CN2091359U - Test station for simple turbosupercharger - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a test station for a simple turbo supercharger. The structure adopts a piston compressor with small flow and high pressure ratio as an air source. High pressure air is stored in a gas storage tank. When starting, the starting valve is opened. The air flows into an expanding nozzle at the compressor end of the turbo supercharger and is directly used for generating break-out torque on the impeller of a compressor. Therefore, the structure is named pressure storage type air compressor end blast starting structure. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, safe operation, energy source saving and easy automation control realization. The costs of the construction and tests of a test station can be reduced. In addition, the utility model can also satisfy the requirements of factories and researching and operating departments for testing self circulation of turbo superchargers.

Description

Test station for simple turbosupercharger

Simple and easy turbocharger test bench described in the utility model is the Laboratory Furniture that adopts little source of the gas, pressure storage type, the blowing of gas compressor end to start.

The domestic and international at present prior art about turbocharger test bench can be divided into full performance experiment table and self-loopa Laboratory Furniture two big classes.The former is a usefulness of doing the turbocharger air compressor total external characteristic, so Laboratory Furniture must have very big source of the gas, cost is very expensive.The latter is equivalent to a gas turbine cycle Laboratory Furniture.After starting, cut off the Laboratory Furniture source of the gas, turbine and gas compressor form self-loopa, so be called the self-loopa Laboratory Furniture.The self-loopa Laboratory Furniture of turbosupercharger all uses the method that the turbine end blowing starts both at home and abroad, promptly source of the gas, the cold wind with Laboratory Furniture blows turbine, produces expansion work in turbine, rotates thereby drive gas compressor, when reaching certain rotating speed after-burner igniting, form self-loopa.But this structure for from the turbine end blowing, must be closed attachment valve when starting, and does not make to start air inflow gas compressor end.For gas compressor institute exhaust body is flowed out, outlet valve must be opened again.Must close outlet valve rapidly again after lighting a fire successfully, open attachment valve, cut off startup source of the gas valve, handle difficulty thereby cause.Again because to start air temperature low, and start the nominal pressure that air pressure often is lower than turbine,, then require to have a large amount of startup air and can realize the purpose that starts for the drive pressure mechanism of qi then must have enough energy.But the air that gas compressor produced in start-up course does not utilize fully, and among have to entering atmosphere from outlet valve, causes the waste of the energy.Carrying out new design to improve its service behaviour at existing problem in the prior art, reduce cost, is very necessary thereby develop a kind of novel simple and easy turbocharger test bench.

In view of existing problem in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of this utility model provides a kind of simple in structure, uses reliable, easy to operate, cheap energy saving to be easy to the novel simple turbocharger test bench of automation control.Application of the present utility model can significantly reduce the expenditure of construction and the testing expenses of Laboratory Furniture, thereby can satisfy factory, research department and use department carry out the self-loopa test to turbosupercharger usefulness.

Simple and easy turbocharger test bench described in the utility model, its constructional device is made up of gas compressor, turbo machine, air supply source, firing chamber, flowmeter, operating valve and connecting pipeline thereof.Its feature has gas holder, air supply source is small-sized source of the gas as shown in drawings in this constructional device, operating valve is divided into steam supply valve and starter gate valve, and gas compressor is the piston compressor of small flow high pressure ratio.Steam supply valve is installed on the delivery outlet and the pipeline between the gas holder inlet opening that connects air supply source.The delivery outlet that starter gate valve is installed in gas holder is connected with the gas compressor inlet opening on the neutral position of pipeline section.The delivery outlet that flowmeter is installed in gas compressor is connected with the inlet opening, firing chamber on the neutral position of line segments.The delivery outlet of firing chamber is connected with the inlet opening of turbo machine by pipeline, starts constructional device thereby constitute the blowing of pressure storage type gas compressor end.On the connecting pipeline in the middle of gas compressor delivery outlet and inlet opening, firing chamber described in the utility model pressure gauge, thermometer and adjusting orifice plate are housed.On the connecting pipeline in the middle of firing chamber delivery outlet and the turbo machine inlet opening, pressure gauge and thermometer are housed.Adjusting orifice plate described in the utility model is orifice meter or double-torsion-line flowmeter.The piston compressor of small flow high pressure ratio described in the utility model can be as source of the gas, and high-pressure air is stored in the gas holder.Open starter gate valve during startup, air enters in the expansion nozzle of turbocharger air compressor end, directly acts on the active wheel of gas compressor and produces starting torque.

The utility model provides a kind of simple and easy turbocharger test bench, the start-up system of this Laboratory Furniture is compared different fully with the normal experiment platform, its characteristics are as follows: (1) is owing to the startup in the blowing of gas compressor end, the energy that starts air is that the mode with the moment of momentum directly acts on the gas compressor active wheel flow through again firing chamber and turbine.So starting air quantity starts much smaller than turbine end.Just because of this reason, source of the gas starts the little storage pressure scheme that just can further adopt of air quantity, promptly uses the source of the gas gas compressor of small flow, high pressure ratio, air is squeezed in the gas holder, usefulness in order to startup can certainly directly directly start with the bigger source of the gas of low pressure, and without gas holder.The advantage of pressure storage type is that source of the gas gas compressor flow can be seldom, and pressure ratio is higher, and the volume of pressure-stored tank also need not be too big, makes to start air shunting miniaturization, thereby saves a large amount of equipment investments.Promptly be to store up to press to start, adopt little source of the gas directly to start, also start and save a large amount of source of the gas investments and the energy expenditure in the experimentation than turbine end.

2. owing to start at the gas compressor end, the air flow process is very suitable, the designs simplification of Laboratory Furniture, compare with former scheme, saved connection valve and bleed valve, the size that starts air valve also can significantly reduce, and these three valves of conventional system all are large diameter, the flow of turbosupercharger is big more, and the size of these valves is just big more.Adjusting orifice plate in the accompanying drawing just considers that in debug process pressure P t before the boost pressure Pk and turbine should simulate the situation of actual diesel engine, can remove or maintain static after the debugging.Owing to the simplification of Laboratory Furniture master gas circuit, also just reduced the cost of Laboratory Furniture, because the Laboratory Furniture in modern age connects valve, bleed valve, starter gate valve is to adopt electrically-controlled valve, cost is quite expensive.

3. start-up course is simplified, easily, reliably greatly.As long as open the starter gate valve behind the gas holder during startup, monitor supercharger speed, when it reaches required value, light a fire, make combustion chambers burn, the stable back of igniting cuts off the startup source of the gas and gets final product, and conventional Starting mode must be closed attachment valve earlier before opening starter gate valve, opens outlet valve, lights a fire when pressurized machine reaches fire speed, must open attachment valve again, close outlet valve, form self-loopa, close the startup line afterwards.Bug is misunderstood and to be caused loss of ignition, not only can not mistake on program, and also to cooperate in time appropriate, not so also can loss of ignition, the accident of bringing disaster to into even.Therefore start and be quite nervous, and loss of ignition often.The utility model tool in control has an enormous advantage, and can carry out automation control very easily, and can not make a mistake, and this just is that the very favorable condition of having created is controlled in saving experiment manpower and realization automation.

Accompanying drawing of the present utility model is the structural representation of simple and easy turbocharger test bench.

Among the figure: 1, turbo machine 2, output shaft 3, gas compressor 4, starter gate valve 5, gas holder 6, steam supply valve 7, air supply source 8, pressure gauge 9, thermometer 10, flowmeter 11, adjusting orifice plate 12, firing chamber 13, thermometer 14, pressure gauge

Specific embodiment of the utility model as shown in drawings, its structure is by air supply source (7), steam supply valve (6), gas holder (5), starter gate valve (4), gas compressor (3), turbo machine (1), firing chamber (12), adjusting orifice plate (11), flowmeter (10), thermometer (9,13), pressure gauge (8,14) and connecting pipeline thereof are formed.Steam supply valve (6) is connected with the inlet opening of air supply source (7) with gas holder (5) respectively by pipeline.Starter gate valve (4) is connected with the delivery outlet of gas holder (5) and the inlet opening of gas compressor (3) respectively by pipeline.Gas compressor (3) delivery outlet is connected by pipeline with firing chamber (12), inlet opening.Order is equipped with pressure gauge (8), thermometer (9), flowmeter (10), regulates orifice plate (11) on intermediate duct.The delivery outlet of firing chamber (12) is connected by the inlet opening of pipeline with turbo machine (1), and thermometer (13), pressure gauge (14) are housed in the middle of pipeline.Turbo machine (1) is connected with gas compressor (3) by output shaft (2).Gas compressor (3) is the piston compressor of small flow high pressure ratio, contains high-pressure air in gas holder (5), and air supply source (7) is small-sized source of the gas.Start-up system of the present utility model is different fully with routine, its working principle is, the startup source of the gas of Laboratory Furniture can adopt flow less, the gas compressor that pressure is high, to start air is stored in the gas holder, startup line and air enter the top of calming the anger of turbosupercharger when starting turbosupercharger, forming the organized air-flow of high speed by nozzle does and is used for the gas compressor active wheel, because air-flow enters active wheel and approaches circumferentially, and flow out active wheel is radially, then active wheel is produced the very big moment of momentum, this moment of momentum acts directly on the gas compressor, is starting torque.Start air that air produces in company with the gas compressor firing chamber of flowing through together, the turbine of flowing through.In turbine, also can utilize the portion of energy that starts air to produce the gas compressor that the turbine merit drives coaxial drive, the pressure air that gas compressor self produces also need not to be discharged in the atmosphere in vain wave and destroys, but behind firing chamber and turbine, be discharged in the atmosphere, this part energy also can utilize.When the rotating speed of turbosupercharger reaches certain, when promptly producing the pressure that enough can supply the firing chamber igniting, the ignition combustion chamber, the self-circulation system of formation turbine and gas compressor, cut-out starts source of the gas and gets final product.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of simple and easy turbocharger test bench, its constructional device is made up of gas compressor (3), turbo machine (1), air supply source (7), firing chamber (12), flowmeter (10), operating valve and connecting pipeline thereof; It is characterized in that having gas holder (5) in this constructional device, air supply source (7) is small-sized source of the gas, operating valve is divided into steam supply valve (6) and starter gate valve (4); Gas compressor (3) is the piston compressor of small flow high pressure ratio; Steam supply valve (6) is installed on the delivery outlet and the pipeline between gas storage narrow-necked earthen jar (5) inlet opening that connects air supply source (7); The delivery outlet that starter gate valve (4) is installed in gas holder (5) is connected with gas compressor (3) inlet opening on the neutral position of line segments, and the delivery outlet that flowmeter (10) is installed in gas compressor (3) is connected with inlet opening, firing chamber (12) on the neutral position of line segments; The delivery outlet of firing chamber (12) is connected by the inlet opening of pipeline with turbo machine (1), starts constructional device thereby constitute the blowing of pressure storage type gas compressor end.

2, simple and easy turbocharger test bench according to claim 1, it is characterized in that on the connecting pipeline in the middle of gas compressor (3) delivery outlet and the inlet opening, firing chamber (12), being equipped with pressure gauge (8), thermometer (9) and regulate orifice plate (11), on the connecting pipeline in the middle of firing chamber (12) delivery outlet and turbo machine (1) inlet opening, pressure gauge (14), thermometer (13) are housed.

3, simple and easy turbocharger test bench according to claim 1, it is characterized in that regulating orifice plate (11) is orifice meter or double-torsion-line flowmeter.

4, simple and easy turbocharger test bench according to claim 1, the piston compressor (3) that it is characterized in that the small flow high pressure ratio can be as source of the gas, high-pressure air is stored in the gas holder (5), open high moving valve (4) during startup, air enters in the expansion nozzle of turbocharger air compressor (3) end, directly acts on the active wheel of gas compressor.

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