CN208824748U - Centrifuge balancing device based on the adjustment of centre of gyration position - Google Patents
Centrifuge balancing device based on the adjustment of centre of gyration position Download PDFInfo
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- CN208824748U CN208824748U CN201821532319.9U CN201821532319U CN208824748U CN 208824748 U CN208824748 U CN 208824748U CN 201821532319 U CN201821532319 U CN 201821532319U CN 208824748 U CN208824748 U CN 208824748U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of centrifuge balancing devices based on the adjustment of centre of gyration position, including pivoted arm, pivoted arm support, movement guide mechanism, fixed weight and test specimen, pivoted arm support is fixedly connected with the shaft of centrifuge, and pivoted arm support is fixedly connected by movement guide mechanism with pivoted arm, fixed weight and test specimen are separately positioned on the both ends of pivoted arm.The balancing device of the utility model opposite pivoted arm supporting movement under movement guide mechanism constraint by control pivoted arm, completes centre of gyration adjustment；Using real-time Calculate Ways, when out-of-balance force is incrementally increased as revolving speed improves, trimming system also synchronous adjustment pivoted arm position can realize dynamically balancing in the full range of speeds of centrifuge.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to centrifuges more particularly to a kind of centrifuge based on the adjustment of centre of gyration position to match paperback
It sets.
Background technique
Scientific experimentation with centrifuge be using rotatable parts around shaft rotation come provide overload environment equipment；To guarantee
Centrifuge stable operation needs rotatable parts mass center to be overlapped with the centre of gyration, and rotatable parts mass center is influenced by centrifuge test specimen,
Therefore test needs to be adjusted rotatable parts according to test specimen situation every time, this adjustment process is called the trim of centrifuge,
Centrifuge trim be guarantee centrifuge is stable, safety, long-life operation basis, out-of-balance force is excessive to may result in weight
Major break down.
Currently, centrifuge is both provided with flat structure, i.e., counter weight device is set in test specimen other side, according to precision and certainly
The difference of dynamicization degree, some are fixed weight structure, and some is moveable counter weight.The fixed weight group fast by different counterweights
It closes and changes Balance weight end weight to realize trim；Moveable counter weight is to change Balance weight end matter by moving radially clump weight in centrifuge
Heart mode realizes trim.
The trim mode of above-mentioned fixed weight when needing centrifuge static could manual operation installation clump weight, counter weight group
The weight of conjunction is discontinuous, can not on-demand trim, cannot achieve dynamically balancing, manual operation is cumbersome, and trim precision is not high；
Above-mentioned moveable counter weight trim mode is in a wide range of trim, to guarantee enough trim ranges, needs to increase and match
The weight and moving range of pouring weight, required driving force increase with the increase of centrifugal force, this is to clump weight moving structure and drive
Power demand is higher, is difficult to realize driving of the clump weight under centrifugal field, therefore to be more suitable for centrifuge static and low for this method
Static trim under rotary regimes.In small range dynamically balancing, to realize the dynamically balancing under centrifugal field, therefore system trim
Range is small；In small range dynamically balancing, since centrifugal force acts on clump weight, and it is driven the restriction of kinetic force, it can only
By way of in the mobile small clump weight of a small range, therefore dynamically balancing range very little.As needed for trim range and trim
Driving force mutually restricts, which is only applicable to a wide range of static trim or small range dynamically balancing.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is that solve the above-mentioned problems and provides a kind of based on the adjustment of centre of gyration position
Centrifuge balancing device.
The utility model achieves the above object through the following technical schemes:
A kind of centrifuge dynamically balancing device based on the adjustment of centre of gyration position, including the support of pivoted arm, pivoted arm, movement are led
To mechanism, fixed weight and test specimen, the pivoted arm support is fixedly connected with the shaft of centrifuge, and pivoted arm support passes through institute
It states movement guide mechanism to be fixedly connected with the pivoted arm, the pivoted arm is horizontally disposed, the fixed weight and test specimen difference
The both ends of the pivoted arm are set；
Rectangular straight slot is provided on the pivoted arm, the pivoted arm support is arranged in the rectangular straight slot, and the rectangle is logical
Slot and the pivoted arm part are connected by sliding rail or cylindrical roller support, the pivoted arm can the relatively described pivoted arm support horizontally slip；
The movement guide mechanism includes controller, movement executing mechanism A, movement executing mechanism B, force snesor A, power biography
Sensor B and displacement sensor, the movement executing mechanism A and the movement executing mechanism B are overlapped with the axis of the pivoted arm
Setting, the first end of the movement executing mechanism A are fixedly connected with the left side that the pivoted arm supports, the movement executing mechanism
The second end of A is resisted against the left side of the rectangular straight slot by the force snesor A, and the first of the movement executing mechanism B
The right side supported with the pivoted arm is held to be fixedly connected, the second end of the movement executing mechanism B is supported by the force snesor B
The right side of the rectangular straight slot is leaned against, institute's displacement sensors are installed on the pivoted arm support, and the axis with the pivoted arm
It is arranged in parallel, the force snesor A and the force snesor B are electrically connected with the signal end of the controller, and force signal is defeated
Arrive the controller out, control of the control terminal of the movement executing mechanism A and the movement executing mechanism B with the controller
End electrical connection processed, receives the control signal of the controller, the signal end of institute's displacement sensors and the signal of the controller
End electrical connection, by displacement signal feedback to the controller.
Preferably, the movement executing mechanism A and movement executing mechanism B is hydraulic stem or lead screw, and the displacement passes
Sensor is straight line absolute type encoder or laser displacement sensor.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
A kind of centrifuge balancing device based on the adjustment of centre of gyration position of the utility model, is being moved by controlling pivoted arm
The lower opposite pivoted arm support of guiding mechanism constraint is moved along radial direction, is completed the mobile adjustment of the pivoted arm centre of gyration, is realized pivoted arm
The reallocation of Balance weight end and test specimen end weight；And use real-time Calculate Ways, when out-of-balance force with revolving speed improve and gradually
When increase, trimming system also move needed for pivoted arm so that out-of-balance force is controlled always in smaller range by synchronous adjustment pivoted arm position
Driving force is not influenced by revolving speed, can realize dynamically balancing in the full range of speeds of centrifuge.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that a kind of structure of centrifuge balancing device based on the adjustment of centre of gyration position described in the utility model is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 2 is a kind of vertical view of centrifuge balancing device based on the adjustment of centre of gyration position described in the utility model
Figure；
Fig. 3 is that a kind of signal of centrifuge balancing device based on the adjustment of centre of gyration position described in the utility model passes
Pass flow chart；
Fig. 4 is a kind of control of centrifuge dynamically balancing method based on the adjustment of centre of gyration position described in the utility model
Logic chart processed.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing:
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of centrifuge balancing device based on the adjustment of centre of gyration position of the utility model, packet
It includes pivoted arm 2, pivoted arm support 4, movement guide mechanism, fixed weight 5 and test specimen 6, centrifuge pivoted arm to be mounted on pedestal 1, pivoted arm
Support 4 is fixedly connected with centrifuge shaft 3, and pivoted arm support 4 is fixedly connected by movement guide mechanism with pivoted arm 2,2 water of pivoted arm
Flat setting, fixed weight 5 and test specimen 6 are separately positioned on the both ends of pivoted arm 2, and rectangular straight slot, pivoted arm support 4 are provided on pivoted arm 2
It is arranged in rectangular straight slot, rectangular straight slot and pivoted arm 2 are connected by sliding rail or cylindrical roller support, and pivoted arm 2 can be with respect to pivoted arm branch
Support 4 horizontally slips；
Movement guide mechanism include controller, movement executing mechanism A 8, movement executing mechanism B 10, force snesor A 9,
Force snesor B 7 and displacement sensor 11, movement executing mechanism A 8 and movement executing mechanism B10 are overlapped with the axis of pivoted arm 2
The first end of setting, movement executing mechanism A 8 is fixedly connected with the left side of pivoted arm support 4, and the second of movement executing mechanism A 8
End is resisted against the left side of rectangular straight slot by force snesor A 9, first end and the pivoted arm support 4 of movement executing mechanism B 10
Right side is fixedly connected, and the second end of movement executing mechanism B 10 is resisted against the right side of rectangular straight slot by force snesor B 7,
Displacement sensor 11 is installed on pivoted arm support 4, and is arranged in parallel with the axis of pivoted arm 2, force snesor A 9 and force snesor B 7
Signal end be electrically connected with the signal end of controller, the control terminal of movement executing mechanism A 8 and movement executing mechanism B 10 are equal
It is electrically connected with the control terminal of controller, the signal end of displacement sensor 11 is electrically connected with the signal end of controller, by displacement signal
Controller is fed back, movement executing mechanism A 8 and movement executing mechanism B 10 are hydraulic stem or lead screw, and displacement sensor 11 is straight
Line absolute type encoder or laser displacement sensor.
Pivoted arm support 4 is fixed with shaft 3, is the platform for installing movement guide mechanism and movement executing mechanism fixing end,
And pivoted arm 2 is transmitted torque to, pivoted arm 2 is whole to be used as a movable balance weight structure for providing effective radius and pulling force, turns
It is connected between arm 2 and pivoted arm support 4 by sliding rail and cylindrical roller, frictional force in the movement direction is very small, can be ignored
Disregard.
Force snesor A 9 and force snesor B 7 are withstood on respectively between pivoted arm 2 and movement executing mechanism, measure pivoted arm 2 respectively
To the pressure of movement executing mechanism (pivoted arm support 4), when centrifuge rotates, due to the effect of centrifugal force, if pivoted arm 2 is uneven
Weighing apparatus, 6 end centrifugal force of test specimen can be different from Balance weight end centrifugal force size.Both direction is on the contrary, centrifugal force of different sizes can not be complete
It is complete to offset, therefore force snesor A 9 and force snesor B7 can measure two different values.
Controller mainly by control computer in centrifuge operational process power of the real-time reception from two force snesors,
It is continuously generated motion control instruction with logic judgment by calculating, is sent to operation executing agency A and movement executing mechanism B 10,
And obtain pivoted arm 2 from displacement sensor 11 and be displaced, the centrifuge speed after calculating acceleration compensation, and compensated revolving speed is sent out
Centrifugal Machine Control System is given to execute compensating movement, system signal transport stream is as shown in figure 3, its transport stream signal journey is common
Technology, do not need to be described further it.
The number of executing agency and each stroke are designed according to centrifuge system out-of-balance force size, multiple execution machines
Structure need to have an identical stroke, using moving synchronously when control, guarantee 2 smooth motion of pivoted arm.
A kind of method of trim as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 comprising following steps,
Parameter physical significance in this method are as follows:
MAFor the Balance weight end quality of pivoted arm, rAFor pivoted arm Balance weight end mass center away from centre of gyration distance, MBFor the test specimen of pivoted arm
Hold quality, rBFor pivoted arm test specimen end mass center away from centre of gyration distance, ω is centrifuge speed, MZFor test specimen quality, rZFor test specimen
Mass center away from centre of gyration distance, α is the ratio of test specimen end test specimen quality size and entire rotatable parts gross mass, xmaxTo turn
Arm is with respect to the maximum displacement distance that pivoted arm supports；FmaxAnd FminThe threshold value for the pressure difference that the force snesor respectively set detects
The upper limit and bottom threshold, Acc are the target centrifugal acceleration of centrifuge centrifugal test, r0For the initial effective radius of centrifuge,
Usually define r0=rB；
Before carrying out trim, Preparatory work of experiment is done before needing centrifuge to run, it is ensured that can complete to try by the following method
The trim of part, preparation process include:
1, the biggest quality of test specimen is set, i.e. maximum can trim mass MZmax, calculating formula is as follows:
2, by weighing or being calculated test specimen actual mass MZ, judge test specimen quality with it is maximum can trim quality it is big
It is small, if MZGreater than MZmax, system provides warning note, and wait operator to check or with tradition lifting fixed weight mode trim,
Alarm excludes after confirming or MZLess than MZmax, continue in next step, otherwise to terminate；
3, controller control movement executing mechanism A and movement executing mechanism B pushes pivoted arm jointly, moves to pivoted arm initially
Position, pivoted arm supports relative displacement x=0 with respect to pivoted arm at this time, and test specimen is installed to pivoted arm, is calculated and is determined at this time by size
The initial effective radius r of centrifuge0；
After being ready to complete, centrifuge can be started, trimming system carries out trim operation simultaneously.
4, the target centrifugal acceleration Acc of centrifuge centrifugal test is set, and starts centrifuge, so that pivoted arm revolving speed is gradually
Increase；
5, controller reads the measured value of force snesor A and force snesor B, and is filtered, and two power pass
The difference of the measured value of sensor is out-of-balance force, F=FA-FB, and have
F=MArAω2-(MBrBω2+MZrZω2)
=(MArA-MBrB+MZrZ)ω2
=MZrZω2
Centrifuge after installing test specimen, both ends centrifugal force can not complete equipilibrium, and out-of-balance force F can increase with acceleration
And increase, if can be impacted to system run all right, service life or even safety without trim.This Calculate Ways passes through control
Movement executing mechanism processed pushes pivoted arm mobile, moves pivoted arm, to reach new equalization point, specific logic is as follows:
If | FA-FB| > Fmax, system provides alert messages and stops acting, and waits centrifuge shutdown inspection；
If | FA-FB| < FminWhen, two power measured are of substantially equal, and centrifuge pivoted arm both ends are in a basic balance, systems
It is not required to act, while also can avoid the influence of pressure measurement errors.
If Fmin< | FA-FB| < Fmax, then judge FAAnd FBValue, if FA> FB, then the synchronous elongation of movement executing mechanism A,
Movement executing mechanism B is synchronous to be shortened, and the synchronous elongation of on the contrary then movement executing mechanism B, movement executing mechanism A is synchronous to be shortened, and is led to
Crossing displacement sensor and obtaining the shift length of pivoted arm support is x；
6, by pivoted arm support and rectangular straight slot size, it is known that the maximum allowable shift length that pivoted arm is supported relative to pivoted arm
xmax, relatively the actual displacement distance x that supports with respect to pivoted arm of pivoted arm and maximum allowable displacement x in real timemaxSize, if | x | >
xmax, then system provides alert messages and stops acting, centrifuge shutdown inspection is waited,
The value of x is checked in controller simultaneously, promotes security performance, for convenient for calculating, it is assumed that in pivoted arm revolution
Two sections of uniform quality distributions of heart or so；
It can obtain:
Reduced equation group can obtain:
:
Usual α is less than 5%, much smaller than the mass ratio of traditional mobile counterweight trim, therefore it is real by the mobile pivoted arm of small range
Existing large range of trim, if the x value of x value and measurement after calculating is close, proof system is able to carry out accurate self-test,
Guarantee operation stability.
7, the new effective radius r of centrifuge is calculatedr, new rotating speed of target ω ', calculating formula is as follows:
rr=r0+x
8, controller changes centrifuge speed, carries out acceleration compensation, repetitive cycling closed loop tune to the test specimen end of centrifuge
Section is until finally make centrifuge realize dynamic equilibrium, centrifuge system is in rotational speed omega ' elevation process, with out-of-balance force F
Increase and reach in threshold range, system can automatic trim at any time, out-of-balance force is effectively controlled a certain range always, is reduced
The driving force of required movement executing mechanism realizes dynamically balancing.
The advantages of above method has are as follows:
Pivoted arm opposite pivoted arm under movement guide mechanism constraint is supported to be moved along radial direction, completes the pivoted arm centre of gyration
Mobile adjustment, realizes the reallocation of pivoted arm Balance weight end and test specimen end weight, since movable part (pivoted arm) weight is much larger than test specimen
Quality, therefore pass through the trim of the larger mass range of pivoted arm small range movement realization.
Force snesor is installed in series between movement executing mechanism and pivoted arm so that multiple force sensors measure pivoted arm to turn
Arm support level directional pressure, is made the difference by Balance weight end and the power at test specimen end, and out-of-balance force is straight during realizing centrifuge rotation
It connects measurement and calculates, method is simple and easy, and out-of-balance force measurement accuracy is high.
Executing agency works near the centre of gyration always, therefore executing agency's thrust is not interfered substantially by centrifugal force, is mentioned
The stability of high system realizes large-scale trim simultaneously.
Using real-time trim mode, controller and movement executing mechanism are worked at the same time with centrifuge, when out-of-balance force with
Revolving speed improve and when incrementally increasing, trimming system also synchronous adjustment pivoted arm position, so that out-of-balance force is controlled always in smaller model
It encloses, driving force needed for the mobile pivoted arm of system is small, can realize dynamically balancing in the full range of speeds of centrifuge.
The limitation that the technical solution of the utility model is not limited to the above specific embodiments, all skills according to the present utility model
The technology deformation that art scheme is made, each falls within the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of centrifuge balancing device based on the adjustment of centre of gyration position, it is characterised in that: supported including pivoted arm, pivoted arm,
Movement guide mechanism, fixed weight and test specimen, the pivoted arm support is fixedly connected with the shaft of centrifuge, and the pivoted arm supports
It is fixedly connected by the movement guide mechanism with the pivoted arm, the pivoted arm is horizontally disposed, the fixed weight and the examination
Part is separately positioned on the both ends of the pivoted arm；
Be provided with rectangular straight slot on the pivoted arm, the pivoted arm support is arranged in the rectangular straight slot, the rectangular straight slot with
The pivoted arm part by sliding rail or cylindrical roller support connection, the pivoted arm can pivoted arm support relatively horizontally slip；
The movement guide mechanism includes controller, movement executing mechanism A, movement executing mechanism B, force snesor A, force snesor
B and displacement sensor, the movement executing mechanism A and the movement executing mechanism B are overlapped setting with the axis of the pivoted arm,
The first end of the movement executing mechanism A is fixedly connected with the left side that the pivoted arm supports, and the of the movement executing mechanism A
Two ends are resisted against the left side of the rectangular straight slot, the first end of the movement executing mechanism B and institute by the force snesor A
The right side for stating pivoted arm support is fixedly connected, and the second end of the movement executing mechanism B is resisted against institute by the force snesor B
State the right side of rectangular straight slot, institute's displacement sensors are installed on the pivoted arm support, and parallel with the axis of the pivoted arm set
It sets, the force snesor A and the force snesor B are electrically connected with the signal end of the controller, and force signal is output to institute
State controller, the control terminal of the movement executing mechanism A and the movement executing mechanism B with the control terminal of controller electricity
Connection, receives the control signal of the controller, the signal end of the signal end and the controller of institute's displacement sensors is electrically connected
It connects, by displacement signal feedback to the controller.
2. the centrifuge balancing device according to claim 1 based on the adjustment of centre of gyration position, it is characterised in that: described
The movement executing mechanism A and movement executing mechanism B is hydraulic stem or lead screw, and institute's displacement sensors are straight line absolute encoding
Device or laser displacement sensor.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109092575A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2018-12-28 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Centrifuge balancing device and method based on the adjustment of centre of gyration position |
| CN112718267A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-30 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Anti-disturbance self-balancing precision centrifuge device |
-
2018
- 2018-09-19 CN CN201821532319.9U patent/CN208824748U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109092575A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2018-12-28 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Centrifuge balancing device and method based on the adjustment of centre of gyration position |
| CN109092575B (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2024-01-30 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Centrifugal machine balancing device and method based on rotation center position adjustment |
| CN112718267A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-30 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Anti-disturbance self-balancing precision centrifuge device |
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