CN209247581U - It is a kind of for measuring the holographic real-time measurement apparatus of moving particle partial size - Google Patents
It is a kind of for measuring the holographic real-time measurement apparatus of moving particle partial size Download PDFInfo
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- CN209247581U CN209247581U CN201821999328.9U CN201821999328U CN209247581U CN 209247581 U CN209247581 U CN 209247581U CN 201821999328 U CN201821999328 U CN 201821999328U CN 209247581 U CN209247581 U CN 209247581U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of for measuring the holographic real-time measurement apparatus of moving particle partial size, the holography real-time measurement apparatus includes: piece laser beam expanding system, line-scan digital camera and holographic data processing unit, described laser beam expanding system includes laser light source and cylindrical lens；The laser that laser light source issues forms piece laser after cylindrical lens, and is irradiated to moving particle, forms one-dimensional hologram fringe；Line-scan digital camera records one-dimensional hologram fringe and is transferred to holographic data processing unit and handled, and obtains grain diameter.It is provided by the utility model holography real-time measurement apparatus solve the problems, such as current grain diameter holographic measurement method can not real-time measurement or real-time it is poor, by reduce acquisition with rebuild data dimension reduction data volume the real-time and fast slowdown monitoring to grain diameter may be implemented.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to grain graininess on-line measurement fields, and in particular to a kind of for measuring moving particle partial size
Holographic real-time measurement apparatus.
Background technique
In the industries such as thermal power generation, metallurgy, cement, the measurement to the granularity and size distribution of particle is essential
Link, for highly effective and safe production have a very important significance.
Grain graininess measurement method can be divided into two major classes: off-line method and in line method.Off-line method mainly have sieve method,
Sedimentation and microscopic method, industrially most popular at present is sieve method.Mainly there are electrical method, acoustics side in line method
Method and optical means, using laser particle analyzer as main representative.
The basic principle of sieve method is to be sieved using a series of different sieve of slot sizes to particulate samples, general
Grain screening is several grades, to obtain the particle diameter distribution of sample.The operating process of sieve method is fairly simple, according to tested particle
Size and size distribution, the general sieve different with 6 to 10 mesh numbers successively fold from the bottom up from big to small according to mesh number
It puts.Sample is set to fall from top sieve through effect of vibration.Sieve method measurement result is easy by material shapes, operator
The influence of the factors such as member's operation technique, sieving time, and noise is big, and sampling amount is big.Since the sieve number used is limited, lead to essence
It spends not high.
Laser particle analyzer measuring speed is fast, as a result accurately, has been obtained and is widely applied.But laser particle analyzer price
Valuableness, the requirement to environment is relatively high, and instrumental optics element is easily contaminated, and more complicated due to installing, and industry is existing
Field adaptability is poor, limits its on-line measurement ability.Electrical method mainly has electrostatic method and capacitance method.Electrostatic method principle is band
Electric particle can generate induced current when passing through electrostatic transducer, and induced current, which is carried out spectrum analysis as measuring signal, to be obtained
To parameters such as grain diameters.Capacitor rule is using two phase flow fluid as capacitor dielectric, and capacitance information contains solid phase particles
Size information.Both electrical methods are easy by external environmental interferences such as complex electromagnetic fields, larger using difficulty.Acoustic method master
If supercritical ultrasonics technology, typical case is ultrasonic attenuation particle size analyzer, and testing principle is to issue certain frequency and intensity by end occurs
Ultrasonic wave, by test zone, arriving signal receiving end, according to the decay intensity inverting particle size distribution of ultrasonic wave.It is super
The precise measurement of sound wave is a difficulties, and error is difficult to control, and is influenced vulnerable to factors such as temperature.It is described above several
Kind electrical method and acoustic method are the measurements to particle swarm entirety, and the result obtained is average grain diameter.
Digital Holography is a kind of three-dimensional measurement technology, can be easily to complete using digital record and digital reconstruction
Breath figure carries out record preservation.Different from the methods of previously described electricity, acoustics, Digital Holography is to the measurement of particle field
Particle each in particle field is measured, the geological information and location information of available each particle.At present using number
Holographic technique measurement grain diameter is widely used that laser beam and area array cameras, and what the hologram recorded in this way included is three-dimensional
Data, data volume is big, and processing speed is slow when reconstruction, and difficulty is big, causes the real-time of measurement bad.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of for measuring the holographic real-time measurement apparatus of moving particle partial size, solves
Determined current grain diameter holographic measurement method can not real-time measurement or real-time difference problem, passing through reduces acquisition and rebuilds
Data dimension, which reduces data volume, may be implemented the real-time and fast slowdown monitoring to grain diameter.
The utility model provides the following technical solutions:
The utility model provide it is a kind of for measuring the holographic real-time measurement apparatus of moving particle partial size, it is described it is holographic in real time
Measuring device includes: piece laser beam expanding system, line-scan digital camera and holographic data processing unit, and described laser beam expanding system includes
Laser light source and cylindrical lens；The laser that laser light source issues forms piece laser after cylindrical lens, and is irradiated to moving particle,
Form one-dimensional hologram fringe；Line-scan digital camera records one-dimensional hologram fringe and is transferred to holographic data processing unit and handled, and obtains
To grain diameter.
The cylindrical lens is single cylindrical lens, and the cylindrical lens is selected from piano convex cylindrical lens or plano-concave cylinder is saturating
Mirror, laser beam are entered by the plane refractive power meridian of cylindrical lens, are projected by cylinder and form diffusion sheet laser.
The cylindrical lens includes the cylindrical lens A and cylindrical lens B that cylindrical lens focus is overlapped, the cylindrical lens
A and cylindrical lens B is selected from piano convex cylindrical lens or plano-concave cylindrical lens；Laser beam is sub by the plane refractive power of cylindrical lens A
Noon line enters, and is projected by the plane of cylindrical lens B and forms parallel plate laser.
The piece laser beam expanding system is at a distance from line-scan digital camera between 2 centimetres to 60 centimetres.
The line-scan digital camera is CCD camera or CMOS camera, and the pixel size of line-scan digital camera is 5 microns to 30 microns,
Pixel quantity is 256n × 1 or 256n × 2, and wherein n is positive integer, and minimum exposure time is in 10 microseconds hereinafter, sample frequency is big
It is per second in 20 frames.
The laser light source is mono-colour laser, and laser wavelength range is 350 nanometers to 700 nanometers.The holographic data
Processing unit is made of the computer with digital hologram reconstruction algorithm, and programmed algorithm includes position portion, identification division and grain
Diameter calculating section.
When tested particle size is larger, the logging mode of line-scan digital camera can be switched to scanning record by single-frame writing, be led to
The form for crossing continuous acquisition hologram fringe obtains multiple hologram fringe figures, these hologram fringe figures are synthesized, available
The entire hologram of particle rebuilds entire hologram to obtain grain graininess information.If particle velocity is 1 meter every
Second, grain graininess 200 microns of average distance between 100 microns, particle, the pixel size of line-scan digital camera is 10 microns, as
Prime number amount is 2048 × 1, then sweep speed should be per second not less than 5000 frames.
The method of holography real-time measurement apparatus measurement moving particle partial size provided by the utility model, comprising the following steps:
(1) piece laser beam expanding system generates piece laser, and is irradiated to moving particle；
(2) piece laser forms object light by the scattering light of particle, and the piece laser without particle is as reference light, object light and ginseng
It examines light to interfere to form one-dimensional hologram fringe, be recorded；
(3) hologram formed to the one-dimensional hologram fringe of record is rebuild, and particle image is obtained, according to particle image
In pixel quantity and size grain diameter is calculated.
In step (2), the brightness of the one-dimensional hologram fringe are as follows:
Wherein d is grain diameter, and x is striped away from granular center distance, and λ is wavelength, and z is flat where recording plane and particle
Distance between face, J1It (x) is Bessel function of the first kind.
According to particle scattering theory, in in-line holographic, it is mainly particle diffraction light as object light scattering light, works as incidence wave
When laser is far longer than particle scale, when can be approximated to be plane wave, to obtain the meter of the brightness of above-mentioned one-dimensional hologram fringe
Calculate formula.
In the present invention, the basic principle of hologram reconstructing process is to irradiate particle hologram using reference light, and diffraction obtains
To the two-dimension light field for rebuilding particle field.
In step (3), the process of the reconstruction includes particle position fixing process, particle recognition process, the reconstruction
Method be selected from angular spectrum algorithm for reconstructing, fresnel integral rebuild, convolution rebuild or wavelet reconstruction.
The method of the reconstruction is angular spectrum algorithm for reconstructing, the light distribution of the particle image after reconstruction are as follows:
Wherein, λ is wavelength, fxFor spatial frequency, F-1For inverse Fourier transform.
The calculation method of the grain diameter are as follows:
Wherein, n is the pixel quantity of particle image, pixel size δpix, d is measurement partial size；
Actual particle size:Particle is X apart from cylinder lens focus distance0, it is X apart from camera chip.
The utility model mainly solves the problems, such as it is that current grain diameter holographic measurement method can not real-time measurement or reality
The quick prison to grain diameter may be implemented with data dimension reduction data volume is rebuild by reducing acquisition in the problem of when property difference
It surveys.By using mono-colour laser as light source, and laser beam is become into piece laser from piece laser beam expanding system, piece laser shines
It penetrates after the moving particle of measurement zone and hologram fringe is recorded by line-scan digital camera, finally handle to obtain by the holographic reconstruction program of computer
Grain diameter and realize.
Utility model has the advantages that 1. the utility model are by using piece laser and line-scan digital camera, by of record
Grain holographic signal data are reduced to one-dimensional hologram fringe by two-dimensional hologram, will rebuild data by three-dimensional and are reduced to two dimension, required place
The data volume of reason greatly reduces, and reduces processing difficulty when reconstruction, improves reconstruction efficiency, can real-time measurement go out particle
Information is spent, is had a good application prospect as granularity device for fast detecting；2. the light path system of the utility model is mainly by column
Face lens composition, structure is simple, cheap.3. the utility model application is strong, it is suitable for particle in a variety of industrial process
On-line measurement is spent, and be can effectively solve and stain by tested particle bring optical element and influenced shooting, increase measurement error etc.
Problem.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of holographic real-time measurement apparatus provided by the utility model；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of another holographic real-time measurement apparatus provided by the utility model；
Fig. 3 is the hologram fringe figure for the line-scan digital camera record that embodiment provides；
Fig. 4 is the reconstructed results of hologram fringe figure in embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the grain diameter being calculated in embodiment；
Wherein, 1, laser light source, 2, cylindrical lens A, 3, cylindrical lens B, 4, line-scan digital camera, 5, particle, 6, laser beam,
7, piece laser.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment of the present invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1
Holographic real-time measurement apparatus as shown in Figure 1, laser light source 1, plano-concave cylindrical lens A 2, piano convex cylindrical lens B
3, line-scan digital camera 4 is located on same axis according to putting in order, and is in-line holographic form.Piano convex cylindrical lens A 2 and plano-convex column
The focus of face lens B 3 is overlapped.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, laser light source 1 uses wavelength for 532 nanometers of continuous conductor laser.Plano-concave
The focal length of cylindrical lens A 2 is 30 millimeters, 20 millimeters of length, 10 millimeters of width；The focal length of piano convex cylindrical lens B 3 is 60 millis
Rice, 40 millimeters of length, 25 millimeters of width.The pixel size of line-scan digital camera 4 is 10 microns, and pixel quantity is 4096 × 1, linear array phase
The effective measuring area of machine 4 is up to 4 centimetres, and sample frequency is up to 52 kHz.Piano convex cylindrical lens B 3 is away from 20 lis of line-scan digital camera
Rice is tested moving particle 5 and is located at a distance from line-scan digital camera 4 in 5 centimetres to 10 centimetres of region.
With the method for above-mentioned holographic real-time measurement apparatus measurement moving particle partial size the following steps are included:
Step 1: opening laser light source 1, generate laser beam 6.
Step 2: adjustment plano-concave cylindrical lens A 2 makes laser beam 6 by 2 center plano-concave cylindrical lens A, and plane is made
For the plane of incidence, cylinder is as exit facet；Similarly, adjustment piano convex cylindrical lens B 3 is allowed to and 2 symmetry axis of plano-concave cylindrical lens A
It is aligned in the x direction, and plano-concave cylindrical lens A 2 is overlapped with the focus of piano convex cylindrical lens B 3, cylinder makees the plane of incidence, plane
Make exit facet.To form piece laser 7.
Step 3: line-scan digital camera 4 being carried out to light, adjusting position is overlapped camera chip with piece laser 7.After the completion of adjustment
Take background hologram.
Step 4: by tested particle 5 by measurement zone, while manipulating line-scan digital camera 4 and taking pictures, shoot particle holography item
Line, as shown in Figure 3.Hologram fringe is one-dimensional hologram fringe.One-dimensional hologram fringe data are reached into computer simultaneously.
The brightness of one-dimensional hologram fringe are as follows:
Wherein d is grain diameter, and x is striped away from granular center distance, and λ is wavelength, and z is flat where recording plane and particle
Distance between face, J1It (x) is Bessel function of the first kind.
Step 5: quickly being analyzed using reconstruction algorithm and obtain size information.Treatment process includes: first by hologram fringe image
Go background；Particle positioning is carried out again；Particle recognition is carried out again；Finally obtain grain diameter information.
The pretreatment of particle hologram mainly by carrying out a series of images processing operation to hologram, such as denoises, removal
Background selectes ROI window etc., to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of particle hologram, so that the three dimensional particles square rebuild is with higher
Signal-to-noise ratio, so as to subsequent particle recognition, positioning and granularmetric analysis.
Specifically method is to be rebuild with angular spectrum algorithm for reconstructing to one-dimensional hologram fringe, the particle image after reconstruction is such as
Shown in Fig. 4, the light distribution of the particle image after reconstruction are as follows:
Wherein, λ is wavelength, fxFor spatial frequency, F-1For inverse Fourier transform.
Partial size, the calculation method of partial size are calculated further according to the particle image after reconstruction are as follows:
Wherein, n is the pixel quantity of particle image, pixel size δpix。
As shown in figure 5, the measured value of grain diameter is 90 microns.
Due to the diffusivity of piece laser, the particle handled is by amplification, divided by obtaining reality after enlargement ratio
Grain diameter.If tested particle is X apart from cylinder lens focus distance0, it is X, then practical grain diameter d ' apart from camera chip
Relationship with measured value d is
Distance of the piano convex cylindrical lens B 3 away from line-scan digital camera 4 is 20 centimetres, be tested moving particle 5 and line-scan digital camera 4 away from
From being 10 centimetres, then practical grain diameter is 60 microns.
Embodiment 2
Holographic real-time measurement apparatus as shown in Figure 2, laser light source 1, plano-concave cylindrical lens A2, line-scan digital camera 4 are according to row
Column sequence is located on same axis, is in-line holographic form.
Use the method such as embodiment 1 of the holographic real-time measurement apparatus measurement partial size of the present embodiment.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of for measuring the holographic real-time measurement apparatus of moving particle partial size, which is characterized in that the holography real-time measurement
Device includes: piece laser beam expanding system, line-scan digital camera and holographic data processing unit, and described laser beam expanding system includes laser
Light source and cylindrical lens；The laser that laser light source issues forms piece laser after cylindrical lens, and is irradiated to moving particle, is formed
One-dimensional hologram fringe；Line-scan digital camera records one-dimensional hologram fringe and is transferred to holographic data processing unit and handled, and obtains
Grain partial size.
2. according to claim 1 for measuring the holographic real-time measurement apparatus of moving particle partial size, which is characterized in that institute
The cylindrical lens stated is single cylindrical lens, and the cylindrical lens is selected from piano convex cylindrical lens or plano-concave cylindrical lens, laser beam
Entered by the plane refractive power meridian of cylindrical lens, is projected by cylinder and form diffusion sheet laser.
3. according to claim 1 for measuring the holographic real-time measurement apparatus of moving particle partial size, which is characterized in that institute
The cylindrical lens stated includes that the cylindrical lens A that cylindrical lens focus is overlapped and cylindrical lens B, the cylindrical lens A and cylinder are saturating
Mirror B is selected from piano convex cylindrical lens or plano-concave cylindrical lens；Laser beam is entered by the plane refractive power meridian of cylindrical lens A,
It is projected by the plane of cylindrical lens B and forms parallel plate laser.
4. according to claim 1 for measuring the holographic real-time measurement apparatus of moving particle partial size, which is characterized in that institute
The cylindrical lens stated is at a distance from line-scan digital camera between 2 centimetres to 60 centimetres.
5. according to claim 1 for measuring the holographic real-time measurement apparatus of moving particle partial size, which is characterized in that institute
The line-scan digital camera stated is CCD camera or CMOS camera, and the pixel size of line-scan digital camera is 5 microns to 30 microns, and pixel quantity is
256n × 1 or 256n × 2, wherein n is positive integer, and minimum exposure time is in 10 microseconds hereinafter, sample frequency is per second greater than 20 frames.
6. according to claim 1 for measuring the holographic real-time measurement apparatus of moving particle partial size, which is characterized in that institute
The laser light source stated is mono-colour laser, and laser wavelength range is 350 nanometers to 700 nanometers.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109297874A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-01 | 浙江大学 | It is a kind of for measuring the holographic method for real-time measurement and device of moving particle partial size |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109297874A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-01 | 浙江大学 | It is a kind of for measuring the holographic method for real-time measurement and device of moving particle partial size |
| CN109297874B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2023-09-22 | 浙江大学 | Holographic real-time measurement method and device for measuring particle size of moving particles |
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