Background technique
Fire coal boiler fume lime stone-gypsum wet desulfurization is current domestic most widely used scrubbing CO_2 work
Skill.Its advantage protruded is: desulfuration efficiency is high, recyclable gypsum, technical maturity are reliable, to coal-fired sulfur content and boiler load
It is very strong to change adaptability.In the cyclic absorption slurries of wet desulfuration tower, it can all be enriched with chlorion CL- note: be mainly derived from
HCl in flue gas, and high concentration CL- has very strong corrosivity to metal, so generally requiring the chloride ion in loop slurry
Concentration controls within 20000ppm.By the loop slurry outlet of certain volume, so that it may reduce the chloride ion in loop slurry
Concentration is arranged more, and chlorion concentration is with regard to low.In practical projects, separate unit 300MW unit wet desulphurization need to generally discharge 3
~ 4m3/h, separate unit 600MW unit need to discharge 5 ~ 6m3/h.Here it is the sources of desulfurization wastewater.
Desulfurization wastewater cannot direct outlet, need to adjust by pH value, be solidifying added with machine removal of sulphur heavy metal, plus coagulation/help
Some also need to add sodium hypochlorite removal COD for agent, finally enter clarification/inspissator.Clarification/inspissator supernatant liquor meets " sewage
Comprehensive discharge standard GB8978-1996 " level-one or second level are discharged;The sludge for being deposited in lower part forms mud cake by dehydration,
Sludge transfers to the unit for meeting related qualification to be disposed.
In recent years, increasingly severe with the raising of people's environmental consciousness and environmental regulation, energy conservation and environmental protection is by extensive
Pay attention to.Desulfurization wastewater passes through above-mentioned conventional process, right after all although can achieve integrated wastewater discharge standard
Receiving water body generates pollution.Therefore, more and more power plant domestic at present require to carry out zero discharge treatment to desulfurization wastewater.That is,
Conventional treatment process as it is pretreated on the basis of, then by ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis treatment, treated, and fresh water is recycled,
The condensed water of reduction is evaporated through vaporising device again, realizes desulfurization wastewater zero-emission.
The typical power output process flow of above-mentioned " desulfurization wastewater zero-emission " is long and complex, investment height and operation and maintenance cost
Height, therefore development process is more brief, investment and the lower technology processing system of O&M expense just seem very urgent.
Utility model content
The purpose of the utility model is to provide the zero discharge treatment systems of a kind of concentration of desulfurization wastewater, evaporation and crystallization one
System will solve the problem that existing FGD Wastewater Treatment Process is long, and process is complicated, and investment is high and operation and maintenance cost is high.
To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
The zero-discharge treatment system of a kind of concentration of desulfurization wastewater, evaporation and crystallization one, including circuiting sequentially the dense of connection
It contracting evaporator, vapour compression machine, steam collector, evaporation and heat-exchange face, steam condensate (SC) collector, steam separator box and follows naturally
Ring heating device.
The evaporation and heat-exchange face is located in concentration evaporator, the upper end stretch out concentration evaporator and be located at concentration and evaporation
The steam collector of device top surface is connected to, and lower end is connected to the steam condensate (SC) collector being located in concentration evaporator.
The concentration evaporator lower part is desulfurization wastewater part, top is Low Temperature Steam part;Low Temperature Steam part it is low
Warm steam is pumped in vapour compression machine by the first pipeline, and pressurization, heating form high-pressure and high-temperature steam, and low temperature in it
The temperature difference between steam and high-pressure and high-temperature steam is 8~10 DEG C.
The evaporation and heat-exchange face includes one group of heat-exchanging tube bundle being vertically disposed.
One end of heat-exchanging tube bundle constrains in steam collector, the other end constrains in steam condensate (SC) collector, middle part
Semi-free swing state is in the desulfurization wastewater of the desulfurization wastewater part of concentration evaporator lower part.
The heat-exchanging tube bundle is the polytetrafluoro pipe of diameter 10mm, wall thickness 1mm.
The steam separation upper box part is vapor portion, lower part is condensate portion;Its entrance be located at vapor portion side,
And be connected to by the second pipeline with steam condensate (SC) collector, steam (vapor) outlet is located at vapor portion top and by third pipeline
It is connected to the top surface of concentration evaporator, circulating condensing water out is located at condensate portion bottom end and by the 4th pipeline and nature
Circulating heater connection, outlet condensation-water drain are located at condensate portion side and are utilized by the 5th pipeline outlet.
The natural circulation heating device is located in desulfurizing tower gas approach.
The natural circulation heating device includes one group of heating tube bundle being vertically disposed, and heating tube bundle top is higher by desulfurization
Tower gas approach is suitable for reading, bottom end exceeds mouth under desulfurizing tower gas approach.
The lower mouth of the heating tube bundle is connected to the water outlet of the 4th pipeline, is suitable for reading by the 6th pipeline and steam separator box
Condensate portion the other side connection.
The concentration evaporator includes upper and lower two parts, and it is in cone cylinder shape that upper part, which is in cylindrical deceleration column, lower part,
Cone cylinder portion, and the lower mouth of deceleration column is connected with the suitable for reading of cone cylinder portion.
For installing pressure sensor is successively arranged on the side wall of the deceleration column of the concentration evaporator from top to bottom
One measurement adapter tube, the second measurement adapter tube and third measurement adapter tube.
The first measurement adapter tube is concordant with the top of heat-exchanging tube bundle.
The third measurement adapter tube is concordant with the bottom of heat-exchanging tube bundle.
The upper position setting of the second measurement adapter tube alignment heat-exchanging tube bundle.
Solution density monitoring device is equipped in the concentration evaporator.
The bottom of the concentration evaporator is equipped with the 7th pipeline;The external port of 7th pipeline is connected to outside and position
In the bottom of deceleration column, inner port extends to the bottom in cone cylinder portion.
The external port of 7th pipeline is discharged respectively with desulphurization system come water lines and enriched product by three-way connection
Pipeline connection.
Compared with prior art the utility model have the characteristics that and the utility model has the advantages that
1, in the utility model, desulfurization wastewater realizes that pretreatment, concentration, evaporation, crystallization are integrated;Heat source needed for evaporation
Based on self-produced;Using desulfurizing tower gas approach fume waste heat as supplemental heat source;Finally obtaining product is condensing crystallizing solid
With steam condensate (SC) clean water, recoverable realizes the zero-emission of desulfurization wastewater;And using at the utility model processing system
It manages desulfurization wastewater and hardly adds water treatment agent in the process;The process flow of the entire processing system of the utility model is brief, throws
Money operating cost is low, reaches energy-saving and emission-reduction purpose, provides a kind of concentration and evaporation of economical rationality for thermal power plant desulfurization wastewater
Crystallize integrated processing system.
2, conventional treatment systems include pretreatment unit, ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis unit and vaporising device, and device quantity is more, work
Skill long flow path and complexity, it is difficult in maintenance.
The utility model sets concentration evaporator, and concentration, evaporation, the crystallization of desulfurization wastewater can be in this devices of concentration evaporator
It is inside fully completed, device quantity is few, shorten process flow, reduces investment and O&M expense.
3, evaporation and heat-exchange face is set in concentration evaporator, realizes that the heat between desulfurization wastewater and self-produced high-temperature steam is handed over
It changes;Medium in the heat-exchanging tube bundle in evaporation and heat-exchange face is de- in the concentration evaporator outside high-pressure and high-temperature steam, with heat-exchanging tube bundle
Sulphur waste water carries out heat exchange, so that desulfurization wastewater realizes explosive evaporation in concentration evaporator, desulfurization wastewater is steamed in concentration
Hair device top is constantly concentrated, evaporates and crystallizes, and final solids under the effect of gravity, is deposited to based on NaCl and CaSO4
The discharge of concentration evaporator lower part.
4, evaporation and heat-exchange face uses osculum warp, thin-walled, polytetrafluoro material, and surface is smooth, does not glue, and non flouling behaviour dirt is stifled;Together
When heat-exchanging tube bundle only both ends constrain, interlude is in semi-free swing state in desulfurization wastewater, and surface can self-cleaning;Evaporation
Phase transformation condensation or boiling heat transfer are realized in heat-transfer surface two sides, and the coefficient of heat transfer is big, therefore can reduce heat exchange area, reduce equipment money
Gold investment.
5, vapour compression machine is set, vapour compression machine extracts the Low Temperature Steam that desulfurization wastewater evaporates from concentration evaporator top,
Low Temperature Steam becomes self-produced high-temperature steam after vapour compression machine pressurization, 8 ~ 10 DEG C of temperature rise of heating and enters in heat-exchanging tube bundle, thus
The temperature difference needed for generating heat exchange, the heat source of desulfurization wastewater evaporation are derived from the self-produced high-temperature steam after its evaporation pressurization, realize steam
It is self-produced;Simultaneously because the swabbing action of vapour compression machine, concentration evaporator is interior to form tiny structure, therefore evaporating column sets for normal pressure
Standby, operation is more stable, and safety is higher.
6, starting heat source is used as extraneous supplemental heat source using desulfurizing tower gas approach waste heat simultaneously;Concentration evaporator and
There is heat dissipation in pipeline, into only 50 DEG C or so of waste water temperature of concentration evaporator, require heat to boiling point, therefore entire technique mistake
Journey can not accomplish that 100% heat source is self-supporting;Nature is arranged in this process system in 110 DEG C of desulfurizing tower gas approach smoke temperature or more
Circulating heater, the steam of generation is as supplemental heat source, and the water being heated in natural circulation heating device is using concentration and evaporation
The condensed water that device generates.
The utility model can be widely applied in waste water treatment system.
Embodiment is shown in Figure 1, a kind of concentration of desulfurization wastewater, evaporation and crystallization one zero-discharge treatment system, packet
Include the concentration evaporator 1 for circuiting sequentially connection, vapour compression machine 2, steam collector 6, evaporation and heat-exchange face 5, steam condensate (SC) receipts
Receive device 7, steam separator box 3 and natural circulation heating device 4;The evaporation and heat-exchange face 5 is located in concentration evaporator 1, the upper end
Stretch out concentration evaporator 1 and be connected to the steam collector 6 for being located at 1 top surface of concentration evaporator, lower end with positioned at concentration evaporator
Steam condensate (SC) collector 7 in 1 is connected to;1 lower part of concentration evaporator is desulfurization wastewater part, top is Low Temperature Steam portion
Point;The Low Temperature Steam of Low Temperature Steam part is pumped in vapour compression machine 2 by the first pipeline 8, and is pressurizeed in it, heating shape
The temperature difference at high-pressure and high-temperature steam, and between Low Temperature Steam and high-pressure and high-temperature steam is 8~10 DEG C;It wraps in the evaporation and heat-exchange face 5
Include one group of heat-exchanging tube bundle being vertically disposed;
One end of heat-exchanging tube bundle constrains in steam collector 6, the other end constrains in steam condensate (SC) collector 7, in
Portion is in semi-free swing state in the desulfurization wastewater of the desulfurization wastewater part of 1 lower part of concentration evaporator;The heat-exchanging tube bundle
For the polytetrafluoro pipe of diameter 10mm, wall thickness 1mm.
3 top of steam separator box is vapor portion, lower part is condensate portion;Its entrance is located at vapor portion one
It side and is connected to steam condensate (SC) collector 7 by the second pipeline 9, steam (vapor) outlet is located at vapor portion top and passes through third
Pipeline 10 is connected to the top surface of concentration evaporator 1, and circulating condensing water out is located at condensate portion bottom end and by the 4th pipeline
11 are connected to natural circulation heating device 4, and outlet condensation-water drain is located at condensate portion side and by outside the 5th pipeline 12
Row utilizes.
The natural circulation heating device 4 is located in desulfurizing tower gas approach 20;The natural circulation heating device 4 includes
One group of heating tube bundle being vertically disposed, heating tube bundle top are higher by that desulfurizing tower gas approach 20 is suitable for reading, bottom end is beyond desulfurizing tower
The lower mouth of gas approach 20;The lower mouth of the heating tube bundle is connected to the water outlet of the 4th pipeline 11, is suitable for reading by the 6th pipeline 13
It is connected to the other side of the condensate portion of steam separator box 3;Gas-vapor mix in 6th pipeline 13;It is cold in 4th pipeline 11
The decline of condensate Natural Circulation.
The concentration evaporator 1 includes upper and lower two parts, and it is in cone cylinder that upper part, which is in cylindrical deceleration column, lower part,
The cone cylinder portion of shape, and the lower mouth of deceleration column is connected with the suitable for reading of cone cylinder portion;Present treatment system needs the parameter controlled are as follows: dense
Liquid level and solution density in contracting evaporator;Present treatment system does not need too many state modulator, simple and easy;The concentration is steamed
It sends out and is successively arranged the first measurement adapter tube 15 for installing pressure sensor, the in the one side wall of the deceleration column of device 1 from top to bottom
Two measurement adapter tubes 16 and third measure adapter tube 17, thus provide the monitoring datas such as liquid level, density;It requires to maintain in concentration evaporator
The substantially constant of liquid level controls inflow according to actual liquid level monitoring data by the second measurement adapter tube, while surveying by first
Amount adapter tube is protected;The first measurement adapter tube 15 is concordant with the top of heat-exchanging tube bundle;The third measures adapter tube 17 and changes
The bottom of heat pipe bundle is concordant;The second measurement adapter tube 16 is aligned the upper position setting of heat-exchanging tube bundle;The concentration evaporator 1
Interior to be equipped with solution density monitoring device, solution density control is realized by solution density monitoring device in concentration evaporator, according to
The discharge of solution density starting solid content;The bottom of the concentration evaporator 1 is equipped with the 7th pipeline 14;7th pipeline 14
External port is connected to and is located at the bottom of deceleration column with outside, and inner port extends to the bottom in cone cylinder portion;7th pipeline 14
External port is connected to respectively with desulphurization system come water lines 18 and enriched product discharge line 19 by three-way connection;Desulphurization system is come
Water lines 18 are equipped with first switch valve;Enriched product discharge line 19 is equipped with second switch valve.
The vapour compression machine is most important energy consumption user in mechanical rotating machinery and present treatment system, this
The centrifugation vapour compression machine and roots-type vapour compression machine that processing system pressurizes to steam and temperature increase requirement is lower therefore domestic are equal
It is able to satisfy requirement, therefore does not need to use import expensive device.
The process flow of the utility model: the desulfurization wastewater temperature that desulphurization system is come is 50 DEG C or so, passes through desulphurization system
Carry out water lines and enter concentration evaporator bottom, concentration evaporator top Low Temperature Steam is extracted and the temperature that heats up of boosting by vapour compression machine
Rise: 8~10 DEG C of formation high-pressure and high-temperature steams, high-pressure and high-temperature steam enters in the heating tube bundle in evaporation and heat-exchange face, with concentration and evaporation
Desulfurization wastewater heat exchange in device, desulfurization wastewater realize explosive evaporation under the conditions of tiny structure, and such desulfurization wastewater is just being concentrated
Evaporator top is constantly concentrated, until crystallizing final solids based on NaCl and CaSO4;In concentration evaporator, top
Concentration desulfurization wastewater specific gravity is larger, and liquid will form free convection in concentration evaporator, and last solids particles enter concentration
The concentrated product discharge line discharge of base of evaporator;Subsequent technique can be using centrifugal dehydration or plate compression technique to discharge
Product is further processed.
High-pressure and high-temperature steam in heating tube bundle is being collected to steam with condensing and flow downward after desulfurization wastewater heat exchange
It is expelled in steam separator box in condensed water collector by the 4th pipeline, drains into most steam in steam separator box
Condensed water is utilized by the 5th pipeline outlet, and a small amount of steam condensate (SC) is filled as the natural circulation heating in desulfurizing tower gas approach
The make-up water source set, supplemental heat source of the steam of generation as concentration evaporator, the heat of supplemental heat source is only concentration evaporator
20% or so of total amount of heat demand, therefore the heat exchange area of natural circulation heating device is smaller.