CN209001136U - Helical antenna - Google Patents
Helical antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN209001136U CN209001136U CN201821606823.9U CN201821606823U CN209001136U CN 209001136 U CN209001136 U CN 209001136U CN 201821606823 U CN201821606823 U CN 201821606823U CN 209001136 U CN209001136 U CN 209001136U
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- circuit board
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of helical antennas, including printed circuit board and radiating principal square on a printed circuit board is set, radiating principal includes at least one principal screw arm and at least one parasitic spiral arm, each principal screw arm corresponds at least one parasitic spiral arm, and each principal screw arm and the parasitic spiral arm corresponding to it are arranged in parallel interval；Wherein, the first end of each principal screw arm with its corresponding to the first end of parasitic spiral arm be electrically connected, to form the feed output end of helical antenna；The equal suspension joint of second end of the second end of principal screw arm and parasitic spiral arm；The length of parasitic spiral arm be greater than with its corresponding to principal screw arm length, and the helix angle of part of the parasitic spiral arm beyond principal screw arm is less than helix angle of the parasitic spiral arm without departing from the part of principal screw arm.The helical antenna of the utility model, frequency bandwidth can be expanded to 6%, also, the structure of helical antenna is more compact.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to technical field of satellite, and in particular to a kind of helical antenna.
Background technique
Generally, global positioning satellite antenna is mostly micro-strip ceramics or microwave-medium piece based on micro-strip sheet antenna theory
Shape antenna, this antenna is using the square or circular antenna piece that ceramics are that different-thickness is made in dielectric material, then in antenna
Piece both sides pass through feedback needle using low temperature roasting silver process formation reflecting surface and radiating surface again and feed to form satellite navigation aerial.
But there are shortcomings for above-mentioned positioning antenna, for example, ceramic antenna dielectric constant is high, this will lead to antenna
Frequency bandwidth it is very narrow, also, microwave-medium chip aerial size is larger.In addition, the positioning antenna of this kind of structure, to radiating surface
Dimension precision requirement it is very high, it is often necessary on Network Analyzer carry out by hand debugging make the satisfactory frequency of centre frequency
Rate range.Moreover, ceramic material than great, causes the weight for positioning antenna bigger, also, the gain of micro-strip chip aerial is also
It is easy to be reflected the influence of the size and shape of ground level.
In addition, in unmanned plane field of antenna, widely apply at present it is mostly be based on Johns Hopkins University, the U.S.
The conducting wire for four each long λ/2 that Kilgus is proposed is coiled into the four of half-turn helical around half-turn helical antenna respectively.Also occurred in recent years
Using two groups of helix lengths is 1/4 wavelength double four around spiral, and joined tuning item and carry out frequency separation matching.
But above-mentioned helical antenna frequency bandwidth is only capable of reaching 4%, be only capable of covering GPS BDS or GPS GLONASS,
Above-mentioned 1/2 wavelength belongs to resonant mode, only about 4% narrow-band around spiral around the four of half-turn, and existing master can not be completely covered in this
Flow global navigation satellite frequency.And for 1/4 wavelength four around spiral, frequency bandwidth is narrower, GPS L1 frequency bandwidth only
It, can not all standing mainstream global position system frequency for 30MHz or so.
Utility model content
To solve the above problems, the utility model embodiment proposes a kind of helical antenna, it is capable of increasing frequency bandwidth.
Helical antenna provided by the embodiment of the utility model, including printed circuit board and setting are in the printed circuit board
The radiating principal of top, the radiating principal include at least one principal screw arm and at least one parasitic spiral arm, each described
Principal screw arm corresponds at least one described parasitic spiral arm, and each principal screw arm and the parasitic spiral corresponding to it
Arm is arranged in parallel interval；Wherein,
The first end of the first end of each principal screw arm and the parasitic spiral arm corresponding to it is connected electrically in one
It rises, to form the feed output end of the helical antenna；
The equal suspension joint of second end of the second end of the principal screw arm and the parasitic spiral arm；
The length of the parasitism spiral arm be greater than with its corresponding to the principal screw arm length, and the parasitic spiral
The helix angle of part of the arm beyond the principal screw arm is less than part of the parasitic spiral arm without departing from the principal screw arm
Helix angle.
Optionally, the printed circuit board is provided with feeding network, the printing electricity towards the radiating principal on one side
Road backboard is provided with signal processing circuit from the radiating principal on one side；Wherein,
The input terminal of the feeding network is electrically connected with each feed output end, the output end of the feeding network and institute
State the input terminal electrical connection of signal processing circuit；
The feeding network, the signal for being exported each feed output end synthesizes, to obtain circular polarisation
Signal；
The signal processing circuit, it is satisfactory to obtain for carrying out predetermined process to the circularly polarized signal
Echo signal.
Optionally, the feeding network includes phase shifter and balun, and the input terminal of the phase shifter and each feed are defeated
Outlet electrical connection, the output end of the phase shifter is electrically connected with the input terminal of the balun, the output end of the balun with it is described
The input terminal of signal processing circuit is electrically connected.
Optionally, the signal processing circuit includes that duplexer filter, low-noise amplifier, duplexing combiner and driving are put
Big device, wherein
The input terminal of the duplexer filter is electrically connected with the output end of the feeding network, the duplexer filter it is defeated
Outlet is electrically connected with the input terminal of the low-noise amplifier；
The input terminal of the duplex combiner is electrically connected with the output end of the low-noise amplifier, the duplex combiner
Output end be electrically connected with the input terminal of the driving amplifier；
The output end of the driving amplifier with satellite positioning receiver for being electrically connected.
Optionally, be provided with the via hole through its thickness direction on the printed circuit board, the duplexer filter it is defeated
Enter end to be electrically connected via the via hole with the output end of the feeding network.
Optionally, the range of the helix angle of the principal screw arm is 20 °~25 °.
Optionally, the helical antenna further includes flexible circuit board, and the flexible circuit board rolls into cylinder
Shape, cone or square column type, the radiating principal are looped around on the outer peripheral surface of the flexible circuit board.
Optionally, the radiating principal is formed in the outer of the flexible circuit board using copper facing or low temperature roasting silver process
On circumferential surface.
Optionally, the radiating principal uses the microstrip line of 0.707 wavelength in the outer peripheral surface of the flexible circuit board
Upper coiling is formed.
Optionally, the range of the thickness of the printed circuit board is 0.5mm~2mm.
Optionally, the radiating principal includes 4 principal screw arms and 4 parasitic spiral arms.
Optionally, each parasitic spiral arm exceed with its corresponding to~0.4 circle of the principal screw arm 0.2 circle.
Helical antenna provided by the utility model, radiating principal include at least one principal screw arm and at least one parasitic spiral shell
Spiral arm, and each principal screw arm and the parasitic spiral arm corresponding to it are arranged in parallel interval, in this way, principal screw arm can make
Resonance is in frequency upper frequency section, and parasitic spiral arm can make resonance in frequency lower frequency section, so that spiral
The frequency bandwidth of antenna is expanded to 6%, reach covering double-frequency GPS BDS GLONASS satellite navigation frequency and L-Band frequency
Purpose.In addition, the helix angle of parasitic part of the spiral arm beyond principal screw arm is less than parasitic spiral arm without departing from principal screw arm
Part helix angle, can be in the case where guaranteeing the necessary performance of helical antenna, reduction size as far as possible, so that spiral day
The structure of line is more compact.
Detailed description of the invention
By reading a detailed description of non-restrictive embodiments in the light of the attached drawings below, the application's is other
Feature, objects and advantages will become more apparent upon:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of helical antenna in the utility model first embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram that radiating principal is in flat in the utility model second embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of feeding network in the utility model 3rd embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the circuit principle structure figure of helical antenna in the utility model fourth embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the high-band gain directional diagram of helical antenna in the 5th embodiment of the utility model；
Fig. 6 is the low-band gain directional diagram of helical antenna in the utility model sixth embodiment；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the feeding point S parameter of helical antenna in the 7th embodiment of the utility model；
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the axial ratio of helical antenna in the 8th embodiment of the utility model.
100- helical antenna；110- printed circuit board；111- feeding network；111a- phase shifter；111b- balun；120- spoke
Penetrate main body；121- principal screw arm；122- parasitism spiral arm；130- duplexer filter；140- low-noise amplifier；150- filtering
Device；160- duplex combiner；170- flexible circuit board；180- driving amplifier；200- satellite positioning receiver.
Specific embodiment
The application is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.It is understood that this place is retouched
The specific embodiment stated is used only for explaining that related invention is created, rather than the restriction to invention creation.It further needs exist for illustrating
, part relevant to invention creation is illustrated only for ease of description, in attached drawing.
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can phase
Mutually combination.The application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the utility model relates to a kind of helical antenna 100, which includes printing electricity
Road plate 110 and the radiating principal 120 that 110 top of printed circuit board is set.The radiating principal 120 includes at least one main spiral shell
Spiral arm 121 and at least one parasitic spiral arm 122, wherein at least one corresponding parasitic spiral arm 122 of each principal screw arm 121,
And each principal screw arm 121 and the parasitic spiral arm 122 corresponding to it are arranged in parallel interval.The of each principal screw arm 121
One end with its corresponding to the first end of parasitic spiral arm 122 be electrically connected, to form the feed output of helical antenna 100
Hold OUT.The equal suspension joint of second end of the second end of each principal screw arm 121 and parasitic spiral arm 122, so-called suspension joint refer to:
The second end of the second end of principal screw arm 121 and parasitic spiral arm 122 is in open-circuit condition.Also, parasitic spiral arm 122
Length be greater than with its corresponding to principal screw arm 121 length, and part of the parasitic spiral arm 122 beyond principal screw arm 121
Helix angle β is less than helix angle α of the parasitic spiral arm 122 without departing from the part of principal screw arm 121.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, the radiating principal 120 of helical antenna 100 may include 4 principal screw arms 121 and 4
Parasitic spiral arm 122, it is, of course, also possible to according to actual needs, select the principal screw arm 121 and parasitism spiral arm of other quantity
122 etc..First end (as shown in fig. 1, close to one end of printed circuit board 110) and the parasitic spiral of 4 principal screw arms 121
The first end (as shown in fig. 1, close to one end of printed circuit board 110) of arm 122 is electrically connected, for example, principal screw arm
The first end of 121 first end and parasitic spiral arm 122 can be electrically connected via metal connecting piece, can also use it
His electric connection mode.The second end of the second end of 4 principal screw arms 121 and 4 parasitic spiral arms 122 is in open circuit shape
State.Also, as shown in Fig. 2, the helix angle β of the tip portion of parasitic spiral arm 122 is less than the helix angle of its lower portion
α。
The helical antenna 100 of the present embodiment structure, radiating principal 120 is including at least one principal screw arm 121 and at least
One parasitic spiral arm 122, and each principal screw arm 121 and the parasitic spiral arm 122 corresponding to it are arranged in parallel interval, this
Sample, principal screw arm 121 can make resonance in frequency upper frequency section, parasitic spiral arm 122 can make resonance frequency compared with
Low frequency section so that the frequency bandwidth of helical antenna 100 is expanded to 6%, reach covering double-frequency GPS BDS
The purpose of GLONASS satellite navigation frequency and L-Band frequency.In addition, parasitic spiral arm 122 exceeds the part of principal screw arm 121
Helix angle be less than helix angle of the parasitic spiral arm 122 without departing from the part of principal screw arm 121, can guarantee spiral day
In the case where the necessary performance of line 100, size is reduced as far as possible, so that the structure of helical antenna 100 is more compact.
As shown in figures 1 and 3, printed circuit board 110 is provided with feeding network 111 towards radiating principal 120 on one side, and
And the face of printed circuit board 110 can be ground plane, to constitute the reflecting surface of helical antenna 100.Printed circuit board 110 can
Think that FR-4 multi-layered board, plate thickness can be 0.5mm~2mm.Printed circuit board 110 is set on one side away from radiating principal 120
It is equipped with signal processing circuit.Wherein, the input terminal of feeding network 111 is electrically connected with each feed output end OUT, feeding network 111
Output end be electrically connected with the input terminal of signal processing circuit.The feeding network 111, for defeated by each feed output end OUT
Signal out is synthesized, to obtain circularly polarized signal.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, feeding network 111 may include two phase shifter 111a (phase shifter 111a
Can be 90-degree phase shifter) and a balun 111b (balun 111b can be a 180 degree balun), one of phase shifter
The input terminal of 111a is electrically connected with two feed output ends OUT1, OUT2, the input terminal and residue of another phase shifter 111a
Two feeds output end OUT3, OUT4 electrical connection, also, the input of the output end of two phase shifter 111a and balun 111b
End electrical connection.The output end of balun 111b is electrically connected with the input terminal of signal processing circuit.
Specifically, as shown in figure 4, signal processing circuit includes duplexer filter 130, low-noise amplifier 140, duplex conjunction
Road device 160 and driving amplifier 180.Wherein, the input terminal of duplexer filter 130 is electrically connected with the output end of balun 111b, double
The output end of work filter 130 is electrically connected with the input terminal of low-noise amplifier 140.The input terminal of duplexing combiner 160 with it is low
The output end of noise amplifier 140 is electrically connected, and the input terminal of the output end and driving amplifier 180 of duplexing combiner 160 is electrically connected
It connects, the output end of driving amplifier 180 with satellite positioning receiver 200 for being electrically connected.
It specifically, can be in order to realize being electrically connected for feeding network 111 and signal processing circuit on printed circuit board 110
The via hole (not showing that in figure) through its thickness direction is provided on printed circuit board 110, in this way, duplexer filter 130
Input terminal can be electrically connected via via hole with the output end of feeding network 111.
Hereafter the concrete signal transmission process of helical antenna 100 is illustrated, includes 4 main spiral shells with helical antenna 100
It is explained for spiral arm 121 and 4 parasitism spiral arm 122:
Specifically, shown in as shown in Figure 1, Figure 3 and Figure 4, the parasitic spiral arm 122 of 4 principal screw arms 121 and 4 forms 4 feedbacks
Electricity output end OUT1, OUT2, OUT3 and OUT4, this 4 feed output end OUT1, OUT2, OUT3 and OUT4 pass through electric with printing
Signal is coupled the feeding network 111 that is transported on printed circuit board 110 by the welding of road plate 110, and feeding network 111 is by orthogonal letter
Number synthesis circularly polarized signal, by after the via hole on printed circuit board 110 be sent into bottom signal processing circuit, passing through duplex
Filter 130 filters out high band and low-band signal, and the satellite that low-noise amplifier 140 amplifies received two frequency ranges respectively is led
Secondary filter is carried out by filter 150 again after boat signal, then is synthesized by duplexing combiner 160, driving is then passed through
Amplifier 180 amplifies, and is sent into satellite positioning receiver 200 finally by cable.
Optionally, as shown in Fig. 2, the helix angle α's of above-mentioned principal screw arm 121 may range from 20 °~25 °, accordingly
Ground, parasitic spiral arm 122 are also 20 °~25 without departing from the range of the helix angle α of the part of principal screw arm 121, parasitic spiral
The helix angle β of part of the arm 122 beyond principal screw arm 121 can be 6 °~10 °.
Optionally, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, helical antenna 100 further includes flexible circuit board 170, flexible print electricity
Road plate 170 rolls into cylindrical, cone or square column type, radiating principal 120 are looped around the periphery of flexible circuit board 170
On face.
Optionally, principal screw arm 121 encloses on the outer peripheral surface of flexible circuit board 170 around 1 in radiating principal 120,
Parasitic spiral arm 122 is on the outer peripheral surface of flexible circuit board 170 around 1.3 circles in radiating principal 120.
Specifically, radiating principal 120 can be formed in flexible circuit board 170 using copper facing or low temperature roasting silver process
On outer peripheral surface.
In addition, radiating principal 120 can use the microstrip line of 0.707 wavelength in the outer peripheral surface of flexible circuit board 170
Upper coiling is formed.
Specifically, flexible circuit board 170 can be polyfluortetraethylene plate material, on the flexible circuit board 170,
It can be laid out microstrip line according to specific helix angle and length, then roll into helix, to form radiating principal 120.
Optionally, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, each parasitic spiral arm 122 exceed with its corresponding to principal screw arm 121
Enclosing number can be~0.4 circle of 0.2 circle, it is therefore preferable to 0.3 circle.
The helical antenna 100 of the utility model, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, double-frequency GPS BDS GLONASS satellite navigation
Frequency and the maximum gain of L-Band are more than 3dBi, and antenna is -1.2dBi in 20 degree of low elevation gains.As shown in fig. 7, feed is defeated
Outlet reflects greater than 9dB, meets helical antenna demand.As shown in figure 8, helical antenna radial polarization axis ratio 0.07dB, low to face upward
Angle is less than 2dB, reaches state of the art.In addition, the helical antenna 100 of the utility model, can also be effectively reduced spiral day
The size of line 100, so that helical antenna 100 is compact-sized.
Above description is only the preferred embodiment of the application and the explanation to institute's application technology principle.Those skilled in the art
Member is it should be appreciated that innovation and creation range involved in the application, however it is not limited to made of the specific combination of above-mentioned technical characteristic
Technical solution, at the same should also cover do not depart from the innovation and creation design in the case where, by above-mentioned technical characteristic or its be equal
Feature carries out any combination and other technical solutions for being formed.Such as features described above and (but being not limited to) disclosed herein have
The technical solution for thering is the technical characteristic of similar functions to be replaced mutually and being formed.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of helical antenna, which is characterized in that including printed circuit board and the spoke being arranged in above the printed circuit board
Main body is penetrated, the radiating principal includes at least one principal screw arm and at least one parasitic spiral arm, each principal screw arm
At least one corresponding described parasitic spiral arm, and each principal screw arm with its corresponding to the parasitic spiral arm be in parallel
Interval setting；Wherein,
The first end of each principal screw arm with its corresponding to the first end of the parasitic spiral arm be electrically connected, with
Form the feed output end of the helical antenna；
The equal suspension joint of second end of the second end of the principal screw arm and the parasitic spiral arm；
The length of the parasitism spiral arm be greater than with its corresponding to the principal screw arm length, and the parasitic spiral arm is super
The helix angle of the part of the principal screw arm is less than spiral shell of the parasitic spiral arm without departing from the part of the principal screw arm out
Revolve lift angle.
2. helical antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the printed circuit board is towards the radiating principal
It is provided with feeding network on one side, the printed circuit board is provided with signal processing circuit away from the radiating principal on one side；Its
In,
The input terminal of the feeding network is electrically connected with each feed output end, the output end of the feeding network and the letter
The input terminal electrical connection of number processing circuit；
The feeding network, the signal for being exported each feed output end synthesizes, to obtain circularly polarized signal；
The signal processing circuit, for carrying out predetermined process to the circularly polarized signal, to obtain satisfactory target
Signal.
3. helical antenna according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the feeding network includes phase shifter and balun, institute
The input terminal for stating phase shifter is electrically connected with each feed output end, the input terminal of the output end of the phase shifter and the balun
Electrical connection, the output end of the balun are electrically connected with the input terminal of the signal processing circuit.
4. helical antenna according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the signal processing circuit include duplexer filter,
Low-noise amplifier, duplexing combiner and driving amplifier, wherein
The input terminal of the duplexer filter is electrically connected with the output end of the feeding network, the output end of the duplexer filter
It is electrically connected with the input terminal of the low-noise amplifier；
The input terminal of the duplex combiner is electrically connected with the output end of the low-noise amplifier, the duplexing combiner it is defeated
Outlet is electrically connected with the input terminal of the driving amplifier；
The output end of the driving amplifier with satellite positioning receiver for being electrically connected.
5. helical antenna according to claim 4, which is characterized in that be provided on the printed circuit board through its thickness
The input terminal of the via hole in direction, the duplexer filter is electrically connected via the via hole with the output end of the feeding network.
6. helical antenna as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the spiral of the principal screw arm
The range of lift angle is 20 °~25 °.
7. helical antenna as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the helical antenna further includes
Flexible circuit board, the flexible circuit board roll into cylindrical, cone or square column type, the radiating principal ring
It is wound on the outer peripheral surface of the flexible circuit board.
8. helical antenna according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the radiating principal roasts silver-colored work using copper facing or low temperature
Skill is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the flexible circuit board.
9. helical antenna as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the radiating principal is 0.707
The microstrip line of wavelength.
10. helical antenna as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the thickness of the printed circuit board
The range of degree is 0.5mm~2mm.
11. helical antenna as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the radiating principal includes 4
A principal screw arm and 4 parasitic spiral arms.
12. helical antenna as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that each parasitic spiral arm
Beyond with its corresponding to the principal screw arm 0.2 circle~0.4 circle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821606823.9U CN209001136U (en) | 2018-09-29 | 2018-09-29 | Helical antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821606823.9U CN209001136U (en) | 2018-09-29 | 2018-09-29 | Helical antenna |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN209001136U true CN209001136U (en) | 2019-06-18 |
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ID=66803008
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821606823.9U Active CN209001136U (en) | 2018-09-29 | 2018-09-29 | Helical antenna |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110518370A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-11-29 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of wide angle covering array antenna of multiband Shared aperture |
| CN110970727A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2020-04-07 | 北京合众思壮科技股份有限公司 | Helical antenna |
-
2018
- 2018-09-29 CN CN201821606823.9U patent/CN209001136U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110970727A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2020-04-07 | 北京合众思壮科技股份有限公司 | Helical antenna |
| CN110518370A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-11-29 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of wide angle covering array antenna of multiband Shared aperture |
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