CN208794799U - A kind of control system of household refrigerators - Google Patents

Abstract

This application involves a kind of control systems of household refrigerators, the control system is by controller, power circuit, temperature sampling circuit, current sampling circuit, voltage sampling circuit, parameter setting circuit, temperature and alarm indication circuit, total loop switch, auxiliary winding circuit switching composition, controller and power circuit, temperature sampling circuit, current sampling circuit, voltage sampling circuit, parameter setting circuit, temperature and alarm indication circuit, total loop switch, auxiliary winding circuit switching is all connected with, power circuit, voltage sampling circuit with total loop both ends of power and connect, current sampling circuit, total loop switch, compressor C-terminal is sequentially connected, the end compressor S is connected to total loop power supply N-terminal by auxiliary winding circuit switching, controller is respectively to temperature sampling circuit, current sampling circuit, voltage sampling circuit carries out real-time sampling, Control total loop switch and auxiliary winding circuit switching execute corresponding movement when reaching Control Criterion of Design.The application is simple for structure, multiple functional, easy to use, at low cost, and effect is good.

Description

A kind of control system of household refrigerators

Technical field

This application involves a kind of control system of household refrigerators, it is mainly used for realizing the cryogenic temperature control of household refrigerators The booting starting control of system and abnormal operating state protection and its internal refrigeration storage compressor.

Background technique

Invariable frequency compressor formula household refrigerators refrigeration compartment temperature control, compressor booting start and overload protection it is final Control object is refrigeration compressor, and the motor inside compressor generallys use split-phase type monopole asynchronous motor, altogether there are two around Group, one is main winding, another is auxiliary winding.Wherein temperature control and overload protection are to control motor total loop on-off and be Purpose, and it is switched on that start be for the purpose of the on-off for controlling motor auxiliary winding, household refrigerators currently on the market generally will be with Upper three control is completed using controller independent, as shown in Figure 1.

The temperature control of cool room is divided into mechanical temperature controller and electronic temperature controller, the wherein control of mechanical temperature controller Principle is that the temperature sensing agent pressure in temperature-sensing pipe changes with the variation of temperature, drives transmission bracket movement, controls bracket The folding of upper contact；Electronic temperature controller is to acquire refrigeration compartment temperature by temperature sensor, and control circuit is by collected temperature Degree real time data is converted into electric data feeding single-chip microcontroller and is compared with set reference data, according to comparison result output phase Induction signal controls the folding of relay or electronic switch.Either mechanical temperature controller or electronic temperature controller, final mesh Be to reach required temperature by controlling the start-stop of refrigeration compressor.Overload protection is mainly running refrigeration compressor When overtemperature, overcurrent protected, thermal protector is tightly attached on refrigeration compressor shell or machine winding by when use, works as system When cold compressor passes through high current, thermal protector internal heating element moment generates larger heat and bimetal leaf bending is caused to be turned over Turn, and disconnect moving contact, plays the role of overcurrent protection；In addition, work as refrigeration compressor long time running for some reason, Cause compressor case or motor winding temperature excessively high, promotes after generating heat superposition along with thermal protector internal heating element The overturning of bimetal leaf heated bending, and moving contact is disconnected, play overtemperature protective effect.It is bent because of overcurrent and overtemperature The bimetal leaf of overturning, after reset temperature of the locating environment temperature lower than bimetal leaf setting, bimetal leaf can answer automatically Position, makes thermal protector rearming.The effect of starting control be refrigeration compressor booting when connect auxiliary winding into Row starts, and auxiliary winding is turned off after the completion of starting, and what is generallyd use at present is realized with posive temperature coefficient thermistor (PTC) Dynamic, according to the characteristic of PTC, resistance is smaller when room temperature, and auxiliary winding has larger current and starts when booting, while the electric current also makes PTC generates heat and resistance value rises rapidly, and auxiliary winding electric current is gradually reduced until basic shutdown.

With the continuous development of electron controls technology, various electronic controllers will gradually substitute mechanical manipulator.Shen It asks someone to have applied the Chinese patent of Patent No. 201220135551.5, the mechanical overload largely used at present is protected The drawbacks of device, has carried out more detailed description, can be had using designed by the patent using single-chip microcontroller control electronic protector Effect solves problem above.And at present in the various starters that largely use, there is also some shortcomings, or remaining power consumption are larger, or Starting performance is unstable, can effectively solve the above deficiency using monolithic processor controlled electronic-type starter.But it is whole from refrigeration machine From the point of view of the control angle of body, using mutually independent electronic temperature controller, electronic protector and electronic-type starter, need each From power circuit, control chip, execution circuit, not only increase cost, energy consumption, also add the risk to break down.

Summary of the invention

The technical solution that the application is taken not only overcomes the above deficiencies in the existing technologies, also adds short Road, overvoltage/undervoltage defencive function provide a kind of simple for structure, multiple functional, easy to use, at low cost, good household system of effect The control system of cold.

The application solves technical solution used by above-mentioned technical problem

A kind of control system of household refrigerators, it is characterized in that by controller, power circuit, temperature sampling circuit, electric current Sample circuit, voltage sampling circuit, parameter setting circuit, temperature and alarm indication circuit, total loop switch, auxiliary winding circuit are opened Close composition, controller and power circuit, temperature sampling circuit, current sampling circuit, voltage sampling circuit, parameter setting circuit, Temperature and alarm indication circuit, total loop switch, auxiliary winding circuit switching are all connected with, power circuit, voltage sampling circuit with Total loop both ends of power simultaneously connects, and current sampling circuit, total loop switch, compressor C-terminal are sequentially connected, and the end compressor S is by secondary Winding loop switch is connected to total loop power supply N-terminal, the parameter setting circuit for short circuit, operating overload, stall, overheat, The setting of power supply overvoltage/undervoltage Protection parameters and refrigeration compartment temperature parameter setting, the temperature and alarm indication circuit are defeated for controller The display of cool room real time temperature, setting temperature and alarm signal out.

The controller carries out real-time sampling to temperature sampling circuit, current sampling circuit, voltage sampling circuit respectively, real When sampled data be compared respectively with corresponding basic parameter, reach design control (movement) standard when control total loop switch Corresponding movement is executed with auxiliary winding circuit switching.The controller can use various existing controllers to realize, such as singly Piece machine.The Control Criterion of Design refers to the real-time sampling data of temperature sampling circuit, current sampling circuit, voltage sampling circuit It is compared respectively with corresponding basic parameter and reaches state modulator standard and start or protect number to reach starting or protection time Number control standard.

Whether the temperature sampling circuit falls in refrigeration for refrigeration compartment temperature sampling and compressor housing temperature sampling Judgment basis (the state modulator for controlling and protecting as temperature in temperature range and compressor housing normal temperature range is arranged in room Standard, similarly hereinafter).

The current sampling circuit samples compressor total loop (operation) electric current, falls in total loop current reference Still total loop electric current abnormal operating state is fallen in parameter area, and (total loop electric current abnormal operating state can be subdivided into short Road, operating overload, stall) the interior judgment basis that whether there is short circuit, operating overload, stall as compressor total loop of range.

The voltage sampling circuit samples power supply voltage, as power supply sentencing with the presence or absence of overvoltage/undervoltage Disconnected foundation.

The parameter setting circuit is used for short circuit, the setting of operating overload, stall, overheat, power supply overvoltage/undervoltage Protection parameters With the setting of refrigeration compartment temperature parameter, data are set and are sent into after controller handled, as the reference data for comparing and judging. If operator does not input parameter, default using last setting parameter or initial parameter (according to this product reality when exploitation The parameter determined after the completion of the debugging of border situation), initial parameter is arranged in a control program.

The temperature and alarm indication circuit are for the cool room real time temperature of controller output, setting temperature and alarm signal Number display.

Total loop switch is that cryogenic temperature control and various protections execute switch, controls opening for refrigeration compressor Stop.

The auxiliary winding circuit switching is the switch that executes of the booting starting of refrigeration compressor, and control compressor auxiliary winding returns The mechanical switch of contact had both can be used in the on-off on road, total loop switch and auxiliary winding circuit switching, can also use contactless Electronic switch.The application control system, which constitutes complete intelligent control module, reduces cost and energy by integrated design Consumption, reduces the risk to break down.

The application compared with prior art, has the following advantages that and effect: it is simple for structure, it is multiple functional, and it is easy to use, at This is low, and effect is good.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the control principle schematic diagram of the prior art.

Fig. 2 is the control principle schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application.

Specific embodiment

The application is directed to the deficiency in the presence of current domestic refrigeration machine control system, and takes a kind of more optimal control Scheme processed.The design frame chart of the application such as Fig. 2, this control program are carried out in two steps optimization, and the first step is by the mechanical of compressor Overload protection function is optimized for Electronic overload protection function, while increasing the overvoltage/undervoltage protection function of short circuit and power supply voltage Energy；Former PTC starting control function optimization is electronic type starting control function；Second step is on the basis of primary electron formula temperature controller On, Electronic overload protection function and electronic type starting control function are embedded into electronic temperature controller, one-piece type electricity is formed Minor control program, and pass through the rational design of hardware circuit and software, realize refrigeration compartment temperature control, compressor start control System and compressor short circuit, operating overload, overheat, stall, the protection of power supply overvoltage/undervoltage；From figure 2 it can be seen that in one-piece type control In the circuit of conceptual design, power circuit, intelligent control module are the sharing unit for realizing various controls, and total loop switch is system What the control of cold house's temperature and overload protection control shared executes switch, so by integrated design, not only reduce cost with Energy consumption, and reduce the risk to break down.

Referring to fig. 2, the entire control program of the application is by single-chip microprocessor MCU, power circuit, temperature sampling circuit, current sample Circuit, voltage sampling circuit, parameter setting circuit, temperature and alarm indication circuit, total loop switch, auxiliary winding circuit switching group At power circuit, voltage sampling circuit and power supply (total loop) both ends of power (L, N) simultaneously connect, and current sampling circuit, total loop are opened Close, the C-terminal of compressor 1 is sequentially connected, the end S of compressor 1 is connected to power supply N-terminal by auxiliary winding circuit switching, compresses The end M of machine 1 is connect with power supply N-terminal.Wherein:

Single-chip microprocessor MCU is the core of entire control system, it receives various sampled datas (signal, similarly hereinafter) and parameter setting Data carry out logical operation process by process design requirement, and control total loop switch and auxiliary winding circuit switching execute corresponding Movement.

Power circuit provides each unit circuit in entire control system and works normally required power supply.

Temperature sampling circuit includes various temperature samplings needed for refrigeration temperature control process and overheat of compressor protection when institute After needing compressor housing temperature sampling, sampled data feeding single-chip microprocessor MCU to be handled, as temperature control and overheat of compressor The judgment basis of protection.

Current sampling circuit samples compressor total loop running current, and sampled data is sent into single-chip microprocessor MCU and is carried out Processing whether there is the judgment basis of overcurrent as operating loop.

Voltage sampling circuit samples power supply voltage, and sampled data is sent into single-chip microprocessor MCU and is handled, as Power supply is that there are the judgment basis of no overvoltage/undervoltage.

Parameter setting circuit is configured parameters, and setting parameter is sent into after single-chip microprocessor MCU handled, as than Compared with the reference data with judgement.

Cool room real time temperature, setting temperature and the alarm signal that temperature and alarm indication circuit export single-chip microprocessor MCU It is shown.

Total loop switch is that cryogenic temperature control and various protections execute switch, controls the start-stop of refrigeration compressor.

Auxiliary winding circuit switching is the switch that executes of the booting starting of refrigeration compressor, control compressor auxiliary winding circuit The mechanical switch of contact had both can be used in on-off, total loop switch and auxiliary winding circuit switching, can also use contactless electron Switch.

The one-piece type control program that the application is taken carries out control system initialization, the control system initialization first Step includes: that controller passes through parameter setting circuit progress short circuit, operating overload, stall, overheat, power supply overvoltage/undervoltage Protection parameters Setting and refrigeration compartment temperature parameter setting, single-chip microprocessor MCU according to refrigeration compartment temperature be arranged parameter formed booting basic parameter Such as -6 DEG C of Trk() and such as -8 DEG C of basic parameter Trt(of shutdown)；If operator skips the step, defaults and fallen using last time Setting parameter before electricity.

Then the function of following three aspect is realized.

First aspect is the temperature control of cool room, obtains real-time cryogenic temperature sampled data by temperature sampling circuit, Form real time temperature data Tr.Basic parameter and real time data are compared in inside, as Tr >=Trk, single-chip microprocessor MCU control Total loop processed closes the switch, and opens refrigeration compressor work；As Tr < Trt, single-chip microprocessor MCU controls total loop switch and disconnects, and stops Only refrigeration compressor works.

Second aspect is the starting control of refrigeration compressor, when total loop closes the switch, and opens compressor operating, monolithic Machine MCU controls auxiliary winding circuit switching closure, connects compressor auxiliary winding, makes its starting, and starting reaches normal starting time (example Such as 0.5S) after, auxiliary winding circuit switching disconnects, and cuts off compressor auxiliary winding circuit；It can be detected at this time by current sampling circuit Whether running current normal, with judge compressor whether normal starting.If running current is abnormal, reaching the stipulated time (two Secondary starting time interval, such as 2S) after start again, carry out checking whether normal starting again again after starting process. So after circulation specified period (such as 3 times), if can't normal starting, that is, be considered as and start abnormal, export corresponding report Alert data to Display and Alarm Circuit carries out alarm indication.

The third aspect is to realize short circuit, operating overload, stall, overheat, the protection of power supply overvoltage/undervoltage, when refrigeration compressor is rising In dynamic or operational process, the sampled data on current sampling circuit is increased rapidly, and via controller is electric with the short circuit of setting after receiving Stream basic parameter is compared, and is reached short-circuit standard (i.e. current sampling data is greater than short circuit current basic parameter) and is judged as short Road, single-chip microprocessor MCU control total loop switch and disconnect, and refrigeration compressor stops working, and plays the role of short-circuit protection；When refrigeration is pressed In starting or operational process, the sampled data on current sampling circuit increases rapidly contracting machine, via controller receive after with stall Current reference parameter is compared, after being greater than locked rotor current basic parameter and accumulated time reaches stipulated time (such as 5S), It is judged as that stall, controller control total loop switch and disconnect, refrigeration compressor stops working, and plays the role of rotation-clogging protection； Then controller carries out timing, after reaching regulation stall resetting time (such as 100S), is powered opens refrigeration compressor again, It rejudges with the presence or absence of stall.So circulation specified period (such as 3 periods) after, if can't normal starting, output The alarm signal of stall to temperature and alarm indication circuit carries out alarm indication.When refrigeration compressor in the process of running, electric current Sampled data on sample circuit becomes larger, and via controller is compared after receiving with operating overload current reference parameter, when being greater than After operating overload current reference parameter and accumulated time reach defined time (such as 5min), that is, it is judged as operating overload, controls Device control total loop switch processed disconnects, and refrigeration compressor stops working, and plays the role of overload operation protection；Then controller into Row timing after reaching regulation operating overload resetting time (such as 10min), is powered opens refrigeration compressor again, sentence again It is disconnected to whether there is operating overload.So circulation specified period (such as 3 periods) after, if can't normal starting, output fortune The alarm signal of row overload to temperature and alarm indication circuit carries out alarm indication.When refrigeration compressor occurs in the process of running When shell overheats, controller receives compressor housing by temperature sampling circuit and crosses dsc data, after being handled, with setting Overheat basic parameter is compared, after being greater than overheat basic parameter evidence and accumulated time reaches defined time (such as 1S), It is judged as overheat, controller controls total loop switch and disconnects, and refrigeration compressor stops working, and plays the role of overheating protection. When there is power supply overvoltage/undervoltage in the process of running in refrigeration compressor, after voltage sampling circuit samples be sent into controller with The overvoltage/undervoltage basic parameter (over-voltage 285V, under-voltage 154V) of setting is compared, when reaching overvoltage/undervoltage basic parameter range and tired After the product time reaches stipulated time (such as 1S), that is, it is judged as that overvoltage/undervoltage, controller control total loop switch and disconnect, stops refrigeration Compressor operating plays the role of overvoltage/undervoltage protection.

Herein described normal starting time, twice starting time interval, operating overload or stall accumulated time, overheat are tired Product time, overvoltage/undervoltage accumulated time, operating overload or stall resetting time, number of starts or protection number are usually adjusted in design It is determining and control program is written when examination, it can also be inputted according to actual needs when control system initializes.

Above content is only to the application structure example explanation described in this specification；Moreover, this Shen Please the title that is taken of each section can also be different, it is all according to structure, feature and principle described in the application inventional idea done etc. Effect or simple change, are included in the protection scope of the application patent.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of control system of household refrigerators, it is characterized in that: being adopted by controller, power circuit, temperature sampling circuit, electric current Sample circuit, voltage sampling circuit, parameter setting circuit, temperature and alarm indication circuit, total loop switch, auxiliary winding circuit switching Composition, controller and power circuit, temperature sampling circuit, current sampling circuit, voltage sampling circuit, parameter setting circuit, temperature Degree and alarm indication circuit, total loop switch, auxiliary winding circuit switching are all connected with, and power circuit, voltage sampling circuit are and always Ring current both ends simultaneously connect, and current sampling circuit, total loop switch, compressor C-terminal are sequentially connected, the end compressor S by it is secondary around Group circuit switching is connected to total loop power supply N-terminal, and the parameter setting circuit is used for short circuit, operating overload, stall, overheat, electricity The setting of source overvoltage/undervoltage Protection parameters and the setting of refrigeration compartment temperature parameter, the temperature and alarm indication circuit are used for controller The cool room real time temperature of output, the display that temperature and alarm signal is arranged, the temperature sampling circuit are used for refrigeration compartment temperature Sampling and compressor housing temperature sampling, the current sampling circuit are used for compressor total loop current sample, and the voltage is adopted Sample circuit is used for power supply voltage sample.