CN209364285U - Eight-axis mirror polishing machine tool - Google Patents
Eight-axis mirror polishing machine tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN209364285U CN209364285U CN201822244377.8U CN201822244377U CN209364285U CN 209364285 U CN209364285 U CN 209364285U CN 201822244377 U CN201822244377 U CN 201822244377U CN 209364285 U CN209364285 U CN 209364285U
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Abstract
一种八轴镜面抛光机床,涉及机床设备技术领域。本实用新型解决了现有的抛光机床在抛光过程中大多为手工抛光或敞开式半自动抛光,质量难以管控,且其产生的粉尘不仅容易造成电气元件短路,还严重危害操作者的健康的问题。抛轮的外部罩设有抛轮罩,所述抛轮罩上开设有喷蜡窗口及第一出尘口,抛轮罩顶部设置有喷蜡装置,且所述喷蜡装置通过喷蜡窗口向抛轮喷射液体蜡,所述壳体上设置有若干观察窗口及第二出尘口,且壳体的前侧壁下部开设有工件出入口,所述第一出尘口与所述第二出尘口之间设置有软管且通过所述软管连通,所述夹具总成包括公转平台及固设在公转平台上方的四个自转夹具,所述公转平台沿水平方向转动设置在底座上。
An eight-axis mirror polishing machine tool relates to the technical field of machine tools. The utility model solves the problem that the existing polishing machine tools are mostly manual polishing or open semi-automatic polishing in the polishing process, the quality is difficult to control, and the dust generated not only easily causes short circuit of electrical components, but also seriously endangers the health of operators. The outer cover of the throwing wheel is provided with a throwing wheel cover, which is provided with a wax spray window and a first dust outlet, and the top of the throwing wheel cover is provided with a wax spray device, and the wax spray device passes through the wax spray window to The throwing wheel sprays liquid wax, and the casing is provided with a number of observation windows and a second dust outlet, and the lower part of the front side wall of the casing is provided with a workpiece inlet and outlet, and the first dust outlet and the second dust outlet A hose is provided between the ports and communicates through the hose. The clamp assembly includes a revolution platform and four self-rotating clamps fixed above the revolution platform. The revolution platform is installed on the base in a horizontal direction.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及一种抛光机床,具体涉及一种八轴镜面抛光机床。The utility model relates to a polishing machine tool, in particular to an eight-axis mirror polishing machine tool.
背景技术Background technique
目前,产品表面处理大多会选用抛光处理,但是现有技术中抛光机床大多存在如下问题:At present, the surface treatment of products mostly adopts polishing treatment, but most of the polishing machine tools in the prior art have the following problems:
抛光过程中产生的粉尘,严重的危害操作者的健康;The dust generated during the polishing process seriously endangers the health of the operator;
抛光过程大多为手工抛光或敞开式半自动抛光,质量难以管控;The polishing process is mostly manual polishing or open semi-automatic polishing, and the quality is difficult to control;
抛光条件不恒定,抛光液体蜡需要根据操作者的经验添加,没有规律可循;The polishing conditions are not constant, and the polishing liquid wax needs to be added according to the experience of the operator, and there is no rule to follow;
设备使用率较低,机器准备时间很长,不能实现机器连续工作;The utilization rate of the equipment is low, the preparation time of the machine is very long, and the continuous operation of the machine cannot be realized;
抛光过程中不能实现工件的自转;The rotation of the workpiece cannot be realized during the polishing process;
抛轮过大,输出轴扭矩不足,会造成皮带打滑或抛盘与输出轴打滑而停止工作;If the throwing wheel is too large and the torque of the output shaft is insufficient, it will cause the belt to slip or the throwing disc and the output shaft will slip and stop working;
电气元件经常会因为粉尘的引入,而产生短路现象;Electrical components are often short-circuited due to the introduction of dust;
抛光过程中的粉尘不能密闭在独立空间且不会回收;The dust during the polishing process cannot be sealed in a separate space and will not be recycled;
抛光过程中机器震颤,不能达到镜面效果。The machine vibrates during the polishing process, and the mirror effect cannot be achieved.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型是为了解决现有的抛光机床在抛光过程中大多为手工抛光或敞开式半自动抛光,质量难以管控,且其产生的粉尘不仅容易造成电气元件短路,还严重危害操作者的健康的问题,进而提供了一种八轴镜面抛光机床。The utility model aims to solve the problem that most of the existing polishing machine tools are manual polishing or open semi-automatic polishing in the polishing process, the quality is difficult to control, and the dust generated not only easily causes short circuit of electrical components, but also seriously endangers the health of operators , and further provides an eight-axis mirror polishing machine tool.
本实用新型为解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案是:The technical scheme that the utility model adopts for solving the problems of the technologies described above is:
一种八轴镜面抛光机床,它包括机床主体及罩设在机床主体外部的壳体,所述机床主体包括安装架、主轴电机、主轴变速箱、抛轮、抛轮安装轴、X轴驱动机构、Y轴驱动机构、Z轴驱动机构、夹具总成及底座,其中Y轴驱动机构、Z轴驱动机构及X轴驱动机构由上到下依次设置且均设置在安装架与底座之间,所述主轴电机及主轴变速箱分别固接在安装架水平方向上的两端部,抛轮与主轴变速箱的输出轴通过抛轮安装轴固接,主轴电机与主轴变速箱通过带传动连接,抛轮通过固接在安装架下方的Y轴驱动机构沿水平方向前后滑动设置,Y轴驱动机构的下部通过Z轴驱动机构沿竖直方向滑动设置,Z轴驱动机构通过X轴驱动机构沿水平方向左右滑动设置在底座上;抛轮的外部罩设有抛轮罩,所述抛轮罩上开设有喷蜡窗口及第一出尘口,抛轮罩顶部设置有喷蜡装置,且所述喷蜡装置通过喷蜡窗口向抛轮喷射液体蜡,An eight-axis mirror polishing machine tool, which includes a main body of the machine tool and a housing covered outside the main body of the machine tool, the main body of the machine tool includes a mounting frame, a spindle motor, a spindle gearbox, a throwing wheel, a throwing wheel installation shaft, and an X-axis driving mechanism , Y-axis drive mechanism, Z-axis drive mechanism, fixture assembly and base, wherein the Y-axis drive mechanism, Z-axis drive mechanism and X-axis drive mechanism are arranged in sequence from top to bottom and are all arranged between the mounting frame and the base. The main shaft motor and the main shaft gearbox are respectively fixed at both ends of the mounting frame in the horizontal direction, the output shaft of the throwing wheel and the main shaft gearbox is fixed through the throwing wheel installation shaft, the main shaft motor and the main shaft gearbox are connected by a belt transmission, and the throwing wheel The wheel is set by sliding back and forth in the horizontal direction through the Y-axis drive mechanism fixed under the mounting frame. Sliding left and right is arranged on the base; the outer cover of the throwing wheel is provided with a throwing wheel cover, and the wax spraying window and the first dust outlet are opened on the throwing wheel cover, and a wax spraying device is arranged on the top of the throwing wheel cover, and the spraying wheel The wax device sprays liquid wax to the throwing wheel through the wax spray window,
所述壳体上设置有若干观察窗口及第二出尘口,且壳体的前侧壁下部开设有工件出入口,底座的前部上方沿竖直方向滑动设置有机床防护门,机床防护门与壳体配合形成封闭的罩体,所述第一出尘口与所述第二出尘口之间设置有软管且通过所述软管连通,The casing is provided with several observation windows and a second dust outlet, and the lower part of the front side wall of the casing is provided with a workpiece entrance and exit, and a machine tool protective door is slid along the vertical direction above the front of the base. The housing cooperates to form a closed cover, and a hose is provided between the first dust outlet and the second dust outlet and communicated through the hose,
所述夹具总成包括公转平台及固设在公转平台上方的四个自转夹具,所述公转平台沿水平方向转动设置在底座上。The fixture assembly includes a revolution platform and four self-rotating fixtures fixed above the revolution platform, and the revolution platform is rotatably arranged on the base along the horizontal direction.
进一步地,所述机床主体还包括X轴防尘罩、Y轴防尘罩及Z轴防尘罩,且X轴防尘罩、Y轴防尘罩及Z轴防尘罩均为伸缩防尘罩,所述安装架、主轴电机的输出轴、主轴变速箱及Y轴驱动机构均设置在Y轴防尘罩内部,所述抛轮罩固接在Y轴防尘罩侧壁上。Further, the machine tool body also includes an X-axis dust cover, a Y-axis dust cover and a Z-axis dust cover, and the X-axis dust cover, Y-axis dust cover and Z-axis dust cover are telescopic dust-proof Cover, the mounting frame, the output shaft of the spindle motor, the spindle gearbox and the Y-axis drive mechanism are all arranged inside the Y-axis dust cover, and the throwing wheel cover is fixedly connected to the side wall of the Y-axis dust cover.
进一步地,所述机床主体的下部还设置有工作台防尘罩且所述工作台防尘罩上竖直开设有通孔,所述公转平台位于工作台防尘罩内,所述通孔与公转平台上下正对设置。Further, the lower part of the main body of the machine tool is also provided with a workbench dust cover, and a through hole is vertically opened on the workbench dust cover, and the revolution platform is located in the workbench dust cover, and the through hole and The revolution platform is set facing up and down.
进一步地,所述X轴驱动机构包括X轴电机、X轴丝杠及X轴导轨,所述X轴电机通过X轴丝杠及X轴导轨驱动其上方的Z轴驱动机构沿水平方向作左右往复动作;所述Y轴驱动机构包括Y轴电机、Y轴丝杠及Y轴导轨,所述Y轴电机通过Y轴丝杠及Y轴导轨驱动其上方的安装架及抛轮沿水平方向作前后往复动作;所述Z轴驱动机构包括Z轴电机、Z轴丝杠及Z轴导轨,所述Z轴电机通过Z轴丝杠及Z轴导轨驱动其上方的Y轴驱动机构沿竖直方向作上下往复动作。Further, the X-axis driving mechanism includes an X-axis motor, an X-axis screw and an X-axis guide rail, and the X-axis motor drives the Z-axis driving mechanism above it to move left and right in the horizontal direction through the X-axis screw and the X-axis guide rail. Reciprocating action; the Y-axis driving mechanism includes a Y-axis motor, a Y-axis screw and a Y-axis guide rail, and the Y-axis motor drives the mounting frame and the throwing wheel above it to move in the horizontal direction through the Y-axis screw and the Y-axis guide rail. Back and forth reciprocating action; the Z-axis drive mechanism includes a Z-axis motor, a Z-axis screw and a Z-axis guide rail, and the Z-axis motor drives the Y-axis drive mechanism above it along the vertical direction through the Z-axis lead screw and the Z-axis guide rail. Do up and down reciprocating movements.
进一步地,所述抛轮及所述抛轮安装轴的数量均为两个,两个所述抛轮对应通过两个抛轮安装轴对称布置在主轴变速箱的两侧。Further, there are two throwing wheels and two throwing wheel installation shafts, and the two throwing wheels are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main shaft gearbox through the two throwing wheel installation axes.
进一步地,主轴电机与主轴变速箱的带传动为同步带传动。Further, the belt drive between the main shaft motor and the main shaft gearbox is a synchronous belt drive.
进一步地,底座下方均布有若干调平地脚。Further, a number of leveling feet are evenly distributed under the base.
进一步地,所述公转平台包括公转电机、水平且转动设置在底座上的支架以及水平固设在支架上方的圆形盖板,每个自转夹具均包括自转电机、竖直固设在自转电机输出端的自转减速器及固设在自转减速器上方的夹具主体,所述夹具主体位于支架上方,所述自转减速器由下到上依次竖直穿设在支架及圆形盖板上且与支架固接,所述圆形盖板的圆周方向加工有若干轮齿,公转电机的输出轴固设有齿轮,公转电机通过齿轮及圆形盖板驱动支架转动。Further, the revolving platform includes a revolving motor, a support horizontally and rotatably arranged on the base, and a circular cover plate horizontally fixed above the support. The rotation reducer at the end and the fixture main body fixed above the rotation reducer, the fixture main body is located above the bracket, and the rotation reducer is vertically installed on the bracket and the circular cover plate from bottom to top and fixed with the bracket Then, the circumferential direction of the circular cover plate is processed with several gear teeth, the output shaft of the revolving motor is fixed with a gear, and the revolving motor drives the bracket to rotate through the gear and the circular cover plate.
进一步地,所述自转电机上还装设有转速感应器。Further, a rotational speed sensor is also installed on the self-rotating motor.
进一步地,所述夹具主体包括安装座、定位台、两个装夹台、两个水平设置的第三气缸及四个滑轨,两个装夹台对称设置在定位台的两侧且分别通过两个第三气缸相对滑动设置,每个装夹台与其下方的安装座均通过平行设置的两个滑轨滑动连接,所述定位台上以及所述装夹台上均开设有若干基准孔和若干螺纹孔。Further, the fixture main body includes a mounting seat, a positioning platform, two clamping platforms, two horizontally arranged third cylinders and four slide rails, and the two clamping platforms are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the positioning platform and pass through the The two third cylinders are relatively slidingly arranged, and each clamping platform is slidingly connected with the mounting seat below it through two parallel slide rails, and several reference holes and Several threaded holes.
本实用新型与现有技术相比具有以下效果:Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following effects:
一、机床外壳能够保证抛光区域相对封闭;1. The shell of the machine tool can ensure that the polishing area is relatively closed;
二、在抛光过程中产生的粉尘在吸力的作用下通过抛轮罩上的第一出尘口、软管及壳体上的第二出尘口能够排出壳体,保证抛光过程中的粉尘能够迅速收集并快速抽离工作环境,将粉尘对人体的伤害降到最低且不会降低抛光表面参数;2. The dust generated during the polishing process can be discharged from the shell through the first dust outlet on the wheel cover, the hose and the second dust outlet on the shell under the action of suction, so as to ensure that the dust during the polishing process can Quickly collect and quickly extract away from the working environment to minimize the damage of dust to the human body without reducing the parameters of the polished surface;
三、通过X轴驱动机构、Y轴驱动机构、Z轴驱动机构、四个自转夹具及一个公转平台实现八轴动作。3. Eight-axis motion is realized through the X-axis drive mechanism, Y-axis drive mechanism, Z-axis drive mechanism, four self-rotating fixtures and one revolution platform.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型的立体结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present utility model;
图2为机床主体的第一立体结构示意图;Fig. 2 is the first three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of machine tool main body;
图3为机床主体的第二立体结构示意图;Fig. 3 is the second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of machine tool main body;
图4为机床主体的第三立体结构示意图;Fig. 4 is the third three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of machine tool main body;
图5为机床主体的第四立体结构示意图;Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the fourth three-dimensional structure of the main body of the machine tool;
图6为自转夹具的立体结构示意图;Fig. 6 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of rotation fixture;
图7为夹具主体的立体结构示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of the clamp main body.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
具体实施方式一:结合图1~7说明本实施方式,一种八轴镜面抛光机床,它包括机床主体1及罩设在机床主体1外部的壳体2,所述机床主体1包括安装架11、主轴电机12、主轴变速箱13、抛轮、抛轴安装轴15、X轴驱动机构16、Y轴驱动机构17、Z轴驱动机构18、夹具总成19及底座20,其中Y轴驱动机构17、Z轴驱动机构18及X轴驱动机构16由上到下依次设置且均设置在安装架11与底座20之间,所述主轴电机12及主轴变速箱13分别固接在安装架11水平方向上的两端部,抛轮与主轴变速箱13的输出轴通过抛轴安装轴15固接,主轴电机12与主轴变速箱13通过带传动21连接,抛轮通过固接在安装架11下方的Y轴驱动机构17沿水平方向前后滑动设置,Y轴驱动机构17的下部通过Z轴驱动机构18沿竖直方向滑动设置,Z轴驱动机构18通过X轴驱动机构16沿水平方向左右滑动设置在底座20上;抛轮的外部罩设有抛轮罩22,所述抛轮罩22上开设有喷蜡窗口22-1及第一出尘口22-2,抛轮罩22顶部设置有喷蜡装置23,且所述喷蜡装置23通过喷蜡窗口22-1向抛轮喷射液体蜡,Specific Embodiment 1: This embodiment is described in conjunction with FIGS. 1 to 7 , an eight-axis mirror polishing machine tool, which includes a machine tool body 1 and a housing 2 covering the outside of the machine tool body 1 , and the machine tool body 1 includes a mounting frame 11 , spindle motor 12, spindle gearbox 13, throwing wheel, throwing shaft installation shaft 15, X-axis drive mechanism 16, Y-axis drive mechanism 17, Z-axis drive mechanism 18, fixture assembly 19 and base 20, wherein the Y-axis drive mechanism 17. The Z-axis drive mechanism 18 and the X-axis drive mechanism 16 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom and are both arranged between the mounting frame 11 and the base 20. The spindle motor 12 and the spindle gearbox 13 are respectively fixed at the level of the mounting frame 11. At both ends in the direction, the throwing wheel and the output shaft of the main shaft gearbox 13 are affixed through the throwing shaft installation shaft 15, the main shaft motor 12 is connected with the main shaft gearbox 13 through a belt drive 21, and the throwing wheel is fixedly connected under the mounting frame 11 The Y-axis drive mechanism 17 is slid back and forth along the horizontal direction, the lower part of the Y-axis drive mechanism 17 is slid along the vertical direction through the Z-axis drive mechanism 18, and the Z-axis drive mechanism 18 is slid left and right along the horizontal direction through the X-axis drive mechanism 16. On the base 20; the outer cover of the throwing wheel is provided with a throwing wheel cover 22, and the throwing wheel cover 22 is provided with a wax spray window 22-1 and a first dust outlet 22-2, and the top of the throwing wheel cover 22 is provided with a spray Wax device 23, and said wax spray device 23 sprays liquid wax to the throwing wheel through the wax spray window 22-1,
所述壳体2上设置有若干观察窗口2-1及第二出尘口2-2,且壳体2的前侧壁下部开设有工件出入口2-3,底座20的前部上方沿竖直方向滑动设置有机床防护门2-4,机床防护门2-4与壳体2配合形成封闭的罩体,所述第一出尘口22-2与所述第二出尘口2-2之间设置有软管且通过所述软管连通,The housing 2 is provided with a number of observation windows 2-1 and a second dust outlet 2-2, and the lower part of the front side wall of the housing 2 is provided with a workpiece entrance 2-3, and the upper front of the base 20 is vertically A machine tool protective door 2-4 is provided for sliding in the direction, and the machine tool protective door 2-4 cooperates with the housing 2 to form a closed cover body. The first dust outlet 22-2 and the second dust outlet 2-2 A hose is arranged between and communicates through the hose,
所述夹具总成19包括公转平台19-1及固设在公转平台19-1上方的四个自转夹具19-2,所述公转平台19-1沿水平方向转动设置在底座20上。The fixture assembly 19 includes a revolving platform 19-1 and four self-rotating fixtures 19-2 fixed above the revolving platform 19-1, and the revolving platform 19-1 is installed on the base 20 to rotate along the horizontal direction.
机床外壳能够保证抛光区域相对封闭;第二出尘口2-2,在吸尘机器(如负压风机)的协助下能够快速将机床内部的粉尘吸出;若干观察窗口2-1均为透明窗口,用于机床正常工作时观察壳体2内部工作情况,在停机情况下能够轻松拆下也可以作为检修门;机床防护门2-4作为机床内外部交流的唯一出入口,该门落下状态下,能够将工件出入口2-3封堵住,该门升起状态下,不影响工件正常出入工件出入口2-3。机床防护门2-4与壳体2之间设置有密封条以保证壳体2内部的封闭,使用时该门必须放下,机床才能工作。The shell of the machine tool can ensure that the polishing area is relatively closed; the second dust outlet 2-2 can quickly suck out the dust inside the machine tool with the assistance of a vacuuming machine (such as a negative pressure fan); several observation windows 2-1 are transparent windows It is used to observe the internal working conditions of the shell 2 when the machine tool is working normally. It can be easily disassembled when the machine is stopped and can also be used as an inspection door; the machine tool protection door 2-4 is the only entrance and exit for the internal and external communication of the machine tool. The workpiece entrance and exit 2-3 can be blocked, and when the door is raised, the normal entry and exit of workpieces into and from the workpiece entrance and exit 2-3 is not affected. A sealing strip is provided between the machine guard door 2-4 and the housing 2 to ensure the sealing of the housing 2 inside, and the door must be put down during use so that the machine tool can work.
机床防护门2-4的上下动作通过第一气缸控制。The up and down movement of the machine tool protective door 2-4 is controlled by the first cylinder.
所述底座20包括支撑架及固接在支撑架上方的安装板,支撑架采用槽钢焊接、机械加工、热处理等工序加工而成,具有一定的吸震性。The base 20 includes a support frame and a mounting plate fixedly connected above the support frame. The support frame is processed by channel steel welding, machining, heat treatment and other processes, and has a certain degree of shock absorption.
在抛光过程中根据实际情况,确定蜡的使用量,喷蜡装置23能够根据编程要求,自动喷射液体蜡,且喷射高度能够自动调整,喷蜡装置23的高度调整通过第二气缸实现。In the polishing process, the amount of wax used is determined according to the actual situation. The wax spray device 23 can automatically spray liquid wax according to the programming requirements, and the spray height can be automatically adjusted. The height adjustment of the wax spray device 23 is realized by the second cylinder.
Y轴驱动机构17能够实现抛轮的前后移动,配合工件自转的情况下能够实现工件表面线速度恒定;所有导轨均采用贴塑工艺,耐磨性好,摩擦系数小;The Y-axis driving mechanism 17 can realize the forward and backward movement of the throwing wheel, and can realize the constant surface linear velocity of the workpiece under the condition of coordinating with the rotation of the workpiece; all the guide rails are made of plastic paste technology, which has good wear resistance and small friction coefficient;
Z轴驱动机构18能够实现抛轮的上下运动;The Z-axis driving mechanism 18 can realize the up and down movement of the throwing wheel;
通过主轴变速箱13提高抛轴安装轴15的输出扭矩,使抛轮能够获得较理想的抛光条件。The output torque of the throwing shaft installation shaft 15 is increased through the main shaft gearbox 13, so that the throwing wheel can obtain ideal polishing conditions.
抛轮通过抛轴安装轴15上的锁紧螺母保证在抛光过程中,抛轮不会出现打滑现象。The throwing wheel ensures that the throwing wheel will not slip during the polishing process through the locking nut on the throwing shaft installation shaft 15.
通过四个自转夹具19-2可以同时对四个工件进行装夹,通过其自转以及公转平台19-1实现依次抛光操作;对于体积相对较大的工件,也可以每两个自转夹具19-2装夹一个工件;对于体积更大的工件,还可以四个自转夹具19-2同时装夹一个工件。Four workpieces can be clamped at the same time through four self-rotating fixtures 19-2, and sequential polishing operations can be realized through their rotation and revolution platform 19-1; for relatively large workpieces, two self-rotating fixtures 19-2 can also be used One workpiece is clamped; for larger workpieces, four self-rotating fixtures 19-2 can also clamp a workpiece at the same time.
通过X轴、Y轴、Z轴、四个自转夹具19-2及一个公转平台19-1实现八轴动作。The eight-axis movement is realized through the X axis, the Y axis, the Z axis, four self-rotating fixtures 19-2 and one revolution platform 19-1.
第二出尘口2-2与负压风机连接实现负压抽尘。在抛光过程中产生的粉尘在吸力的作用下通过抛轮罩22上的第一出尘口22-2、软管及壳体2上的第二出尘口2-2能够排出壳体2,保证粉尘不会对抛光表面参数影响及对人身的伤害。The second dust outlet 2-2 is connected with a negative pressure fan to realize negative pressure dust extraction. The dust generated during the polishing process can be discharged from the housing 2 through the first dust outlet 22-2 on the wheel cover 22, the hose and the second dust outlet 2-2 on the housing 2 under the action of suction, Ensure that the dust will not affect the polishing surface parameters and cause personal injury.
一种八轴镜面抛光机床还包括分别设置在壳体2前部两侧的机床操作面板及机床系统面板,所述壳体2上还设置有电柜箱恒温空调3,壳体2内部设置有电器安装板4。机床操作面板域能够实现操作人员的一些手动操作(待加工区域夹具松开与加紧等);机床系统面板用于确定抛光过程中抛轮的线速度、工件的自转速度及抛轮与工件的距离等技术参数;电柜箱恒温空调3,该做法采用国际标准做法,使变频器5等重要元器件控制在20℃。电器安装板4用于放置机床所需要的电气元件。所述主轴电机12为步进电机,电器安装板4上安装有变频器5。步进电机为30KW步进电机,为抛轮提供动力,并且能够使抛轮获得足够的力矩,通过30KW变频器5,来控制步进电机的输出速度。An eight-axis mirror polishing machine tool also includes a machine tool operation panel and a machine tool system panel respectively arranged on both sides of the front part of the housing 2. The housing 2 is also provided with an electric cabinet box constant temperature air conditioner 3, and the inside of the housing 2 is provided with Electrical installation board4. The machine tool operation panel domain can realize some manual operations of the operator (clamp loosening and tightening in the area to be processed, etc.); the machine tool system panel is used to determine the linear speed of the polishing wheel, the rotation speed of the workpiece and the distance between the polishing wheel and the workpiece during the polishing process and other technical parameters; electric cabinet box constant temperature air conditioner 3, this method adopts the international standard method, so that the important components such as the frequency converter 5 are controlled at 20 °C. The electrical installation board 4 is used for placing the electrical components required by the machine tool. The main shaft motor 12 is a stepping motor, and a frequency converter 5 is installed on the electrical installation board 4 . The stepping motor is a 30KW stepping motor, which provides power for the throwing wheel, and can make the throwing wheel obtain enough torque, and controls the output speed of the stepping motor through a 30KW frequency converter 5 .
所述机床主体1还包括X轴防尘罩、Y轴防尘罩24及Z轴防尘罩25,且X轴防尘罩、Y轴防尘罩24及Z轴防尘罩25均为伸缩防尘罩,所述安装架11、主轴电机12的输出轴、主轴变速箱13及Y轴驱动机构17均设置在Y轴防尘罩24内部,所述抛轮罩22固接在Y轴防尘罩24侧壁上。通过设置可伸缩的防尘罩,确保X轴驱动机构16、Y轴驱动机构17、Z轴驱动机构18及其上的各部件在整个移动过程中都处于密闭状态,防止因抛光过程中产生的杂质进入各传动部件中而影响机床的使用寿命。The machine tool main body 1 also includes an X-axis dust cover, a Y-axis dust cover 24 and a Z-axis dust cover 25, and the X-axis dust cover, the Y-axis dust cover 24 and the Z-axis dust cover 25 are telescopic The dust cover, the output shaft of the mounting frame 11, the main shaft motor 12, the main shaft gearbox 13 and the Y-axis drive mechanism 17 are all arranged inside the Y-axis dust cover 24, and the throwing wheel cover 22 is fixed on the Y-axis anti-dust cover. On the dust cover 24 side walls. By arranging a retractable dust cover, it is ensured that the X-axis drive mechanism 16, the Y-axis drive mechanism 17, the Z-axis drive mechanism 18 and the parts thereon are all in a sealed state during the whole moving process, so as to prevent the Impurities enter the transmission parts and affect the service life of the machine tool.
所述机床主体1的下部还设置有工作台防尘罩26且所述工作台防尘罩26上竖直开设有通孔26-1,所述公转平台19-1位于工作台防尘罩26内,所述通孔26-1与公转平台19-1上下正对设置。由于镜面抛光过程中所产生的粉尘均为微米级,通过工作台防尘罩26实现对机床主体1上除X、Y、Z轴以外的其它部分的防尘。工作台防尘罩26上开设通孔26-1,防尘的同时保证公转平台19-1上的自转夹具19-2正常动作。The bottom of the machine tool body 1 is also provided with a workbench dust cover 26 and the workbench dust cover 26 is vertically provided with a through hole 26-1, and the revolution platform 19-1 is located at the workbench dust cover 26. Inside, the through hole 26-1 is set up and down opposite to the revolution platform 19-1. Since the dust generated during the mirror polishing process is in the micron order, the dustproofing of other parts of the machine tool body 1 except the X, Y, and Z axes is realized through the workbench dust cover 26 . A through hole 26-1 is provided on the workbench dust cover 26 to ensure the normal action of the rotation fixture 19-2 on the revolution platform 19-1 while being dustproof.
所述X轴驱动机构16包括X轴电机16-1、X轴丝杠及X轴导轨16-2,所述X轴电机16-1通过X轴丝杠及X轴导轨16-2驱动其上方的Z轴驱动机构18沿水平方向作左右往复动作;所述Y轴驱动机构17包括Y轴电机、Y轴丝杠及Y轴导轨17-1,所述Y轴电机通过Y轴丝杠及Y轴导轨17-1驱动其上方的安装架11及抛轮沿水平方向作前后往复动作;所述Z轴驱动机构18包括Z轴电机18-1、Z轴丝杠及Z轴导轨18-2,所述Z轴电机18-1通过Z轴丝杠及Z轴导轨18-2驱动其上方的Y轴驱动机构17沿竖直方向作上下往复动作。X轴电机16-1选用伺服电机,能够精确控制X轴的位移。The X-axis driving mechanism 16 includes an X-axis motor 16-1, an X-axis screw and an X-axis guide rail 16-2, and the X-axis motor 16-1 drives the upper part of the X-axis motor 16-1 through the X-axis screw and the X-axis guide rail 16-2. The Z-axis driving mechanism 18 reciprocates left and right along the horizontal direction; the Y-axis driving mechanism 17 includes a Y-axis motor, a Y-axis screw and a Y-axis guide rail 17-1, and the Y-axis motor passes through the Y-axis screw and the Y-axis The axis guide rail 17-1 drives the mounting frame 11 above it and the throwing wheel to reciprocate back and forth along the horizontal direction; the Z axis drive mechanism 18 includes a Z axis motor 18-1, a Z axis screw and a Z axis guide rail 18-2, The Z-axis motor 18-1 drives the Y-axis drive mechanism 17 above it to reciprocate up and down in the vertical direction through the Z-axis screw and the Z-axis guide rail 18-2. The X-axis motor 16-1 is a servo motor, which can accurately control the displacement of the X-axis.
所述抛轮及所述抛轴安装轴15的数量均为两个,两个所述抛轮对应通过两个抛轴安装轴15对称布置在主轴变速箱13的两侧。如此设计,使该机床主体1有两个加工工位,四个自转夹具19-2呈矩阵布置,每两个自转夹对应一个抛轮,便于对两个工件同时进行抛光操作。The number of the throwing wheel and the throwing shaft installation shaft 15 is two, and the two throwing wheels are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main shaft gearbox 13 through the two throwing shaft installation shafts 15 . Such a design makes the main body of the machine tool 1 have two processing stations, and the four autorotation fixtures 19-2 are arranged in a matrix, and every two autorotation fixtures correspond to a polishing wheel, which is convenient for polishing two workpieces at the same time.
主轴电机12与主轴变速箱13的带传动21为同步带传动21。如此设计,避免了皮带与带轮的打滑,使主轴转速更精确。The belt drive 21 between the spindle motor 12 and the spindle gearbox 13 is a synchronous belt drive 21 . Such a design avoids the slipping of the belt and the pulley and makes the spindle speed more accurate.
底座20下方均布有若干调平地脚27。在机床安装就位过程中,用于高速底座20平面的水平度,数量优选为六个。A number of leveling feet 27 are evenly distributed below the base 20 . During the installation process of the machine tool, it is used for the levelness of the plane of the high-speed base 20, and the number is preferably six.
所述公转平台19-1包括公转电机19-11、水平且转动设置在底座20上的支架19-12以及水平固设在支架19-12上方的圆形盖板19-13,每个自转夹具19-2均包括自转电机19-21、竖直固设在自转电机19-21输出端的自转减速器19-22及固设在自转减速器19-22上方的夹具主体19-23,所述夹具主体19-23位于支架19-12上方,所述自转减速器19-22由下到上依次竖直穿设在支架19-12及圆形盖板19-13上且与支架19-12固接,所述圆形盖板19-13的圆周方向加工有若干轮齿,公转电机19-11的输出轴固设有齿轮,公转电机19-11通过齿轮及圆形盖板19-13驱动支架19-12转动。公转平台19-1通过公转电机19-11驱动圆形盖板19-13及支架19-12转动,以实现其上自转夹具19-2的公转,切换加工区域与待加工区域,同时圆形盖板19-13还起到防尘的作用,即防止粉尘进入到其下方的自转电机19-21、自转减速器19-22及公转电机19-11内。四个自转电机19-21选用步进电机,电机初始转速较高,经减速器减速,能够实现较缓慢的绕自身轴线旋转;自转电机19-21为工件自转提供动力。The revolution platform 19-1 includes a revolution motor 19-11, a support 19-12 horizontally and rotatably arranged on the base 20, and a circular cover plate 19-13 horizontally fixed above the support 19-12, and each rotation fixture 19-2 all comprises autorotation motor 19-21, the autorotation reducer 19-22 that is vertically fixed on the output end of autorotation motor 19-21 and the fixture main body 19-23 that is fixed on the top of autorotation reducer 19-22, and described fixture The main body 19-23 is located above the bracket 19-12, and the rotation reducer 19-22 is installed vertically on the bracket 19-12 and the circular cover plate 19-13 from bottom to top, and is fixedly connected with the bracket 19-12 , the circumferential direction of the circular cover plate 19-13 is processed with some gear teeth, the output shaft of the revolving motor 19-11 is fixed with a gear, and the revolving motor 19-11 drives the bracket 19 through the gear and the circular cover plate 19-13 -12 turns. The revolution platform 19-1 drives the circular cover plate 19-13 and the support 19-12 to rotate through the revolution motor 19-11 to realize the revolution of the self-rotating fixture 19-2 on it, switch the processing area and the area to be processed, and the circular cover The plate 19-13 also plays a role of dust prevention, that is, to prevent dust from entering the rotation motor 19-21, the rotation reducer 19-22 and the revolution motor 19-11 below it. Four autorotation motors 19-21 select stepper motors for use, and the initial speed of the motors is relatively high, and after being decelerated by a reducer, it can realize slower rotation around its own axis; the autorotation motors 19-21 provide power for the workpiece rotation.
所述自转电机19-21上还装设有转速感应器19-24。转速感应器19-24能够实时监测工件的自转速度,弥补步进电机不能反馈速度的不足,反馈回来的信号,经系统处理,实时调整驱动器数据,从而能在线及时的控制工件自转速度。The rotation motor 19-21 is also equipped with a rotational speed sensor 19-24. The rotation speed sensors 19-24 can monitor the rotation speed of the workpiece in real time to make up for the inability of the stepper motor to feed back the speed. The feedback signal is processed by the system to adjust the driver data in real time, so that the rotation speed of the workpiece can be controlled online and in a timely manner.
所述夹具主体19-23包括安装座19-231、定位台19-232、两个装夹台19-233、两个水平设置的第三气缸19-234及四个滑轨19-235,两个装夹台19-233对称设置在定位台19-232的两侧且分别通过两个第三气缸19-234相对滑动设置,每个装夹台19-233与其下方的安装座19-231均通过平行设置的两个滑轨19-235滑动连接,所述定位台19-232上以及所述装夹台19-233上均开设有若干基准孔和若干螺纹孔。如此设计,该夹具主体19-23能够在程序的指令下或手动状态下自动夹紧与自动松开,且在夹紧过程中能够自锁。第三气缸19-234接收电磁阀的信号,实现第三气缸19-234的伸出或缩回。定位台19-232上设置有定位基准柱,操作人员安放工件时,工件与基准柱接触则安放到位,基准柱的形状及大小尺寸可以根据实际产品进行调整;若干基准孔和螺纹孔用于搭建夹具。每个装夹台19-233与定位台19-232之间相对的两个侧面为装夹面,可以为直线型,也可以根据产品形状切换为所需要形状。所述滑轨19-235能够消除间隙同时提高装夹台19-233的滑动响应速度。Described fixture main body 19-23 comprises mounting seat 19-231, positioning platform 19-232, two clamping platforms 19-233, the third air cylinder 19-234 and four slide rails 19-235 of two horizontal settings, two Each clamping platform 19-233 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the positioning platform 19-232 and is respectively set by two third cylinders 19-234 to slide relative to each other. Each clamping platform 19-233 and the mounting seat 19-231 below it Through the sliding connection of two slide rails 19-235 arranged in parallel, a number of reference holes and a number of threaded holes are provided on the positioning table 19-232 and the clamping table 19-233. With such a design, the clamp main body 19-23 can be automatically clamped and automatically released under the command of the program or manually, and can be self-locked during the clamping process. The third cylinder 19-234 receives the signal of the solenoid valve to realize the extension or retraction of the third cylinder 19-234. The positioning platform 19-232 is provided with a positioning reference column. When the operator places the workpiece, the workpiece will be placed in place when it contacts the reference column. The shape and size of the reference column can be adjusted according to the actual product; several reference holes and threaded holes are used for building fixture. The two opposite sides between each clamping platform 19-233 and the positioning platform 19-232 are clamping surfaces, which can be linear, and can also be switched to required shapes according to the shape of the product. The slide rail 19-235 can eliminate the gap and improve the sliding response speed of the clamping table 19-233.
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| CN109434615A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-08 | 常州机电职业技术学院 | Eight-axis mirror polishing machine tool |
| CN115194949A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-10-18 | 浙江黄岩环日光学有限公司 | A prevention and control lens polishing machine |
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| CN109434615A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-08 | 常州机电职业技术学院 | Eight-axis mirror polishing machine tool |
| CN115194949A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-10-18 | 浙江黄岩环日光学有限公司 | A prevention and control lens polishing machine |
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