CN2089635U - Surface tension measuring device by volume - Google Patents
Surface tension measuring device by volume Download PDFInfo
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- CN2089635U CN2089635U CN 91204084 CN91204084U CN2089635U CN 2089635 U CN2089635 U CN 2089635U CN 91204084 CN91204084 CN 91204084 CN 91204084 U CN91204084 U CN 91204084U CN 2089635 U CN2089635 U CN 2089635U
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- liquid
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a device of the surface tension measuring device by volume, belonging to the instrument measuring field. As the schematic diagram is shown, the utility model comprises a container of the liquid under test, a drop volume pipe of the container, a lifting high-level groove of a liquid drop control device, an overflow pipe device, an inflating device, etc. The utility model can be made of glass, transparent hard plastic, etc., and has the advantages of convenient and simple operation and accurate and reliable measured result.
Description
The present invention relates to the device of a kind of drop-volume method survey table (boundary) surface tension.Belong to the apparatus measures field.
Table (boundary) surface tension--table (boundary) face excess free energy is the critical nature of liquid.Concerning the worker who is engaged in surfactant research, it is crucial how adopting easy device accurately to measure the table of solution (boundary) surface tension.Up to now, many assay methods have been developed, hang sheet method, around-France, capillary rise method, maximum bubble method, drip profile method, oscillating jet technique (A.W.Adamson as drop-volume method, Wilhelmy, " Physical Chemistry of Surfaces ", 3rd edn., John-Wiley, New york, Chap.1, (1976)) etc.Many devices commercialization already based on various measuring principles.But owing to be subjected to the restriction of measuring principle itself, above-mentioned in actual applications these methods cut both ways.
In numerous tables (boundary) surface tension assay method, drop-volume method deserves to be called the easiest and a kind of quite accurately.This method also is suitable for (only require liquid and glass or other water dropper material contact angle＜90 °) to not exclusively wetting system.Zhu
Very easy being easy to get of experimental provision (the dashed line free frame goes out part among Fig. 1) that precious jade, Zhao Guoxi (chemistry circular, 341(1981)) propose on the basis of Harkins work is applicable to that table (boundary) surface tension of general liquid or solution is measured.Advantages such as drop-volume method is easy, accurate with its device, the scope of application is wider are widely adopted.
Yet, the improved place of need is also arranged in the above-mentioned experimental provision.Former experimental provision, for recording the equilibrium value of table (boundary) surface tension, behind the liquid of extruding 90% drop volume, need make drop hang a period of time so that table (boundary) face reaches adsorption equilibrium (length is decided according to system), and then extrude remainingly 10% lentamente, liquid is dripped naturally being close to not have under the situation that adds impulse force.Find in the experiment, if use the control drop device of ear washing bulb repacking, hang drip wait for adsorption equilibrium during this period of time in, the phenomenon of drop suck-back takes place through regular meeting.If often do not apply manual intervention, whole drop is understood in the sucked back drop volume pipe when serious.Like this, in whole mensuration process, the operator must often observe the variation of drop (or height of drop volume intraluminal fluid face), and constantly carries out manual intervention, to guarantee drip gauge (boundary) face sufficiently long digestion time is arranged.Can infer, this is very inconvenient for the long system of equilibration time, and frequent manual intervention also makes unavoidably to measure and have certain artificial property, and operator's skill level influences the reliability of measurement result greatly.In addition, original ear washing bulb control drop device is too simple, and the action to rotary screw extruding ear washing bulb produces hysteresis sometimes, causes excessive extrusion, makes the non-drippage naturally of drop.If adopt syringe as control drop device, the impermeability of syringe will directly influence control and drip effect, and will be also very careful in order to avoid pushing excessively, squeezes drop fall during operation, influence experimental result.
Produce the reason of above-mentioned suck-back phenomenon, may be ear washing bulb and connect the drop volume pipe and the emulsion tube of ear washing bulb has deformability (its internal volume of distortion back changes, the effect that the drop that hangs is produced extruding or sucks) and has delayed action by they self its shape of recovery of elasticity.
In order to overcome the deficiency of said apparatus, the measure that apparatus of the present invention adopt is: replace original ear washing bulb control drop device with automatic control drop device, be characterized in: can exempt the operator and watch formation and the drippage of observing drop and the hard work of handling ear washing bulb with breathless interest incessantly attentively, and record the result accurately and reliably, and available several playscript with stage directions contrive equipment measures table (boundary) surface tension of different liquids or different solutions or variable concentrations solution simultaneously, save time, laborsaving, efficient is high.
Apparatus of the present invention (shown in synoptic diagram) comprising:
(1) container 1 of liquid to be measured or solution;
(2) the drop volume pipe 2;
(3) control drop device (being the device in the synoptic diagram frame of broken lines), this device is made up of following each several part: operation liquid container 3, uprise 4 is arranged in it, this pipe upper end communicates with the external world, and container 3 bottoms are closed in the lower end; Open to atmosphere hole and feed liquor kapillary 5 are arranged respectively at its top, and this pipe liquid outlet is near uprise 4, so that the outer wall of liquid along 4 flow down, and communicate with head tank 6; Its underpart has run-down pipe 7 respectively, and the liquid discharge pipe 9 that communicates and have switchgear with excess flow control 8; 6 can link to each other with jacking gear 10 with 8, or be positioned at can arbitrarily move, on the stationary device.Above-mentioned feed liquor kapillary can have two, has switchgear to link to each other between the two, and one of them liquid outlet is bigger.
(4) pump-up device 11, for example can use ear washing bulb, and syringe etc. can not wanted pump-up device yet.
Can use link together by adequate measure (as adopting emulsion tube, proofed sleeve, glass tube, ground piston, two roads or three road pistons, rubber stopper etc. as required) between above-mentioned (1), (2), (3), (4) each several part.
Apparatus of the present invention useable glass, materials such as transparent hard plastic are made.
The using method of apparatus of the present invention is as follows:
The drop volume pipe wouldn't be linked to each other with control drop device, promote head tank and excess flow control 8 to correct position, make operation liquid (for example water or other liquid) inject 3 by the feed liquor kapillary, (in order to accelerate feed liquor speed, can open two intercapillary switches, simultaneously by heavy caliber kapillary feed liquor.
2. after treating that the excess flow control pipe begins overflow, drop volume pipe water dropper is immersed in the liquid to be measured, UNICOM's drop volume pipe and control drop device then reduce head tank and make and stop feed liquor, reduce excess flow control 8 simultaneously to suitable height.
3. open the switchgear of liquid discharge pipe 9, discharge wherein liquid, make liquid liquid level to be measured in the drop volume pipe rise to desired height after, stop discharging.
4. improve the drop volume pipe, make water dropper apart from liquid level 1-2 centimetre, implant operation liquid oozes first drop of liquid by the drop volume pipe fast then, and have small amount of liquid to remain on the water dropper this moment.
5. open delivery pipe and emit small amount of liquid, small amount of liquid residual on the water dropper is sucked back in the drop volume pipe fully.Read the volume markings value V on the drop volume pipe
o
6. adjust head tank height (excess flow control is motionless), operation liquid is slowly flowed into through kapillary 5, will slowly form drop at the water dropper place, until drippage.Form second then ... when the excess flow control place produces overflow, form the drop process and stop automatically.Write down the number of drops n that 6. begins to this moment drippage, repetitive operation 5. read volume scale value V
n, (V then
n-V
o)/n is each average external volume V that drips.
When changing liquid concentration to be measured (towards rare or enriching), rotary switch device is communicated with drop volume pipe and pump-up device and disconnects with uprise 4, and water dropper is immersed in the liquid to be measured, handles pump-up device and makes the solution mixing.When no pump-up device, available ear washing bulb or syringe etc. directly link to each other with the drop volume pipe, inflate make the solution mixing after, again with it disconnection.
The table of liquid to be measured (boundary) surface tension γ is:
γ＝F· (Vρg)/(r)
ρ is poor (medium is an air usually, and its density can be ignored) of liquid density to be measured and Media density in the formula, and g is an acceleration of gravity, and F is and V/r
3Relevant correction factor (Zhu that can table look-up
Precious jade, Zhao Guoxi, the chemistry circular, 341(1981)) obtain.
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the present invention, enumerate following examples, but this there is not any restriction to scope of the present invention.
Example:
As synoptic diagram, make the container of liquid to be measured with one 100 milliliters test tube, in wherein inserting the drop volume pipe, this pipe is formed by the graduated tube blowing, with rubber stopper it and described container is connected together.Link to each other with an end of a stop,threeway with emulsion tube in drop volume pipe upper end, its other end links to each other with pump-up device, and an end that is left links to each other with uprise in operating liquid container.The operation liquid container is according to the shape shown in the synoptic diagram, select the glass tube blowing of appropriateness for use, the head tank that is attached thereto, excess flow control also as mentioned above method make, and it is fixed on the selected appropriate location with the instrument clamping that can arbitrarily move, promptly available aforementioned using method is manipulated.
Description of drawings:
The container of 1 liquid to be measured or solution
2 drop volume pipes
3 operation liquid containers
4 uprises
5 feed liquor kapillaries
6 head tanks
7 run-down pipes
8 excess flow controls
The liquid discharge pipe of 9 belt switches
10 jacking gears or can arbitrarily move, stationary device
11 pump-up devices
Claims (2)
1, a kind of drop-volume method is surveyed the device of table (boundary) surface tension, it is characterized in that described device comprises:
The container 1 of liquid 1. to be measured or solution;
2. the drop volume pipe 2;
3. control the drop device, this device is made up of following each several part: operation liquid container 3, uprise 4 is arranged in it, and this pipe upper end communicates with the external world, and container 3 bottoms are closed in the lower end; Open to atmosphere hole and feed liquor kapillary 5 are arranged respectively at its top, and this pipe liquid outlet makes liquid flow down along 4 outer walls, and communicates with head tank 6 near uprise 4; Its underpart run-down pipe 7 is arranged respectively and communicate with excess flow control 8 and the liquid discharge pipe 9,6 that has a switch can link to each other with jacking gear 10 with 8 or be positioned at can arbitrarily move, on the stationary device;
4. pump-up device 11, also this pump-up device 11 not;
Above-mentioned 1., 2., 3., 4. available emulsion tube, proofed sleeve, glass tube, ground piston, two or three road pistons or the rubber stopper use that links together between the each several part.
2, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described feed liquor kapillary 5 has two, and switchgear is arranged between the two, and one of them liquid outlet is bigger; Described pump-up device 11 is an ear washing bulb.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91204084 CN2089635U (en) | 1991-03-21 | 1991-03-21 | Surface tension measuring device by volume |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91204084 CN2089635U (en) | 1991-03-21 | 1991-03-21 | Surface tension measuring device by volume |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2089635U true CN2089635U (en) | 1991-11-27 |
Family
ID=4914252
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91204084 Withdrawn CN2089635U (en) | 1991-03-21 | 1991-03-21 | Surface tension measuring device by volume |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2089635U (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100420897C (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2008-09-24 | 深圳市建恒工业自控系统有限公司 | Composite differential volume tube metering type quantitatively conveying method and device thereof |
| CN102636417A (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2012-08-15 | 四川大学 | Leakage and pulling-out device for measuring liquid surface tension coefficient by pulling-off method |
| CN104390888A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-03-04 | 四川大学 | Method for measuring surface tension coefficient of liquid by virtue of liquid discharge of hollow cylinder |
| CN104390889A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-03-04 | 四川大学 | Method for measuring liquid surface tension by using transparent glass tube with scale marks |
| CN104458507A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-03-25 | 四川大学 | Method for measuring surface tension coefficient of liquid by injecting liquid into round tank |
| CN114354452A (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2022-04-15 | 四川大学 | Method for measuring surface tension coefficient by dropping liquid drops on needle tube |
-
1991
- 1991-03-21 CN CN 91204084 patent/CN2089635U/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100420897C (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2008-09-24 | 深圳市建恒工业自控系统有限公司 | Composite differential volume tube metering type quantitatively conveying method and device thereof |
| CN102636417A (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2012-08-15 | 四川大学 | Leakage and pulling-out device for measuring liquid surface tension coefficient by pulling-off method |
| CN104390888A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-03-04 | 四川大学 | Method for measuring surface tension coefficient of liquid by virtue of liquid discharge of hollow cylinder |
| CN104390889A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-03-04 | 四川大学 | Method for measuring liquid surface tension by using transparent glass tube with scale marks |
| CN104458507A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-03-25 | 四川大学 | Method for measuring surface tension coefficient of liquid by injecting liquid into round tank |
| CN104390889B (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2016-09-28 | 四川大学 | Transparent glass tube with a scale measures the method for surface tension of liquid |
| CN114354452A (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2022-04-15 | 四川大学 | Method for measuring surface tension coefficient by dropping liquid drops on needle tube |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |