CN208897081U

CN208897081U - Gauge changing vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN208897081U
Application number: CN201821282273.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张小玲; 闫宁; 韩菁
Original assignee: CRRC Dalian R&D Co Ltd
Current assignee: CRRC Dalian R&D Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-08-09
Filing date: 2018-08-09
Publication date: 2019-05-24
Anticipated expiration: 2028-08-09

Abstract

The utility model embodiment provides a kind of gauge changing vehicle.The gauge changing vehicle includes: changeable identity and two track-space-variable wheels, and two track-space-variable wheels are connect with the axle in changeable identity, and the both ends of axle are arranged in；Track-space-variable wheel includes hub motor and wheel, and hub motor is mounted on the inside of wheel；Hub motor, for driving wheel to rotate around axle；Changeable identity, for adjusting relative distance of two track-space-variable wheels on axle.Gauge changing vehicle provided by the embodiment of the utility model, expands gauge variation range, realizes the diversity of gauge variation, improves vehicle for the adaptability of a variety of gauges.

Description

Gauge changing vehicle

Technical field

The utility model embodiment is related to rail vehicle technical field more particularly to a kind of gauge changing vehicle.

Background technique

With the rapid development of global economic integration, the whole nation and the commerce and trade contact of various regions section and cultural exchanges are increasingly Frequently, transnational passenger and freight transportation rapid development.In numerous means of transportation, railway transportation is big with its freight volume, safely, quickly And the advantage that environmental pollution is small, become means of transport preferred in international combined transport.But the railway transportation of countries in the world is protected always Hold the status of a variety of gauges.The route of these different gauges seriously hinders transnational railway transportation and the movable hair of economy and trade Exhibition.Therefore, the mode of through transport of the gauge changing vehicle between different gauges most commonly used at present is used.

Existing gauge changing vehicle generallys use permanent magnet direct-drive or asynchronous cardan shaft driving wheel pair.Since motor is installed on wheel It is limited that gauge-changeable bogie gauge variation range will lead to since limit influences to side.

In conclusion it is existing using permanent magnet direct-drive or the gauge changing vehicle of asynchronous cardan shaft driving wheel pair, it will lead to change rail It is limited away from bogie gauge variation range, and then will affect the universal performance of gauge changing vehicle.

Utility model content

The utility model embodiment provides a kind of gauge changing vehicle, to solve existing gauge changing vehicle gauge variation range Limited problem.

The utility model embodiment provides a kind of gauge changing vehicle, comprising: changeable identity and two variable rail gauges Wheel, two track-space-variable wheels are connect with the axle in changeable identity, and the both ends of axle are arranged in；

Track-space-variable wheel includes hub motor and wheel, and hub motor is mounted on the inside of wheel；

Hub motor, for driving wheel to rotate around axle；

Changeable identity, for adjusting relative distance of two track-space-variable wheels on axle.

In one possible implementation, hub motor includes wheel shaft, and wheel shaft is coaxially set on axle.

In one possible implementation, hub motor further includes motor stator and rotor, and motor stator is arranged On wheel shaft, rotor is set on motor stator.

In one possible implementation, air gap is filled between motor stator and rotor.

In one possible implementation, changeable identity includes: guide frame and retaining mechanism；

Guide frame is moved axially for controlling track-space-variable wheel along axle；

Retaining mechanism is used to track-space-variable wheel being locked in designated position.

In one possible implementation, retaining mechanism includes:

The fixes sleeve being sleeved on axle；

The alleviation sleeve being sleeved in fixes sleeve；

The reset element alleviated between sleeve and fixes sleeve is set；

Fixes sleeve is provided with radial through-hole, which is provided with limit ball；

Alleviate and be provided with upper groove on sleeve lining face, it is axial that at least two are provided in the outside wall surface of track-space-variable wheel wheel hub The different lower groove in position.

In one possible implementation, the gentle solution sleeve of fixes sleeve is equipped with set close to one end of track-space-variable wheel Chuck on track-space-variable wheel wheel hub.

In one possible implementation, the inner wall for alleviating sleeve has cascaded surface, and the outside wall surface of fixes sleeve is provided with Annular convex platform, reset element, which is arranged in, to be alleviated between the cascaded surface of sleeve and the annular convex platform of fixes sleeve.

In one possible implementation, reset element is reset spring.

In one possible implementation, upper groove and lower groove are the spherical groove of annular.

Gauge changing vehicle provided by the embodiment of the utility model, including changeable identity and two variable rail gauge vehicles Wheel, two track-space-variable wheels are connect with the axle in changeable identity, and the both ends of axle are arranged in；Variable rail gauge vehicle Wheel includes hub motor and wheel, and hub motor is mounted on the inside of wheel；Hub motor, for driving wheel to turn around axle It is dynamic；Changeable identity, for adjusting relative distance of two track-space-variable wheels on axle.It is by using with wheel Electric energy is directly converted to mechanical energy through magnetic field transformation, reduces transmission device, alleviate vehicle weight by the hub motor of one Amount, increases the steering space of bogie, expands gauge variation range, realizes the diversity of gauge variation, improves vehicle For a variety of gauges adaptability.

The above description is merely an outline of the technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand the skill of the utility model Art means, and can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification, below on the preferred embodiment of the present invention and the accompanying drawings in detail It describes in detail bright as after.

Detailed description of the invention

The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and forms part of this specification, and shows and meets the utility model Embodiment, and be used to explain the principles of the present invention together with specification.

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of gauge changing vehicle provided by the utility model；

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the section structure of one embodiment of hub motor provided by the utility model；

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the section structure of one embodiment of retaining mechanism provided by the utility model.

Description of symbols:

1: changeable identity；

2: track-space-variable wheel；

21: hub motor；

22: wheel；

211: wheel shaft；

212: motor stator；

213: air gap；

214: rotor；

215: wheel rim；

11: axle；

12: fixes sleeve；

13: alleviating sleeve；

14: limit ball；

15: chuck；

16: reset element；

17: spline.

Through the above attached drawings, it has been shown that the specific embodiment of the utility model will be hereinafter described in more detail.These Attached drawing and verbal description are not intended to limit the range of the utility model design in any manner, but by reference to specific Embodiment is the concept that those skilled in the art illustrate the utility model.

Specific embodiment

Example embodiments are described in detail here, and the example is illustrated in the accompanying drawings.Following description is related to When attached drawing, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings indicate the same or similar elements.Following exemplary embodiment Described in embodiment do not represent all embodiments consistent with the utility model.On the contrary, they be only with such as The example of the consistent device and method of some aspects be described in detail in the appended claims, the utility model.

Term " includes " and " having " and their any deformations in the specification and claims of the utility model, It is intended to cover and non-exclusive includes.Such as it contains the process, method of a series of steps or units, system, product or sets It is standby to be not limited to listed step or unit, but optionally further comprising the step of not listing or unit, or optionally It further include the other step or units intrinsic for these process, methods, product or equipment.

" first " and " second " in the utility model only plays mark action, is not understood to indicate or imply sequence and closes System, relative importance or the quantity for implicitly indicating indicated technical characteristic." multiple " refer to two or more." and/ Or ", the incidence relation of affiliated partner is described, indicates may exist three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, can indicate: individually depositing In A, A and B, these three situations of individualism B are existed simultaneously.It is a kind of "or" that character "/", which typicallys represent forward-backward correlation object, Relationship.

" one embodiment " for mentioning in the whole text in the specification of the utility model or " embodiment " means and embodiment Related a particular feature, structure, or characteristic includes at least one embodiment of the application.Therefore, the whole instruction everywhere " in one embodiment " or " in one embodiment " occurred not necessarily refers to identical embodiment.It should be noted that In the case where not conflicting, the feature in the embodiments of the present invention and embodiment be can be combined with each other.

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of gauge changing vehicle provided by the utility model.As shown in Figure 1, this implementation The gauge changing vehicle that example provides, may include: changeable identity 1 and two track-space-variable wheels 2.

Wherein, two track-space-variable wheels 2 are connect with the axle in changeable identity 1, and are arranged in the two of axle End.

Track-space-variable wheel 2 includes hub motor 21 and wheel 22, and hub motor 21 is mounted on the inside of wheel 22.

Hub motor 21, for driving wheel to rotate around axle.

Changeable identity 1, for adjusting relative distance of two track-space-variable wheels 2 on axle.

It is understood that gauge changing vehicle can also include compartment.The present embodiment for the size in compartment, quantity and Material etc. is with no restrictions.

Optionally, changeable identity 1 can be used cooperatively with ground gauge changing rail set, to track-space-variable wheel Between relative distance be adjusted so that the gauge of relative distance and track between two track-space-variable wheels 2 matches, To meet the operation demand under different gauges, promote the intercommunication between various countries.

Optionally, changeable identity 1 can be realized using hydraulic mapped structure.

Optionally, changeable identity 1 can position by locating part to two track-space-variable wheels 2 on axle It is defined.

Hub motor is also known as wheel inner electric machine, and power device, transmission device and brake apparatus are all combined, Simplify mechanical structure.Hub motor structure is simple, improves space utilization rate and transmission efficiency.

Optionally, the driving motor of the hub motor 21 in the present embodiment can be using radial magnetic field or axial magnetic field Motor.The structure of axial-flux electric machine is more conducive to heat and distributes, and its stator can not need iron core；Radial flux motors Stress is more balanced between rotor.It can be chosen according to actual needs, there is no special restriction on this for the present embodiment.

Optionally, the motor type of hub motor 21 may include: permanent magnetism, induction and switched reluctance.Wherein, it is brushless forever Magnetic-synchro motor can use cylindrical radial magnetic field structure or disc type axial magnetic field structure, power density and effect with higher Rate and wide speed adjustable range；Induction machine structure is simple, sturdy and durable, low in cost, reliable for operation, and torque pulsation is small, Noise is low, does not need position sensor, and rev limit is high；Switched reluctance electric machine structure is simple, and manufacturing cost is cheap.

Optionally, hub motor 21 may include that wheel shaft, hub motor ontology and magnetic coder, magnetic coder may include Magnetic pole and magnetic coding chip, magnetic pole can be fixedly connected with hub motor ontology, and magnetic coding chip can be fixedly connected with wheel shaft, Hub motor ontology is rotated around wheel shaft.

When the rotation of hub motor ontology, magnetic pole is rotated synchronously, and the variation of magnetic pole is converted to coding letter by magnetic coding chip Number, encoded signal is exported.In actual implementation, the magnetic pole in magnetic coder can be with the fixed company of the side wall of hub motor ontology It connects；Magnetic coding chip in magnetic coder can be fixedly connected with wheel the tip of the axis.

In one possible implementation, magnetic coding chip can be realized using model AM4096 magnetic coder； AM4096 magnetic coder can incude the rotation of the pole S/N magnet, provide absolute location information of the precision better than 0.1 degree and export； AM4096 magnetic coder can provide with 16 magnetic poles (8 pole pairs) UVW (UVW be motor three-phase identify) output, Increment type, absolute type, linear, tacho and sinusoidal output；For its resolution ratio up to 12, i.e. 4096 steps/turn have programmable zero Position.AM4096 magnetic coder can be 3.3V (or 5V) low-power device, have suspend mode when battery works.AM4096 magnetic is compiled The highest operating rate of code device is suitable for -40 DEG C to+125 DEG C of temperature up to 60000 revs/min.

When magnetic pole one circle of rotation, magnetic coding chip (being equivalent to above-mentioned magnetic rotational position sensor) can export 4096 A encoded signal or 4000 encoded signals；For exporting 4096 encoded signals, when magnetic coding module directly with driving When wheel connection, the motion control accuracy to driving wheel is about 0.088 degree；Relative to Hall sensor, magnetic coding chip can be big The big control precision for improving hub motor.It is appreciated that the magnetic coding chip of different model, can export the coding of different number Signal, the present embodiment are not construed as limiting this.

Optionally, hub motor 21 may include wheel shaft, and wheel shaft is coaxially set on axle.

Optionally, hub motor 21 can also include motor stator and rotor, and motor stator is set on wheel shaft, electricity Machine rotor is set on motor stator.

Optionally, air gap is filled between motor stator and rotor.

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the section structure of one embodiment of hub motor provided by the utility model.As shown in Fig. 2, this reality The hub motor for applying example offer may include: wheel shaft 211, motor stator 212, air gap 213 and electronics rotor 214.

Wherein, wheel shaft 211 is coaxially set on axle, and motor stator 212 is set on wheel shaft 211, and 214 sets of rotor It is located on motor stator 212, air gap 213 is filled between motor stator 212 and rotor 214.Wheel rim 215 is located at outermost Portion.

Optionally, rotor 214 can be connect with a rotor spider, and it is cyclic annular that at least one can be equipped on rotor spider Protrusion, wheel hub are equipped with annular recess corresponding with annular projection, and annular projection formation labyrinth mutually nested with annular recess is close Seal structure, hub motor stator are equipped with a dead axle, and dead axle passes through rotor spider and connect with wheel hub.By the way that labyrinth seal structure is arranged Auxiliary connection motor and wheel hub, ensure that the working environment relative clean of motor, it is possible to prevente effectively from graininess dust and water Various electrical faults caused by erosion.

Optionally, motor stator 212 may include stator core, stator winding and base, and motor stator 212 is mainly used for Generate rotating excitation field.Wherein, stator winding is distributed the relationship to form practical number of magnetic poles according to the number of magnetic poles and winding of motor, can To be divided into salient pole formula and multitudinous pole formula two types.Wherein, in salient pole formula winding, each (group) coil forms a magnetic pole, winding Coil (group) number it is equal with number of magnetic poles.In salient pole formula winding, in order to which the polarity N and S of magnetic pole to be made are spaced apart from each other, adjacent two The inner current direction of a coil (group) must on the contrary, i.e. two neighboring coil (group) connection type must tail end connect tail end, it is first Terminate head end, namely reversal connection series system.In multitudinous pole formula winding, each (group) coil forms two magnetic poles, the coil of winding (group) number is the half of number of magnetic poles, because another half magnetic pole is collectively formed by the magnetic line of force that coil (group) generates magnetic pole.In multitudinous pole In formula winding, the polarity that each coil (group) is formed by magnetic pole is identical, thus the inner current direction of all coils (group) is all Identical, i.e., the connection type of two neighboring coil (group) should be tail end adaper end, i.e. drop-over series system.

Optionally, rotor 214 is used in rotating excitation field by magnetic force line cutting and then generates and export electric current.

Optionally, the width of air gap 213 is adjustable.For example, the adjustable extent of air gap can be set to 3~6mm.

Hub motor provided in this embodiment, including wheel shaft, motor stator, air gap and electronics rotor, structure is simple, can be with Transmission device is reduced, vehicle fitting is mitigated, electric energy is directly converted to mechanical energy through magnetic field transformation, improves efficiency.It include this Electric energy is directly converted to mechanical energy through magnetic field transformation, reduces transmission by the gauge changing vehicle for the hub motor that embodiment provides Device alleviates vehicle weight, increases the steering space of bogie, expands gauge variation range, realizes gauge variation Diversity, improve vehicle for the adaptability of a variety of gauges.

Optionally, changeable identity 1 may include: guide frame and retaining mechanism.

Wherein, guide frame can be used for controlling track-space-variable wheel and move axially along axle, and retaining mechanism can be used for Track-space-variable wheel is locked in designated position.

Optionally, guide frame may include being provided with the keyway being axially arranged on axle, the rail-variable being axially movable It is connected away from clearance fit between wheel and axle and by spline, spline can be set in keyway.

Optionally, a plurality of keyway can be set.For example, six keyways can be uniformly arranged.

Optionally, dust protection rubber cover can be set in track-space-variable wheel outer end, wheel outer end can be played dust-proof Protective effect.

Optionally, which is arranged between hub for vehicle wheel and axle with the different positions by wheel lock on axle It the distance between sets and adjusts two wheels, axle is equipped with the guide frame of guiding wheel axial movement, and guide frame is by vehicle Wheel is adjusted to designated position, by retaining mechanism by wheel lock in the designated position.It can be according to different gauges, locomotive It takes turns to the position needed, and in the position by retaining mechanism locking, gauge changing can be realized, while ensure that wheel is enough to having Flexibility, reliability and accuracy.

Optionally, retaining mechanism may include:

The fixes sleeve being sleeved on axle；

The alleviation sleeve being sleeved in fixes sleeve；

The reset element alleviated between sleeve and fixes sleeve is set；

Optionally, the gentle solution sleeve of fixes sleeve is equipped with close to one end of track-space-variable wheel is sleeved on track-space-variable wheel Chuck on wheel hub.

Optionally, the inner wall for alleviating sleeve has cascaded surface, and the outside wall surface of fixes sleeve is provided with annular convex platform, reset element It is arranged in and alleviates between the cascaded surface of sleeve and the annular convex platform of fixes sleeve.

Optionally, reset element can be reset spring.

Optionally, the spherical groove that upper groove and lower groove all can be annular.

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the section structure of one embodiment of retaining mechanism provided by the utility model.As shown in figure 3, this reality The retaining mechanism for applying example offer may include: axle 11, fixes sleeve 12, alleviate sleeve 13, limit ball 14, chuck 15, answer Bit unit 16 and spline 17.

Wherein, fixes sleeve 12 is sleeved on axle 11, is alleviated sleeve 13 and is sleeved in fixes sleeve 12, and sleeve is being alleviated Reset element 16 is provided between 13 and fixes sleeve 12, fixes sleeve 12 is provided with radial through-hole, and the radial through-hole is built-in limited Position ball 14 is alleviated and is provided with upper groove on 13 inner wall of sleeve, is provided at least two in the outside wall surface of track-space-variable wheel wheel hub The different lower groove of axial position.The gentle solution sleeve 12 of fixes sleeve 13 is equipped with that be sleeved on can close to one end of track-space-variable wheel Chuck 15 on gauge changing hub for vehicle wheel clearance fit and is connected by spline 17 between track-space-variable wheel 2 and axle 11.It is slow It is provided with upper groove on solution 13 inner wall of sleeve, at least two axial positions difference is provided in the outside wall surface of track-space-variable wheel wheel hub Lower groove.

Optionally, the gentle solution sleeve 13 of fixes sleeve 12 is equipped with close to one end of track-space-variable wheel 2 is sleeved on rail-variable Away from the chuck 15 on hub for vehicle wheel.

Optionally, the inner wall for alleviating sleeve 13 has cascaded surface, and the outside wall surface of fixes sleeve 12 is provided with annular convex platform, resets Element 16, which is arranged in, to be alleviated between the cascaded surface of sleeve 13 and 12 annular convex platform of fixes sleeve.

Optionally, reset element 16 can be reset spring.

The reply final position of sleeve 13 is alleviated in the setting of chuck 15 in the present embodiment, and to fixes sleeve 12 and rail-variable It plays a protective role away from wheel mating surface, instead of the snap ring of simple function.

In the present embodiment, track-space-variable wheel 2 is connect with axle 11 by spline, and after unlock, track-space-variable wheel 2 can be The axially directed lower movement of spline 17, achievees the purpose that change gauge, and structure is more reasonable, compact.Limit spherical groove is set It sets on the rim for automobile wheel of inside, the detent as gauges different during gauge changing.

When track-space-variable wheel is axially moveable, the upper groove and the cooperation of at least two lower grooves for alleviating sleeve 13 make to limit The top of position ball 14 is located in upper groove, the lower part of limit ball 14 is located in different lower grooves and by wheel lock extremely Few two different positions.As a result, limit ball 14 be mounted in cylindrical hole by clearance fit, and with the ball on hub for vehicle wheel Groove cooperation in face is played the role of locking wheel.From alleviating the lower groove on 13 inner wall of sleeve when wheel retaining mechanism unlocks To the effect of release limit ball 14.

Retaining mechanism realizes auto-reset function by reset element 16, and reset element 16 provides retaining mechanism and locks again Alleviate the restoring force of sleeve 13 afterwards.

Retaining mechanism provided in this embodiment includes axle, fixes sleeve, alleviates sleeve, limit ball, chuck, resets member Part and spline, it is compact-sized reasonable, by limiting the cooperation of ball and upper and lower groove, realize the effect of locking wheel.

All the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, same and similar portion between each embodiment Dividing may refer to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.Especially for equipment or For system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, so describing fairly simple, related place is referring to method The part of embodiment illustrates.

Finally, it should be noted that the above various embodiments is only to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than it is limited System；Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should Understand: it is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of Technical characteristic is equivalently replaced；And these are modified or replaceed, it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution, and this is practical new The range of each embodiment technical solution of type.

Claims

1. a kind of gauge changing vehicle characterized by comprising changeable identity and two track-space-variable wheels, described two A track-space-variable wheel is connect with the axle in the changeable identity, and the both ends of the axle are arranged in；

The track-space-variable wheel includes hub motor and wheel, and the hub motor is mounted on the inside of the wheel；

The hub motor, for driving the wheel to rotate around the axle；

The changeable identity, for adjusting relative distance of described two track-space-variable wheels on the axle.

2. gauge changing vehicle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the hub motor includes wheel shaft, the wheel shaft It is coaxially set on the axle.

3. gauge changing vehicle according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the hub motor further includes motor stator and electricity Machine rotor, the motor stator are set on the wheel shaft, and the rotor is set on the motor stator.

4. gauge changing vehicle according to claim 3, which is characterized in that between the motor stator and the rotor Filled with air gap.

5. gauge changing vehicle according to claim 1-4, which is characterized in that the changeable identity packet It includes: guide frame and retaining mechanism；

The guide frame is moved axially for controlling the track-space-variable wheel along the axle；

The retaining mechanism is used to the track-space-variable wheel being locked in designated position.

6. gauge changing vehicle according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the retaining mechanism includes:

The fixes sleeve being sleeved on the axle；

The alleviation sleeve being sleeved in the fixes sleeve；

Reset element between the alleviation sleeve and the fixes sleeve is set；

The fixes sleeve is provided with radial through-hole, which is provided with limit ball；

It is provided with upper groove on the alleviation sleeve lining face, is provided at least two in the outside wall surface of the track-space-variable wheel wheel hub The different lower groove of axial position.

7. gauge changing vehicle according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the fixes sleeve and the alleviation sleeve are close One end of the track-space-variable wheel is equipped with the chuck being sleeved on the track-space-variable wheel wheel hub.

8. gauge changing vehicle according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the inner wall for alleviating sleeve has cascaded surface, The outside wall surface of the fixes sleeve is provided with annular convex platform, the reset element be arranged in the cascaded surface for alleviating sleeve with it is described Between the annular convex platform of fixes sleeve.

9. gauge changing vehicle according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the reset element is reset spring.

10. gauge changing vehicle according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the upper groove and the lower groove are ring The spherical groove of shape.