CN209088064U - A kind of helical antenna based on parallel plate capacitor load - Google Patents
A kind of helical antenna based on parallel plate capacitor load Download PDFInfo
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- CN209088064U CN209088064U CN201822065765.XU CN201822065765U CN209088064U CN 209088064 U CN209088064 U CN 209088064U CN 201822065765 U CN201822065765 U CN 201822065765U CN 209088064 U CN209088064 U CN 209088064U
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- plate capacitor
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- helical antenna
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of helical antennas based on parallel plate capacitor load, including helical antenna, the external coaxial feeder of helical antenna based on parallel plate capacitor load, the coaxial feeder includes inner conductor, outer conductor, further includes the first metal floor, the second metal floor, the first parallel plate capacitor, the second parallel plate capacitor；The both ends of the helical antenna are connect with one end of the first parallel plate capacitor, the second parallel plate capacitor respectively, and the first parallel plate capacitor, the second parallel plate capacitor are arranged in parallel；First parallel plate capacitor, the second parallel plate capacitor the other end connect respectively with the first metal floor, the second metal floor；Second metal floor is equipped with through-hole；The inner conductor of the coaxial feeder passes through through-hole and connect with the second parallel plate capacitor, and the inner conductor of the coaxial feeder feeds radiating element in the form of field the second parallel plate capacitor.The utility model helical antenna realizes high-gain, miniaturization.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to wireless communication technology field, more particularly to a kind of based on parallel plate capacitor load
Helical antenna.
Background technique
In the mobile communications network being evolving, the application and movement of the jump spread spectrum in modern secret communication are logical
The fast development of letter, the demand to the antenna of omnidirectional radiation miniaturization is more and more, and helical antenna is met the tendency of under social demand
And it gives birth to.Helical antenna structure is simple, it is a kind of antenna with spiral shape, it is by the good wire spiral of electric conductivity
Composition usually uses coaxial feeding, and the inner conductor of coaxial line is connected with one end of helix, and the outer conductor of coaxial line then and connects
The metal plate on ground is connected.Wherein normal helical antenna is one of the major technique of current antenna miniaturization, normal direction mould spiral
Antenna is a kind of deformation of monopole antenna, and antenna length can be shortened by being wound into helical form.The radiation side of helical antenna
To related with helix circumference, when than one wavelength of the circumference of helix is much smaller, radiate strongest direction perpendicular to
Helical axis；When the order of magnitude of a length of wavelength of helix circumference, most intense radiation is appeared on spiral spin axis direction.Normal direction mould
Helical antenna substantially meets omnidirectional radiation, and normal helical antenna electric size is small, light-weight, and the electrical characteristics with monopole antenna
It is close, it is widely used in mobile communications.But in 460MHz wireless communication practical application, the frequency vacuum wavelength
Up to 652mm, half-wavelength also has 326mm, therefore there are size mistakes in 460MHz wireless communications application for normal helical antenna
Greatly.
One of currently available technology is using loaded normal mode helical antenna come the new skill of optimal design of broadband miniature antenna
Art, as shown in Figure 1, the technology passes through global optimization approach --- genetic algorithm combination moment method is to antenna loading value, load position
It sets and this huge group of relevant matching network parameter has carried out integrated optimization.Loading element be lumped capacity,
Lumped inductance, lumped resistance, after introducing Sherman-Morrison-Woodbury formula carrys out the change of rapid solving loading form
The electrical characteristics of antenna greatly improve the efficiency of optimization, while the size of helical antenna are minimized, the height of antenna
Only 0.122 λ0, in which: λ0For vacuum wavelength.Loading method: helical antenna is cut into four sections, is loaded between each section
RLC lamped element, by adjusting the value of three RLC elements, so that antenna is in regulation resonance frequency resonance.Load legend can refer to
Fig. 1.Load 1: load height 0.105m, RLC parameter is respectively 790.06 Ω, 24.753nH, 0.5pF；Load 2: load height
0.165m, RLC parameter are respectively 213.43 Ω, 159.100nH, 0.6pF；Load 3: load height 0.280m, RLC parameter difference
For 2036.00 Ω, 404.540nH, 18.4pF.The corresponding matching network of the technology, as shown in Figure 2.
The target that the technology is realized has: (1) height dimension only has the 0.122 of vacuum wavelength, reduces antenna height about
30%；(2) radiation of normal direction mould is realized, and impedance bandwidth is wider.
But this method disadvantage has: (1) height dimension of antenna is not still able to satisfy product demand, market demands height
In 50mm hereinafter, i.e. maximum can only be 0.077 times of vacuum wavelength；(2) difficulty of processing is high, because loading method is RLC load,
It carries out spiral cutoff process and connects processing with RLC, difficulty is higher.
The two of the prior art, the technology improve the magnetic flux near field by adding Ferrite Material in the intermediate of helical antenna
Amount, as shown in figure 3, increasing the magnetic flux near field by load ferrite, thus improve data transfer amount and stability.In spiral
It is to make the magnetic line of force more intensively by coil inside that ferritic purpose is loaded in aerial coil, to reach the inductance for increasing coil
Amount, reduces the volume of antenna, to achieve the effect that miniaturization.
There are following disadvantages for the technology:
(1) selection and its harshness of Ferrite Material parameter；It is complicated to load ferrite post-simulation, needs further
Ferritic parameter is debugged, there is any discrepancy with simulation parameter for ferritic some parameters in kind, can not find suitable ferrite, error
It is larger.
(2) before not connecing impedance matching network, return loss is very big, but after increasing impedance matching network, makes
Antenna structure is complicated changes, and be unfavorable for the miniaturization of helix.
Utility model content
The utility model has that cun ruler is big not to be able to satisfy product demand to solve the problem of helical antenna, while in order to
The installation specification requirement for reducing helical antenna, provides a kind of helical antenna based on parallel plate capacitor load, can guarantee reality
On the basis of existing helical antenna miniaturization, high-gain, the installation specification requirement of helical antenna is reduced, while the helical antenna can mention
For different working frequencies and different operating modes.
To realize above-mentioned the utility model aim, the technical solution adopted is as follows: a kind of based on parallel plate capacitor load
Helical antenna, including helical antenna, the external coaxial feeder of helical antenna based on parallel plate capacitor load are described coaxial
Feed line includes inner conductor, outer conductor, further includes the first metal floor, the second metal floor, the first parallel plate capacitor, second flat
Andante capacitor；The both ends of the helical antenna are connect with one end of the first parallel plate capacitor, the second parallel plate capacitor respectively, and the
One parallel plate capacitor, the second parallel plate capacitor are arranged in parallel；First parallel plate capacitor, the second parallel plate capacitor it is another
One end is connect with the first metal floor, the second metal floor respectively；Second metal floor is equipped with through-hole；The coaxial feed
The inner conductor of line passes through through-hole and connect with the second parallel plate capacitor, and the inner conductor of the coaxial feeder passes through the second parallel-plate electricity
Appearance feeds radiating element in the form of field；
In practical applications, the helical antenna based on parallel plate capacitor load needs to be arranged in antenna house, described
The first metal floor, the first parallel plate capacitor, helical antenna, the second parallel plate capacitor, the second metal floor, coaxial feeder
It is separately positioned in antenna house from top to bottom, antenna house is for protecting internal structure to be independent of outside influences.
Preferably, the outer conductor of the coaxial feeder is connect with the bottom of the second metal floor, and inner conductor with lead outside
Body is horizontally disposed.
The utility model is arranged in parallel in order to keep the first metal floor, the second metal floor, in the first metal
Several support columns are set between plate, the second metal floor, for fixed support the first metal floor, the second metal floor, and
Keep the first metal floor, the second metal floor arranged in parallel.
Preferably, first parallel plate capacitor, the second parallel plate capacitor, which are respectively set, is connected to the first metal floor,
On the central point of the end surface of two metal floors；The both ends of the helical antenna be respectively set connection the first parallel plate capacitor,
On the central point of the end surface of second parallel plate capacitor；The position of through-hole on second metal floor and the second parallel-plate
The central point on the surface of one end of capacitance connection, the radius cun ruler of the through-hole on the second metal floor are equal to the radius of outer conductor；
The height of the inner conductor and the second metal floor is maintained at same level.
Preferably, helical antenna 3 of the helical antenna 3 of the utility model after being loaded be equivalent in fact inductance L with
Two capacitor C series connection, it was found from low-frequency channel theoretical knowledgeBy increasing capacitance C known to from formula, protecting
In the case that card frequency f is constant, the inductance value L of helical antenna 3 should accordingly decline.And the decline of inductance value L can pass through
Reduce the number of turns of helical antenna 3 to realize, that is to say, that by reducing the height of helical antenna 3 to reduce helical antenna 3
Inductance has thus achieved the purpose that miniaturization to guarantee that f is constant.Therefore the total height of the helical antenna is set as
36mm, turn-to-turn are 4mm away from the coiling radius for 15mm, helical antenna, and the radius of helical antenna conductor is 0.5mm.
Preferably, the coaxial feeder uses 50 Ω coaxial feeders, and the coaxial feeder is set as coaxial feed
Port.
Further, the impedance that the helical antenna based on parallel plate capacitor load is inputted by the coaxial feeder
For 58.92-j*1.52 Ω.
Preferably, first metal floor, the second metal floor are respectively provided with circular configuration, the first metal floor, second
Metal floor is all made of with a thickness of 0.035mm, the metal structure that radius is 58.8mm.
Preferably, it is 60 that first parallel plate capacitor, the second parallel plate capacitor, which are all made of dielectric dielectric constant,
It is cylindric that the first parallel plate capacitor, the second parallel plate capacitor, which is arranged, wherein the radius of the first parallel plate capacitor is 6mm, height
Radius for 3mm, the second parallel plate capacitor is 3.5mm, is highly 3mm.
Further, first metal floor, the second metal floor, helical antenna are all made of metallic copper.This is practical new
Type has the beneficial effect that:
It is to directly adopt high dielectric constant dielectric and use 1. the capacitor that the utility model is loaded not is lamped element
Thin copper directly forms capacitor, and in actual production processing, this structure is easily worked, and mechanicalness is higher, and practicability is higher, with
Helical antenna structure merges processing together well.
2. the utility model can realize that the height of helical antenna falls to 0.067 times of vacuum wavelength using capacitive load,
The total height of the helical antenna structure of the utility model is 43.14mm, is lower than 50mm, and degree compact in size is very high.
3. the utility model does not need additional impedance matching network, the utility model, which is used, is based on parallel plate capacitor described
The helical antenna of load is 58.92-j*1.52 ohm by the impedance that coaxial feeder port inputs, and can directly be connect with SMA
Mouth connection, return loss very little do not need impedance transformation.
It, can be real in different operating modes 4. the utility model helical antenna can be applied in different working frequencies
It now minimizes, and keeps high-gain；The utility model helical antenna is meeting the radiation of normal direction mould at resonance frequency 460MHz
Under the premise of, maximum gain is up to 2.02dBi.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the helical antenna of the RLC lamped element load of one of prior art.
Fig. 2 is the feeding network of the helical antenna of the RLC lamped element load of one of prior art.
Fig. 3 is the ferritic helical antenna of two load of the prior art.
Fig. 4 is the helical antenna structure figure of the parallel plate capacitor load of the utility model.
Fig. 5 is Tongzhou connector and the first metal floor connection structure diagram of the utility model.
Fig. 6 is the helical antenna equivalent circuit diagram of the utility model.
Fig. 7 is the return loss S11 figure of the utility model.
Fig. 8 is the impedance diagram of the utility model.
Fig. 9 is the standing-wave ratio of the utility model.
Figure 10 is the three-dimensional figure of the utility model.
Figure 11 is the face the E directional diagram of the utility model.
Figure 12 is the X/Y plane normalized radiation pattern of the utility model.
In figure, 1. first metal floors, 2. first parallel plate capacitors, 3. helical antennas, 4. second parallel plate capacitors, 5.
First metal floor, 6. coaxial feeders, 7. inner conductors, 8. outer conductors.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment at resonance frequency 460MHz, is carried out detailed with helical antenna under the premise of meeting the radiation of normal direction mould
Explaining illustration the technical program.
As shown in figure 4, a kind of helical antenna based on parallel plate capacitor load, including helical antenna 3, it is described based on flat
The external coaxial feeder 6 of the helical antenna of andante capacitive load, the coaxial feeder 6 include inner conductor 7, outer conductor 8, are also wrapped
Include the first metal floor 1, the second metal floor 5, the first parallel plate capacitor 2, the second parallel plate capacitor 4；The helical antenna 3
Both ends are connect with the central point of the first parallel plate capacitor 2, the end surface of the second parallel plate capacitor 4 respectively, and the first parallel-plate
Capacitor 2, the second parallel plate capacitor 4 are arranged in parallel；The other end of first parallel plate capacitor 2, the second parallel plate capacitor 4
It is connect respectively with the end surface central point of the first metal floor 1, the second metal floor 5, while the first metal floor 1, second
Metal floor 5 also keeps arranged in parallel；As shown in figure 5, the outer conductor 8 of the coaxial feeder 6 and the second metal floor 5
Bottom connection；The centre of surface point that second metal floor 5 connect one end with the second parallel plate capacitor 4 is equipped with through-hole,
The radius cun ruler of the through-hole is equal to the radius of 6 outer conductor 8 of coaxial feeder；The inner conductor 7 of the coaxial feeder 6 passes through second
The through-hole of metal floor 5 is connect with the second parallel plate capacitor 4, and the inner conductor 7 of coaxial feeder 6 and the second metal floor 5 are protected
The height in phase same level is held, the inner conductor 7 of coaxial feeder 6 is single to radiation in the form of field the second parallel plate capacitor 4
Member is fed, and inner conductor 7 and outer conductor 8 are horizontally disposed.
In practical applications, the helical antenna based on parallel plate capacitor load needs to be arranged in antenna house, described
The first metal floor 1, the first parallel plate capacitor 2, helical antenna 3, the second parallel plate capacitor 4, the second metal floor 5, coaxial
Feed line 6 is separately positioned in antenna house from top to bottom, and antenna house is used to protect the spiral based on parallel plate capacitor load
Antenna is independent of outside influences.
In order to keep the first metal floor 1, the second metal floor 5 arranged in parallel in the present embodiment, in the first metal
Several support columns are set between floor 1, the second metal floor 5, for fixing the first metal floor 1 of support, the second metal
Plate 5, and keep the first metal floor 1, the second metal floor 5 arranged in parallel.
The capacitive load technology that this implementation uses can be directly flat with the first metal floor 1, the second metal floor 5, first
Andante capacitor 2, the formation of the second parallel plate capacitor 4, can coordinate to combine well in mechanical performance with helical structure,
In actual production processing, this structure is easily worked, and mechanicalness is higher, and practicability is higher, is installed simple and convenient.
3 equivalent circuit diagram of helical antenna of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the helical antenna 3 after being loaded is in fact
It is equivalent to inductance L to connect with two capacitor C, it was found from low-frequency channel theoretical knowledgePass through increasing known to from formula
Large capacitance C, in the case where guaranteeing that frequency f is constant, the inductance value L of helical antenna 3 should accordingly decline.And inductance value L
Decline can be realized by reducing the number of turns of helical antenna 3, that is to say, that by reducing the height of helical antenna 3 to subtract
The inductance of small spiral antenna 3 has thus achieved the purpose that miniaturization to guarantee that f is constant.
Therefore this total height for implementing the helical antenna 3 is set as 36mm, turn-to-turn away from for 15mm, helical antenna 3 around
Radius processed is 4mm, and the radius of helical antenna conductor is 0.5mm.
The coaxial feeder 6 uses 50 Ω coaxial feeders；The helical antenna based on parallel plate capacitor load
Input impedance is 58.92-j*1.52 ohm.The working frequency of helical antenna based on parallel plate capacitor load described in the present embodiment
For 460MHz, work in superfrequency uhf band, which is linear polarization, feeding classification in the planned manner of resonant frequency point
For 50 Ω coaxial feeding modes of standard.The present embodiment does not need impedance matching network, the coaxial feed port of helical antenna 3
It can be directly connected to 50 ohm coaxial line of standard, and the helical antenna based on parallel plate capacitor load passes through coaxial feed
The impedance of the port input of line is 58.92-j*1.52 ohm, and reflection loss is extremely small.
First metal floor 1, the second metal floor 5 are respectively provided with circle, the first metal floor 1, the second metal floor 5
It is all made of with a thickness of 0.035mm, the metal structure that radius is 58.8mm.
It is 60 that first parallel plate capacitor 2, the second parallel plate capacitor 4, which are all made of dielectric dielectric constant, for beauty
Effect is seen, the first parallel plate capacitor 2 of setting, the second parallel plate capacitor 4 are cylindric, test easy to process.Wherein first is parallel
The radius of plate capacitor 2 is 6mm, is highly 3mm, and it is highly 3mm that the radius of the second parallel plate capacitor 4, which is 3.5mm,.
First metal floor 1, the second metal floor 5, helical antenna 3 are all made of metallic copper, lead with good
Electrically.
At resonance frequency 460MHz, under the premise of meeting the radiation of normal direction mould, the technical solution of the present embodiment is carried out
Dependence test, generated effect are as follows:
S11 parameter is formed by the technical solution of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, it can be seen from the figure that in resonance frequency
At rate 460MHz, S11 value is -21.608dB, and return loss reaches minimum value, substantially it is considered that channel does not have back wave, energy
Amount fully enters helical structure.
The helical antenna described in the present embodiment does testing impedance, as shown in figure 8, available from scheming, helical antenna is defeated
The input impedance of inbound port is 58.92-j*1.52 ohm, then this input impedance substantially thinks that antenna input can be straight
It connects and is connect with 50 ohm of coaxial line areflexia.
The standing-wave ratio of helical antenna described in the present embodiment, as shown in figure 9, obtaining from figure in resonant frequency point
At 460MHz, the standing-wave ratio of antenna system only has 1.447dB.
Helical antenna described in the present embodiment is on the basis of normal mode, that is to say, that the directional diagram of antenna must be
Gain is maximum on the vertical direction gain minimum of ground level, the horizontal plane parallel with ground level.Spiral described in the present embodiment
The three-dimensional figure that antenna is realized, as shown in Figure 10, as can be seen from the figure the operating mode of antenna is normal direction mould, wherein can also
To see that the maximum gain of antenna pattern is up to 2.02dBi.Further to verify operating mode, E plane, XY is set forth
The directional diagram of plane, as shown in Figure 11,12.
Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention is merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and
It is not limitations of the embodiments of the present invention.It is made within the spirit and principle of the present invention any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., should be included within the utility model scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of helical antenna based on parallel plate capacitor load, including helical antenna (3), described to be loaded based on parallel plate capacitor
The external coaxial feeder of helical antenna (6), the coaxial feeder (6) includes inner conductor (7), outer conductor (8), and feature exists
In: it further include the first metal floor (1), the second metal floor (5), the first parallel plate capacitor (2), the second parallel plate capacitor (4)；
The both ends of the helical antenna (3) are connect with one end of the first parallel plate capacitor (2), the second parallel plate capacitor (4) respectively, and the
One parallel plate capacitor (2), the second parallel plate capacitor (4) are arranged in parallel；First parallel plate capacitor (2), second are in parallel
The other end of plate capacitor (4) is connect with the first metal floor (1), the second metal floor (5) respectively；Second metal floor
(5) it is equipped with through-hole；The inner conductor (7) of the coaxial feeder (6) passes through through-hole and connect with the second parallel plate capacitor (4)；It is described
The inner conductor (7) of coaxial feeder (6) feeds radiating element in the form of field the second parallel plate capacitor (4).
2. the helical antenna according to claim 1 based on parallel plate capacitor load, it is characterised in that: the coaxial feed
The outer conductor (8) of line (6) is connect with the bottom of the second metal floor (5), and inner conductor (7) and outer conductor (8) are horizontally disposed.
3. the helical antenna according to claim 1 based on parallel plate capacitor load, it is characterised in that: described first is parallel
Plate capacitor (2), the second parallel plate capacitor (4) be respectively set be connected to the first metal floor (1), the second metal floor (5) one
On the central point of end surfaces；Connection the first parallel plate capacitor (2), second is respectively set in parallel in the both ends of the helical antenna (3)
On the central point of the end surface of plate capacitor (4).
4. the helical antenna according to claim 1 based on parallel plate capacitor load, it is characterised in that: the helical antenna
(3) total height is set as 36mm, and turn-to-turn is 4mm, helical antenna (3) conductor away from the coiling radius for 15mm, helical antenna (3)
Radius be 0.5mm.
5. the helical antenna according to claim 1 based on parallel plate capacitor load, it is characterised in that: the coaxial feed
Line (6) uses 50 Ω coaxial feeders.
6. the helical antenna according to claim 3 based on parallel plate capacitor load, it is characterised in that: described based on parallel
Plate capacitive load helical antenna is 58.92-j*1.52 Ω by the impedance that the coaxial feeder (6) inputs.
7. the helical antenna according to claim 1 based on parallel plate capacitor load, it is characterised in that: first metal
Floor (1), the second metal floor (5) are respectively provided with circle, the first metal floor (1), the second metal floor (5) be all made of with a thickness of
0.035mm, the metal structure that radius is 58.8mm.
8. the helical antenna according to claim 1 based on parallel plate capacitor load, it is characterised in that: described first is parallel
It is 60 that plate capacitor (2), the second parallel plate capacitor (4), which are all made of dielectric dielectric constant, setting the first parallel plate capacitor (2),
Second parallel plate capacitor (4) is cylindric, wherein the radius of the first parallel plate capacitor (2) is 6mm, is highly 3mm, second is parallel
The radius of plate capacitor (4) is 3.5mm, is highly 3mm.
9. described in any item helical antennas based on parallel plate capacitor load according to claim 1~8, it is characterised in that: institute
It states the first metal floor (1), the second metal floor (5), helical antenna (3) and is all made of metallic copper.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201822065765.XU CN209088064U (en) | 2018-12-10 | 2018-12-10 | A kind of helical antenna based on parallel plate capacitor load |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201822065765.XU CN209088064U (en) | 2018-12-10 | 2018-12-10 | A kind of helical antenna based on parallel plate capacitor load |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN209088064U true CN209088064U (en) | 2019-07-09 |
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| CN201822065765.XU Expired - Fee Related CN209088064U (en) | 2018-12-10 | 2018-12-10 | A kind of helical antenna based on parallel plate capacitor load |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109473770A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-03-15 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of helical antenna based on parallel plate capacitor load |
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2018
- 2018-12-10 CN CN201822065765.XU patent/CN209088064U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109473770A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-03-15 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of helical antenna based on parallel plate capacitor load |
| CN109473770B (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2024-01-05 | 广东工业大学 | Spiral antenna based on parallel plate capacitor loading |
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