CN208784852U - A kind of surgical instrument for improving latch mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of surgical instruments for improving latch mechanism, include distal end working head, proximal handle and the lengthening bar portion extended therebetween；The handle includes front handlebar, rear handle and the arm pivot post for connecting it, and the front handlebar and rear handle can rotate relative to the arm pivot post；The working head includes a pair of of binding clip and the driving mechanism being attached thereto；The lengthening bar portion includes runner, outer bar portion and draw-in bar, the outer bar portion and runner are fixed together and are mounted in front handlebar, described draw-in bar one end is connect with the driving mechanism and its other end is connect with rear handle, the latch mechanism includes the cantilever being linked together with rear handle, and the cantilever includes multiple first lock teeth；Locking bolt includes the second lock tooth to match with the first lock tooth；The trigger includes trigger shaft, the first cam surface, the second cam surface and finger buckle；The latch mechanism includes effective model and invalid mode.

Description

A kind of surgical instrument for improving latch mechanism

Technical field

The utility model relates to Minimally Invasive Surgery instrument more particularly to a kind of surgical instruments for improving latch mechanism.

Background technique

Surgical operating instrument has had centuries history, and doctor completes tissue with different surgical instruments in surgical operation Crawl is sheared, separation, blood coagulation, and the operation such as suture closure, surgical operating instrument develops mature by centuries.Laparoscope The clinical of operation is carried out more than 30 years, just in rapid advances.Briefly, laparoscopic surgery, that is, operative doctor is using lengthening Laparoscope hand-held apparatus, enter patient's body via the puncture channel of natural cavity or building, complete tissue crawl, shearing, Separation, blood coagulation, the operation such as suture closure.

Laparoscopic surgery opens abdomen ophthalmic surgical relative to tradition, and main advantage is small for patient trauma to can reduce slight illness Restore with acceleration.Current endoscope-assistant surgery generally includes operation on gallbladder, laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair, and peritoneoscope stomach bottom folds Operation, laparoscopic splenectomy, the operation such as laparoscopic appendectomy operation, the whole operation difficulty of endoscope-assistant surgery is larger, Used time is longer, and operative doctor needs 1~3 hour in lasting surgical procedure.Due to the limitation of operative space, operative doctor is often needed Will be for a long time with difficult gesture operation instrument, doctor is easy fatigue, or even induces arthritis, the risks such as scapulohumeral periarthritis.Laparoscope Hand-held apparatus should meet Human Engineering Principle, support a variety of gripping gimmicks, reduce extreme operation posture and the sense that lessens fatigue.

Operate it is same instrument when, different operative doctors or same operative doctor are in different operations or same operation In in specific a certain operating process, the gimmick that doctor holds surgical instrument is had nothing in common with each other.Studies have shown that in endoscope-assistant surgery, such as Finger gripping shown in Fig. 2 is enforced the law pinch grip (or for precision grip method precision grip) and hand as shown in Figure 3 The grasp pam grip (or for energetically clinch force grip) that enforces the law is most common two kinds of gimmicks.

In existing hysteroscope hand-held apparatus, for example, endoscope-assistant surgery scissors, endoscope-assistant surgery elastic separating plier, endoscope-assistant surgery nipper etc., As shown in Figure 1, generalling use scissorstype handle, a variety of gripping gimmicks can be supported.In order to which lasting realization clamps organ or tissue, It is existing that corresponding locking mechanism, such as Patent No. are increased using the surgery hand-held apparatus of scissorstype handle The Chinese patent of CN2014108503121 discloses the card locking device and surgical instrument of a kind of carrier state handoff functionality, however existing Although some patents realize the clamping of tissue or organ and unlock uses, but due to the individual difference and hand of operative doctor The complexity of art environment mainly has following problems urgently to be resolved:

On the one hand, the hand-type of different operative doctors is of different sizes, and the operation handedness of different operative doctors is also not to the utmost Identical, the finger that existing surgical instrument generally can satisfy most operative doctors can be carried out in operation is normally carried out operation, But it seldom considers how that the finger for making operative doctor comfortably operates, needless to say meets the operative doctor that minority has particular/special requirement Demand, such as: be accustomed to left slash operative doctor and according to each finger of operative doctor it is different firmly habit matched The finger zone of action；

On the other hand, how operative doctor uses the same hand, easily carries out a variety of in continuous surgical procedure Different gimmicks switch over, for example finger gripping is enforced the law the switching between palm grip method, or under different gimmick states The switching for carrying out different conditions facilitates operative doctor that can carry out various accurate operations using optimal hand-held posture, and subtracts The fatigue of the youthful and the elderly's time operation；

In addition, how for tissue or organ need the continuous operation for clamping and unclamping with without locking mechanism participate in into Operation etc. is switched fast between capable quick drawing and strip operation.

The prior art mainly passes through increase operation path, is combined use using the surgical instrument of different function, or Using modes such as more people auxiliary: using the hand-held apparatus of with locking mechanism such as in an operation path, another operation is logical Common hand-held apparatus is used in road；Or the surgical instrument of different function is subjected to disengaging abdomen in the same operation path Switching.Nonetheless, also only part is able to satisfy the realization requirement of operative doctor, but really increases the pain of patient, increases The various operation risks of operating time and thus bring.

Utility model content

Therefore, in order to solve problems in the prior art, in the one aspect of the utility model, a kind of improvement latch mechanism is proposed Surgical instrument, include distal end working head, proximal handle and the lengthening bar portion extended therebetween；The handle includes preceding Hand, rear handle and the arm pivot post for connecting it, and the front handlebar and rear handle can make rotation fortune relative to the arm pivot post It is dynamic；The working head includes a pair of of binding clip and the driving mechanism being attached thereto；The lengthening bar portion includes runner, outer bar portion and Draw-in bar, the outer bar portion and runner are fixed together and are mounted in front handlebar, described draw-in bar one end and the driving machine Structure connects and its other end is connect with rear handle, wherein the handle also includes latch mechanism, and the latch mechanism includes effective model And invalid mode；The latch mechanism includes the cantilever being linked together with rear handle, and the cantilever includes multiple first lock teeth；It is described Latch mechanism also includes the locking bolt being mounted in front handlebar, trigger, button and elastic element；The locking bolt includes and described first locks The second lock tooth that tooth matches；The trigger includes trigger shaft, the first cam surface, the second cam surface and finger buckle；It is described to press Button and first cam surface interact, and the trigger is driven to rotate around trigger shaft, realize latch mechanism in effective model Switch between invalid mode；When the latch mechanism is effective model, the elastic element drives the trigger around described The rotation of trigger shaft, so that the first lock tooth and the second lock tooth are mutually twisted, handle closes up towards front handlebar and is limited after permission Handle is opened away from front handlebar after system, as lock function；Apply finger buckle described in outer power drive the trigger is surrounded and pulls The rotation of machine shaft, second cam surface squeeze the locking bolt, so that the second lock tooth and the first lock tooth disengage, handle after permission The back of the hand is opened from front handlebar, as unlocking function.

A kind of optional technical solution, wherein the button include the first button and the second button, first button and Second button is separately mounted to two sides of the front handlebar.

A kind of optional technical solution, wherein the front handlebar includes the long and narrow sliding slot through two side, and described the One button and the second button can slide in the long and narrow sliding slot.

A kind of optional technical solution, wherein the direction of the long and narrow sliding slot is basically parallel to the lengthening bar portion.

A kind of optional technical solution, wherein the rear side of runner is arranged in the long and narrow sliding slot, and meets following require: Left or right hand is enforced the law using finger gripping when operating the handle, what the index finger of the hand of operation can be convenient stir one of them by Button；When left or right hand operates the handle using palm grip method, what the thumb of the hand of operation can be convenient stirred wherein one A button.

A kind of optional technical solution, wherein the front handlebar includes the arc chute through two side, and described the One button and the second button can rotate in the arc chute.

Detailed description of the invention

In order to more fully understand the essence of the utility model, it is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a kind of surgical operating instrument simulation schematic diagram of prior art；

Fig. 2 is enforced the law schematic diagram shown in Fig. 1 using finger gripping；

Fig. 3 is that palm grip method schematic diagram is used shown in Fig. 2；

Fig. 4 is the surgical operating instrument stereoscopic schematic diagram of the utility model；

Fig. 5 is surgical instrument finger control partition schematic diagram described in Fig. 4；

Fig. 6, which is Fig. 4, to carry out when finger gripping is enforced the law effective model using the right hand and switches schematic diagram to invalid mode；

Fig. 7, which is Fig. 4, to carry out when finger gripping is enforced the law invalid mode using the right hand and switches schematic diagram to effective model；

Fig. 8 is Fig. 4 when carrying out palm grip method using right hand effective model switches side schematic diagram to invalid mode；

Fig. 9 is Fig. 7 when carrying out palm grip method using right hand effective model switches other side schematic diagram to invalid mode；

Figure 10 is the exploded view of surgical instrument described in Fig. 4；

Figure 11 is the perspective view of button sliding block shown in Figure 10；

Figure 12 is the another three-dimensional view of button sliding block shown in Figure 11；

Figure 13 is the perspective view of trigger shown in Figure 10；

Figure 14 is locking bolt schematic diagram described in Figure 10；

Figure 15 is front handlebar schematic internal view shown in Figure 10；

Figure 16 is the schematic internal view of front handlebar lid shown in Fig. 10；

Figure 17 is the cut away view under the utility model invalid mode；

Figure 18 is 18-18 partial enlarged view shown in Figure 17；

Figure 19 is the cut away view of lock state under the utility model effective model；

Figure 20 is 20-20 partial enlarged view shown in Figure 19；

Figure 21 is the cut away view of the utility model unlocked state；

Figure 22 is 22-22 partial enlarged view shown in Figure 21；

In all views, identical label indicates equivalent part or component.

Specific embodiment

Disclosed herein is the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood, however, that disclosed embodiment is only this reality With novel example, the utility model can be realized by different modes.Therefore, this disclosure be not to be construed for It is restrictive, but only as the basis of claim, and it is originally practical new as instructing those skilled in the art how to use The basis of type.

With reference to Fig. 1-4, for convenience of stating, the side of subsequent all Proximity operation persons is defined as proximal end, and far from operator One side is defined as distal end.

As shown in Figure 1-3, working as casing especially in endoscope-assistant surgery carrying out surgical operation in conjunction with described in foregoing background Component (not shown) is inserted in place, and various Minimally Invasive Surgery instruments, such as surgery hand-held apparatus 10 can pass through sheath assembly shape At channel be inserted into body cavity.Possibility needs while the one or more sheath assemblies of use in surgical procedure, and surgery hander Tool 10 also needs to configure one or more progress according to operation while operating.Fig. 1 is a kind of typical surgery hand of the prior art Holder tool 10, the working head 106 including distal end, proximal handle 11 and the lengthening bar portion 105 extended therebetween；The handle packet Containing front handlebar 101, rear handle 102 and the arm pivot post 103 for connecting it, the front handlebar 101 and rear handle 102 can be relative to institutes Arm pivot post 103 is stated to rotate；The front handlebar 101 includes preceding finger loop 110, and the rear handle 102 includes thumb circle 120, preceding 111 bottom of finger loop is provided with support arm 112.The upside setting unlock trigger 115 of the preceding finger loop 111 is used In the locking and unlocking for realizing the front handlebar 101 and rear handle 102.

Current endoscope-assistant surgery generally includes operation on gallbladder, laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair, peritoneoscope stomach bottom folding hand Art, laparoscopic splenectomy, the operation such as laparoscopic appendectomy operation.The whole operation difficulty of endoscope-assistant surgery is larger, uses When it is longer, operative doctor needs 1~3 hour in lasting surgical procedure.In order to mitigate operation Chinese medicine growth time with difficult posture Instrument is operated, existing surgery hand-held apparatus is a degree of to consider Human Engineering Principle, can usually support a variety of hold Gimmick is held, it is a degree of to reduce extreme operation posture and the sense that lessens fatigue.Finger gripping as shown in Figure 2 enforces the law and such as Fig. 3 institute The palm grip method shown is most common two kinds of gimmicks.

Tractor is carried out as Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are illustrated operative doctor and enforced the law using typical surgical hand-held apparatus 10 with finger gripping The grip state of official or grasping tissue: the third finger of a certain hand of operative doctor passes through the preceding finger loop 111, and middle finger is attached to 115 position of unlock trigger of the upside of preceding finger loop 111, medial surface of little finger press on the support arm 112；Its thumb Rotate back and forth the rear handle 102 around the arm pivot post 103 across the thumb circle 120 movement thumb, and by described The movement of handle 102 is converted into the movement of the distal end working head 106 after bar portion 105 will be described.

Tractor is carried out with palm grip method using typical surgical hand-held apparatus 10 as Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 illustrate operative doctor The grip state of official or grasping tissue: the palm of a certain hand of operative doctor is adjacent to the side of the handle 11, and thumb is pinned Rear handle 102 is clamped in palm side by handle 11, forms a U-shaped clamping, and little finger of toe is pressed at described preceding On the support arm 112 of hand 101, the third finger passes through the preceding finger loop 110, and middle finger is attached to the upper of the preceding finger loop 110 115 position of unlock trigger of side, movement rotate back and forth the front handlebar 101 around the arm pivot post 103, and by the bar The movement of handle 102 is converted into the movement of the distal end working head after portion 105 will be described.

In clinical application, the finger gripping is enforced the law of equal importance with palm grip method, and usually requires frequent switching. Such as when needing to carry out tissue removing and appear blood vessel in clinical operation, one hand of operating doctor holds ultrasound knife or elastic separating plier is small The heart it is thriving carry out tissue removing, another hand generally has to hold nipper operation organ or tissue, forms synergistic effect, side Tissue strip operation can accurately be completed.When operative site does not appear sufficiently, or carry out tissue removing position it is short When variation spatial extent in time is larger, operative doctor generallys use finger gripping and enforces the law to operate instrument, and needs lock machine Structure is set as invalid state.Those skilled in the art is to be understood that be enforced the law and latch mechanism invalid state using finger gripping When, operation instrument is the most flexible, therefore can open and close instrument quickly to grab, and clamp draws organ or tissue, flexibly Mobile organ or tissue, so as to matching tissue removing nimbly and freely.However it is enforced the law using finger gripping and there is no secondary locking When, the finger of operative doctor is quite tired.It is not moved when the position short time that operative site sufficiently appears or carry out tissue removing When, operative doctor is it is generally desirable to quickly be switched to lock function effective status, by the coupling mechanism force clamp tightly of instrument itself Organ or tissue pulls or stirs the organ or tissue of block vision.Under lock function effective status, instrument progress is not operated usually Multiple quick opening and closing movement.When the organ or tissue of crawl or drawing is larger or heavier, operative doctor or assistant are logical It often is switched to palm grip method, because palm grip method tends to force and the freer diastole of posture, facilitates and is grasped energetically Make or can reduce fatigue.

It is inconvenient that the latch mechanism effective status and invalid state of the surgical instrument 10 of the prior art described in Fig. 1 switch, especially The extremely difficult switching for carrying out effective status and invalid state when being using palm grip method.Further, since middle finger is exerted oneself, position is just It is 115 position of unlock trigger of the upside of preceding finger loop 111, when operating instrument progress organ crawl, if middle finger is slightly exerted oneself, holds It easily causes middle finger to keep handle 11 in the unlocked state by trigger squeeze 115, that is, latch mechanism false triggering is easy to cause to unlock.

A kind of surgical instrument 20 of the utility model embodiment is illustrated in detail in Fig. 4-21, includes distal end working head 23, closely End scissorstype handle 21 and the lengthening bar portion 22 extended therebetween；The handle 21 includes front handlebar 206, rear handle 202 and company Its arm pivot post 261 is connect, and the front handlebar 206 and rear handle 202 can make rotation fortune relative to the arm pivot post 261 It is dynamic；The arm pivot post 261 is living by front handlebar 206 and rear handle 202 with 206 integrated injection molding of front handlebar and by shaft hole 222 Dynamic connection.The arm pivot post 261 may be set to be independent part for being flexibly connected front handlebar 206 and rear handle 202.Institute Stating and lengthening bar portion 22 includes runner 214, outer bar portion 213 and draw-in bar 215, and the outer bar portion 213 and runner 214 are fixed together And be mounted in front handlebar 206, described 215 one end of draw-in bar is connect and its other end and rear handle with the driving mechanism 211 202 connect and are fixed in rear 202 fixation hole 221 of handle by fixing axle 218.

The working head 23 includes a pair of of binding clip 210 and the driving mechanism that is attached thereto, and the driving mechanism includes the One link block 217, the second link block 216, sliding block 212, actuating arm 211 and pin 219.First link block 217, the Two link blocks 216 respectively with the connection symmetrical above and below of a pair of of binding clip 210 and be fitted into actuating arm 211 together with sliding block 212 and use pin 219 is fixed.215 distal end of draw-in bar is connect with sliding block 212, drives the movement of the draw-in bar 215 band movable slider 212 to move, with cunning First link block 217 that block 212 is cooperatively connected, the second link block 216 drive a pair of of binding clip 210 to realize opening and closing.This field Technical staff it is readily conceivable that other link mechanisms for having disclosed, slide way mechanism or simple adaptation is done based on the prior art Property modification, may be used to substitute utility model described in working head 23 realize the same or similar function.Hand-held apparatus 20 Difference is configured according to the working head 23, the operating scissors with scissors head can be divided into, the nipper with serration friction clamp head, band The hoe scaler etc. on curved forceps head.As the development of surgery hand-held apparatus occurs more and more to cooperate different operation needs Different types of working head it is within the protection scope of the present utility model, no longer enumerate one by one herein.

In a kind of case study on implementation, the front handlebar 206 includes preceding finger loop 262, it is described after handle 202 include thumb circle 224.It operates the front handlebar 206 and rear handle 202 and rotates relative to the arm pivot post 261 and be converted into draw-in bar 215 linear motion, and make driving mechanism 211 that binding clip 210 be driven to realize closure or unclamp.The handle 21 also includes latch mechanism 24, the latch mechanism 24 includes effective model and invalid mode.Under invalid mode, the front handlebar 206 and rear handle 202 can It rotates relative to the arm pivot post 261 and realizes the opening and closing of working head 23；Under effective model, described preceding Hand 206 and rear handle 202 can rotate relative to the arm pivot post 261, and handle 202 is towards front handlebar 206 after permission Close up and handle 202 is opened away from front handlebar 206 after limiting, as lock function；It is rotated when applying outer power drive trigger shaft, Handle 202 is opened away from front handlebar after permission, as unlocking function.

Those skilled in the art is to be understood that in laparoscopic surgery, due to the limitation of operative space, operative doctor It is frequently necessary to for a long time with difficult gesture operation instrument, doctor is easy fatigue, or even induces arthritis, the risks such as scapulohumeral periarthritis. Therefore meet ergonomics or the laparoscope hand-held apparatus for mankind's Ergonomy (Ergonomics), can support a variety of grippings Gimmick reduces extreme operation posture and the sense that lessens fatigue, is even more important.It is published about the relevant mankind's function of laparoscopic surgery It is many to imitate the correlative study learned: representational research includes being published in Journal of Healthcare Engineering No. 4 the 587-603 pages of volume 3 of a review of the ergonomic issues in the in 2012 Laparoscopic operating rom details mankind's Ergonomy harm of laparoscopic surgical instruments, other more parts of documents In also refer to the both effectiveness defect of the mankind and its harm of hysteroscope instrument, but do not provide solution.It is published in Journal 2001 years of of laparoendoscopic&advanced surgical techniques volume 11 the 1st Technical report,new ergonomic design criteria for handles of laparoscopic Some human efficiency subject's evaluation measures are listed in dissection forceps, however its evaluation measures is confined to based on human body Surveying counts the decreased food size obtained, finger loop size design suggestion, and rough giving and evaluates existing handle The method that difference holds experience, however do not provide design recommendation relevant for functional performance or hint.

Ergonomics is an extremely complex subject, according to international ergonomics association (IEA) definition, Ergonomics be one " anatomy of the research people in certain working environment, physiology and in terms of it is various because Element；Study the interaction of people and machine and environment；Research people is at work, how family life neutralization unified consider when having a holiday Working efficiency, the health of people, safety and it is comfortable the problems such as subject.However up to the present, few in disclosed patented technology It is disclosed about laparoscope hand-held apparatus ergonomic applications case or correlative study.The utility model uses ergonomics Principle is proposed using the test and statistical research of the interdisciplinary studies such as anthropometry, biomethanics, time and work sutdy A kind of laparoscope hand-held apparatus that meeting ergonomics and its design method, application method.

Briefly, surgical instrument 20 is substantially carried out subregion by the utility model as shown in Figure 5: defining arm pivot post 261 224 center position length of thumb circle to rear handle 202 is D, and lengthening bar portion 22 includes first axle 1000, crosses arm pivot post 261 are arranged second axis 2000 with 1000 vertical direction of first axle, and the first axle 1000 and second axis 2000 intersect In intersection point 1001, intersection point 1001 is turned along 1000 proximate direction of first axle and along second axis 2000 by intersection point to handle The square area that length is D is arranged in axis direction, by square area along 1000 liang of equal parts (D/2) of first axle, along the second axis 2000 trisection of line (D/3) is set as the region A1, the region A2, the region A3 and the region B1, the region B2, the region B3.Need more into What one step was pointed out, aforementioned " 224 center position length of thumb circle of arm pivot post 261 to rear handle 202 is D ", the specific value of D It is not definite value, numerical value changes in a lesser section.Experimental study is carried out based on anthropometry and biomechanical principle Obtaining optimal D value section with statistics is 60≤D≤70 (unit: millimeter).

The hand-type of different crowd and different gripping gimmicks in order to balance in a kind of optional scheme, are arranged in the region A1 Control effective model and when invalid mode switching state the first button 237, setting trigger 205 in the region A2, A3 sets in region Middle finger pressing area is set, while runner 214 is set in the region B1.In another preferred technical solution, first button 237 settings are arranged in the region A1 in the corresponding region A1 of handle 21, the second button 237a along second axis 2000 and described first The position symmetric position A1-1 for the plane that axis 1000 is formed, operating the first button 237 or the second button 237a can control The switching of handle 21 realization effective model and invalid mode.

The working principle of button, trigger and roller position design is described more particularly below.Such as Fig. 6-8, when using finger gripping When enforcing the law, by taking the operation of the right hand of operative doctor as an example, the third finger passes through the preceding finger loop 262, and middle finger is attached to preceding finger loop The region A3 of 262 upside, index finger can flexibly control the region A1, the region A2 or the region B1.The index finger is in the region A1 Mainly play the role of along proximate, or the first button of promotion 237 of distal end proximally, the region A2 primarily serve by Voltage-controlled trigger processed 205 is primarily served in the region B1 and is fiddled with the effect of rotating wheel 214 along 214 direction of rotation of runner.

Further, when being enforced the law using finger gripping, index finger reaches the region B1 and is substantially at straight configuration.In stretching shape The index finger of state does push action or does front and back pushing action along 1000 direction of first axle in the region B1, it has not been convenient to force hair Power, therefore status button should not be set.Index finger comfortably can do rotary dial fortune along 214 direction of rotation of runner in the region B1 It is dynamic.For index finger at the region A1 and the region A2, finger is in bending state, it is possible to comfortably be pressed or be pushed and is dynamic Make.By the setting of the first button 237 in the region A1, and trigger 205 is arranged in the region A2, and runner 214 is arranged in the region B1, this Kind of setting so that index finger can easily stir with rotating wheel 214, while the first button 237 can easily be pushed to realize effective mould The switching of formula and invalid mode, while easily can press or pull the switching that trigger 205 realizes lock state and unlocked state. Those skilled in the art is to be understood that surgical field especially endoscope-assistant surgery field, and the index finger of operative doctor is logical It is commonly referred to as index finger, selection of the index finger usually not as output operating force operation handle, index finger is commonly used to control Instrument direction or switching state button etc..Aforementioned various states, the switching or operation of function are quite frequent, and in abdominal cavity In videoendoscopic surgery, due to the eyes of operative doctor usually will be close concern front horizontal direction monitor, and sight of bowing of having no time Oneself manipulation hand or patient region are examined, therefore the switching manipulation convenience of this various states is extremely important.

As shown in figure 9, when the right hand of operative doctor is enforced the law by finger gripping and switches to palm grip method, surgeon Palm be adjacent to the side of the scissorstype handle 21, thumb pins the pressing from both sides rear handle 202 to side of scissorstype handle 21 Tightly in palm, a U-shaped clamping is formed.At this point, stirring of still can be convenient of its index finger and rotating wheel 214, simultaneously It easily can press or pull the switching that trigger 205 realizes lock state and unlocked state；At this time since the clamping of palm stops, Index finger can not operate the first button 237 of switching state in the region A1, however the thumb of operative doctor is just pressed in A1- at this time 1 region, therefore can easily push the switching of the second button 237a realization effective model and invalid mode.

In the preferred technical solution of the utility model, first button 237 and the second button 237a are relative to along The plane that two axis 2000 and the first axle 1000 are formed it is substantially symmetric, those skilled in the art should be easy to manage Solution, this symmetric relation make doctor with left-hand finger clinch or palm grip method operation instrument 20, use with the right hand The operation of the surgical instrument 20 of the utility model is substantially equivalent, therefore repeats no more.

In conclusion the positional relationship of the first button described in the utility model, the second button, trigger and runner is arranged, The index finger when right hand (left hand) finger gripping is enforced the law can be met simultaneously and be conveniently accomplished runner rotation, effective model and invalid mode are cut It changes, lock state and unlocked state switching.Index finger, which is conveniently accomplished, when can also meet the right hand (left hand) palm grip method simultaneously turns Wheel rotation, lock state and unlocked state switching, thumb complete the switching of effective model and invalid mode.Moreover, this position The setting of relationship, can also meet simultaneously finger gripping enforce the law and finger gripping enforce the law between facilitate switching.Its advantages can be simple Summary description are as follows: can only rely on the touch feedback of operative doctor, convenient and efficient progress finger gripping enforces the law and palm grip method Transformation conveniently operates runner rotation, effective model and invalid mode switching, lock state and unlocked state switching.

Studies have shown that up to the present, there are no patented technologies or document to disclose laparoscope device described in the utility model Tool and its design method, application method.Also without any enterprise, group or personal disclosure, or production, or sale the utility model The laparoscopic instrument.It is disclosed in the prior art, common laparoscopic surgical instruments by its latch mechanism state switching presses Button setting the region B1 (such as U.S. Utility Patent US5626608 disclose structure), it is similar with this patented technology Mass production, and the laparoscopic surgical instruments (such as with laparoscope grasping forceps series of Auto Suture brand sale) used, will Latch mechanism status button is arranged in the region B1, is enforced the law when operating this kind of instrument using finger gripping, effective model and invalid mode The comfort of switching is not good enough, and is inconvenient to support the effective model under palm grip method and invalid mode switching.It is another normal The laparoscopic surgical instruments seen are locked/unlock trigger and are arranged in the region B2 and only comprising lock state and invalid state two State (such as U.S. Utility Patent US6117158 disclose structure), the mass production similar with this patented technology and Use laparoscopic surgical instruments (such as with ENDOPATH brand sale laparoscope grasping forceps series), be locked/unlock by Button is arranged in the region B2, is enforced the law using finger gripping or when palm grip method operates be inconvenient to carry out the correlation of lock function and switches. Another common laparoscopic surgical instruments will lock locking/unlocking trigger and be arranged in the region A3 and press invalidating pattern switching In the region A2, (such as U.S. Utility Patent US8551077, S. Utility application US20060004406 are draped over one's shoulders for button setting The structure of dew), the mass production similar with this patented technology, and the laparoscopic surgical instruments used are (such as with CLICKline The laparoscope grasping forceps series of brand sale), lock locking/unlocking trigger is arranged in the region A3 and presses invalidating pattern switching Button is arranged in the region A2.This design need to usually carry out lock locking/unlocking switching with middle finger operating trigger, be grasped with middle finger or index finger Make button and carry out invalidating pattern switching, operates and switch uncomfortable.It is important to note that being arranged trigger in A3 Region may cause inconvenience.Most common problem mainly includes that, when the instrument is in the lock state, no matter is operative doctor It is that finger gripping is enforced the law or palm grip method, when operation instrument (nipper) clamps organ or tissue and pulls mobile, middle finger is almost It requires easily to touch trigger for assisting force under this state, lead to false triggering, so that instrument is unexpectedly from lock state It is switched to unlocked state, organ or tissue is caused to slip, causes clinical use inconvenient, or even induce malpractice.

As Figure 10-17 depicts the Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes of latch mechanism 24.As shown in figures 10-14, the latch mechanism 24 includes and pulls Machine 205 and the cantilever 226 being linked together with rear handle 202.The cantilever 226 is outstanding comprising what is outwardly protruded from rear handle 202 Arm body 223 and cantilever distal end 227.The cantilever 223 is set as arcuate structure, including cantilever inner wall 229 and cantilever outer wall 228, the shape of the cantilever inner wall 229 and cantilever outer wall 228 is substantially the center of circle along arm pivot post 261 from 202 junction of handle Extend the cantilever 223 into composition isocentric circular arc.The cantilever outer wall 228 is close to several first lock teeth of distal portions setting 225, by cantilever distal end 227, proximally inclination extends the first lock tooth 225.223 material of cantilever include and rear handle 202 carry out the plastic material of integrated injection molding, are also possible to other semi-rigid or rigid material even flexible materials and are made.It is described Latch mechanism 24 also includes button assembly 25, elastic element 250 and locking bolt 204, the trigger 205, elastic element 250, locking bolt 204 It is installed along in the front handlebar 206 with button assembly 25.The elastic element 250 drives locking bolt 204 and trigger 205 pressing It realizes and resets after pressure.Second lock tooth 243 of the first lock tooth 225 and locking bolt 204 that the trigger 205 controls cantilever 226 cooperates reality Existing locking and unlocking.

As shown in figs. 10-12, the button assembly 25 includes button sliding block 203 and the first button 237 and the second button 237a.The button block 203 includes the slide body 230 with limiting slot 231, and the slide body 230 includes slider side wall 234 (235) and limited block 233.The slider side wall 234 (235) and limited block 233 limit limiting slot 231 together.It is described Slider side wall 234 (235) extends outward the button mounting post fixed with the first button 237 and the second button 237a cooperation 232, push the first button 237 or the second button 237a to can be used for driving the button sliding block 203 from distally proximally sliding Or proximally slided to distal end, and then the trigger 205 is pushed to rotate, realize the switching of effective model and invalid mode.It is described First button 237 includes the fricting strip 238 with cambered surface, can be convenient finger force.

As shown in figure 13, the trigger 205 includes trigger shaft hole 258 and the trigger shaft connecting with front handlebar 206 269, the first cam surface 251, the second cam surface 255 and finger buckle 259.The trigger 205 includes the trigger for being substantially in crescent shape Body 254, the setting of the first cam surface 251 is in 254 side of trigger body, and finger buckle 259 is arranged in 254 other side of trigger body. The trigger shaft hole 258 is arranged between the first cam surface 251 and finger buckle 259 through the trigger body 254.Described first Cam surface 251 includes cam curve section 253 and cam planarea 252.When promoting button component 25 is proximally mobile to distal end, The limited block 233 of the button assembly 25 is distinguished with the cam curve section 253 and cam planarea 252 of the first cam surface 251 It is engaged, and then the rotation of trigger 205 is pushed to realize that effective model switches to invalid mode.Second cam surface 255 is along institute The side for stating trigger body 254 extends outwardly, and second cam surface 255 is with locking bolt described in 205 rotation forces of trigger 204, which lock tooth 225 with the first of the cantilever 226, realizes locking and unlocking.

As shown in figure 14, the locking bolt 204 includes the second lock tooth cooperated with the first lock tooth 225 of the cantilever 226 243, locking bolt shaft hole 244, third cam surface 241 and spring-compressed face 242 and locking bolt body 240.The locking bolt body 240 is substantially L-shaped, the locking bolt shaft hole 244 is arranged in 240 one end of locking bolt body, and the third cam surface 241 and spring-compressed face 242 are set Set two planes of symmetry in 240 other end of locking bolt body.The second lock tooth 243 is from third cam surface 241 to the locking bolt body 240 Both ends extend outwardly to the intermediate position that crosses.204 material of locking bolt includes rigid material, such as metal material, thermosetting Property plastic material, also may include that semi-rigid type is made.When trigger 205 255 property of can choose of the second cam surface with it is described The third cam surface 241 of locking bolt 204 contacts, and applies finger buckle 259 described in outer power drive and the trigger 205 is turned around trigger Axis 269 rotates clockwise, and the second cam surface 255 drives the locking bolt 204 to do clockwise rotation, spring-compressed face 242 Compression spring element 250 separates the second lock tooth 243 of the locking bolt 204 with the first lock tooth 225 of cantilever 226, handle after permission Hand 206 opens and closes up away from front handlebar 202, is at this time unlocking function.

The front handlebar 206 for installing fixed latch mechanism 24 is depicted as shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Figure 15-16.The front handlebar 206 It further include front handlebar lid 209 engaged therewith.The front handlebar 206 removes preceding 262 part of finger loop, big with front handlebar lid 209 It causes to be in symmetrical structure.In the substantially region A1-1 and the region A1, the front handlebar lid 209 and front handlebar 206 are symmetrically arranged One sliding slot 297 and second sliding slot 267, the first sliding groove 297 and second sliding slot 267 limit the button sliding block 203 along the chute Direction is moved back and forth.In the present embodiment, the first sliding groove 297 and second sliding slot 267 are long and narrow sliding slots, the long and narrow cunning The direction of slot is basically parallel to the lengthening bar portion 22, and it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art the first sliding grooves 297 and Two sliding slots 267 may be set to be arc chute.As it was noted above, index finger is at the region A1 and the region A2, finger is in Bending state, it is possible to pressing or pushing action are comfortably carried out, and index finger is pushed using arc and is not so good as straight line side in experience To promotion it is comfortable.

In the substantially region A1 and A2, the front handlebar 206 includes arm pivot post 261 and trigger shaft 269 fixed thereto And locking bolt shaft 266, the arm pivot post 261, trigger shaft 269 and locking bolt shaft 266 can be set to independent part with The installation of front handlebar 206 is fixed, and a part can also be molded into front handlebar 206.The front handlebar lid 209 and arm pivot post 261 Fixed column 291 (299) are set with 269 corresponding position of trigger shaft.A kind of optional technical solution, trigger 205 turn comprising trigger The trigger shaft hole 269 of axis 269, the trigger shaft 269 and trigger 205 is arranged to an entirety, the front handlebar lid 209 with Shaft hole is arranged in 206 corresponding position of front handlebar.In the substantially region B1 and its symmetrical region, the front handlebar 206 is also comprising distal end The runner mounting groove 265 of position, the front handlebar lid 209 include runner mounting groove 295.The runner mounting groove 265 (295) one Restriction runner is played to make rotating motion in slot.The front handlebar 206 and front handlebar lid 209 include 202 cantilever 226 of handle after accommodating By cantilever groove 263 (293), the cantilever groove 263 (293) forms complete cantilever opening, and the cantilever opening size is big In 226 outer dimension of cantilever, and when cantilever 226 is rotated around arm pivot post 261, does not contact with the cantilever groove 263 (293).Substantially The region A2, the front handlebar 206 include trigger channel 268, and the front handlebar lid 209 is correspondingly arranged trigger channel 298 for holding Trigger 205 of receiving makes rotating motion.In the region A2 close region, spring groove 271 and spring retainer muscle is arranged in the front handlebar 206 273, the front handlebar lid 209 is correspondingly arranged spring groove 272 and spring retainer muscle 274, the spring groove 271 (272) and spring Limit rib 273 (274) and spring-compressed face 242 limit spring element 250 either unlocking function or lock function together When all in compressive state.

As the careful latch mechanism 24 that depicts of Fig. 5 and Figure 17-20 switches between effective model and invalid mode.Work as finger Clinch, for the right hand operation of operative doctor, the third finger passes through the preceding finger loop 262, and middle finger is attached to preceding finger loop The region A3 of 262 upside, index finger can flexibly control the region A1, the region A2 or the region B1.When surgical instrument 20 needs When being rapidly performed by closure and opening operation, typically such as at this moment just need when operation on gallbladder carries out blood vessel exfoliation by hand Art instrument 20 is switched to invalid mode by effective model.The index finger is in the region A1 by along proximate promoting button component 25 The first button 237 it is mobile, first button 237 drives button block 203 along the first sliding groove 297 and second sliding slot 267 It is mobile.203 limited block 233 of button block interacts with first cam surface 251, and the trigger 205 is driven to surround Trigger shaft 269 rotates clockwise, and the second cam surface 255 drives the third cam surface 241 of the locking bolt 204 to rotate clockwise Movement, 242 compression spring element 250 of spring-compressed face make the second of the locking bolt 204 the first lock for locking tooth 243 and cantilever 226 Tooth 225 disengages, the free opening and closing of handle 202 after permission.When limited block 233 is moved to the cam of first cam surface 251 When planarea 252, the trigger 205 forms self-locking with the button block 203, and the elastic element 250, which is compressed, not to be capable of resetting. Latch mechanism 24 is switched to invalid mode by effective model at this time, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art, under invalid mode, by It is in discrete state always in the second lock tooth 243 and the first lock tooth 225, so the front handlebar 206 and rear handle of handle 21 202 can be convenient closed up and opened, meet the needs for the tissue removed and sheared when finger gripping is enforced the law.And work as Operative doctor, which is enforced the law using the right hand by finger gripping, to be switched palm grip method and carries out pulling organ or tissue energetically and when realizing occlusion, At this moment it just needs surgical instrument 20 being switched to effective model by invalid mode.The palm of surgeon is adjacent to the scissors The side of type handle 21, thumb pin scissorstype handle 21 rear handle 202 is clamped in palm to side, form one U-shaped clamping.Since the clamping of palm stops, index finger is unable to control the first button 237 of switching state in the region A1, and at this time Just thumb press is in the region A1-1, it is possible to carry out the second button 237a of convenient promotion distally proximally by thumb Movement is pushed, the second button 237a drives button block 203 to move along the first sliding groove 297 and second sliding slot 267.It is described 203 limited block 233 of button block interacts with first cam surface 251, drives the trigger 205 around trigger shaft 269 rotations counterclockwise, in the process, the trigger 205 and locking bolt 204 do resetting movement under the action of elastic element 250, The elastic element 250 drives locking bolt 204 to do counter-clockwise rotary motion, and third cam surface 241 drives the trigger 205 around institute Trigger shaft 269 is stated to rotate counterclockwise, so that the first lock tooth 225 and the second lock tooth 243 are mutually twisted, handle after permission 202 close up and handle 202 is opened away from front handlebar after limiting towards front handlebar 206；At this point, operative doctor can pass through first Lock tooth 225 and the second lock tooth 243 are mutually twisted and realize 23 snap-lock of working head, avoid clamping for a long time and firmly cause hand The fatigue of the palm.No matter it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art mutually switch between above-mentioned effective model and invalid mode It is to be enforced the law using finger gripping or when palm grip method, singlehanded can freely be operated.

In addition, the operative doctor when lefthanded is completed mutually to switch between above-mentioned effective model and invalid mode When operation, whole operation process is similar, difference mainly the right hand carry out finger gripping enforce the law when, what index finger was stirred be first by Button 237, when using palm grip method, that thumb is stirred is the second button 237a；And left hand carries out finger gripping when enforcing the law, index finger is dialled That dynamic is the second button 237a, and when using palm grip method, what thumb was stirred is the first button 237.Those skilled in the art It should be understood that on the one hand can be made by the way that the first button 237 and the second button 237a is arranged in the region A1 of handle 21 and A1-1 Operative doctor is in different surgical environments, for example needs to be rapidly performed by the strip operation or prolonged of closure and opening Organ operation etc. is pulled, can easily carry out mutually switching between effective model and invalid mode using the same hand, be not required to Want an other hand carry out cooperation or other people carry out cooperation complete operation；On the other hand either right-handed or a left side are also met The operative doctor that is operated of hand habit can a hand realize the mutual switching of effective model and invalid mode.

Such as Fig. 5, Figure 13-14 and Figure 19-22 it is careful depict latch mechanism 24 under effective model, lock function and unlock Switching between function.The first button 237 or the second button 237a for first confiring that handle 21 are in proximal location, i.e. surgical device Tool 20 is under effective model.As shown in figures 15-18, it when needing to carry out pulling organ energetically for a long time, is adopted with operative doctor With being sketched for palm grip method.The palm of surgeon is adjacent to the side of the scissorstype handle 21, thumb Scissorstype handle 21 rear handle 202 is clamped in palm to side is pinned, a U-shaped clamping is formed, rear handle 202 is made For fixed handle, little finger of toe is pressed on the support arm 264 of the front handlebar 206, and the third finger passes through the preceding finger loop 262, Its middle finger is attached to the upper side position of the preceding finger loop 262, and by middle finger, nameless and little finger of toe is exerted oneself together, drives front handlebar Closing up for handle 21 is realized in 206 rotations, and then realizes working head 23 and closure clamping.In the process, front handlebar 206 is by remote Clockwise rotary motion is proximally done at end, and the rear handle 202 does rotary motion counterclockwise, institute relative to front handlebar 206 It states cantilever 226 and drives the first lock tooth 225 along the first lock tooth 225 and the second lock 242 side of separation of tooth around the rotation of arm pivot post 261 To sliding.Often close up complete first lock, 225 distance of tooth, the second lock tooth 242 of trigger 205 is the of the cantilever 226 One lock tooth 225 squeezes to be rotated clockwise under driving, 250 mild compression of elastic element, when the first lock tooth 225 crosses the second lock 242 moment of tooth, 250 Rapid reset of elastic element, trigger rotate counterclockwise, and the first lock tooth 225 and the second lock recovery of tooth 242 are stung It closes, therefore during handle 202 and front handlebar 206 close up, the first lock tooth 225 and the second lock tooth 242 are stung by tooth separation It closes.Once stopping closing movement, due to the elastic element 250 compressed reaction force driving the first lock tooth 225 and second It locks tooth 242 to be engaged, handle 202 is opened away from front handlebar 206 after limitation, realizes 23 snap-lock of working head, is avoided for a long time Clamping firmly cause the fatigue of palm.

As shown in Figure 13 and Figure 21-22, when needing to unlock operation, by operative doctor using for palm grip method into Row summary.The palm of surgeon is adjacent to the side of the scissorstype handle 21, and thumb pins scissorstype handle 21 Rear handle 202 is clamped in palm by side, forms a U-shaped clamping, rear handle 202 is used as fixed handle, and little finger of toe is pressed It is pressed on the support arm 264 of the front handlebar 206, the third finger passes through the preceding finger loop 262, and middle finger is attached to the remote holder Refer to the upper side position of circle 262, finger buckle 259 described in outer power drive is applied by index finger pressing first and is rotated clockwise, the hand Refer to that button 259 rotates clockwise second cam surface 255 around trigger shaft 259, the driving of the second cam surface 255 lock Bolt 204 rotates clockwise, so that the second lock tooth 243 and the first lock tooth 225 disengage, handle 202 deviates from preceding after permission Hand 206 opens, as unlocking function.In the case where keeping index finger to press 205 state of trigger, the handle 202 and front handlebar 206 Can freely it be closed up and opening operation.When index finger unclamps the finger buckle 259, the trigger 205 is in elastic element It automatically resets under the action of 250, the second lock tooth 243 is engaged with the first lock tooth 225, becomes lock function from unlocking function at this time.

The many different embodiments and example of the utility model are had shown and described.One of this field is common Technical staff, under the premise of not departing from the scope of the utility model, by it is suitably modified the method and instrument can be made it is suitable Answering property is improved.Several kinds of amendment schemes are referred, and for those skilled in the art, other amendment schemes are also can With what is expected.Therefore the scope of the utility model should according to accessory claim, while be understood not to by specification and The particular content of the structure that attached drawing shows and records, material or behavior is limited.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of surgical instrument for improving latch mechanism includes distal end working head, proximal handle and the extension bar extended therebetween Portion；The handle includes front handlebar, rear handle and the arm pivot post for connecting it, and the front handlebar and rear handle can be relative to institutes Arm pivot post is stated to rotate；The working head includes a pair of of binding clip and the driving mechanism being attached thereto；The extension bar Portion includes runner, outer bar portion and draw-in bar, and the outer bar portion and runner are fixed together and are mounted in front handlebar, the interior drawing Bar one end is connect with the driving mechanism and its other end is connect with rear handle, which is characterized in that

1) handle also includes latch mechanism, and the latch mechanism includes effective model and invalid mode；

2) latch mechanism includes the cantilever being linked together with rear handle, and the cantilever includes multiple first lock teeth；

3) latch mechanism also includes the locking bolt being mounted in front handlebar, trigger, button and elastic element；The locking bolt include with The second lock tooth that the first lock tooth matches；The trigger includes trigger shaft, the first cam surface, the second cam surface and finger Button；

4) button and first cam surface interact, and the trigger is driven to rotate around trigger shaft, realize lock machine Structure switches between effective model and invalid mode；

5) when the latch mechanism is effective model, the elastic element drives the trigger to rotate around the trigger shaft, So that the first lock tooth and the second lock tooth are mutually twisted, after permission handle close up towards front handlebar and before handle deviates from after limiting Handle opens, as lock function；Applying finger buckle described in outer power drive rotates the trigger around trigger shaft, described Second cam surface squeezes the locking bolt, so that the second lock tooth and the first lock tooth disengage, handle is away from front handlebar after permission It opens, as unlocking function.

2. surgical instrument as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the button includes the first button and the second button, institute It states the first button and the second button is separately mounted to two sides of the front handlebar.

3. surgical instrument as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the front handlebar includes through the long and narrow of two side Sliding slot, first button and the second button can slide in the long and narrow sliding slot.

4. surgical instrument as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the direction of the long and narrow sliding slot is basically parallel to described add Long bar portion.

5. surgical instrument as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the rear side of runner is arranged in the long and narrow sliding slot, and full Foot is following to be required: left or right hand is enforced the law using finger gripping when operating the handle, group that the index finger of the hand of operation can be convenient Move one of button；When left or right hand operates the handle using palm grip method, the thumb of the hand of operation be can be convenient Stir one of button.

6. surgical instrument as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the front handlebar includes the arc through two side Sliding slot, first button and the second button can rotate in the arc chute.