CN209169948U - Route electromagnetic pulse protective device - Google Patents
Route electromagnetic pulse protective device Download PDFInfo
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- CN209169948U CN209169948U CN201821217649.9U CN201821217649U CN209169948U CN 209169948 U CN209169948 U CN 209169948U CN 201821217649 U CN201821217649 U CN 201821217649U CN 209169948 U CN209169948 U CN 209169948U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of route electromagnetic pulse protective devices; it is related to Electro-Magnetic Pulse Protection technical field; the route electromagnetic pulse protective device and need connection to be protected, the route electromagnetic pulse protective device include Energy suppression unit, waveform adjustment unit one and the filter unit being linked in sequence；The Energy suppression unit needs the energy of the electromagnetic pulse in route to be protected for releasing over the ground or to All other routes；The waveform adjustment unit one is used to delay the waveform rate of change of the electromagnetic pulse；The filter unit, which is used to release, to be needed the energy of the electromagnetic pulse in route to be protected, absorbs the energy of the electromagnetic pulse and delay the waveform rate of change of the electromagnetic pulse.In this way by Energy suppression unit interconnected, waveform adjustment unit one and filter unit, the route electromagnetic pulse protecting circuit under high-frequency electromagnetic impulse action is effectively realized.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to electromagnetic pulse protection technology fields, fill more particularly, to a kind of route Electro-Magnetic Pulse Protection
It sets.
Background technique
It is various electronic equipments that Surge Protector (also known as surge protector, lightning protection device etc.), which is a kind of, instrument and meter, is led to
It interrogates route and the electronic device of security protection is provided.When the interference in electric loop or communication line because of the external world generates electricity suddenly
When gushing electric current or transient overvoltage, shunting can be connected in surge protector in a very short period of time, to avoid surge to circuit
The damage of middle other equipment, surge protector can effectively absorb the huge energy of burst, with protection connection equipment from by
Damage.
From principle, Surge Protector is common a kind of Electro-Magnetic Pulse Protection device on the market at this stage, core member
Part is the switching modes such as varistor, gas-discharge tube or votage limit type component, but the problems such as due to element, structure, standard, these
Device is mainly used for the protection of the electromagnetic pulses such as the lower thunder and lightning of electromagnetic frequency, switching overvoltage.
When the electromagnetic pulse that the electromagnetic pulse for high frequency, the electromagnetic pulse generated such as nuclear blast, ELECTROMAGNETIC BOMB generate, in this way
Surge Protector often protection effect is extremely limited.This is because the pulse of thunder and lightning, the overvoltage occurred in operation at this stage
Frequency is lower, and the rising edge of the test waveform generated in corresponding testing standard is that Microsecond grade is other, and integrated testability equipment
The Open Output Voltage that can be generated is generally tens KV.And the electromagnetic pulse waveform of the generations such as nuclear explosion, ELECTROMAGNETIC BOMB is upper
It rises along being that nanosecond is other, the Open Output Voltage that test equipment can be generated is hundreds of KV.Allow for traditional surge protection
Protection Product as device, can not be to high-frequency electromagnetic arteries and veins due to the response time of component, dielectric level, parasitic inductance etc.
Purging with can also be damaged for effective protection or even Surge Protector itself by high-frequency impulse.
In conclusion the protection method of existing Surge Protector is by various components self-resistance under high voltages
Variation come realize protection.Common element mainly has varistor, gas-discharge tube.It is primarily present following problems:
1, the problem of the element responds time: there is certain response time in protection component, gas is put under normal conditions
The fulgurite response time is 100ns, varistor 25ns.It is provided in 8848 standard of GJB, the PCI of high-frequency electromagnetic pulse injects real
It is wave head time < 20ns, the current wave of halfwidth time 500-550ns used in testing.The component response time compares test waves
The wave head time of shape is also long, can not play a protective role.
2, the problem of Surge Protector built-in electrical insulation level: this problem to the response time be in fact it is relevant, due to device
The part response time has been more than the wave head time of current wave, and Surge Protector both ends are subjected to caused by high-frequency electromagnetic pulse at this time
Huge voltage, peak value can be up to hundreds of KV, cause component periphery insulation encapsulating, sealant breakdown, cause Surge Protector
Damage.
Additionally by a large amount of test, it further determined that conventional Surge Protector cannot play and work be effectively protected
With usual relieving capacity can only achieve the half or so of PCI Injection Current, that is, injection 1KA tests electric current, finally has big
About 500A electric current reaches protected device, to cause the damage of protected device.
Utility model content
In view of the above technical problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of route electromagnetic pulse protective devices, lead to
Energy suppression unit, waveform adjustment unit one and filter unit interconnected are crossed, effectively realizes and makees in high-frequency electromagnetic pulse
Route electromagnetic pulse protecting circuit under.
To achieve the above object, the utility model provides following technical solution: a kind of route electromagnetic pulse protective device,
The route electromagnetic pulse protective device and need connection to be protected, the route electromagnetic pulse protective device include that sequence connects
Energy suppression unit, waveform adjustment unit one and the filter unit connect；
The Energy suppression unit needs the electromagnetic pulse in route to be protected for releasing over the ground or to All other routes
Energy；
The waveform adjustment unit one is used to delay the waveform rate of change of the electromagnetic pulse；
The filter unit, which is used to release, to be needed the energy of the electromagnetic pulse in route to be protected, absorbs the electromagnetic pulse
Energy and the waveform rate of change for delaying the electromagnetic pulse.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, the Energy suppression unit to need route to be protected by way of releasing come
The energy of electromagnetic pulse is excluded, the protection to route to be protected is needed is reached；The waveform adjustment unit one presses down energy
Unit processed has sufficient actuation time, preferably reaches the performance of releasing to electromagnetic pulse.The filter unit letting out again
It puts, absorb the energy of electromagnetic pulse and delay the waveform rate of change of electromagnetic pulse, preferably reach the protection to electromagnetic pulse
Effect.
The utility model is further arranged to: the filter unit be also used to the electromagnetic pulse or electromagnetic interference into
Row filtering.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, the filter unit is also used to be filtered the electromagnetic pulse.So that should
Route electromagnetic pulse protective device also has filter function while having Spark gap function.
The utility model is further arranged to: the Energy suppression unit includes varistor, and the one of the varistor
End with it is described need to connection to be protected, the other end ground connection of the varistor or with other connections；
In addition, one end of the Energy suppression unit and the need connection to be protected is just the Energy suppression list
One end of member, Energy suppression unit ground connection or be just the another of the Energy suppression unit with one end of other connections
End.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, the energy of the electromagnetic pulse can be released at ground connection by varistor
Or on other routes, being achieved in protection needs the purpose of route to be protected.
The utility model is further arranged to: the varistor of the Energy suppression unit can be by gas-discharge tube, TVS
Pipe or other nonlinear switching components are substituted；
The Energy suppression unit can also be formed including the varistor of serial or parallel connection together and gas-discharge tube
Circuit one.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, by gas-discharge tube or circuit once can be the energy of the electromagnetic pulse
Be released at ground connection or other routes on, being achieved in protection needs the purpose of route to be protected.
The utility model is further arranged to: the Energy suppression unit further includes broken circuit protecting equipment, and the open circuit is protected
One end of protection unit and the need connection to be protected, the other end of the broken circuit protecting equipment and the varistor
One end, one end of the gas-discharge tube of the substitution varistor or one end of circuit one connect, the varistor
The other end, the substitution varistor the other end of the gas-discharge tube or the other end ground connection of circuit one or even
It is connected on other routes.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, the broken circuit protecting equipment described so is just varistor, the substitution pressure-sensitive electricity
The gas-discharge tube or circuit one of resistance provide Thermal protection and power frequency overcurrent protection function, security performance are good.
The utility model is further arranged to: the waveform adjustment unit one includes inductance one, one end of the inductance one
With need connection to be protected, the other end of the inductance one is connect with the filter unit.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, inductance value delays more greatly the waveform rate of change of the electromagnetic pulse longer,
Effect is better.
The utility model is further arranged to: the filter unit includes CL filter circuit, and the CL filter circuit includes
Capacitor and inductance two, one end of the capacitor, the inductance two one end connected with the other end of the inductance one, the capacitor
The other end ground connection or be connected on other routes.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, releasing by the capacitor needs the energy of the electromagnetic pulse in route to be protected
Amount, the capacitive reactance generated respectively under electromagnetic pulse by the capacitor and inductance two and induction reactance absorb the energy of the electromagnetic pulse
Further delay the waveform rate of change of the electromagnetic pulse with inductance two.Thus reaching further protection needs route to be protected
Function.
The utility model is further arranged to: the route electromagnetic pulse protective device includes the waveform adjustment being linked in sequence
Unit one, Energy suppression unit and filter unit carry out Energy suppression unit, waveform adjustment unit one and the filter that alternate orders connect
Wave unit.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, the Energy suppression unit still can be realized in this way to need route to be protected
The energy of electromagnetic pulse is excluded by way of releasing, reaches the protection to route to be protected is needed；The waveform adjustment
Unit one makes Energy suppression unit have sufficient actuation time, preferably reaches the performance of releasing to electromagnetic pulse.It is described
The filter unit energy released, absorb electromagnetic pulse again and the waveform rate of change for delaying electromagnetic pulse, preferably reach
To the protective action of electromagnetic pulse.
The utility model is further arranged to: the route electromagnetic pulse protective device further includes waveform adjustment unit two,
The waveform adjustment unit two includes inductance three, the inductance of the inductance one of the inductance and waveform adjustment unit one of the inductance three
Identical, the inductance three is connected between need route to be protected and the Energy suppression unit.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, it is added to waveform adjustment unit two in this way, more can be realized the Energy suppression
Unit excludes the energy of electromagnetic pulse by way of releasing in need route to be protected, reaches to need route to be protected
Protection；When the waveform adjustment unit one and waveform adjustment unit two make Energy suppression unit have more sufficient movement
Between, preferably reach the performance of releasing to electromagnetic pulse.The filter unit energy released, absorb electromagnetic pulse again and
The waveform rate of change for delaying electromagnetic pulse, preferably reaches the protective action to electromagnetic pulse.
In conclusion the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
1, waveform adjustment unit one can delay the rising time of electromagnetic pulse induction wave, so that in Energy suppression unit
Protection device has the sufficient response time to be protected.
2, waveform adjustment unit one can increase subsequent conditioning circuit impedance, so that more electromagnetic energies pass through Energy suppression unit
It releases.
3, filter unit further decreases residual pulse energy by itself circuit, the energy storage of element, the effect releasing, delay
The peak value of amount and the rising edge speed of electromagnetic pulse.
4, electrical combination in this way not only can play good protective action to high-frequency electromagnetic pulse, can also be right
Protective action is played in the low frequency electromagnetics pulse such as thunder and lightning, switching overvoltage, and residual voltage, residual flow and the electricity of electromagnetic pulse can be greatly lowered
The rising edge climbing speed of magnetic field impulse, improves actual protecting effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the first structure of the route electromagnetic pulse protective device of the utility model；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of second of structure of the route electromagnetic pulse protective device of the utility model；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the third structure of the route electromagnetic pulse protective device of the utility model；
Fig. 4 is the Energy suppression unit with first way of the route electromagnetic pulse protective device of the utility model
The circuit diagram of the first structure；
Fig. 5 is the Energy suppression unit with the second way of the route electromagnetic pulse protective device of the utility model
The circuit diagram of the first structure；
Fig. 6 is the Energy suppression unit with the third mode of the route electromagnetic pulse protective device of the utility model
The circuit diagram of the first structure.
Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of second of structure of the route electromagnetic pulse protective device of the utility model；
Fig. 8 is the circuit diagram of the third structure of the route electromagnetic pulse protective device of the utility model.
Appended drawing reference: MOV, varistor；GDT, gas-discharge tube；FU1, broken circuit protecting equipment；L1, inductance one；C1, electricity
Hold；L2, inductance two；L3: inductance three.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with attached drawing.
As Figure 1-Figure 8, route electromagnetic pulse protective device, the route electromagnetic pulse protective device and need are to be protected
Connection, route electromagnetic pulse protective device include the Energy suppression unit being linked in sequence, waveform adjustment unit one and filtering
Unit；
Energy suppression unit needs the energy of the electromagnetic pulse in route to be protected for releasing over the ground or to All other routes；
The energy of electromagnetic pulse is excluded to route to be protected is needed by way of releasing.
Waveform adjustment unit one is used to delay the waveform rate of change of electromagnetic pulse；So that Energy suppression unit has abundance
Actuation time.
Filter unit, which is used to further release, to be needed the energy of the electromagnetic pulse in route to be protected, absorbs the electromagnetic pulse
Energy and delay the waveform rate of change of the electromagnetic pulse.The energy released, absorb electromagnetic pulse again and delay electromagnetism
The waveform rate of change of pulse.
Filter unit is also used to be filtered electromagnetic pulse or electromagnetic interference.So that having filter function.
Energy suppression unit includes varistor MOV, and varistor can be 20D511 model or the pressure of 34S511 model
Quick resistance, one end of varistor MOV and needs connection to be protected, the other end ground connection of varistor MOV or with it is other
Connection；By varistor MOV the energy of electromagnetic pulse can be released at ground connection or other routes on.
In addition, one end of Energy suppression unit and need connection to be protected is just one end of Energy suppression unit, energy
Amount inhibits unit ground connection or is just the other end of Energy suppression unit with one end of other connections, is defined after being easy in this way
The continuous connection relationship distinguished with Energy suppression unit.
The varistor MOV of Energy suppression unit can be by gas-discharge tube GDT, TVS pipe or other nonlinear switchings
Property component substituted, the nonlinear switching component include IGBT switch or thyristor；One end of gas-discharge tube GDT
With need connection to be protected, the other end of gas-discharge tube GDT and other connections, gas-discharge tube GDT are
The gas-discharge tube of ZD2R800PI-100X model or ZD2R600B-20X model；
Energy suppression unit can also be including the varistor MOV of serial or parallel connection together and gas-discharge tube GDT shape
At circuit one, one end of circuit one and need connection to be protected, the other end ground connection of circuit one or with other routes
Connection.By gas-discharge tube GDT or circuit once the energy of electromagnetic pulse capable of being released at ground connection or other routes
On.
Energy suppression unit further includes broken circuit protecting equipment FU1, and broken circuit protecting equipment FU1 is Thermal Cutoffs, buckle releaser
Perhaps fuse broken circuit protecting equipment FU1 can be the Thermal Cutoffs of S115 model or Q115 model, broken circuit protecting equipment
One end of FU1 and need connection to be protected, the other end of broken circuit protecting equipment FU1 and one end, the substitution of varistor MOV
One end of the gas-discharge tube GDT of varistor MOV or one end connection of circuit one, the other end of varistor MOV, substitution
The other end of the gas-discharge tube GDT of varistor MOV or the other end ground connection of circuit one are connected on other routes.
Broken circuit protecting equipment FU1 so is just that varistor MOV, the gas-discharge tube GDT of substitution varistor MOV or circuit one mention
For Thermal protection and power frequency overcurrent protection function.
Waveform adjustment unit one includes one L1 of inductance, and one L1 of inductance is the air core inductor of hollow core conductor coiling, one L1 of inductance
One end and need connection to be protected, the other end of one L1 of inductance is connect with filter unit.The inductance of one L1 of inductance is
10 μ H or more, inductance value delay more greatly the waveform rate of change of electromagnetic pulse longer.Particularly, according to Xi'an Communications University
The teaching material title that publishing house publishes is " pulse-current technique ", the publication date is " October the 1st edition in 2008 ", author is " Chen Jing
Bright Yao Xueling Sun Wei " and book number are to calculate work according to formula 3-6 in the teaching material of " ISBN 978-75605-2756-7/TM.73 "
For the calculation formula of the impulse waveform transformation period T1 of wave front timeT1*For the damped coefficient in the circuit of pulse
Under corresponding coefficient (tabling look-up obtained by 2-2 in the teaching material), general value range be 0.7-1.2, L be one L1 of inductance inductance
Amount, C are the capacitance of capacitor CI, which is often 10nF or more, in this way after inductance and capacitor when waveform rising edge
Between can delay to 200ns or more so that Energy suppression unit has sufficient actuation time.
Filter unit includes CL filter circuit, and CL filter circuit includes two L2 of capacitor C1 and inductance, one end of capacitor C1, electricity
The one end for feeling two L2 is connected with the other end of one L1 of inductance, and the other end of capacitor C1 is grounded or is connected on other routes.It is logical
Capacitor C1 is crossed come the energy of the electromagnetic pulse in need route to be protected of releasing, by capacitor C1 and two L2 of inductance in electromagnetic pulse
The lower capacitive reactance generated respectively and induction reactance further delay the electromagnetic pulse come the energy and two L2 of inductance for absorbing the electromagnetic pulse
Waveform rate of change.Filter unit can also be multistage filter circuit.It is the 2.2 above safety of μ F that capacitance, which can be used, in capacitor C1
The air core inductor that inductance is 10 μ H or more can be used in capacitor, two L2 of inductance.
Route electromagnetic pulse protective device includes that the waveform adjustment unit one being linked in sequence, Energy suppression unit and filtering are single
Member carrys out Energy suppression unit, waveform adjustment unit one and the filter unit of alternate orders connection；
In this way, one end of one L1 of inductance in waveform adjustment unit one and need connection to be protected, waveform adjustment are single
The other end of one L1 of inductance in member one is connect with one end of Energy suppression unit, the other end of Energy suppression unit be grounded or with
Other connections；
The other end of one L1 of inductance in waveform adjustment unit one also with one end of the capacitor C1 of filter unit and inductance two
One end of L2 connects, and the other end of capacitor C1 is grounded or is connected on other routes.It still can be realized Energy suppression in this way
Unit excludes the energy of electromagnetic pulse by way of releasing in need route to be protected, reaches to need route to be protected
Protection；Waveform adjustment unit one makes Energy suppression unit have sufficient actuation time, preferably reaches to electromagnetic pulse
Performance of releasing.The filter unit energy released, absorb electromagnetic pulse again and the waveform rate of change for delaying electromagnetic pulse.
Energy suppression unit still be can be realized in this way to needing route to be protected by way of releasing come the energy of electromagnetic pulse
It excludes, reaches the protection to route to be protected is needed；Waveform adjustment unit one makes Energy suppression unit have sufficient movement
Time preferably reaches the performance of releasing to electromagnetic pulse.The filter unit energy released, absorb electromagnetic pulse again and prolong
The waveform rate of change of slow electromagnetic pulse.
Route electromagnetic pulse protective device further includes waveform adjustment unit two, which includes inductance three
The inductance of the inductance one of the inductance and waveform adjustment unit one of L3, three L3 of inductance is identical, and inductance three, which is connected on, to be needed to protect
Route and Energy suppression unit between.It is added to waveform adjustment unit two in this way, more can be realized Energy suppression unit to need
Route to be protected excludes the energy of electromagnetic pulse by way of releasing, and reaches the protection to route to be protected is needed；
Waveform adjustment unit one and waveform adjustment unit two make Energy suppression unit have more sufficient actuation time, preferably reach
To the performance of releasing of electromagnetic pulse.The filter unit energy released, absorb electromagnetic pulse again and the wave for delaying electromagnetic pulse
Shape rate of change.
This specific embodiment is only the explanation to the utility model, is not limitations of the present invention, ability
Field technique personnel can according to need the modification that not creative contribution is made to the present embodiment after reading this specification, but
As long as all by the protection of Patent Law in the scope of the claims of the utility model.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of route electromagnetic pulse protective device, it is characterised in that: the route electromagnetic pulse protective device and need are to be protected
Connection, the route electromagnetic pulse protective device include the Energy suppression unit being linked in sequence, one and of waveform adjustment unit
Filter unit；
The Energy suppression unit needs the energy of the electromagnetic pulse in route to be protected for releasing over the ground or to All other routes；
The waveform adjustment unit one is used to delay the waveform rate of change of the electromagnetic pulse；The filter unit is for releasing
The energy of the electromagnetic pulse in route to be protected is needed, the energy of the electromagnetic pulse is absorbed and the waveform of the electromagnetic pulse is delayed to become
Change rate.
2. route electromagnetic pulse protective device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the filter unit is also used to pair
The electromagnetic pulse or electromagnetic interference are filtered.
3. route electromagnetic pulse protective device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the Energy suppression unit includes
Varistor MOV, one end of the varistor MOV and the need connection to be protected, the varistor MOV's is another
One end ground connection or with other connections；
In addition, one end of the Energy suppression unit and the need connection to be protected is just the Energy suppression unit
One end, Energy suppression unit ground connection or with one end of other connections be just the Energy suppression unit the other end.
4. route electromagnetic pulse protective device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the pressure of the Energy suppression unit
Quick resistance can be substituted by gas-discharge tube, TVS pipe or other nonlinear switching components；
The electricity that the Energy suppression unit can also be formed including the varistor of serial or parallel connection together and gas-discharge tube
Lu Yi.
5. route electromagnetic pulse protective device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the Energy suppression unit also wraps
Include broken circuit protecting equipment, one end of the broken circuit protecting equipment and the need connection to be protected, the open circuit protection dress
One end of the other end and the varistor set, one end of the gas-discharge tube of the substitution varistor or circuit
One one end connection, the other end of the varistor, the substitution varistor the gas-discharge tube the other end or
The other end of person's circuit one is grounded or is connected on other routes.
6. route electromagnetic pulse protective device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the waveform adjustment unit one wraps
Inductance one is included, one end of the inductance one and need connection to be protected, the other end of the inductance one and the filtering are single
Member connection.
7. route electromagnetic pulse protective device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the filter unit includes filtering
Circuit, the filter circuit include capacitor and inductance two, one end of the capacitor, one end of the inductance two and the inductance one
The other end connection, the capacitor the other end ground connection or be connected on other routes.
8. route electromagnetic pulse protective device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the route Electro-Magnetic Pulse Protection
Device includes that the waveform adjustment unit one being linked in sequence, Energy suppression unit and filter unit carry out the energy that alternate orders connects and press down
Unit, waveform adjustment unit one and filter unit processed.
9. route electromagnetic pulse protective device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the route Electro-Magnetic Pulse Protection
Device further includes waveform adjustment unit two, which includes inductance three, the inductance and waveform of the inductance three
The inductance of the inductance one of adjustment unit one is identical, and the inductance three is connected on need route to be protected and energy suppression
Between unit processed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821217649.9U CN209169948U (en) | 2018-07-31 | 2018-07-31 | Route electromagnetic pulse protective device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821217649.9U CN209169948U (en) | 2018-07-31 | 2018-07-31 | Route electromagnetic pulse protective device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN209169948U true CN209169948U (en) | 2019-07-26 |
Family
ID=67327751
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821217649.9U Active CN209169948U (en) | 2018-07-31 | 2018-07-31 | Route electromagnetic pulse protective device |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN209169948U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114552558A (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2022-05-27 | 电子科技大学 | VGA signal line protection circuit with integration of transient device and RLC device |
-
2018
- 2018-07-31 CN CN201821217649.9U patent/CN209169948U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114552558A (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2022-05-27 | 电子科技大学 | VGA signal line protection circuit with integration of transient device and RLC device |
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