CN209278051U - Impulse turbine water distributor mix type nozzle mouth - Google Patents
Impulse turbine water distributor mix type nozzle mouth Download PDFInfo
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- CN209278051U CN209278051U CN201822270581.7U CN201822270581U CN209278051U CN 209278051 U CN209278051 U CN 209278051U CN 201822270581 U CN201822270581 U CN 201822270581U CN 209278051 U CN209278051 U CN 209278051U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a kind of impulse turbine water distributor mix type nozzle mouths to increase energy of the impinging jet for converting the local head loss of impulse turbine water distributor objective reality to improve water machine efficiency.The jet hole of the utility model is that interior cone angle and one section of internal diameter lead directly to the integral mix type nozzle mouth of group in the same direction by two sections, nozzle, nozzle, jet hole upstream face are collided to fluid, generate the rapidly avried flow for having consumed energy, continue to obtain energy supply on one-stage control boundary and axle center mainstream momentum-exchange, be converted into slowly variable flow, and improve efflux coefficient, flow losses caused by jet stream necking down are avoided, the old machine that tiltedly hits is retrofitted in and runs, water machine efficiency is more than 93%.In addition, the utility model mix type nozzle mouth and staged variable diameter can be carried out, the nozzle needle resistance to displacement for few flow load down is avoided, than not variable diameter mix type nozzle mouth, single machine power station year increases by 3% electricity.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the technical fields of impulse turbine, more particularly to impulse turbine water distributor
Jet hole.
Background technique
China is the big country that water resource renewable resource is converted into hydraulic energy.Hydroelectric generation is with certain mass water
Position, potential energy are transformed into kinetic energy, act on and are changed into mechanical energy on rotary wheel of water turbine, runner output mechanical energy is changed into generator
The energy conversion process form of electric energy.What the hydraulic turbine had been widely used has reaction type and two kinds of impact type.
Impulse turbine (impact, tiltedly hit, double-click three kinds of types) be by the fluid in waterpower core water distributor nozzle,
The jet stream that acceleration sprays is kinetic energy, and impact runner translating rotation is mechanical energy.
However, " in the world, the impulse turbine model efficiency of most advanced level is 91%, reaction type mixed flow water wheels at present
Machine model efficiency is 94% ", is seen paper " Study of Jet Interference in Pelton Turbine ", and Wei coloured silk is new etc., the 82-84 pages, the 4th phase,
" Central China University of Science and Technology's journal " 2001, reflects that impulse turbine (bucket machine) is smaller than reaction type mixed-flow water turbine efficiency
3%.Doctor Zhang Zhengji points out: " there is nearly 5%~6% damage in the hydrodynamic force application efficiency ... for being up to 90%~91%
It loses source to lack deeper into research ..., people are not just recognized always where the maximum potential for reducing loss yet." see paper
" impulse turbine develops outline and new technology ", Zhang Zhengji, the 1-6 pages, No.4, " big mechanical & electrical technology ", 2017.As it can be seen that
Pursuing impulse turbine and improving efficiency is target that industry several generations constantly study and explore.
Referring to FIG. 1, existing impulse turbine water distributor includes nozzle tube 10, nozzle 11, nozzle needle axis 12 and two
The nozzle needle 13 and jet hole 14 of head cone.The nozzle 11 is tube structure, and one end is to carry out water end (W.E.), and the other end is water outlet
The water outlet end opening of end, the water end opening of the nozzle 11 and the nozzle tube 10 is sealingly engaged, and water outlet end opening is shunk,
And the internal diameter of the water outlet end opening is less than the internal diameter of the nozzle tube 10.The nozzle needle axis 12 is installed in the nozzle tube 10,
The nozzle needle 13 is movably arranged in the nozzle 11 and jet hole 14, and is connect with the nozzle needle axis 12.The jet hole 14 is
Tubular structure, the inner wall 140 set on the water outlet opening inner side of the nozzle 11, and jet hole 14 are the inner walls with nozzle 11
The circular conical surface of face connection connects with the smooth transition of the inner wall of nozzle 11.The nozzle tube 10, nozzle 11, nozzle needle axis 12, spray
The center line of needle 13 and jet hole 14 is overlapped.
The course of work of the water distributor are as follows: water raises speed in nozzle tube 10, rushes between nozzle 11 and nozzle needle 13, from
And continue acceleration and projected from jet hole 14, then impact runner acting.The position that the nozzle needle axis 12 passes through control nozzle needle 13
The flow of transposition section water outlet and the opening and closing for controlling jet hole 14；When nozzle needle 13 is displaced to 10 direction of nozzle tube, then jet hole
14 open, and water flow increases；When nozzle needle 13 is displaced to 14 direction of jet hole, then water supply flow is reduced, and when nozzle needle 13 connects
When contacting the inner wall of jet hole 14, water flow zero, jet hole 14 is closed, and the hydraulic turbine stops doing power.
It is had evolved into ripe hydraulic turbine technology at present, the dependency structure parameter of water distributor needs to meet certain design
Type selecting code requirement.For example, the jet diameter d of jet hole 140It is that turbine gate mechanism jet hole internal diameter needs water consumption
Using the expression of parameter and hydraulic turbine power requirements size, maximum outside diameter D, internal diameter d of jet hole 14 of nozzle needle 13 etc. need
According to jet diameter d0To determine.As shown in Fig. 2, the check filling in figure indicates that water, pressure head become one by nozzle
Circular water column, the different position away from 14 outer end face of jet hole, water column diameter is different, in necking down is first punctured into, spreads afterwards
State, the diameter at the minimum of section is jet diameter d0, effluxvelocity highest at this, speed is more equal on section
Even, backward since jet diffusion and its surface and air generate friction, the section outer ring speed decline of jet stream can refer to paper
" Study of Jet Interference in Pelton Turbine ", Wei are color new etc., and the 82-84 pages, the 4th phase, " Central China University of Science and Technology's journal ", 2001
Year.
Objectively there is local head loss in existing impulse turbine water distributor, be the stream field boundary component due to design
Configuration and jet hole (also known as ozzle) Selection and Design existing defects, cause the jet stream sprayed there is necking down and caused by jet stream it is dynamic
Energy low efficiency, keeps hydraulic turbine whole efficiency lower.Several defects cause the origin cause of formation of flow losses:
(1) fluid turbulent fluctuation campaign is the characteristic of the energy conversion of impact type water, is fluid in short-range water distributor
Speed-raising, acceleration are completed, the needs for spraying and there is relevant pressure head energy of the impinging jet are reached.Fluid acceleration process collides spray
Needle, nozzle, jet hole upstream face generate the turbulent flow for having consumed energy, lack the control boundary for flowing through a distance, continue and spray
The mainstream momentum-exchange that the needle shaft heart comes cannot get energy supply (see reference data 1), cannot convert the rapidly avried flow of turbulent fluctuation to slow
The rapidly avried flow flow velocity of unsteady flow, jet area outer ring is slower than principal flow velocity, and rapidly avried flow is sprayed with mainstream, and section VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION is in non-homogeneous
State, speed are not the average speed of pressure head, and fireballing mainstream is necking down, and slow-footed rapidly avried flow is made because of flow losses
It is reduced at energy of the impinging jet.
(2) jet hole selects mainstream improper.As shown in Figure 1, the interior cone angle gamma of the inner wall 140 of the jet hole 14 with
The inner wall angle of nozzle 11 is identical, and interior cone angle gamma is than big 17 ° of needle point taper angle theta or more of nozzle needle 13, existing common jet hole
Interior cone angle gamma/needle point taper angle theta is 62 °/45 °, 80 °/53 °, 85 °/60 °.Since the difference of two cone angles is big, water nozzle 11 with
High speed knock against each other between nozzle needle 13, while nozzle 11,14 upstream face of jet hole are collided, fluid turbulent fluctuation resistance, frictional resistance increase simultaneously
Add, turbulent fluctuation fluid is not converted into slowly variable flow and sprays, and jet area mainstream beam is caused to reduce, and secondary a fluid stream increases.
(3) jet hole design selection is that level-one inside contracts thin wall type ozzle entirely, and type selecting is not to causing flow losses.In level-one
The turbulent flow that thin wall type ozzle generates above-mentioned (1), (2) point that inside contracts entirely of cone angle is not converted into slowly variable flow and solidating function, and flows
Fast coefficient is relatively low, and has the outer flow losses shunk, spread in outlet.
(4) jet hole is unable to variable diameter, is currently displaced by nozzle needle, reduces cone angle gap in nozzle needle and jet hole, is nozzle needle
Caused by resistance it is few for flow, reach water and reduce and the needs of load down.Jet area mainstream beam is caused to reduce, secondary a fluid stream increases
Add, the kinetic energy of jet stream is reduced.
For this purpose, improving turbine efficiency, the local head loss of water distributor objective reality is converted, it is necessary to current spray
Jet stream out is detracted, is raised speed, the scheme being efficiently modified.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model, optimization design nozzle mouth structure provide a kind of impulse turbine water distributor mixing
Type jet hole solves that local losses existing for existing water distributor is big, the low problem of water machine efficiency with jet stream speed-raising, detraction.
The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is that jet hole is changed to mixed type, energy of the impinging jet efficiency is improved, it is specific to wrap
Include two o'clock:
1, a mix type nozzle mouth is formed with cone angle in two-stage difference and one section of straight pipe, is to be conducive to water distributor stream
The configuration that field boundary operating condition needs, is to integrate overhanging type hole mouth, shrinkage type, streamlined ozzle advantage.Have the effect that a. changes
Use mainstream；B. efflux coefficient is improved；C. fluid is accelerated to collide nozzle needle, nozzle, jet hole upstream face, energy has been worn and torn in generation
Rapidly avried flow is increasing continuation and mainstream momentum-exchange in one-stage control boundary, is obtaining energy supply, be converted into slowly variable flow；D. machine
Tool processing technology obeys fluid motion characteristics, avoids flow losses.
2, increase to the manual simplified diameter changing device of mix type nozzle mouth staged, natural Jing is coped with small internal diameter outer nozzle mouth
Stream is reduced and adjustment load down needs, and avoids the flow losses of nozzle needle resistance to displacement.
The impulse turbine water distributor mix type nozzle mouth of the utility model, for leading as impulse turbine
Jet hole (24) in water dispenser structure；The water distributor further includes nozzle tube (20), nozzle (21), nozzle needle axis (22) and nozzle needle
(23), the nozzle (21) is tube structure, and one end is to carry out water end (W.E.), and the other end is water outlet, the water of the nozzle (21)
End opening and the water outlet end opening of the nozzle tube (20) are sealingly engaged, and the internal diameter of water outlet end opening is less than the nozzle tube
(20) internal diameter；The nozzle needle axis (22) is installed in the nozzle tube (20), and the nozzle needle (23) is movably arranged at the nozzle
(21) it and in jet hole (24), and is connect with the nozzle needle axis (22)；
The jet hole (24) is tube structure, is set to the water outlet opening inner side of the nozzle (21) and stretches out the water outlet
Outside end opening end face；The inner wall of the jet hole (24) by two sections of different angles in the same direction circular conical surface and one section of inner cylinder face
(243) it forms, wherein one section of circular conical surface is the first inner conical surface (241) connecting with the inner wall of the nozzle (21), Ling Yiduan
Circular conical surface is that external the second inner conical surface (242) of jet hole (24), the interior cylinder are contracted to by first inner conical surface (241)
Face (243) is between second inner conical surface (242) and jet hole (24) outer end face, first inner conical surface (241), second
Inner conical surface (242) and inner cylinder face (243) are sequentially connected；The nozzle tube (20), nozzle (21), nozzle needle axis (22), nozzle needle
(23) it is overlapped with the center line of jet hole (24)；
The cone angle of first inner conical surface (241) and the needle point taper angle theta of nozzle needle (23) meet relational expression: α=θ ± 5 °, institute
State angle β=1 °~14 ° between the inflow direction in the second inner conical surface (242) and nozzle tube (20)；
Length L of first inner conical surface (241) along its centerline direction1, the second inner conical surface (242) is along its center line side
To length L2And the inner cylinder face (243) is along the length L of its centerline direction3Meet relational expression: L1:(L2+L3)=1:
(0.5~2), L3=0.5 centimetre~1.5 centimetres.
Further, the jet hole (24) is along the total length L of its centerline direction and the internal diameter d of the jet hole (24)
The ratio between meet: 0.5 < L/d < 1.
Further, arc transition connects between first inner conical surface (241) and the inner wall of the nozzle (21), institute
It states arc transition between the first inner conical surface (241) and the second inner conical surface (242) to connect, second inner conical surface (242) and inner circle
Arc transition connects between cylinder (243), and the angle of cut between the inner cylinder face (243) and jet hole (24) outer end face must not fall
Angle.
Further, the jet hole (24) is an integral molding structure.
Further, the jet hole (24) is split type structure, from first inner conical surface (241) and the second inner conical surface
(242) intersection between is divided into inner nozzle mouth (24a) and outer nozzle mouth (24b)；The inner nozzle mouth (24a) is set to the spray
The water outlet opening inner side of mouth (21) simultaneously stretches out outside the water outlet end opening, connect with the nozzle (21) transition fit；It is described
Outer nozzle mouth (24b) is located at the nozzle (21) outside, and is tightly connected with the inner nozzle mouth (24a).
Jet hole in the utility model impingement turbine gate mechanism carries out Optimal Structure Designing, passes through setting two
The first inner conical surface and the second inner conical surface of grade different angle in the same direction, utilize the smaller angle difference between the first inner conical surface and nozzle needle
Mainstream is quoted as far as possible, reduces the flow losses that different angle attracts liquid collision.Two coning angles are reduced, and especially small-angle can mention
High flow rate coefficient, and can make to form slowly variable flow region in jet hole, meet jet stream speed-raising, water conservancy diversion accelerates to collide nozzle needle, nozzle
The rapidly avried flow of loss of energy is generated with jet hole upstream face, continues to obtain in one-stage control boundary with mainstream momentum-exchange
Energy supply is converted into slowly variable flow, promotes jet area VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION uniform, and jet stream is avoided to have necking down to generate outside jet hole
Flow losses effectively convert the local head loss of water distributor, significantly improve the energy conversion effect of impulse turbine complete machine
Rate.The value for constraining L and L/d has the function of controlling discharge coefficient and function to different size power water dispenser.It separately carries out to mixed
Mould assembly jet hole carries out variable diameter, is the step different inner diameters outer nozzle mouth replacement, for coping with water with smaller than jet hole internal diameter
The different flow of reduction, to ensure the efficiency of the ejection energy of the impinging jet of the jet hole when adjusting load down.
Compared with the existing technology, the impulse turbine water distributor mix type nozzle mouth has local head loss
Small, high-efficient advantage, and be easy to be transformed use on existing turbine equipment, structure is simple, processing cost is low, can
It is widely used to promote.It is tested through actual measurement, it can be multiple than before transformation using the hydraulic turbine of jet hole described in the utility model
12.8% or so electricity, and 12.96% is connect with water reduction；Single machine power station uses diameter changing device, different flow different inner diameters
Outer nozzle mouth power generation, than the not variable diameter mix type nozzle mouth after optimization, 3% electricity of Nian Duofa.
Impulse turbine waterpower core water distributor jet hole is adjusted to mix type nozzle mouth by the utility model, is met
Turbulent fluctuation streamline changes into the slowly variable flow method of streamline similar parallel, and change turbulent fluctuation streamline, which directly sprays and operate nozzle needle displacement, to be caused
The non-uniform local head loss of jet area velocity flow profile, improves energy of the impinging jet and turbine efficiency.Practice result shows
It is improved using the improved turbine efficiency of the jet hole of the utility model but water consumption is without obviously increasing；Existed using diameter changing device
It generates electricity when dropping generation load, every 100 kilowatts of drop changes small outer nozzle mouth, and generated energy after optimization than, not through reducing nozzle mouth, increasing
Add 8% or so electricity.
The utility model solves the problems, such as that the effluxvelocity reduction influence turbine efficiency sprayed by water distributor is low, is
Effective, the practical technology for improving impulse water wheel engine efficiency can be applied to the nearly 40,000 rural small hydropower impact in the whole nation
The transformation of the old machine of the formula hydraulic turbine, improvement cost is low and income is high, has certain positive effect.
In order to better understand and implement, according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the jet hole structural schematic diagram of existing impulse turbine water distributor；
Fig. 2 is existing jet hole jet stream fluidised form schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the mix type nozzle mouth structure schematic diagram of the impulse turbine water distributor of embodiment 1；
Fig. 4 is the diameter changing device structural schematic diagram of the impulse turbine water distributor of embodiment 2.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 3, the impulse turbine water distributor of the present embodiment include nozzle tube 20, nozzle 21, nozzle needle axis 22,
The nozzle needle 23 and jet hole 24 of cone-shaped.
The nozzle 21 is tube structure, and one end is to carry out water end (W.E.), and the other end is water outlet, and the nozzle 21 carrys out water end (W.E.)
Opening and the water outlet end opening of the nozzle tube 20 are sealingly engaged, and the internal diameter of water outlet end opening is less than the interior of the nozzle tube 20
Diameter.
The nozzle needle axis 22 is installed in the nozzle tube 20, and the nozzle needle 23 is movably arranged at the nozzle 21 and jet hole
In 24, and it is fixedly connected with the nozzle needle axis 22.
The jet hole 24 is tube structure, set on the nozzle 21 water outlet opening inner side and stretch out the water outlet and open
Outside mouth end face.
The inner wall of the jet hole 24 is made of the circular conical surface and one section of inner cylinder face 243 of two sections of different angles in the same direction,
Wherein one section of circular conical surface is the first inner conical surface 241 connecting with the inner wall of the nozzle 21, and another section of circular conical surface is by described
First inner conical surface 241 is contracted to the second inner conical surface 242 outside jet hole 24, and the inner cylinder face 243 is located in described second
Between 24 outer end face of the conical surface 242 and jet hole, first inner conical surface 241, the second inner conical surface 242 and inner cylinder face 243 are successively
Connection.
The center line coincidence of the nozzle tube 20, nozzle 21, nozzle needle axis 22, nozzle needle 23 and jet hole 24.
Specifically, the cone angle of first inner conical surface 241 and the needle point taper angle theta of nozzle needle 23 meet relational expression: α=θ ±
5 °, angle β=1 °~14 ° between inflow direction in second inner conical surface 242 and nozzle tube 20.
Length L of first inner conical surface 241 along its centerline direction1, the second inner conical surface 242 is along its centerline direction
Length L2And the inner cylinder face 243 is along the length L of its centerline direction3Meet relational expression: L1:(L2+L3)=1:(0.5~
2)。
Length L of the inner cylinder face 243 along its centerline direction3=0.5 centimetre~1.5 centimetres, it is used for secondary solidating
Rapidly avried flow.
Arc transition connects between first inner conical surface 241 and the inner wall of the nozzle 21, first inner conical surface
Arc transition connects between 241 and the second inner conical surface 242, arc transition between second inner conical surface 242 and inner cylinder face 243
Connect, the angle of cut between 24 outer end face of the inner cylinder face 243 and jet hole must not chamfering.
Total length L=L of the jet hole 24 along its centerline direction1+L2+L3, internal diameter d with the jet hole 24
The ratio between meet: 0.5 < L/d < 1.
The jet diameter d of the jet hole 240It is that parameter is used as defined in design specification.
The maximum outside diameter D of the nozzle needle 23 and jet diameter d of jet hole 240Between relationship are as follows: D=(1.2~
1.35)d0, wherein jet diameter d0Unit be centimetre.
The internal diameter d and its jet diameter d of the jet hole 240Between relationship are as follows: d=(1.15~1.25) d0, wherein penetrating
Flow diameter d0Unit be centimetre, it is preferable that the internal diameter d=1.228d of the jet hole 240(1.228 be that plant produced routinely makes
With parameter).
In the present embodiment, the jet hole 24 is an integral molding structure, and can be formed using lathe in machining.
Embodiment 2
Referring to Fig. 4, the impulse turbine water distributor of the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference exists
In: by the needs of generating operation mode, the jet hole 24 is designed as split type structure, from first inner conical surface 241 and second
Intersection between inner conical surface 242 is divided into inner nozzle mouth 24a and outer nozzle mouth 24b, the inner nozzle mouth 24a and the nozzle 21
Inside connection, the outer nozzle mouth 24b are set to outside the nozzle 21；The inner nozzle mouth 24a is set to the water outlet of the nozzle 21
It on the inside of end opening and stretches out outside the water outlet end opening, is connect with 21 transition fit of nozzle；The outer nozzle mouth 24b is located at
Outside the nozzle 21, and it is tightly connected with the inner nozzle mouth 24a.
Specifically, the outer surface that the part that the nozzle 21 is discharged outside end opening is stretched out in the inner nozzle mouth 24a is equipped with
External screw thread, the inner surface of the outer nozzle mouth 24b are equipped with internal screw thread, the external screw thread and the outer nozzle of the inner nozzle mouth 24a
The screw-internal thread fit connection of mouth 24b, and be equipped between the end face of the inner nozzle mouth 24a and the outer nozzle mouth 24b inner face
One O-ring seal 25, is achieved in sealing waterproof.
Further, it is also positioned and is prevented by a bolt 26 between the inner nozzle mouth 24a and outer nozzle mouth 24b
It loosens.
The jet hole 24 of split type structure described in the present embodiment, the also known as manual simplified diameter changing device of staged.
Since the jet hole 24 is split type structure, the outer nozzle mouth 24b can be by manual teardown and installation, to Jing
It flows water and reduces and needed with load down adjustment, by the outer nozzle mouth 24b, the internal diameter d of external nozzle mouth 24b that replace different inner diameters
Staged adjustment is carried out, the effluxvelocity reduced using former large diameter jet hole water outlet is reduced to improve water, to guarantee water wheels
The efficiency of machine water distributor jet hole ejection different flow energy of the impinging jet.
Turbine efficiency comparative test
Type to the production of Ganzhou hydraulic turbine factory is tiltedly hitting the type hydraulic turbine and be transformed and imitate for XJA-W50/1 × 13
Rate test, and be that the oblique of XJA-W50/1 × 12.5 hits type water with the type in the turbine characteristics of Leqing Machinery Factory and mating table
The efficiency parameters of turbine are compared.It transform the jet hole that Jiangxi produces unit as mix type nozzle mouth described in the utility model,
Using former needle point taper angle theta=45 ° after transformation, and cone angle=46.5 ° of the first inner conical surface, the second inner conical surface and jet pipe are intracorporal
Angle β=1.5 ° between inflow direction, total length L=14 centimetre of jet hole；Using the same inner diameter section of Leqing unit
Jet hole parameter as a comparison.The relevant parameter of forward and backward unit is transformed in test under identical working head, and test result is such as
Shown in the following table 1:
Table 1
| Type specification | Leqing XJA-W50/1 × 12.5 | Jiangxi produces XJA-W50/1 × 13 |
| Working head (m) | 130 | 130 |
| It is transformed front nozzle mouth internal diameter (mm) | 153.5 | 165.5 |
| Output power (KW) before being transformed | 582.8 | 560 |
| It is transformed rear nozzle mouth internal diameter (mm) | / | 154.5 |
| Output power (KW) after transformation | / | 680 |
| Generator efficiency % | 92 | 92 |
| With section internal diameter turbine efficiency % | 83.5 | 96.12 (after transformations) |
By test result as it can be seen that transforming jet hole as this reality compared with the unit before transformation and not modified unit
After the novel mix type nozzle mouth, the efficiency with jet hole section internal diameter is also significantly improved.
Improved inclined-jet turbine uses the mixing nozzle mouth of the utility model, efficiency 96.12%, with " engineering
Hydrodynamics " listed relatively Streamline Nozzles mouth than shrinkage type jet hole discharge coefficient more than 3%, therefore while converting, also subtracts 3%,
The efficiency that improved Jiangxi produces inclined-jet turbine should be 93.12%, be still higher than world's impulse turbine model peak efficiency
91% is horizontal
Improved inclined-jet turbine than transformation before can multiple 12.8% or so electricity, and than transformation before useJet hole reduces 12.96% with water.
Single machine power station is changed when different inner diameters outer nozzle mouth guarantees that water is reduced with hand drops generation load energy of the impinging jet efficiency, year
Generated energy increases 3%.
As it can be seen that the utility model solves the fluid turbulent fluctuation process of stream field boundary in water distributor, the urgency for ability of having consumed is generated
Unsteady flow causes effluxvelocity to decline, and influences the low problem of turbine efficiency, be improve impulse water wheel engine efficiency it is effective,
Practical technology, can be applied to the transformation of the old machine of national nearly 40,000 rural small hydropower impulse turbines, and improvement cost is low
And income is high, has certain positive effect.
Reference:
1, the hydraulic turbine (the nine of medium and small power station operator on duty training handout), Sichuan Province's hydraulic power chamber local electricity management
Place, in April, 1981 Chengdu version.For in hydraulic turbine knowledge and page 35 " vortex consumption energy by with mainstream momentum-exchange
Fed with viscosity transmitting " it is theoretical foundation
2, " engineering fluid mechanics " second edition, Shandong Polytechnic Univ Kong Long chief editor's teaching material, hydraulic and electric engineering publishing house, 1979
December the first edition, in November, 1992 printing of Beijing the 7th time.For Hydrodynamics Theory knowledge.
3, Leqing Machinery Factory, Zhejiang Province in January, 2003 publish turbine characteristics with mating table page 55 in tiltedly hit 50 machine of machine
Efficiency.Compare for parameters such as efficiency.
Above-described embodiments merely represent several embodiments of the utility model, the description thereof is more specific and detailed,
But it cannot be understood as the limitations to utility model patent range.It should be pointed out that for the common skill of this field
For art personnel, without departing from the concept of the premise utility, various modifications and improvements can be made, these are belonged to
The protection scope of the utility model.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of impulse turbine water distributor mix type nozzle mouth, in the water distributor as impulse turbine
Jet hole (24)；The water distributor further includes nozzle tube (20), nozzle (21), nozzle needle axis (22) and nozzle needle (23), the spray
Mouth (21) be tube structure, one end is to carry out water end (W.E.), and the other end is water outlet, the water end opening of the nozzle (21) with it is described
The water outlet end opening of nozzle tube (20) is sealingly engaged, and the internal diameter of water outlet end opening is less than the internal diameter of the nozzle tube (20)；Institute
It states nozzle needle axis (22) to be installed in the nozzle tube (20), the nozzle needle (23) is movably arranged at the nozzle (21) and jet hole
(24) it in, and is connect with the nozzle needle axis (22)；It is characterized by:
The jet hole (24) is tube structure, is set to the water outlet opening inner side of the nozzle (21) and stretches out the water outlet and opens
Outside mouth end face；Circular conical surface and one section inner cylinder face (243) of the inner wall of the jet hole (24) by two sections of different angles in the same direction
Composition, wherein one section of circular conical surface is the first inner conical surface (241) connecting with the inner wall of the nozzle (21), another section of circular conical surface
It is that external the second inner conical surface (242) of jet hole (24), the inner cylinder face are contracted to by first inner conical surface (241)
(243) between second inner conical surface (242) and jet hole (24) outer end face, first inner conical surface (241), in second
The conical surface (242) and inner cylinder face (243) are sequentially connected；The nozzle tube (20), nozzle (21), nozzle needle axis (22), nozzle needle (23)
It is overlapped with the center line of jet hole (24)；
The cone angle of first inner conical surface (241) and the needle point taper angle theta of nozzle needle (23) meet relational expression: α=θ ± 5 °, and described the
Angle β=1 °~14 ° between inflow direction in two inner conical surfaces (242) and nozzle tube (20)；
Length L of first inner conical surface (241) along its centerline direction1, the second inner conical surface (242) is along its centerline direction
Length L2And the inner cylinder face (243) is along the length L of its centerline direction3Meet relational expression: L1:(L2+L3)=1:(0.5
~2), L3=0.5 centimetre~1.5 centimetres.
2. impulse turbine water distributor mix type nozzle mouth according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the nozzle
Mouth (24) meets along the ratio between the total length L of its centerline direction and the internal diameter d of the jet hole (24): 0.5 < L/d < 1.
3. impulse turbine water distributor mix type nozzle mouth according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described first
Arc transition connects between inner conical surface (241) and the inner wall of the nozzle (21), in first inner conical surface (241) and second
Arc transition connects between the conical surface (242), and arc transition connects between second inner conical surface (242) and inner cylinder face (243),
The angle of cut between the inner cylinder face (243) and jet hole (24) outer end face not chamfering.
4. impulse turbine water distributor mix type nozzle mouth according to claim 1-3, it is characterised in that:
The jet hole (24) is an integral molding structure.
5. impulse turbine water distributor mix type nozzle mouth according to claim 1-3, it is characterised in that:
The jet hole (24) is split type structure, the intersection between first inner conical surface (241) and the second inner conical surface (242)
It is divided into inner nozzle mouth (24a) and outer nozzle mouth (24b)；It opens the water outlet that the inner nozzle mouth (24a) is set to the nozzle (21)
It on the inside of mouthful and stretches out outside the water outlet end opening, is connect with the nozzle (21) transition fit；The outer nozzle mouth (24b) is located at
The nozzle (21) outside, and is tightly connected with the inner nozzle mouth (24a).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201822270581.7U CN209278051U (en) | 2018-12-28 | 2018-12-28 | Impulse turbine water distributor mix type nozzle mouth |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111794896A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-10-20 | 刘屹东 | A wave power generation facility for reef is warned |
| CN113482833A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-10-08 | 中国华能集团有限公司 | Impulse turbine nozzle needle stroke measurement structure |
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2018
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111794896A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-10-20 | 刘屹东 | A wave power generation facility for reef is warned |
| CN113482833A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-10-08 | 中国华能集团有限公司 | Impulse turbine nozzle needle stroke measurement structure |
| CN113482833B (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2023-03-14 | 中国华能集团有限公司 | Impulse turbine nozzle needle stroke measurement structure |
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