CN208901703U - A kind of closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation equipment - Google Patents
A kind of closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN208901703U CN208901703U CN201821527751.9U CN201821527751U CN208901703U CN 208901703 U CN208901703 U CN 208901703U CN 201821527751 U CN201821527751 U CN 201821527751U CN 208901703 U CN208901703 U CN 208901703U
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- Prior art keywords
- refrigeration
- cold
- cold accumulation
- valve
- refrigerant
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 7
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000505 pernicious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
A kind of closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation equipment, including refrigeration and cold accumulation tank, pipeline, vacuum pump, condenser, receiving tank and turn liquid pump, it is provided with refrigerant outlet and refrigerant inlet on the refrigeration and cold accumulation tank, the pipeline passes sequentially through vacuum pump, condenser, receiving tank and turns liquid pump and be connected to refrigerant outlet with refrigerant inlet；It is provided with heat exchanger tube in the refrigeration and cold accumulation tank and then refrigeration and cold accumulation tank is divided into tube side and shell side, refrigerating medium is provided in the tube side, refrigerant is provided in the shell side, immersed with the cold-storage agent storage device that heat exchange can occur in the refrigerant, cold-storage material is provided in the cold-storage agent storage device.The utility model realizes refrigeration and cold-storage using unique refrigeration and cold accumulation jar structure, and generates vacuum using vacuum pump, is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to Refrigeration Engineering technical field, specially a kind of closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation equipment.
Background technique
Currently a popular Refrigeration Technique mainly has freon vapour compression refrigeration technology, steam double-effect lithium bromide to absorb refrigeration
Technology.The major defect of freon vapour compression refrigeration technology are as follows: refrigerant is using environmentally harmful freon, mainly
Being can be very serious to the injury of atmospheric ozone layer, belongs to and has to force superseded refrigerant.Compressor horsepower is high, needs to disappear
Consume a large amount of electric energy.Demand to recirculated water is big, while influence of the variation of recirculated water water temperature, water quality to refrigeration effect is also big.
Maintenance workload caused by the equipment attritions such as compressor is also big.The defect of steam steam double-effect lithium bromide absorption Refrigeration Technique
Are as follows: steam consumption is big, and refrigeration is used as water cooler, and general cryogenic temperature steams under 5 DEG C or more, working condition of the same race
Vapour consumption is converted into the electricity charge and vapour compression refrigeration technology ratio, freezes at high cost, and the demand to recirculated water is equally very big.Freeze into
This height, environmental issue protrusion are the worldwide industry problems of the prior art not broken through.
Summary of the invention
The utility model technical issues that need to address are to provide a kind of closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation equipment, and use is unique
Refrigeration and cold accumulation jar structure realizes refrigeration and cold-storage, and generates vacuum using vacuum pump, is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the utility model embodiment is specific as follows.
A kind of closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation equipment, including refrigeration and cold accumulation tank, pipeline, vacuum pump, condenser, receiving tank and turn
Liquid pump, refrigerant outlet and refrigerant inlet are provided on the refrigeration and cold accumulation tank, and the pipeline passes sequentially through vacuum pump, condensation
Device, receiving tank and turns liquid pump and be connected to refrigerant outlet with refrigerant inlet；Be provided in the refrigeration and cold accumulation tank heat exchanger tube into
And refrigeration and cold accumulation tank is divided into tube side and shell side, and it is provided with refrigerating medium in the tube side, refrigerant is provided in the shell side, institute
It states in refrigerant immersed with the cold-storage agent storage device that heat exchange can occur, is provided with cold-storage in the cold-storage agent storage device
Agent.
Further, the cold-storage agent storage device is bag-shaped or spherical.
Further, the first valve, the vacuum pump and condenser are provided between the refrigerant outlet and vacuum pump
Between be provided with the second valve.
Further, first branch pipeline, the first branch pipeline are provided between the vacuum pump and the first valve
It is connected to condenser, second branch pipeline is provided between the vacuum pump and the second valve, the second branch pipeline connection is outer
Portion's pipeline is respectively arranged with third valve and the 4th valve on the first branch pipeline and second branch pipeline.
Further, the input end of the receiving tank is provided with exhaust outlet, and the exhaust outlet is connected by third bypass line
External pipe is connect, is provided with counterbalance valve in the third bypass line.
Further, check-valves is provided on the external pipe.
Further, first valve, the second valve, third valve and the 4th valve are reversal valve.
Compared with prior art, it is the advantages of the utility model embodiment:
(1) powerful compressor has been abandoned, vacuum is generated using the vacuum pump of power very little, is made in refrigeration and cold accumulation tank
Refrigerant evaporation continuation heat absorption, to achieve the purpose that refrigeration.On the other hand, caused by the equipment attritions such as powerful compressor
Maintenance workload is big.Therefore, power cost and maintenance cost can be reduced using vacuum pump, the reliability of equipment is improved.
(2) it is provided with heat exchanger tube in refrigeration and cold accumulation tank, cold-storage agent storage device is provided in heat exchanger tube, using this uniqueness
Refrigeration and cold accumulation jar structure cooperation refrigerating medium, refrigerant and cold-storage material could complete refrigeration and process of cool.
(3) in process of refrigerastion, refrigerant vapour is contracted by vacuum pump minute-pressure, and be cooled water condensation in condenser, using
Turn liquid pump to return in refrigeration and cold accumulation tank.When being cooled again by micro- compressed refrigerant vapour, condensed water can be greatly reduced
Dosage.
(4) environmentally harmful refrigerant freon has been eliminated, has been made using the organic solvent or water relatively friendly to environment
It is more environmentally-friendly for refrigerant.
(5) first branch pipeline and second branch pipeline are set for the incoagulable gas in removal system, incoagulability gas
It will affect refrigeration effect when body superpressure, it is therefore desirable to the incoagulable gas in removal system.Incoagulable gas is discharged to external pipe
Middle carry out subsequent processing is not directly to empty or light, more environmentally-friendly.
(6) the utility model can carry out refrigeration and cold accumulation in electric-net valley-electricity (low price) period, at power grid peak electric (high price)
Duan Jinhang is used, and is conducive to the operation of national grid, reduces power grid waste.
Detailed description of the invention
Utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation equipment in the utility model embodiment.
Specific embodiment
The technical solution of the utility model is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with attached drawing, it is clear that described
Embodiment is the utility model a part of the embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, originally
Field those of ordinary skill every other embodiment obtained without making creative work belongs to practical
Novel protected range.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, " connection " should be done
It broadly understood, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected；It can be directly connected,
The connection inside two elements can also be can be indirectly connected through an intermediary.For those of ordinary skill in the art
For, the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention can be understood with concrete condition.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation equipment, including refrigeration and cold accumulation tank 100, pipeline 200, vacuum pump
400, condenser 500, receiving tank 600 and turn liquid pump 700, be provided with refrigerant outlet and refrigeration on the refrigeration and cold accumulation tank 100
Agent import, the pipeline 200 pass sequentially through vacuum pump 400, condenser 500, receiving tank 600 and turn liquid pump 700 and go out refrigerant
Mouth is connected to refrigerant inlet；It is provided with heat exchanger tube in the refrigeration and cold accumulation tank 100 and then divides refrigeration and cold accumulation tank 100 for tube side
And shell side, refrigerating medium is provided in the tube side, is provided with refrigerant in the shell side, immersed with can send out in the refrigerant
The cold-storage agent storage device of heat exchange, is provided with cold-storage material in the cold-storage agent storage device.A kind of closed vacuum refrigeration storage
Cool equipment has abandoned powerful compressor, generates vacuum using the vacuum pump 400 of power very little, makes in refrigeration and cold accumulation tank 100
Refrigerant evaporation continuation heat absorption, to achieve the purpose that refrigeration.On the other hand, the equipment attritions such as powerful compressor cause
Maintenance workload it is big.Therefore, power cost and maintenance cost can be reduced using vacuum pump 400, the reliability of equipment obtains
It improves.It is provided with heat exchanger tube in refrigeration and cold accumulation tank 100, cold-storage agent storage device is provided in heat exchanger tube, using this unique
100 structure of refrigeration and cold accumulation tank cooperation refrigerating medium, refrigerant and cold-storage material could complete refrigeration and process of cool.In process of refrigerastion,
Refrigerant vapour is contracted by 400 minute-pressure of vacuum pump, and be cooled water condensation in condenser 500, returns to refrigeration using liquid pump 700 is turned
In cold-storage tank 100.When being cooled again by micro- compressed refrigerant vapour, the dosage of condensed water can be greatly reduced.
It should be noted that closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation equipment has eliminated environmentally harmful refrigerant freon, use
To environment relatively friendly organic solvent or water as refrigerant, the organic solvent can be ethyl alcohol, methylene chloride etc..
Further, the cold-storage agent storage device is bag-shaped or spherical.
Further, the first valve 310, the vacuum pump 400 are provided between the refrigerant outlet and vacuum pump 400
The second valve 320 is provided between condenser 500.
Further, it is provided with first branch pipeline between the vacuum pump 400 and the first valve 310, described first
Road pipeline is connected to condenser 500, is provided with second branch pipeline between the vacuum pump 400 and the second valve 320, and described second
Bypass line is connected to external pipe, is respectively arranged with 330 He of third valve on the first branch pipeline and second branch pipeline
4th valve 340.First branch pipeline and second branch pipeline can be used to the incoagulable gas in removal system, incoagulability gas
It will affect refrigeration effect when body superpressure, it is therefore desirable to the incoagulable gas in removal system.Incoagulable gas includes air and system
Pernicious gas etc. in cryogen.Incoagulable gas, which is discharged in external pipe, carries out subsequent processing, is not directly to empty or light,
It is more environmentally-friendly in this way.
Further, the input end of the receiving tank 600 is provided with exhaust outlet, and the exhaust outlet passes through third bypass line
External pipe is connected, is provided with counterbalance valve 350 in the third bypass line.Pass through the minute-pressure contracting of vacuum pump 400 and counterbalance valve
350 micro-positive pressure locks gas, and micro-positive pressure makes counterbalance valve normally closed and then reaches lock gas effect, improves the cold of refrigerant vapour in this way
Solidifying temperature realizes room temperature condensation, has saved the energy.
Further, incoagulable gas is flow backwards in order to prevent, is provided with check-valves 360 on the external pipe.
Further, first valve 310, the second valve 320, third valve 330 and the 4th valve 340 are commutation
Valve.
The principle of closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation equipment in order to better understand, below to closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation equipment
Course of work further progress illustrates:
Cold-storage is carried out in electric-net valley-electricity (low price) period, opens closed vacuum unit (not shown), refrigeration and cold accumulation tank 100
Interior refrigerant starts evaporation and draws self heat, and reduces the temperature of refrigerant itself, while also absorbing the heat of cold-storage material
(sensible heat), cold-storage material also start to cool down；When temperature drops to cold-storage material freezing point or less, phase transformation takes place in cold-storage material, from liquid
State becomes solid-state and releases heat (latent heat), and temperature is kept approximately constant in refrigeration and cold accumulation tank 100 at this time；When cold-storage material freezes completely
Afterwards, refrigerant will continue to cool down, and cold-storage terminates.Process of refrigerastion and process of cool carry out simultaneously.In process of refrigerastion, refrigerant vapour
Minute-pressure contracting is formed by vacuum pump 400, be cooled water condensation in condenser 500, returns to refrigeration and cold accumulation tank using liquid pump 700 is turned
In 100.When power grid peak electric (high price) period, refrigerating medium circulating pump (not shown) is opened, the high refrigerating medium of temperature is in coil pipe
(not shown) recycles in heat exchanger, so that refrigerant temperature increases, cold-storage material starts heat absorption and undergoes phase transition dissolution, becomes from solid-state
At liquid absorbent heat, temperature is also kept approximately constant in this process refrigeration and cold accumulation tank 100, when cold-storage material solid-state is melted completely
Afterwards, temperature rises in refrigeration and cold accumulation tank 100, end is let cool, into next circulation.
In refrigeration and process of cool, the first valve 310 and the second valve 320 are in the open state, 330 He of third valve
4th valve 340 is in close state, and refrigerant vapour exports cold through vacuum pump 400, condenser 500 from refrigeration and cold accumulation tank 100
It coagulates for liquid, returns in refrigeration and cold accumulation tank 100, realize the circulation of refrigerant.When letting cool, the valve in Fig. 1 can all be located
In closed state, refrigerating state also may be at when cooling capacity is inadequate, valve opening mode is same as above.First valve 310 and second
Valve 320 is in close state, and third valve 330 and the 4th valve 340 are in the open state, can be with not coagulating in removal system
Property gas.
On the other hand, the utility model also provides a kind of closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation method, comprising the following steps:
S1, process of cool: the liquid refrigerant in refrigeration and cold accumulation tank 100 evaporates to form refrigerant vapour；Liquid system simultaneously
The heat of cold-storage material is drawn in cryogen evaporation, so that solidifying after cold-storage material cooling；
S2, process of refrigerastion: refrigerant vapour is condensed in condenser 500 after 400 minute-pressure of vacuum pump contracting, using turning
Liquid pump 700 returns in refrigeration and cold accumulation tank 100；
S3, discharging cold course: the higher refrigerating medium of temperature makes refrigerant and cold-storage material heating heat absorption, in refrigeration and cold accumulation tank
Cold point of use is formed on 100；After cold-storage material liquefies completely, end is let cool.
Wherein, it is provided with heat exchanger tube in the refrigeration and cold accumulation tank 100 and then divides refrigeration and cold accumulation tank 100 for tube side and shell
Journey is provided with refrigerating medium in the tube side, is provided with refrigerant in the shell side, immersed with heat can occur in the refrigerant
The cold-storage agent storage device of exchange is provided with cold-storage material in the cold-storage agent storage device.
A kind of closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation method has abandoned powerful compressor, using the vacuum pump 400 of power very little
Vacuum is generated, so that the refrigerant evaporation continuation in refrigeration and cold accumulation tank 100 is absorbed heat, to achieve the purpose that refrigeration.On the other hand, greatly
Maintenance workload caused by the equipment attritions such as the compressor of power is big.Therefore, using vacuum pump 400 can reduce power cost and
The reliability of maintenance cost, equipment is improved.It is provided with heat exchanger tube in refrigeration and cold accumulation tank 100, is provided with cold-storage in heat exchanger tube
Agent storage device could be completed to make using this unique 100 structure of refrigeration and cold accumulation tank cooperation refrigerating medium, refrigerant and cold-storage material
Cold and process of cool.In process of refrigerastion, refrigerant vapour is contracted by 400 minute-pressure of vacuum pump, and be cooled water cooling in condenser 500
It is solidifying, it is returned in refrigeration and cold accumulation tank 100 using liquid pump 700 is turned.It, can be big when being cooled again by micro- compressed refrigerant vapour
The big dosage for reducing condensed water.
It should be noted that closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation method has eliminated environmentally harmful refrigerant freon, use
To environment relatively friendly organic solvent or water as refrigerant, the organic solvent can be ethyl alcohol, methylene chloride etc..
Further, using closed vacuum unit liquid refrigerant is evaporated in the process of cool.
Further, the heat exchanger tube is connected to external circulating device, the external circulating device include refrigerating medium circulating pump and
Coil heat exchanger, the refrigerating medium circulating pump enable to refrigerating medium in coil heat exchanger internal circulation heat-exchanging.
The basic principles and main features and advantage of the utility model have been shown and described above.The technical staff of the industry
It should be appreciated that the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of utility model, on the premise of not departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, the utility model also has various change
And improvement, these changes and improvements are both fallen in the range of the requires of the utility model protection.The utility model requires protection scope
It is defined by the appending claims and its equivalent thereof.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation equipment, it is characterised in that: including refrigeration and cold accumulation tank (100), pipeline (200), vacuum
It pumps (400), condenser (500), receiving tank (600) and turns liquid pump (700), be provided with refrigeration on the refrigeration and cold accumulation tank (100)
Agent outlet and refrigerant inlet, the pipeline (200) pass sequentially through vacuum pump (400), condenser (500), receiving tank (600) and
Turn liquid pump (700) to be connected to refrigerant outlet with refrigerant inlet；Heat exchanger tube is provided in turn in the refrigeration and cold accumulation tank (100)
Refrigeration and cold accumulation tank (100) is divided into tube side and shell side, refrigerating medium is provided in the tube side, refrigeration is provided in the shell side
Agent, the refrigerant are interior immersed with the cold-storage agent storage device that heat exchange can occur, the interior setting of the cold-storage agent storage device
There is cold-storage material.
2. closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cold-storage agent storage device is
It is bag-shaped or spherical.
3. closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the refrigerant outlet and vacuum
It is provided with the first valve (310) between pump (400), is provided with the second valve between the vacuum pump (400) and condenser (500)
(320)。
4. closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation equipment according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the vacuum pump (400) and
First branch pipeline is provided between one valve (310), the first branch pipeline is connected to condenser (500), the vacuum pump
(400) second branch pipeline is provided between the second valve (320), the second branch pipeline is connected to external pipe, described
Third valve (330) and the 4th valve (340) are respectively arranged on first branch pipeline and second branch pipeline.
5. closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the receiving tank (600) into
Mouth end is provided with exhaust outlet, and the exhaust outlet connects external pipe by third bypass line, sets in the third bypass line
It is equipped with counterbalance valve (350).
6. closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation equipment according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: be provided on the external pipe
Check-valves (360).
7. closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation equipment according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: first valve (310),
Two valves (320), third valve (330) and the 4th valve (340) are reversal valve.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821527751.9U CN208901703U (en) | 2018-09-18 | 2018-09-18 | A kind of closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821527751.9U CN208901703U (en) | 2018-09-18 | 2018-09-18 | A kind of closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation equipment |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN208901703U true CN208901703U (en) | 2019-05-24 |
Family
ID=66572839
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821527751.9U Withdrawn - After Issue CN208901703U (en) | 2018-09-18 | 2018-09-18 | A kind of closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN208901703U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108955014A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2018-12-07 | 迪茗（上海）智能科技有限公司 | A kind of closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation device and method |
-
2018
- 2018-09-18 CN CN201821527751.9U patent/CN208901703U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108955014A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2018-12-07 | 迪茗（上海）智能科技有限公司 | A kind of closed vacuum refrigeration and cold accumulation device and method |
| CN108955014B (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2023-12-01 | 江苏允微流体科技有限公司 | Closed vacuum refrigeration cold accumulation equipment and method |
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| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
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Granted publication date: 20190524 Effective date of abandoning: 20231201 |