CN208966302U - Horizontal well conveys tractor perforation tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of horizontal wells to convey tractor perforation tool, and releasing pup joint, rotating short-knot, upper centralizer, brake pipe nipple, magnetic orientation pipe nipple, tractor, lower centralizer, flexible nipple, safe power supply pipe nipple, damper, perforator and ball gun breech pass sequentially through screw thread mode from top to bottom and be linked together；Cable head harness is spirally connected with equipment of going into the well.The utility model is used in horizontal well perforation construction, centralizer is able to maintain tractor always and is in center condition, ensures tractor the operation is stable；Brake pipe nipple can provide resistance required when upwarping horizontal well operations；The rigidity of tractor perforation tool combination can be changed in flexible nipple, it is ensured that perforation conveying；Safe power supply pipe nipple guarantees perforator Electrical Safety, and can prevent accidentally perforation accident.Operation under the utility model is adaptable to first section perforation, bridge plug seat is honored as a queen perforations adding, the vertical operating conditions more various than horizontal well perforation etc. in big position, the construction time is short, and working strength is low, horizontal well perforation high efficiency.

Description

Horizontal well conveys tractor perforation tool

Technical field

The utility model belongs to petroleum works perforating technology field, is especially adapted for use in the horizontal well of horizontal well perforation operation Convey tractor perforation tool.

Background technique

In existing petroleum works horizontal well perforation construction, generally penetrated using Hydraulic transportation cable perforation and coiled tubing conveying Hole two ways, wherein Hydraulic transportation cable perforation drives perforation tool string mobile in shaft bottom using pump truck driving fluid, even Continuous oil tube conveying gun perforation directly transports perforation tool string with flexible pipe.Hydraulic transportation is at low cost, but Hydraulic transportation is necessary for making Industry provides water passage, cannot achieve first section perforation and bridge plug seat is honored as a queen perforations adding operation, in addition upwarping well in wide-angle can not control Perforating apparatus processed glides, and causes cable bad, perforating apparatus can be also generated when serious and falls well accident.Coiled tubing conveys success rate Height, but coiled tubing conveying not can avoid oil pipe and occur helical buckling in horizontal well, depth measurement precision is unable to control, makes At the accidents resulting from poor quality of projects such as perforation on casing coupling；Hanging down in big position will appear self-locking, Wu Faji than coiled tubing in horizontal well It is continuous to carry out operation；Equipment is big and weigh, not only installs, dismantlement work intensity is big, the time is long, security risk is high, and transport routes It is required that high.

CN204476303 discloses a kind of drill assembly, is connected in turn and subtracts from bottom to top between screw rod and drilling rod Shake device and centralizer.The drill assembly is adapted to PDC drill bit containing in the stratum such as gravel, handover heterogeneity, soft or hard variation be big Wellbore construction, extend PDC drill bit service life.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is status in view of the above technology, it is desirable to provide one kind is adaptable to first section perforation, bridge plug It is setting after perforations adding, big position hang down operating conditions more various than horizontal well perforation etc. under perforating job；The construction time can be effectively reduced, work is reduced Intensity, hence it is evident that the horizontal well for well perforation benefit of improving the standard conveys tractor perforation tool.

The implementation of the utility model aim is that horizontal well conveys tractor perforation tool, and releasing pup joint, rotation are short Section, upper centralizer, brake pipe nipple, magnetic orientation pipe nipple, tractor, lower centralizer, flexible nipple, safe power supply pipe nipple, damper, Perforator and ball gun breech pass sequentially through screw thread mode from top to bottom and are linked together；Cable halter and releasing pup joint connect It connects；

The releasing pup joint is made of upper and lower joint assembly；The top connection of the top connection component and cable halter spiral shell It connects, lower contact one and the outer tube of top connection component are spirally connected, and the connector sleeve in outer tube is connect by feather key with top connection, even There is locking slot in female connector；The lower contact component has the lock pawl of locking top connection component locking slot, and lock pawl is solid by spiral pin It is scheduled in lower contact two；The lock pawl is evenly distributed between fishing head and lower contact；

The rotary shaft of the centralizer is passed through from upper and lower spring spool internal holes, and rotating shaft terminal connects helping for centralizer Just upper and lower connector；Spring spool can move on the rotary shaft, and spring, clamping cap and bullet are equipped between spring spool and rotary shaft Push rod is placed at the top of spring spool by spring sleeve by screw thread holddown spring；There are four groups of righting arms between upper and lower spring spool； Brace one end of every group of righting arm is fixed on push rod by steel pin, and one end is on bearing；Bearing mounted in two braces it Between, it is fixed by steel pin；

Be spirally connected brake control mechanism between the brake top connection and brake lower contact of the brake pipe nipple；The brake control The brake pad of mechanism is located among two support arm one end, and is connected and fixed with steel pin, and the two support arm other ends are fixed by steel pin On backup block, spring is equipped between backup block and catch bar, catch bar is connect with electric machine assembly.

The utility model is used in horizontal well perforation construction, encounters the change of the pit shafts such as expanding casing, undergauge, deformation, damage When change, centralizer is able to maintain tractor always and is in center condition, ensures tractor the operation is stable；It encounters to mention and passes through horizontal well When upwarping well section, brake pipe nipple can provide required resistance, prevents the combination of tractor perforation tool from upwarping well section in horizontal well and goes out It now slides, damages cable or the combination of tractor perforation tool is fallen well accident and occurred；When encountering small curvature horizontal well, flexible nipple can Change the rigidity of tractor perforation tool combination, it is ensured that the conveying of tractor perforation tool combination；When tractor breaks down, lead Lead device working voltage power supply can access lower end, and safe power supply pipe nipple can prevent tractor working voltage electricity from being connected to perforator, i.e., Guarantee the Electrical Safety of perforator, and prevents perforator from accidentally perforation accident occur.

The utility model overcome cannot achieve first section perforation in Hydraulic transportation method and bridge plug seat be honored as a queen perforations adding operation, penetrate Equipment downslide in hole causes the vertical ratio of perforation accident resulting from poor quality of projects on well accident and coiled tubing delivery method middle sleeve box cupling, big position Horizontal well can not operation, great work intensity, the disadvantage that the time is long, security risk is high.It is adaptable to first section perforation, bridge plug seat is honored as a queen Operation under perforations adding, the vertical operating conditions more various than horizontal well perforation etc. in big position；Construction time can be effectively reduced using the utility model, reduced Working strength, hence it is evident that well perforation benefit of improving the standard.

Detailed description of the invention

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the utility model,

Fig. 2 is the utility model outline drawing,

Fig. 3 is the top connection component structure diagram of releasing pup joint,

Fig. 4 is the lower contact component structure diagram of releasing pup joint,

Fig. 5 is centralizer structure schematic diagram,

Fig. 6 is brake pipe nipple structural schematic diagram,

Fig. 7 is retractor structures schematic diagram,

Fig. 8 is flexible nipple structural schematic diagram,

Fig. 9 is shock absorber structure schematic diagram,

Figure 10 is ball gun breech structural schematic diagram.

Specific embodiment

The utility model is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Fig.1,2, releasing pup joint 1, rotating short-knot 2, upper centralizer 3, the brake pipe nipple 4, magnetic orientation of the utility model Pipe nipple 5, tractor 6, lower centralizer 7, flexible nipple 8, safe power supply pipe nipple 9, damper 10, perforator 11 and ball gun breech 12 Screw thread mode is passed sequentially through from top to bottom to be linked together.Cable head harness by screw thread easily and quickly with give up Pipe nipple connection.

Referring to Fig. 3,4, the releasing pup joint 1 is made of upper and lower joint assembly.The top connection 17 of the top connection component with Cable halter is spirally connected, and lower contact one and the outer tube 21 of top connection component are spirally connected, and the connector sleeve 19 in outer tube passes through guiding Key 18 is connect with top connection, there is locking slot 20 on connector sleeve.

The lower contact component has the lock pawl 15 of locking top connection component locking slot, and lock pawl is fixed on by spiral pin 16 In lower contact two.The lock pawl is evenly distributed between fishing head and lower contact；

There are three lock pawl, three lock pawls to be evenly distributed on fishing head 13 and lower contact by 120 ° of angle for the utility model Between 2 14.

Before releasing pup joint is gone into the well, the fishing head 13 of lower contact component is inserted into the outer tube 21 of top connection component, connector sleeve 19 It injects in fishing head, lock pawl 15 sticks into locking slot 20, and three lock pawls 15 are held tightly in locking slot 20, makes fishing head and lock Determine pawl to be linked together, and 10000 newton pulling force can be born and do not slipped.

When the utility model met in well card when, by ground issue release order after, lock pawl will be out of locking slot on It is detached from, top connection component is slipped from lower contact component, and top connection component acts well head by cable, and lower contact component, which stays in, to be led On lead device perforation tool.It is connect by mating fishing tool with the fishing head of lower contact component, the utility model can be taken out well Mouthful.

The rotating short-knot 2 of the utility model is using a kind of rotation equipped with pressure balance mechanism disclosed in CN105507879 Pipe nipple.It is made of top connection, rotary components, central axis and lower contact.Its rotary components is connect by screw thread with top connection, is revolved Turning component internal has one can pass through the rotary part inside connector sleeve and rotary components with 360 ° of any rotary parts, central axis Connection, central axis are connect by screw thread with lower contact, are realized and are rotated relatively freely between such top connection and lower contact.

The top connection of rotating short-knot is connect by screw thread with pipe nipple is lost.When the utility model decentralization, cable can be generated Rotary torsion, top connection are rotated according to cable torsion direction, lower contact connection other components maintain the original state it is constant, thus Electric cable rotary torsion is discharged, it is ensured that cable is not damaged in the process of going into the well.

Rotary torsion can be generated when the utility model above mentions, lower contact is rotated according to rotary torsion direction, top connection and The cable of connection maintains the original state constant, so that the rotary torsion of generation be discharged, can prevent each spiral shell between each component Line junction does not loosen.

The upper centralizer 3 of the utility model is identical with lower 7 structure of centralizer.Referring to Fig. 5, the rotary shaft 25 of the centralizer It is passed through from upper spring sleeve 26,29 internal holes of lower spring spool, rotation two terminates under the righting top connection 24 of centralizer, righting Connector 31.Spring spool can move on the rotary shaft, and spring 33, clamping cap 30 and spring are equipped between spring spool and rotary shaft Push rod 32 is placed at the top of spring spool by sleeve by screw thread holddown spring.Have between upper spring sleeve 26, lower spring spool 29 Four groups of righting arms.28 one end of brace of every group of righting arm is fixed on push rod 32 by steel pin, and one end is mounted on bearing 27, Bearing is fixed between two braces by steel pin.

Four groups of righting arms of centralizer are uniformly distributed on the rotary shaft with 90 °, and righting arm, which opens size, can pass through spring pocket Cylinder compressed spring is adjusted, support force 50kg ± 2kg, can guarantee that the utility model is placed in the middle in horizontal well, reduces conveying frictional resistance, with Improve the ability that tractor carries.

Referring to Fig. 6, the brake top connection of the brake pipe nipple 4 of the utility model is connect by screw thread with upper centralizer 3.Brake Be spirally connected brake control mechanism 42 between top connection 41 and brake lower contact 43.The brake pad 40 of the brake control mechanism is located at two It among 37 one end of support arm, and is connected and fixed with steel pin 38, the two support arm other ends are fixed on backup block 39 by steel pin, are pushed away Spring 36 is equipped between block and catch bar 35, catch bar is connect with electric machine assembly 34.Electric machine assembly uses common motor group Part.

When brake pad 40 struts, electric machine assembly 34 drives 35 transverse movement of catch bar, and compressed spring 36 pushes backup block 39 It is mobile, so that brake pad be driven to strut upwards, struts and determine that brake pad generates the size of frictional force on the borehole wall apart from size, most Big frictional force is not less than 400kg, stationary state needed for can guarantee tractor perforation tool operation or uniform motion requirement.

When brake pad collapses, electric machine assembly drives the transverse movement of catch bar opposite direction, spring reset, and support arm drives brake Pawl moves down, and final brake pad collapses in brake pipe nipple.

When the utility model upwarps well section or perforating job by horizontal well, in self gravity and blast impulse masterpiece is generated Under, it may appear that accelerate downglide motion, cable bad or the utility model is caused to fall well.The friction resistance generated by brake pipe nipple Power can enable the utility model remain static in perforating site or upwarp well section by horizontal well and be in uniform motion shape State, it is therefore prevented that the generation of accident.

The magnetic orientation pipe nipple 5 of the utility model uses existing magnetic orientation pipe nipple, by magnetic orientation top connection, probe segment and Magnetic orientation lower contact composition.Magnetic orientation top connection is connected through a screw thread with brake pipe nipple.The probe segment is by being wound on soft iron iron Two permanent-magnet steels of one group of coil and two permanent-magnet steels on core are fixed on coil windings both ends in a manner of same polarity.

When magnetic orientation pipe nipple passes through down-hole casing box cupling, the magnetic flux of probe segment permanent-magnet steel changes, and passes through coil Magnetic line of force corresponding change, an induced electromotive force can be obtained on coil, perforator may determine that by induced electromotive force Position in well.

Referring to Fig. 7, the tractor 6 of the utility model is by hydraulic control system 49, backup hydraulic system 50 and multiple tractions Section 51 forms；Hydraulic control system be will push against in hydraulic system hydraulic oil pressurization after, be transported to hydraulic cylinder 58 control dress It sets.

The featured arm rest 52 of each traction section is fixed in traction section 51 by steel pin, and the other end is connect with driving wheel 54. Secondary backup arm 53 is connect with featured arm rest by steel pin, and the other end is connect with push rod 55, can be by featured arm rest by push rod It opens or collapses.Push rod protrudes into hydraulic cylinder, has a sealing ring 56 between push rod and traction section, and sealing ring is by hydraulic cylinder 58 and horizontal well Interior liquid isolation, prevents liquid from entering in hydraulic cylinder.It is equipped with spring 57 on push rod and passes through spring when being in low pressure in hydraulic cylinder It resets, arm can be will push against and collapsed automatically.

Pressurized hydraulic oil is input in hydraulic cylinder when control system 49 controls backup hydraulic system 50, pushes push rod 55 move forward, compressed spring 57, while secondary backup arm 53 being driven to move forward, and auxiliary drives featured arm rest to move up, main Backup arm is opened, and driving wheel and the horizontal borehole wall are in close contact, and applies pressure to the horizontal borehole wall, and pressure size depends on liquid The pressure of hydraulic oil in cylinder pressure.

High pressure liquid pressure oil in hydraulic cylinder is released back into backup hydraulic system when control system 49 controls backup hydraulic system 50 Interior, spring automatic reset pushes push rod to move backward, while secondary backup arm being driven to move backward, and secondary backup arm drives featured lean on Arm moves down, and promotes mainly arm rest and collapses into traction section, tractor stops working.

Referring to Fig. 8, the soft heart component of the flexible nipple 8 of the utility model is fixed on flexible top connection by 4 screws 60 Between 62 and flexible lower contact 59, flexible top connection is connect with the righting lower contact of lower centralizer by screw buckle.

The soft heart component is that have more piece flexible joint on pipe nipple tube wall, and each flexible joint has multiple positive and negative connected T-types Notch, the part between notch form flexible flower block.The flexibility flower block of each flexible joint can be moved or be rotated in cut and hang, Make flexible nipple that can make any direction bending in space, bending angle can bear 45000kg pressure less than 10 °.It is flexible Pipe nipple can be such that the utility model inclination section in horizontal well moves freely.

The utility model is with five section flexible joints of laser cutting on pipe nipple tube wall, and there are four positive and negative connected for each flexible joint T-type notch, 61 width 2mm ± 1mm of notch.

The safe power supply pipe nipple 9 of the utility model is using " downhole cable tractor conveying gun perforation disclosed in CN207245653 With safe power supply converting unit ", it is controlled by cable drive circuit, signal receiving circuit, data coding-decoding circuit, mechanical switch Circuit, electronic switch control circuit and power circuit composition.Connect the mechanical switch control electricity at electronic switch control circuit both ends Road taps tractor, perforating apparatus.Electronic switch control circuit connects power circuit and circuit of mechanical switch control, mechanical switch control The signal receiving circuit and cable drive circuit of circuit processed connect data coding-decoding circuit, single-chip microcontroller；Single-chip microcontroller connects motor.Machinery is opened Closing includes control unit, motor, moving contact, switch contact and spring, and switch contact makes mechanical switch always under the action of the spring It is in an off state.Instrument cylinder is connect by screw thread with top connection, lower contact, and mechanical switch is mounted in instrument cylinder.Top connection It is connected through a screw thread with flexible nipple.

When mechanical switch is closed, control unit control motor circles moving contact counterclockwise, when dynamic touching Head is when going to decentralization, and it is downward to squeeze switch contact, is closed mechanical switch, perforator is given to provide a supply access.It is mechanical When switch disconnects, moving contact continuation circles counterclockwise, and when moving contact is separated with static contact, static contact is in bullet Under spring reset response, disconnect mechanical switch, when preventing tractor from working, tractor working voltage power supply enters perforator, makes Perforation is damaged or missed at perforator.

Referring to Fig. 9, the sliding sleeve 72 1 of the damper 10 of the utility model terminates damping top connection 70, and the end of one end sticks into In damping lower contact 73, there is spring 71 outside sliding sleeve, there is retaining ring 74 in damping lower contact.Sliding sleeve end between retaining ring at a distance from, i.e., Moving distance of the sliding sleeve end 72 in lower contact is greater than spring maximum compression length.The impact force generated when perforator operation When being added to damping top connection, damping top connection compressible spring discharges destruction of the impact force to the utility model.

The perforator 11 of the utility model uses common perforator.The firing mount body of perforator be welded on positioning ring, under Between positioning ring.Firing mount body is hollow cylinder steel body, and the shell hole of the 60 ° of degree helical arrangement same diameters in angle is pressed on surface.Firing mount body There is the jackscrew eye of a dress jackscrew at both ends, and firing mount body is fixed by jackscrew and perforating gun.

When horizontal well conveys tractor perforating job, perforating bullet is installed in shell hole, tractor conveying gun perforation device reaches pre- Positioning postpones, and perforating bullet igniting explosion by stratum aperture, allows fluid in horizontal down-hole formation to enter in horizontal wellbore.

Referring to Fig.1 0,22 one end of gun breech body of the ball gun breech 12 of the utility model is spirally connected with perforator, and the other end is circle Bullet.It is uniformly distributed on the external periphery of gun breech there are six semi-circular recesses, 2/3rds of ball 23 are located at semicircle recessed In slot.Semi-circular recesses mouth is reduced by welding, ball is contracted to and is not fallen off on gun breech body, and can position freely rotated It sets, the mobile Frotteurism of perforator is become into rolling friction from sliding friction, reduces the conveying frictional resistance of perforator.

The utility model is used in horizontal well perforation construction, encounters the horizontal wells such as expanding casing, undergauge, deformation, damage When cylinder variation, centralizer is able to maintain tractor always and is in center condition, ensures tractor the operation is stable；It encounters to mention and passes through water When horizontal well upwarps well section, brake pipe nipple can provide required resistance, prevent the utility model from upwarping under well section appearance in horizontal well It is sliding, it damages cable or the combination of tractor perforation tool is fallen well accident and occurred；When encountering small curvature horizontal well, flexible nipple is changeable The rigidity of the utility model, it is ensured that the conveying of tractor perforation tool combination；When tractor breaks down, tractor working voltage Power supply can access lower end, and safe power supply pipe nipple can prevent tractor working voltage electricity from being connected to perforator, that is, guarantee perforator Electrical Safety, and prevent perforator from accidentally perforation accident occur.

Claims (9)

1. horizontal well conveys tractor perforation tool, it is characterised in that: releasing pup joint, rotating short-knot, upper centralizer, brake are short Section, magnetic orientation pipe nipple, tractor, lower centralizer, flexible nipple, safe power supply pipe nipple, damper, perforator and ball gun breech from Screw thread mode is passed sequentially through under to be linked together；Cable halter is connect with releasing pup joint；

The releasing pup joint is made of upper and lower joint assembly；The top connection of the top connection component is spirally connected with cable halter, on Lower contact one and the outer tube of joint assembly are spirally connected, and the connector sleeve in outer tube is connect by feather key with top connection, connector sleeve On have locking slot；The lower contact component has the lock pawl of locking top connection component locking slot, and lock pawl is fixed on by spiral pin In lower contact two；The lock pawl is evenly distributed between fishing head and lower contact；

The rotary shaft of the centralizer is passed through from upper and lower spring spool internal holes, rotating shaft terminal connects in the righting of centralizer, Lower contact；Spring spool can move on the rotary shaft, and spring, clamping cap and spring spool are equipped between spring spool and rotary shaft By screw thread holddown spring, push rod is placed at the top of spring spool；There are four groups of righting arms between upper and lower spring spool；It is described every Brace one end of group righting arm is fixed on push rod by steel pin, and one end is on bearing；Bearing passes through between two braces Steel pin is fixed；

Be spirally connected brake control mechanism between the brake top connection and brake lower contact of the brake pipe nipple；The brake control mechanism Brake pad be located among two support arm one end, and be connected and fixed with steel pin, the two support arm other ends are fixed on by steel pin to be pushed away On block, spring is equipped between backup block and catch bar, catch bar is connect with electric machine assembly.

2. horizontal well according to claim 1 conveys tractor perforation tool, it is characterised in that: three locks of releasing pup joint Determine pawl to be evenly distributed between fishing head and lower contact two by 120 ° of angle.

3. horizontal well according to claim 1 conveys tractor perforation tool, it is characterised in that: four groups of rightings of centralizer Arm is uniformly distributed on the rotary shaft by 90 ° of angle.

4. horizontal well according to claim 1 conveys tractor perforation tool, it is characterised in that: magnetic orientation pipe nipple is determined by magnetic Position top connection, probe segment and magnetic orientation lower contact composition；Magnetic orientation top connection is connected through a screw thread with brake pipe nipple；The spy One group of coil and two permanent-magnet steels by being wound on soft iron iron core are divided in head, and two permanent-magnet steels are fixed in a manner of same polarity Coil windings both ends.

5. horizontal well according to claim 1 conveys tractor perforation tool, it is characterised in that: tractor is by hydraulic control System, backup hydraulic system and multiple traction sections composition；The hydraulic control system is the hydraulic oil that will push against in hydraulic system After pressurization, it is transported to the control device of hydraulic cylinder；

The featured arm rest of each traction section is fixed in traction section by steel pin, and the other end is connect with driving wheel；Secondary backup arm with Featured arm rest is connected by steel pin, and the other end connect with push rod, featured arm rest is opened or collapsed by push rod；Push rod protrudes into liquid In cylinder pressure, there is sealing ring between push rod and traction section, be equipped with spring on push rod.

6. horizontal well according to claim 1 conveys tractor perforation tool, it is characterised in that: the soft heart group of flexible nipple Part is fixed by screws between flexible top connection and flexible lower contact；

The soft heart component is that have more piece flexible nipple on pipe nipple tube wall, and each flexible nipple has multiple positive and negative connected T-types Notch, the part between notch form flexible flower block.

7. horizontal well according to claim 6 conveys tractor perforation tool, it is characterised in that: soft disposition component is short There are five section flexible nipples on section tube wall, there are four positive and negative connected T-type notch, the wide 2mm ± 1mm of notch for each flexible nipple.

8. horizontal well according to claim 1 conveys tractor perforation tool, it is characterised in that: sliding sleeve one end of damper Damping top connection is connect, the end of one end sticks into damping lower contact, has spring outside sliding sleeve, has retaining ring in damping lower contact；Sliding sleeve End between retaining ring at a distance from be greater than spring maximum compression length.

9. horizontal well according to claim 1 conveys tractor perforation tool, it is characterised in that: the gun breech body of ball gun breech One end is spirally connected with perforator, and the other end is conically shaped body；It is uniformly distributed on the external periphery of gun breech there are six semi-circular recesses, is rolled 2/3rds of pearl are located in semi-circular recesses；Semi-circular recesses mouth is contracted to ball and does not fall off on gun breech body, and can appoint The position of meaning rotation.