological and Technological Development Co.,Ltd. Assignor: HUAIYIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Contract record no.: X2020980009142 Denomination of utility model: Control circuit of average power and extinction ratio of semiconductor laser Granted publication date: 20190920 License type: Common License Record date: 20201210 |
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Granted publication date: 20190920 Termination date: 20210108 |