CN209088577U - A kind of constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger - Google Patents
A kind of constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger Download PDFInfo
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- CN209088577U CN209088577U CN201821911709.7U CN201821911709U CN209088577U CN 209088577 U CN209088577 U CN 209088577U CN 201821911709 U CN201821911709 U CN 201821911709U CN 209088577 U CN209088577 U CN 209088577U
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Abstract
The utility model is a kind of constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger, including the constant-current switch power source that two interpolar of lead-acid battery is lead-acid battery charging is arranged in；It further include the switching tube being arranged in lead-acid battery and constant-current switch power source circuit, charge driving circuit, single chip machine controlling circuit, the charging driving circuit generates pwm signal control switch pipe according to single chip machine controlling circuit and turn on and off at a high speed, and the direct current that constant-current switch power source exports is become high frequency charging pulse and is added between lead-acid battery the two poles of the earth.The lead-acid battery charger of the utility model carries out high speed to output electric current and turns on and off, direct current is become the charging of high frequency charging pulse, promote battery charging tolerance, reduce pole plate temperature rise and gassing phenomenon, it is that the effect to charge is accomplished most preferably, and without detriment to battery pole plates, this pulse type charger can extend one times of common valve controlled sealed lead-acid accumulator service life or more.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to lead-acid accumulators to repair field, especially a kind of constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger.
Background technique
With the in-depth and acceleration of China's economic development, electric bicycle industry started from scratch, to arrive before the more than ten years
Annual several ten million speed increases now, electric bicycle industry have obtained largely popularizing, and become our each families, country
Indispensable trip tool, and the major impetus energy carrier as electric bicycle, lead-acid accumulator are also developed rapidly,
The battery dosage of electric vehicle and other relevant industries increases substantially, while also bringing many problems, due to lead acid storage battery
Cost is relatively low in pond itself, and manufacture is relatively easy, and product stablizes safety, is greatly developed, but itself is using lead etc.
Poisonous metal and related electrochemical material are constituted, and are produced and are scrapped and are easy pollution environment, and the battery of electric bicycle industry
Although dosage is very huge, the battery that user uses often does not reach service life and just scraps in advance, which results in
Very big manpower and material resources and environmental protection pressure, and extending and improving service lifetime of accumulator by some technological means is that can accomplish
's.
Generally in the production of lead-acid accumulator, storage and sales process, it is very heavy for activating and keeping accumulator capacity
The ring wanted, in the storage battery production stage, producer generally uses the method activated batteries of high current charge-discharge, and in other rings
Section, generally charges to battery by the way of constant voltage and current limiting or constant current constant voltage three-stage, these methods and techniques equipment
Be in the initial stage of battery it is effectively, in addition cost is relatively low, but these charging modes have various drawback.
The electrochemistry physical phenomenons such as the usually dehydration, pole plate softening and the vulcanization that cause accumulator capacity to decline, at these
In situation, vulcanization is the principal element for causing capacity decline even to be scrapped, other phenomenons are also all adjoint or cause vulcanization simultaneously
Phenomenon.The reason of leading to the specific phenomenon of defective battery, from charger aspect charge parameter setting in addition to not conforming to
It various reasons, these factors such as also manufactures, sell circulation, use environment caused by managing except impairment factor all can
Phenomena such as causing the vulcanization and dehydration that battery is different degrees of, seriously affects the service life of battery.
Utility model content
The utility model is directed to uses the charger of the lead-acid accumulator of three-stage in lead-acid accumulator due to charging at present
And dehydration, pole plate softening etc. are not handled, and lead to the deficiency of the lost of life of lead-acid accumulator.A kind of constant-current pulse formula plumbic acid is provided
Battery charger.
The technical solution of the utility model is: a kind of constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger, including setting is in plumbic acid electricity
Two interpolar of pond is the constant-current switch power source of lead-acid battery charging；It further include setting in lead-acid battery and constant-current switch power source circuit
Switching tube, charge driving circuit, single chip machine controlling circuit, and the charging driving circuit generates according to single chip machine controlling circuit
Pwm signal control switch pipe carries out high speed and turns on and off, and the direct current that constant-current switch power source exports is become high frequency charging pulse
It is added between lead-acid battery the two poles of the earth.
The lead-acid battery charger of the utility model carries out high speed to output electric current and turns on and off, and direct current is become high frequency
Charging pulse charging promotes battery charging tolerance, reduces pole plate temperature rise and gassing phenomenon, is that the effect of charging is accomplished most preferably,
And without detriment to battery pole plates, this pulse type charger can extend the common valve controlled sealed lead-acid accumulator service life one again with
On.
Further, above-mentioned constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger: further including electric discharge driving circuit, the electric discharge
Driving circuit discharges to lead-acid battery under the control of single chip machine controlling circuit, and the electric discharge driving circuit includes electric discharge electricity
Hinder the driving circuit of R28, switching tube V5 and switching tube V5；Discharge resistance R28, the switching tube V5 is connected in lead-acid battery
Between the two poles of the earth, under single chip machine controlling circuit control, driving switch pipe V5 closure utilizes the driving circuit of the switching tube V5
Discharge resistance R28 discharges to lead-acid battery.
Further, above-mentioned constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger: the driving circuit of the switching tube V5 includes
Triode V8, triode V7, triode V6, resistance R20, resistance R21 and resistance R27；
Triode V8 is PNP type triode, and emitter connects the pin that single chip machine controlling circuit generates discharge control signal,
Base stage connects 5V working power, collector by resistance R20 and connects 12V working power by resistance R21, connects three poles by resistance R27
The emitter of the base stage of pipe V6 and triode V7, triode V6 is connected with the collector of triode V7 and connects the grid of switching tube V5
Pole, the collector of triode V6 connect 12V working power, the emitter ground connection of triode V7.
Further, above-mentioned constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger: further including voltage selecting circuit, the monolithic
Machine control circuit controls voltage selecting circuit and charges to the lead-acid battery of different size；The voltage selecting circuit includes to lead
Sour battery carries out the voltage sample filter circuit and voltage commutation circuit of voltage acquisition；The single chip machine controlling circuit controls root
Voltage commutation circuit is controlled according to the lead-acid battery voltage that voltage sample filter circuit exports.
Further, above-mentioned constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger: further including the detection and connection for battery
Polar protective circuit, the polar protective circuit include battery access protection circuit and polarity selection conversion circuit；
The battery access protection circuit includes resistance R31, resistance R32, relay K1；Relay K1 is arranged in plumbic acid
Between battery and access charging current, the collector of triode V9 connects 12V working power, emitter by the winding of relay K1
Ground connection, base stage, which connects, is connected to the bleeder circuit of lead-acid battery partial pressure with what resistance R31 was formed by resistance R32；
The described polarity selection conversion circuit include self-lock switch S3, resistance R35, resistance R36, resistance R29, resistance R34,
Resistance R30, triode V10, diode D11, relay K2, precision potentiator RP2, precision potentiator RP3；Triode V10's
Base stage connects 5V working power by resistance R35 and self-lock switch S3, passes through resistance R36 sending and receiving emitter-base bandgap grading, emitter ground connection, collector
12V working power is connect by the winding of relay K2；
The selection all the way of relay K2 is that resistance R29, precision potentiator RP2, resistance R30 connect the electricity of single chip machine controlling circuit
Road source is connected with the anode of lead-acid battery；
It is that resistance R34, precision potentiator RP3, resistance R30 connect the circuit source and plumbic acid electricity of single chip machine controlling circuit all the way
The anode in pond is connected.
Further, above-mentioned constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger: the charging driving circuit is in single-chip microcontroller
Control circuit control driving is arranged in the switching tube V1 high speed between constant-current switch power source and lead-acid battery to be repaired and opens and close
Disconnected circuit, including triode V2, the collector of the triode V2 are electrically connected with the grid of switching tube V1, and emitter connects
Ground, base stage are connect the pin of the pwm signal of single chip machine controlling circuit generation by current limliting R22, are arranged between base stage and emitter
Resistance R24.
Further, above-mentioned constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger: further including the pulse to lead-acid battery is input to
Signal carries out the shaping circuit that shaping forms precipitous pulse signal, and the shaping circuit includes capacitor C9, triode V4, three
Pole pipe V3, voltage-stabiliser tube D8；The capacitor C9 is arranged between the grid of switching tube V1 and the collector of triode V2, anode court
The grid direction of switching tube V1；The collector of voltage-stabiliser tube D8 and triode V3, emitter are arranged in parallel the source electrode in switching tube V1
Between grid, the anode of voltage-stabiliser tube D8 and the collector of triode V3 are connected with the source electrode of switching tube V1 respectively, triode V4
Base stage meet working power VCC, collector connects the base stage of triode V3 by resistance R25, and transmitter passes through resistance R23 order piece
The pin for the pwm signal that machine control circuit generates.
Further, above-mentioned constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger: the single chip machine controlling circuit includes monolithic
Machine core piece IC1 and its peripheral circuit, peripheral circuit include accurate reference circuit, oscillating circuit, reset circuit.
Further, above-mentioned constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger: the accurate reference circuit include resistance R6,
Resistance R7, resistance R8, resistance R9, accurate voltage stabilizing chip IC2, adjustable potentiometer RP1；Resistance R6, resistance R7 and adjustable potentiometer
RP1 is connected between the reference end Vref of singlechip chip IC1 and ground, and the public termination that resistance R6 is connected with resistance R7 is accurate steady
The reference end of chip IC 2 is pressed, the anode and cathode of accurate voltage stabilizing chip IC2 meets the reference end Vref of singlechip chip IC1 respectively
The ground and.
Further, above-mentioned constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger: further including temperature sensing circuit, the temperature
Detection circuit is connected with single chip machine controlling circuit, including resistance R2, resistance R3, capacitor C8, capacitor C7, thermistor R4；Resistance
R2 and thermistor R4 are connected between working power and ground, and the common end that resistance R2 is connected with thermistor R4 passes through resistance R3
The end AD in single chip machine controlling circuit is connect, capacitor C8 setting controls electricity in single-chip microcontroller in the both ends thermistor R4, capacitor C7 setting
The end AD in road and between ground.
The utility model is further detailed with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is 1 functional block diagram of the utility model embodiment.
Attached drawing 2 is the whole schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment 1.
Attached drawing 3 is single chip machine controlling circuit in Fig. 1.
Attached drawing 4 is the driver circuit schematic diagram that charges in Fig. 1.
Attached drawing 5 is driver circuit schematic diagram of discharging in Fig. 1.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1, it is dynamic that the constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger that the present embodiment is is mainly used for electric bicycle plumbic acid
The pulse charge of power battery or middle low capacity battery, this impulse type charger use constant-current switch power source technology, are
Under the control of charging management chip, charger carries out high speed to output electric current and turns on and off, and direct current is become high frequency charging
Pulse controls the duty ratio of charging current pulses, while basis according to battery condition by accurately calculating for charging management chip
The charging requirement of battery, combined charge environment temperature characteristic, the optimal charging gassing point of calculating accumulator, while using negative arteries and veins
Polarization pulse is washed away to reduce accumulator pole plate temperature and polarization phenomena, battery is promoted and charges tolerance, reduce pole plate temperature rise and
Gassing phenomenon is that the effect of charging is accomplished most preferably, and without detriment to battery pole plates, this pulse type charger can extend common
One times of the valve controlled sealed lead-acid accumulator service life or more.
Shown in attached drawing 1 and Fig. 2, the constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger in the present embodiment, including setting is in plumbic acid electricity
Two interpolar of pond is the constant-current switch power source of lead-acid battery charging；It further include setting in lead-acid battery and constant-current switch power source circuit
Switching tube, charge driving circuit, single chip machine controlling circuit, and the charging driving circuit generates according to single chip machine controlling circuit
Pwm signal control switch pipe carries out high speed and turns on and off, and the direct current that constant-current switch power source exports is become high frequency charging pulse
It is added between lead-acid battery the two poles of the earth.
The constant-current pulse formula charger circuit of the present embodiment is by constant-current switch power source, voltage selecting circuit, charging driving electricity
Road, charging IC control circuit, electric discharge driving circuit, polar protective circuit composition.
Constant current switch power circuit provides the 5A electric current of constant current voltage limiting Switching Power Supply output for charging circuit, this charging
Electric current is connected to the both ends of battery by charging driving circuit by polar protective circuit, and DC power supply circuit, which additionally provides, to be used for
The DC voltage of charger control circuit work.There are many such DC power supply circuit at present, and it is big to can choose power factor,
The good constant-current switch power source of energy-saving effect.
Single chip machine controlling circuit is as shown in Figures 2 and 3, and single chip machine controlling circuit includes singlechip chip IC1 and its periphery
Circuit, peripheral circuit include accurate reference circuit, oscillating circuit, reset circuit.Single chip machine controlling circuit uses built-in charging valve
The single-chip microcontroller IC of program is managed, single-chip microcontroller IC completes voltage detecting by operation Charge Management program, charge pulse duty cycle calculates
It is calculated with control, battery gassing point, the rate-determining steps such as charged state conversion, charging IC control circuit further includes that the IC that charges is answered
The peripheral circuits such as position, oscillation, benchmark.
Wherein accurate reference circuit include resistance R6, it is resistance R7, resistance R8, resistance R9, accurate voltage stabilizing chip IC2, adjustable
Potentiometer RP1；Resistance R6, resistance R7 and adjustable potentiometer RP1 are connected in the reference end Vref and ground of singlechip chip IC1
Between, the reference end for the public termination precision voltage stabilizing chip IC2 that resistance R6 is connected with resistance R7, the anode of accurate voltage stabilizing chip IC2
Meet the reference end Vref and ground of singlechip chip IC1 respectively with cathode.
Resistance R8, resistance R9, touch-switch S1 form preset switch 1, and capacitor C11, resistance R1, diode D1 composition reset
Circuit；Resistance R2, R3, capacitor C8, C7, thermistor R4 constitute temperature sensing circuit, and temperature sensing circuit and single-chip microcontroller control
Circuit is connected, including resistance R2, resistance R3, capacitor C8, capacitor C7, thermistor R4；Resistance R2 and thermistor R4 are connected in
Between working power and ground, the common end that resistance R2 is connected with thermistor R4 is connect in single chip machine controlling circuit by resistance R3
The end AD, capacitor C8 are arranged at the both ends thermistor R4, and capacitor C7 is arranged in the end AD in single chip machine controlling circuit and between ground.Electricity
Hold C5, C6, oscillator X1 and constitute oscillating circuit, touch-switch S2, resistance R10 ~ R12 constitute preset switch 2, and capacitor C3, C4 are
The shunt capacitance of IC1, resistance R14 ~ R17 and light emitting diode D2 ~ D5 constitute capacity and status display circuit.
Charging driving circuit is to control driving in single chip machine controlling circuit to be arranged in constant-current switch power source and plumbic acid to be repaired
The circuit that switching tube V1 high speed between battery turns on and off, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4, including triode V2, three poles
The collector of pipe V2 is electrically connected with the grid of switching tube V1, and emitter ground connection, base stage connects single chip machine controlling circuit by current limliting R22
Resistance R24 is arranged in the pin of the pwm signal of generation between base stage and emitter.It further include to the arteries and veins for being input to lead-acid battery
Rush signal and carry out shaping and form the shaping circuit of precipitous pulse signal, the shaping circuit include capacitor C9, triode V4,
Triode V3, voltage-stabiliser tube D8；The capacitor C9 is arranged between the grid of switching tube V1 and the collector of triode V2, anode
Towards the grid direction of switching tube V1；The collector of voltage-stabiliser tube D8 and triode V3, emitter are arranged in parallel in the source of switching tube V1
Between pole and grid, the anode of voltage-stabiliser tube D8 and the collector of triode V3 are connected with the source electrode of switching tube V1 respectively, triode
The base stage of V4 meets working power VCC, and collector connects the base stage of triode V3 by resistance R25, and transmitter passes through resistance R23 order
The pin for the pwm signal that piece machine control circuit generates.
In the present embodiment, the driving circuit that charges is by diode D7, D6, field-effect tube V1, capacitor C9, voltage-stabiliser tube D8, three poles
Pipe V2 ~ V4, resistance R22 ~ R26 composition, the cathode of diode D7, D6 connect on battery positive voltage circuit for accessing protection, field
Effect pipe V1 is used to do the use of charging pulse switch control, is herein p-type field-effect tube, charging control signal is by Charge Management core
6 feet of piece IC1 are connected to resistance R23 and resistance R22, and when charging is opened, 6 feet of IC1 export high level rising edge, pass through
R22 driving triode V2 saturation conduction, R26 are switched to ground, while V4 is since R23 is that high level is kept by making V3 by this
When, zener diode D8 conducting protects the gate-source voltage of V1 to be no more than range and meets unlocking condition, V1 conducting, electricity
Stream is flowed to by source electrode and is drained, when charge close when, 6 feet of IC1 export failing edge, and V2 is closed at this time, and V4 conducting follows V3 to lead
Logical, the grid drain charge of V1 is released by V3 and closes V1, and the entire driving circuit that charges is by IC1 output signal control switch and leads
It is logical.
As Fig. 2 and as shown in figure 5, electric discharge driving circuit under the control of single chip machine controlling circuit, to lead-acid battery discharge,
Electric discharge driving circuit includes the driving circuit of discharge resistance R28, switching tube V5 and switching tube V5；Discharge resistance R28, switching tube V5
It is connected between the two poles of the earth of lead-acid battery, the driving circuit of switching tube V5 is under single chip machine controlling circuit control, driving switch pipe
V5 closure discharges to lead-acid battery using discharge resistance R28.The driving circuit of switching tube V5 include triode V8, triode V7,
Triode V6, resistance R20, resistance R21 and resistance R27；Triode V8 is PNP type triode, and emitter connects single-chip microcontroller control
Circuit generates the pin of discharge control signal, and base stage connects 5V working power, collector by resistance R20 and meets 12V by resistance R21
Working power connects the base stage of triode V6 and triode V7, the emitter of triode V6 and the collection of triode V7 by resistance R27
Electrode is connected and connects the grid of switching tube V5, and the collector of triode V6 connects 12V working power, and the emitter of triode V7 connects
Ground.
In the present embodiment, electric discharge driving circuit by resistance R20, R21, R24, R27, R28, field-effect tube V5, triode V6,
V7, V8 are constituted, and 7 feet of Charge Management IC1 are connected to the emitter of triode V8, and the emitter of triode V7 and V6, base stage are same
Name end parallel connection constitutes totem-pote circuit, and when 7 feet of IC1 jump from low to high, V8 is by the right end of R27 is drawn high by resistance R21
To 12V current potential, be at this time connected totem V6 upper tube, down tube V7 is closed, and totem exports the grid of 12V driving FET V5
Pole meets to high level and opens condition, the drain electrode of V5 and source conduction, make electric energy by battery positive to discharge resistance R28, V5
Hourglass source electrode to battery cathode formed conducting circuit discharge, when 7 foot level by height to jump when, V8 be connected, the right end of R27
Being conducting to low potential closes the upper tube V6 of totem, down tube V7 conducting, and the drain potential of V5 is made to be reduced to ground, and V5 closing is led
It is logical.
Voltage selecting circuit is as shown in Fig. 2, single chip machine controlling circuit controls voltage selecting circuit to the plumbic acid of different size
Battery charging；Voltage selecting circuit includes the voltage sample filter circuit and voltage switching electricity that voltage acquisition is carried out to lead-acid battery
Road；Single chip machine controlling circuit control carries out voltage commutation circuit according to the lead-acid battery voltage that voltage sample filter circuit exports
Control.
The polar protective circuit of detection and connection for battery, the polar protective circuit include that battery access is protected
Protection circuit and polarity select conversion circuit；Battery access protection circuit includes resistance R31, resistance R32, relay K1；Relay
Between lead-acid battery and access charging current, the collector of triode V9 connects 12V work by the winding of relay K1 for K1 setting
Make power supply, emitter ground connection, base stage, which connects, is connected to the bleeder circuit of lead-acid battery partial pressure with what resistance R31 was formed by resistance R32；
It includes self-lock switch S3, resistance R35, resistance R36, resistance R29, resistance R34, resistance R30, triode that polarity, which selects conversion circuit,
V10, diode D11, relay K2, precision potentiator RP2, precision potentiator RP3；The base stage of triode V10 passes through resistance R35
5V working power is connect with self-lock switch S3, by resistance R36 sending and receiving emitter-base bandgap grading, emitter ground connection, collector passes through relay K2's
Winding connects 12V working power；The selection all the way of relay K2 is that resistance R29, precision potentiator RP2, resistance R30 connect single-chip microcontroller control
The circuit source of circuit processed is connected with the anode of lead-acid battery；It is resistance R34, precision potentiator RP3, resistance R30 order all the way
The circuit source of piece machine control circuit is connected with the anode of lead-acid battery.
As shown in Fig. 2, polar protective circuit accesses protection circuit by battery and polarity selection conversion circuit is constituted, battery is connect
Enter to protect electric routing resistance R31, R32, diode D9, D10, relay K1 composition, after battery access device, if polarity
Connection is correct, diode D9 forward conduction, and R31 provides base current to triode, and R32 provides V9 base stage after being used to divide
Current potential, V9 saturation conduction is connected, the coil of driving relay K1 is communicated to ground, and the contact K1 is connected, and makes charging driving circuit to electricity
The connection conducting of pond anode, polarity select conversion circuit by two connector CON2, CON1, self-lock switch S3, light emitting diode
D12, D13, current-limiting resistance R33, resistance R35, R36, R29, R34, R30, triode V10, diode D11, relay K2, precision
Potentiometer RP2, RP3, capacitor C10 composition, when pressing self-lock switch S3,5V divides driving triode through switch to R35, R36
V10 saturation conduction, driving relay K2 conducting, connects the second road divider resistance R34, RP3 to R30, if self-lock switch is decontroled
Self-locking, K2 restores normally closed conducting, connects first via divider resistance R29, RP2 to R30, this two-way respectively corresponds 12V battery and 16V
Battery can choose voltage type by S3 self-lock switch, correspondingly, also correspondence is lighted by voltage indicator lamp D12, D13, show phase
The voltage type answered, the voltage of anode is by relay contact one end respectively after first via partial pressure or the second tunnel partial pressure
18 foot of voltage detecting foot of charge control IC1 is connected to through resistance R30.
Charge Management single-chip microcontroller IC1 enters Charge Management state, voltage selecting circuit pair after charger opens power supply
Input selected voltage type carries out different partial pressures, and signal is input to IC1 after divider filter, and IC1 monitors always battery
Access, after meeting the condition for being greater than 3V, charger is automatically into Charge Management mode, while according to the cell voltage of input
Signal carries out judgement identification, executes different control operations, begins to enter pulse charge when voltage meets initial charge voltage
Mode.
When pulse charge mode carries out, according to charge-cycle cycle operation, in each charging pulse period, fill first
6 feet of fulgurite reason IC1 export fast conducting and that closes gives charging driving circuit along pulse signal up and down, and charge driving circuit pair
5A electric current from constant-current switch power source carries out switch control, is output to battery anode and charges.
By each charging pulse followed by a discharge pulse, discharge pulse, that is, negative arteries and veins in charge-cycle
Punching, the current amplitude of negative pulse are generally 2 times of designs of charging current, the discharge pulse generated by Charge Management single-chip microcontroller IC1
Signal gives electric discharge driving circuit, and electric discharge driving circuit connects discharge resistance, generates negative pulse, and the effect of negative pulse is to eliminate charging
The polarization phenomena of battery in the process improve battery charge acceptance.
During charge operation, battery temperature sensor monitoring battery temp state be supplied to charging management chip into
Row data calculate, for correcting the gassing voltage of battery in charging process.
3 LED diode displayings charging saturation state of Display panel circuit, indicates the electricity being full of.
The charging process of this programme is divided into fast-pulse charging repairing phase, variable pulse charging stage, trickle charge rank
Section three phases.
In the fast-pulse charging stage, Switching Power Supply is inputted with the constant current value of 0.1 ~ 0.4C, and by changing, duty ratio is equivalent
Change constant current value, different duty ratios forms different size of current, and initial charge pulses range is 2Hz, initially accounts for
Sky discharges, control of discharge forms negative pulse, and negative pulse current amplitude is about than being greater than 90% after each charging pulse
It is 2 times of charging pulse, for duty ratio less than 4%, negative pulse width is less than 10ms, and the resultant effect of negative pulse is to reduce battery
Polarization phenomena, improve battery charge acceptance, shorten the charging time.Withholding period after negative pulse for some time, is used
In being further reduced polarization and for carrying out the time of battery voltage sampling, this time, wave filtering circuit and signal shaping
Circuit is sent after completing battery voltage sampling in charging management chip progress data processing.The entire fast-pulse charging stage all adopts
With " positive pulse charging repair --- negative pulse depolarising --- sample withholding period " charging cycle process, until charging satisfaction under
One demands.
During the charging process, battery voltage variation, Charge Management are constantly monitored by sampling the sampling filter of withholding period
The voltage of gassing point is calculated in system using two ways, one is analyse according to the data calculating accumulator of battery temperature sensor
The temperature of gas point, because a large amount of gassing electrical voltage points are related at negative temperature coefficient to temperature, the numerical value meter of -4mV/ DEG C of this programme use
It calculates, gassing point voltage is pressed from 25 ° of normal temperature every declines once according to temperature, reduces by a unit from the 2.35V of normal temperature
4mV calculate, another way be calculate dv/dt value, be stored in RAM, if charging voltage be higher than gassing voltage or dv/
Dt several times are higher than storage value, then it is assumed that are to complete the fast-pulse charging stage, into the charging of next stage.
The variable pulse charging stage in charging process, when discovery cell voltage rapid increase enters gassing point voltage, fills
Electric remediation management system enters the variable pulse control stage, this time charges in the way of reducing charge pulse duty cycle, and charge arteries and veins
It rushes duty ratio to determine to lower 20% every time, when charging remediation management system discovery cell voltage some constant current after analysing vapour point
Maintaining data is more than that the completion of variable pulse charging stage is then considered after 5 minutes, into the trickle charge stage.
In the trickle charge stage, by the charging in the first two stage, battery is filled with 95% that electricity has reached nominal capacity
More than, battery can be used.Into after the trickle charge stage, the repair system that charges is charged with the current impulse of 0.02C (A), this
Stage is mainly used to reduce the generation of big lead sulfate crystallization, while increasing the gas-recombination efficiency of internal storage battery, is allowed to close
100%, reduce battery dehydration.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger, including the perseverance that two interpolar of lead-acid battery is lead-acid battery charging is arranged in
Current switching power supply；It is characterized by also including the switching tube being arranged in lead-acid battery and constant-current switch power source circuit, charging is driven
Dynamic circuit, single chip machine controlling circuit, the charging driving circuit generate pwm signal control switch according to single chip machine controlling circuit
Pipe carries out high speed and turns on and off, and the direct current that constant-current switch power source exports is become high frequency charging pulse and is added to lead-acid battery two
Between pole.
2. constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include electric discharge driving electricity
Road, the electric discharge driving circuit discharge to lead-acid battery under the control of single chip machine controlling circuit, and the electric discharge drives electricity
Road includes the driving circuit of discharge resistance R28, switching tube V5 and switching tube V5；Discharge resistance R28, switching tube the V5 series winding
Between the two poles of the earth of lead-acid battery, the driving circuit of the switching tube V5 is under single chip machine controlling circuit control, driving switch
Pipe V5 closure discharges to lead-acid battery using discharge resistance R28.
3. constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the switching tube V5's
Driving circuit includes triode V8, triode V7, triode V6, resistance R20, resistance R21 and resistance R27；
Triode V8 is PNP type triode, and emitter connects the pin that single chip machine controlling circuit generates discharge control signal, base stage
5V working power, collector being connect by resistance R20,12V working power being connect by resistance R21, triode V6 is connect by resistance R27
It is connected with the emitter of the base stage of triode V7, triode V6 with the collector of triode V7 and connects the grid of switching tube V5, three
The collector of pole pipe V6 connects 12V working power, the emitter ground connection of triode V7.
4. constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include voltage selection electricity
Road, the single chip machine controlling circuit control voltage selecting circuit charge to the lead-acid battery of different size；The voltage choosing
Selecting circuit includes the voltage sample filter circuit and voltage commutation circuit that voltage acquisition is carried out to lead-acid battery；The single-chip microcontroller
Control circuit control controls voltage commutation circuit according to the lead-acid battery voltage that voltage sample filter circuit exports.
5. constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include for battery
Detection and connection polar protective circuit, the polar protective circuit include battery access protection circuit and polarity selection turn
Change circuit；
The battery access protection circuit includes resistance R31, resistance R32, relay K1；Relay K1 is arranged in lead-acid battery
Between access charging current, the collector of triode V9 connects 12V working power by the winding of relay K1, and emitter connects
Ground, base stage, which connects, is connected to the bleeder circuit of lead-acid battery partial pressure with what resistance R31 was formed by resistance R32；
The polarity selection conversion circuit includes self-lock switch S3, resistance R35, resistance R36, resistance R29, resistance R34, resistance
R30, triode V10, diode D11, relay K2, precision potentiator RP2, precision potentiator RP3；The base stage of triode V10
5V working power is connect by resistance R35 and self-lock switch S3, by resistance R36 sending and receiving emitter-base bandgap grading, emitter ground connection, collector passes through
The winding of relay K2 connects 12V working power；
The selection all the way of relay K2 is that resistance R29, precision potentiator RP2, resistance R30 connect the circuit source of single chip machine controlling circuit
End is connected with the anode of lead-acid battery；
It is that resistance R34, precision potentiator RP3, resistance R30 connect the circuit source and lead-acid battery of single chip machine controlling circuit all the way
Anode is connected.
6. constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger according to any one of claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that: described fills
Electric drive circuit is arranged between constant-current switch power source and lead-acid battery to be repaired in single chip machine controlling circuit control driving
Circuit that switching tube V1 high speed turns on and off, including the collector and switching tube V1 of triode V2, the triode V2
Grid electrical connection, emitter ground connection, base stage connects the pin of the pwm signal of single chip machine controlling circuit generation by current limliting R22, in base
Resistance R24 is set between pole and emitter.
7. constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: further include to being input to lead
The pulse signal of sour battery carries out the shaping circuit that shaping forms precipitous pulse signal, and the shaping circuit includes capacitor
C9, triode V4, triode V3, voltage-stabiliser tube D8；The grid of switching tube V1 and the collection of triode V2 is arranged in the capacitor C9
Between electrode, anode is towards the grid direction of switching tube V1；The collector of voltage-stabiliser tube D8 and triode V3, emitter are arranged in parallel
Between the source electrode and grid of switching tube V1, the collector of the anode of voltage-stabiliser tube D8 and triode the V3 source electrode with switching tube V1 respectively
It is connected, the base stage of triode V4 meets working power VCC, and collector connects the base stage of triode V3 by resistance R25, and transmitter passes through
Resistance R23 connects the pin of the pwm signal of single chip machine controlling circuit generation.
8. constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the single-chip microcontroller control
Circuit includes singlechip chip IC1 and its peripheral circuit, and peripheral circuit includes accurate reference circuit, oscillating circuit, reset circuit.
9. constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the accurate benchmark electricity
Road includes resistance R6, resistance R7, resistance R8, resistance R9, accurate voltage stabilizing chip IC2, adjustable potentiometer RP1；Resistance R6, resistance R7
And adjustable potentiometer RP1 is connected between the reference end Vref of singlechip chip IC1 and ground, the public affairs that resistance R6 is connected with resistance R7
The reference end of accurate voltage stabilizing chip IC2 is terminated altogether, and the anode and cathode of accurate voltage stabilizing chip IC2 meets singlechip chip IC1 respectively
Reference end Vref and ground.
10. constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: further include temperature detection
Circuit, the temperature sensing circuit are connected with single chip machine controlling circuit, including resistance R2, resistance R3, capacitor C8, capacitor C7,
Thermistor R4；Resistance R2 and thermistor R4 are connected between working power and ground, and resistance R2 is connected with thermistor R4
Common end connects the end AD in single chip machine controlling circuit by resistance R3, and capacitor C8 is arranged at the both ends thermistor R4, and capacitor C7 is set
It sets at the end AD in single chip machine controlling circuit and between ground.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821911709.7U CN209088577U (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2018-11-20 | A kind of constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821911709.7U CN209088577U (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2018-11-20 | A kind of constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN209088577U true CN209088577U (en) | 2019-07-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821911709.7U Active CN209088577U (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2018-11-20 | A kind of constant-current pulse formula lead-acid battery charger |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN209088577U (en) |
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2018
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Address after: Room 506, Building 113, Liantang First Industrial Zone, No. 72, Guowei Road, Xianhu Community, Liantang Street, Luohu District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000 Patentee after: DACEEN (SHENZHEN) TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Address before: 518000 2 / F, building A4, silicon valley power intelligent terminal Industrial Park, 20 Dafu Industrial Zone, Aobei community, Guanlan street, Longhua District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: DACEEN (SHENZHEN) TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. |