CN208888184U - A kind of monitoring device of bridge cement concrete constructions - Google Patents
A kind of monitoring device of bridge cement concrete constructions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN208888184U CN208888184U CN201821321935.XU CN201821321935U CN208888184U CN 208888184 U CN208888184 U CN 208888184U CN 201821321935 U CN201821321935 U CN 201821321935U CN 208888184 U CN208888184 U CN 208888184U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- monitoring
- plate
- motor
- bottom plate
- block
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Landscapes
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a kind of monitoring devices of bridge cement concrete constructions, including bottom plate, processor, mechanism for monitoring and two installing mechanisms, mechanism for monitoring includes moving assembly, movable plate, first motor, plate and monitoring assembly, monitoring assembly includes driving unit and two monitoring unit, monitoring unit includes expansion bracket, monitor block, camera, ultrasonic transmitter, ultrasonic receiver and two connecting rods, the monitoring device of the bridge cement concrete constructions drives monitoring block to be moved above bottom plate by the mechanism for monitoring above bottom plate, flexible and rotation, to expand the motion range of monitoring block, by ultrasonic transmitter, ultrasonic receiver and camera monitor bridge on a large scale, and then reduce the quantity of device in monitoring system, mitigate bridge burden, reduce system monitoring cost, to improve The practicability of equipment.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to monitoring device field, in particular to a kind of monitoring device of bridge cement concrete constructions.
Background technique
With the rapid development of the national economy, industry of the highway bridge as emphasis investment construction in China's economic base,
The scale and speed being had only before just advance, and cement concrete construction member occupies critical positions in bridge construction, due to
Fault in bridge structure design, construction and maintenance processes, natural flaw, external environment variation in engineering are increasingly increased
The a variety of factors such as the volume of traffic and loading capacity, with the increase of use time, concrete bearing capacity is substantially reduced, disease problem by
The phenomenon that gradually exposing, therefore will appear some serious agings and damage.So must be periodically to bridge cement concrete constructions
It is monitored, by property, position, severity and the development trend of technology status and defect and damage to bridge, understands fully
The main reason for defect and damage, so as to which assay had both deposited defect and damage to bridge quality and using bearing capacity
It influences, and provides reliable technical data and foundation for bridge maintaining and Design of Reinforcement.
But the single fixation of existing bridge cement concrete structure monitoring apparatus structure, monitoring range is limited, causes to need
Multiple monitoring points are added on bridge to realize the comprehensive monitoring to bridge, but so, not only increase bridge
Burden, while the cost of monitoring system is also increased, so as to cause the reduction of existing monitoring device practicability.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: for overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, providing a kind of bridge cement
The monitoring device of concrete structure.
The technical scheme adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is as follows: a kind of prison of bridge cement concrete constructions
Device, including bottom plate, processor, mechanism for monitoring and two installing mechanisms are surveyed, the processor is fixed on the lower section of bottom plate, described
PLC and antenna are equipped in processor, the antenna is electrically connected with PLC, and two installing mechanisms are located at the both ends of bottom plate, described
Mechanism for monitoring is located at the top of bottom plate；
The mechanism for monitoring from below to up successively include moving assembly, movable plate, first motor, plate and monitoring assembly,
The moving assembly and movable plate are sequentially connected, and the first motor is fixed on the top of movable plate, the first motor and PLC
Electrical connection, the first motor and plate are sequentially connected；
The monitoring assembly includes driving unit and two monitoring unit, and two monitoring unit are located at driving unit
Two sides, the monitoring unit include expansion bracket, monitoring block, camera, ultrasonic transmitter, ultrasonic receiver and two companies
One end of bar, the driving unit and expansion bracket is sequentially connected, and the two sides of the other end of the expansion bracket pass through two companies respectively
Bar and monitoring block are hinged, and the camera is fixed on the top of monitoring block, the ultrasonic transmitter and ultrasonic receiver point
It is not fixed on the two sides of monitoring block, the camera, ultrasonic transmitter and ultrasonic receiver are electrically connected with PLC.
Preferably, for the ease of the installation of bottom plate, the installing mechanism includes mounting plate, transverse slat, plate and several inserts
Bar, the mounting plate is vertically arranged, and one end of the transverse slat is located at the lower section of bottom plate, if being equipped on the transverse slat and on bottom plate
Dry jack, the plate are located at the top of bottom plate, and the inserted link is evenly distributed on the lower section of plate, the inserted link pass through bottom plate and
Transverse slat, the mounting plate are fixed on the top of one end of the separate bottom plate of transverse slat, and the top of the mounting plate is equipped with threaded hole.
Preferably, inserted link passes through through-hole for convenience, the shape of the bottom end of the inserted link is hemispherical.
Preferably, the movement in order to realize driving plate, the moving assembly includes two mobile units, and two mobile single
Member is located at the both ends of the lower section of movable plate, and the mobile unit includes the second motor and two idler wheels, second motor
It is fixed on the lower section of movable plate, second motor is electrically connected with PLC, and two idler wheels are located at the two sides of the second motor, institute
It states the second motor and idler wheel is sequentially connected.
Preferably, in order to fix the motion track of movable plate, the lower section of second motor is equipped with sliding block, the bottom plate
Top be equipped with slideway, the sliding block is slidably connected with slideway, and the sliding is dovetail groove.
Preferably, the driving unit includes third motor, bearing, screw rod and movement in order to drive expansion bracket flexible
Block, the third motor and bearing are each attached to the top of plate, and the third motor is electrically connected with PLC, the third motor
It is sequentially connected with one end of screw rod, the other end of the screw rod is arranged in bearing, and the movable block is set on screw rod, described
The bottom end of movable block is resisted against on plate, the movable block with the junction of screw rod be equipped with the matched screw thread of screw rod, it is described
Movable block and bearing are hinged with the two sides of one end of the separate monitoring block of expansion bracket respectively.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that the monitoring device of the bridge cement concrete constructions passes through the prison above bottom plate
Surveying mechanism drives monitoring block to carry out mobile, flexible and rotation above bottom plate, so that the motion range of monitoring block is expanded, by
Ultrasonic transmitter, ultrasonic receiver and camera monitor bridge on a large scale, and then reduce in monitoring system
The quantity of device mitigates bridge burden, reduces system monitoring cost, to improve the practicability of equipment.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the monitoring device of the bridge cement concrete constructions of the utility model；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the mechanism for monitoring of the monitoring device of the bridge cement concrete constructions of the utility model；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the monitoring assembly of the monitoring device of the bridge cement concrete constructions of the utility model；
In figure: 1. bottom plates, 2. processors, 3. movable plates, 4. first motors, 5. plates, 6. expansion brackets, 7. monitoring blocks, 8.
Camera, 9. ultrasonic transmitters, 10. ultrasonic receivers, 11. movable blocks, 12. connecting rods, 13. mounting plates, 14. transverse slats, 15.
Plate, 16. inserted links, 17. second motors, 18. idler wheels, 19. sliding blocks, 20. slideways, 21. third motors, 22. bearings, 23. screw rods.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail presently in connection with attached drawing.These attached drawings are simplified schematic diagram,
Only illustrate the basic structure of the utility model in a schematic way, therefore it only shows composition related with the utility model.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of monitoring device of bridge cement concrete constructions, including bottom plate 1, processor 2, mechanism for monitoring
With two installing mechanisms, the processor 2 is fixed on the lower section of bottom plate 1, is equipped with PLC and antenna, the day in the processor 2
Line is electrically connected with PLC, and two installing mechanisms are located at the both ends of bottom plate 1, and the mechanism for monitoring is located at the top of bottom plate 1；
The monitoring device of the bridge cement concrete constructions is in use, be separately mounted to the two of bridge for two installing mechanisms
Bottom plate 1 is then fixed between two installing mechanisms by side, so that bottom plate 1 is located at the lower section for removing bridge, the lower section of bottom plate 1, place
The antenna managed in device 2 can when bridge management personnel need to be monitored the operation conditions of bridge for transmitting/receiving wireless signal
Emit wireless signal to processor 2 by remote control equipments such as mobile phones, after antenna receives wireless signal, signal passed into PLC,
PLC is run according to the mechanism for monitoring that signal content controls 1 top of bottom plate, and monitoring of structures is passed to PLC by mechanism for monitoring, and PLC will
Consequential signal passes to antenna, and antenna again sends the result after monitoring, and bridge management personnel are set by remote controls such as mobile phones
It is standby receive monitoring signals after, can socket bridge operation conditions.
As shown in Fig. 2, the mechanism for monitoring successively includes moving assembly, movable plate 3, first motor 4, plate from below to up
5 and monitoring assembly, the moving assembly and movable plate 3 are sequentially connected, and the first motor 4 is fixed on the top of movable plate 3, institute
It states first motor 4 to be electrically connected with PLC, the first motor 4 is sequentially connected with plate 5；
When mechanism for monitoring is run, PLC controls moving assembly operation, and movable plate 3 can be driven to be moved in the top of bottom plate 1
Dynamic, the first motor 4 on the also controllable movable plate 3 of PLC starts, and drives plate 5 to rotate, changes the monitoring assembly of 5 top of plate
Monitoring position, by movable plate 3 the top of bottom plate 1 is mobile and the rotation of plate 5, monitoring can be changed in mechanism for monitoring
The monitoring position of component to expand monitoring range, and then improves the practicability of equipment.
As shown in figure 3, the monitoring assembly includes driving unit and two monitoring unit, two monitoring unit are located at
The two sides of driving unit, the monitoring unit include that expansion bracket 6, monitoring block 7, camera 8, ultrasonic transmitter 9, ultrasonic wave connect
Device 10 and two connecting rods 12 are received, one end of the driving unit and expansion bracket 6 is sequentially connected, the other end of the expansion bracket 6
Two sides pass through two connecting rods 12 respectively and monitoring block 7 is hinged, and the camera 8 is fixed on the top of monitoring block 7, the ultrasonic wave
Transmitter 9 and ultrasonic receiver 10 are separately fixed at the two sides of monitoring block 7, the camera 8, ultrasonic transmitter 9 and super
Acoustic receiver 10 is electrically connected with PLC.
PLC can control the driving unit operation in monitoring assembly, drives the expansion bracket 6 in monitoring unit to stretch, makes
The length for obtaining expansion bracket 6 changes, and then adjusts monitoring the distance between block 7 and driving unit, thus change monitoring position,
The ultrasonic transmitter 9 of PLC control monitoring 7 side of block emits ultrasonic signal to the lower section of bridge, and ultrasonic signal encounters bridge
Liang Hou reflects, and passes to PLC by 10 received ultrasonic signal of ultrasonic receiver, and by the ultrasonic signal received,
PLC determines the situation of bridge cement concrete constructions according to the content of ultrasonic signal, meanwhile, PLC controls camera 8 to bridge
Lower section carry out shooting, collecting figure, the image feedback taken can determine bridge according to image information to PLC, PLC by camera 8
Whether the surface of beam has free from flaw, damage.With the movement of monitoring block 7, monitoring position changes, further expansion monitoring
Range.
As shown in Figure 1, the installing mechanism includes mounting plate 13, transverse slat 14, plate 15 and several inserted links 16, the installation
Plate 13 is vertically arranged, and one end of the transverse slat 14 is located at the lower section of bottom plate 1, is equipped on the transverse slat 14 and on bottom plate 1 several
Jack, the plate 15 are located at the top of bottom plate 1, and the inserted link 16 is evenly distributed on the lower section of plate 15, and the inserted link 16 is worn
Bottom plate 1 and transverse slat 14 are crossed, the mounting plate 13 is fixed on the top of one end of the separate bottom plate 1 of transverse slat 14, the mounting plate 13
Top be equipped with threaded hole.
For installing mechanism when being installed, mounting plate 13 is vertically arranged, and in two side perforatings of bridge, and by mounting plate 13
On threaded hole be aligned bridge hole, insertion screw be fixed so that transverse slat 14 is horizontally fixed on the lower section of bridge, then the bottom of by
Jack on the both ends of plate 1 is respectively aligned to jack on transverse slat 14, then by 16 alignment receptacles of inserted link of 15 lower section of plate, so that inserting
Bar 16 sequentially passes through bottom plate 1 and mounting plate 13, and then secures the position of bottom plate 1, realizes the installation of bottom plate 1.
Preferably, inserted link 16 passes through through-hole for convenience, the shape of the bottom end of the inserted link 16 is hemispherical.Due to inserting
The bottom end of bar 16 is hemispherical, and the size of the bottom end of inserted link 16 reduces, and facilitates inserted link 16 to pass through through-hole, completes to bottom plate 1
It is fixed.
As Figure 2-3, the moving assembly includes two mobile units, and two mobile units are located at movable plate 3
Lower section both ends, the mobile unit includes the second motor 17 and two idler wheels 18, and second motor 17 is fixed on movement
The lower section of plate 3, second motor 17 are electrically connected with PLC, and two idler wheels 18 are located at the two sides of the second motor 17, and described
Two motors 17 are sequentially connected with idler wheel 18.
PLC controls the starting of the second motor 17, and idler wheel 18 is driven to be rotated in the top of bottom plate 1, to realize the second electricity
Movement of the machine 17 on bottom plate 1, and then movable plate 3 is driven to be moved.
Preferably, in order to fix the motion track of movable plate 3, the lower section of second motor 17 is equipped with sliding block 19, institute
The top for stating bottom plate 1 is equipped with slideway 20, and the sliding block 19 is slidably connected with slideway 20, and the sliding is dovetail groove.Pass through slideway
20 secure glide direction, so that the moving direction of the second motor 17 is secured, so that the movement of movable plate 3 is more steady, due to
Slideway 20 is dovetail groove, can avoid sliding block 19 and is detached from slideway 20, ensure that the mobile security reliability of movable plate 3.
As shown in figure 3, the driving unit includes third motor 21, bearing 22, screw rod 23 and movable block 11, the third
Motor 21 and bearing 22 are each attached to the top of plate 5, and the third motor 21 is electrically connected with PLC, the third motor 21 with
One end of screw rod 23 is sequentially connected, and the other end of the screw rod 23 is arranged in bearing 22, and the movable block 11 is set in screw rod
On 23, the bottom end of the movable block 11 is resisted against on plate 5, the movable block 11 be equipped with the junction of screw rod 23 and screw rod
23 matched screw threads, the movable block 11 and bearing 22 are hinged with the two sides of one end of the separate monitoring block 7 of expansion bracket 6 respectively.
PLC controls third motor 21 and starts, and screw rod 23 is driven to be rotated under the supporting role of bearing 22, and screw rod 23 is made by screw thread
With on movable block 11, so that movable block 11 is translated along the axis of screw rod 23, so that movable block 11 and bearing 22
The distance between change, so that expansion bracket 6 be driven to stretch, while changing 6 length of expansion bracket, have adjusted monitoring block
7 monitoring position.
The monitoring device drives movable plate 3 bottom of at when being monitored to bridge cement concrete constructions, by moving assembly
The top of plate 1 is mobile, to drive monitoring block 7 mobile, plate 5 can be driven to rotate using first motor 4, change monitoring block 7
Position, meanwhile, it can also be acted on the telescopic unit of two sides by driving unit, so that expansion bracket 6 is flexible, to change monitoring
The position of block 7 and driving unit expands the motion range of monitoring block 7, by ultrasonic transmitter 9,10 and of ultrasonic receiver
Camera 8 monitors bridge on a large scale, since equipment monitoring range is big, can reduce the quantity of the monitoring device of installation,
While mitigating bridge burden, reduce the cost of monitoring system, to improve the practicability of equipment.
Compared with prior art, the mechanism for monitoring that the monitoring device of the bridge cement concrete constructions passes through 1 top of bottom plate
Monitoring block 7 is driven to carry out mobile, flexible and rotation in the top of bottom plate 1, so that the motion range of monitoring block 7 is expanded, by surpassing
Pinger 9, ultrasonic receiver 10 and camera 8 monitor bridge on a large scale, and then reduce monitoring system
The quantity of middle device mitigates bridge burden, reduces system monitoring cost, to improve the practicability of equipment.
It is enlightenment, through the above description, related work people with the above-mentioned desirable embodiment according to the utility model
Member can carry out various changes and amendments in the range of without departing from this item utility model technical idea completely.This item is real
It is not limited to the contents of the specification with novel technical scope, it is necessary to its technology is determined according to scope of the claims
Property range.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of monitoring device of bridge cement concrete constructions, which is characterized in that including bottom plate (1), processor (2), monitoring
Mechanism and two installing mechanisms, the processor (2) are fixed on the lower section of bottom plate (1), be equipped in the processor (2) PLC and
Antenna, the antenna are electrically connected with PLC, and two installing mechanisms are located at the both ends of bottom plate (1), and the mechanism for monitoring is located at bottom
The top of plate (1)；
The mechanism for monitoring successively includes moving assembly, movable plate (3), first motor (4), plate (5) and monitoring from below to up
Component, the moving assembly and movable plate (3) are sequentially connected, and the first motor (4) is fixed on the top of movable plate (3), institute
It states first motor (4) to be electrically connected with PLC, the first motor (4) and plate (5) are sequentially connected；
The monitoring assembly includes driving unit and two monitoring unit, and two monitoring unit are located at the two of driving unit
Side, the monitoring unit include expansion bracket (6), monitoring block (7), camera (8), ultrasonic transmitter (9), ultrasonic receiver
(10) with two connecting rods (12), one end of the driving unit and expansion bracket (6) is sequentially connected, the expansion bracket (6) it is another
The two sides at end pass through two connecting rods (12) and monitoring block (7) hingedly respectively, and the camera (8) is fixed on the upper of monitoring block (7)
Side, the ultrasonic transmitter (9) and ultrasonic receiver (10) are separately fixed at the two sides of monitoring block (7), the camera
(8), ultrasonic transmitter (9) and ultrasonic receiver (10) are electrically connected with PLC.
2. the monitoring device of bridge cement concrete constructions as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the installing mechanism packet
Mounting plate (13), transverse slat (14), plate (15) and several inserted links (16) are included, the mounting plate (13) is vertically arranged, the transverse slat
(14) one end is located at the lower section of bottom plate (1), is equipped with several jacks, the plate on the transverse slat (14) and on bottom plate (1)
(15) it is located at the top of bottom plate (1), the inserted link (16) is evenly distributed on the lower section of plate (15), and the inserted link (16) passes through bottom
Plate (1) and transverse slat (14), the mounting plate (13) are fixed on the top of one end of the separate bottom plate (1) of transverse slat (14), the peace
The top of loading board (13) is equipped with threaded hole.
3. the monitoring device of bridge cement concrete constructions as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the inserted link (16)
The shape of bottom end is hemispherical.
4. the monitoring device of bridge cement concrete constructions as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the moving assembly packet
Two mobile units are included, two mobile units are located at the both ends of the lower section of movable plate (3), and the mobile unit includes second
Motor (17) and two idler wheels (18), second motor (17) are fixed on the lower section of movable plate (3), second motor (17)
It is electrically connected with PLC, two idler wheels (18) are located at the two sides of the second motor (17), second motor (17) and idler wheel (18)
Transmission connection.
5. the monitoring device of bridge cement concrete constructions as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that second motor
(17) lower section is equipped with sliding block (19), and the top of the bottom plate (1) is equipped with slideway (20), and the sliding block (19) and slideway (20) are sliding
Dynamic connection, the sliding are dovetail groove.
6. the monitoring device of bridge cement concrete constructions as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the driving unit packet
Third motor (21), bearing (22), screw rod (23) and movable block (11) are included, the third motor (21) and bearing (22) are fixed
In the top of plate (5), the third motor (21) is electrically connected with PLC, one end of the third motor (21) and screw rod (23)
Transmission connection, in bearing (22), the movable block (11) is set on screw rod (23) for the other end setting of the screw rod (23),
The bottom end of the movable block (11) is resisted against on plate (5), the movable block (11) with the junction of screw rod (23) be equipped with
Screw rod (23) matched screw thread, the movable block (11) and bearing (22) respectively with the separate monitoring block (7) of expansion bracket (6) one
The two sides at end are hinged.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821321935.XU CN208888184U (en) | 2018-08-15 | 2018-08-15 | A kind of monitoring device of bridge cement concrete constructions |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821321935.XU CN208888184U (en) | 2018-08-15 | 2018-08-15 | A kind of monitoring device of bridge cement concrete constructions |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN208888184U true CN208888184U (en) | 2019-05-21 |
Family
ID=66509008
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821321935.XU Active CN208888184U (en) | 2018-08-15 | 2018-08-15 | A kind of monitoring device of bridge cement concrete constructions |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN208888184U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116145545A (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-05-23 | 山西省交通建设工程质量检测中心（有限公司） | Bridge bottom surface crack detection device |
-
2018
- 2018-08-15 CN CN201821321935.XU patent/CN208888184U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116145545A (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-05-23 | 山西省交通建设工程质量检测中心（有限公司） | Bridge bottom surface crack detection device |
| CN116145545B (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-06-27 | 山西省交通建设工程质量检测中心（有限公司） | Bridge bottom surface crack detection device |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105890996B (en) | A kind of ocean dynamic umbilical cables stretch bending combination fatigue experimental device easily adjusted | |
| CN208888184U (en) | A kind of monitoring device of bridge cement concrete constructions | |
| CN108199336B (en) | Intelligent low-voltage cable branch box | |
| CN105374260A (en) | Comprehensive experiment method and experiment device for vibration stress analysis of HDD (horizontal directional drilling) rod | |
| CN102970520A (en) | Underground monitoring and inspecting device | |
| CN113241664A (en) | Auxiliary tool for planning operation of high-voltage distribution network | |
| CN203654172U (en) | Bridge health detection device | |
| CN112284665A (en) | Be used for building steel structure model anti-seismic test detection device | |
| CN206922359U (en) | A kind of cable testing bridge bindiny mechanism | |
| CN103240223B (en) | Bilateral-sector-support flip-flow screen | |
| CN209068080U (en) | A kind of power station video monitoring apparatus | |
| CN210600650U (en) | Spring support hanger for subway | |
| CN114393562B (en) | Intelligent conveying belt is with hanging rail formula robot of patrolling and examining | |
| CN110295920A (en) | A kind of automatic lifting assembling rack and its application method for tunnel excavation construction | |
| CN207413790U (en) | A kind of civil engineering fine sand screening installation | |
| CN109854196A (en) | A kind of energy-saving drilling equipment for coal mine detection | |
| CN213842147U (en) | High-resolution remote sensing image data acquisition equipment | |
| CN108429140B (en) | A kind of power distribution cabinet convenient for component replacement | |
| CN220305059U (en) | General cable fatigue strength experimental facilities | |
| CN219870212U (en) | Bridge load detection device | |
| CN221109500U (en) | Pipe bending machine mould with detect pipeline and drop | |
| CN213303280U (en) | Remote wireless transmission equipment | |
| CN220622074U (en) | Fan blade rupture monitoring facilities | |
| CN218911763U (en) | Shelter convenient to splice fast | |
| CN216046709U (en) | Tower machine camera installation device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |