CN208538365U - The arm of force measures teaching aid - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the arm of forces to measure teaching aid, including the dynamometer being mounted on the lever when fulcrum being located on rack, the lever being installed on the fulcrum and measurement, be characterized in that, install moment arm measuring instrument on the fulcrum；The moment arm measuring instrument is the L shape corner board structure constituted that intersected vertically by baseline rod and measuring rod, there is the tag line for representing the position of power on the baseline rod, the measuring rod is equipped with the adjustment sliding slot through the fulcrum, and is capable of the graduation mark of real-time display arm of force size.The utility model scientific structure design is simple and direct, it operates nimble reliable, no matter the direction of active force and lever are in any angle, the arm of force of the power on any direction can easily be measured, learn and understand the arm of force convenient for student, so that student is smoothly completed inquiry experiment, and experiences oneself and generality, more reliable while more complete, the accurately understanding arm of force concept are had more by the conclusion that experiment obtains.

Description

The arm of force measures teaching aid

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of teaching aids, specifically, be one kind facilitate student study understand the arm of force and probe into it is general The arm of force all over rule measures teaching aid, belongs to teaching aid technical field of structures.

Background technique

In the line teaching practice of many years, discovery student is difficult to solve for the study and understanding of lever arm of force there are following The problem of.

(1) to lever arm of force concept understanding be always study difficult point, and understand the arm of force be learn lever element it One, student rests in abstract thinking the understanding of the arm of force, and needs " abstract " is " image ", this is the utility model arm of force One of design reasons of measuring instrument.

(2) it probes into the experiment of lever equilibrium condition, original laboratory apparatus can be only done lever and be in a horizontal position and power Direction with lever probing into when vertical, and when lever obliquity balance or power direction and lever out of plumb, at this time The arm of force be a distance in space, student is unable to measure, therefore the case where can not probe into more kinds of lever balances, causes Experiment conclusion does not have generality and usually has to keep student not comprehensive enough to the understanding of lever and think inclined lever not The wrong understandings such as balance, this is two and most important reason the reason of proposing the utility model moment arm measuring instrument.

(3) first step of experiment for probing into lever equilibrium condition is to allow lever to balance in horizontal position, and student is usually It is that rule of thumb whether estimation lever is horizontal, is unfavorable for accurately completing experiment.

For these reasons, the arm of force measurement teaching aid of the utility model is proposed.

Summary of the invention

The utility model is intended to provide a kind of become and is abstracted as image, can be taught by student's arm of force measurement that practical operation measures personally Tool.It is more simple and direct practical that the arm of force measures teaching aid structure, and can arbitrarily change the direction of power and the direction of lever, measures any The arm of force of power on one direction, having broken conventional fixtures, the measurement arm of force can only allow power perpendicular to lever for convenience, and can only The narrow impression of the arm of force is directly read on lever.

To reach the above technical effect, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is as follows:

The arm of force measures teaching aid, when including the fulcrum 1 being located on rack, the lever 2 being installed on the fulcrum 1 and measurement The dynamometer 5 being mounted on the lever 2, is characterized in that, goes back on the fulcrum 1 while being equipped with 3 He of moment arm measuring instrument Level meter 4；

The moment arm measuring instrument 3 is the L shape corner board structure constituted that intersected vertically by baseline rod 3-1 and measuring rod 3-2, described There is the tag line 3-1a of the position for representing power, the measuring rod 3-2, which is equipped with, runs through the fulcrum on baseline rod 3-1 1 adjustment sliding slot 3-2a, and it is capable of the graduation mark 3-2b of real-time display arm of force size；

The baseline rod 3-1 is identical with the length of measuring rod 3-2；

The level meter 4 is an equilateral right angle triangle structure, with fulcrum mounting hole 4-1 and pendant bracing wire hole 4-2, institute It states at the center of fulcrum mounting hole 4-1, the center of the pendant bracing wire hole 4-2 and the right-angled apices of the level meter 4 this 3 points In on same straight line；The level meter 4 is installed on fulcrum 1 via the fulcrum mounting hole 4-1, in the pendant bracing wire hole 4-2 It is equipped with the pendant bracing wire 4-3 that end draws object 4-4 with pendant.

The moment arm measuring instrument 3 and level meter 4 are respectively arranged in the front and rear sides of the lever 2；

The moment arm measuring instrument 3 can according to need setting two；

Adjustment sliding slot 3-2a and graduation mark 3-2b on the measuring rod 3-2 is parallel to each other, and with the baseline rod 3-1 On tag line 3-1a be mutually perpendicular in space, there are graduation mark 3-2b in the positive and negative two sides of the measuring rod 3-2；

The start-stop both ends of the adjustment sliding slot 3-2a separately design the semi arch knot to match with the outer profile of fulcrum shaft The centre point side of structure, starting point is aligned with the zero graduation of graduation mark 3-2b, the inner clip of the other side and the L shape corner board structure Angular vertex alignment, that is, adjust starting centre point, the zero graduation of graduation mark and the within angle top of moment arm measuring instrument 3 of sliding slot 3-2a This 3 points of point is kept on the same line；

The sliding slot diameter of the moment arm measuring instrument 3 is consistent with the aperture of fulcrum mounting hole 4-1 of the level meter 4.

It is to hang object from above with predetermined weight that the pendant, which draws object 4-4,.

The tag line 3-1a is the vivid readily identified adhesive tape of color.

The moment arm measuring instrument 3 and level meter 4 are made using hard materials such as wooden, PP material or acrylics.

The arm of force of the utility model measures teaching aid, and scientific structure design is simple and direct, operates nimble reliable, no matter acts on The direction of power and lever are in any angle, can easily measure the arm of force of the power on any direction, learn convenient for student and manage The arm of force is solved, student is made to smoothly complete inquiry experiment, and experiences the conclusion that oneself is obtained by experiment and has more generality, more may be used It leans on, while more complete, the accurately understanding arm of force the concept.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1: the utility model arm of force measures teaching aid structure schematic diagram；

Fig. 2: scheme of installation of the level meter on teaching aid；

Fig. 3: erection sequence schematic diagram；

Fig. 4: moment arm measuring instrument structural schematic diagram；

Fig. 5: level construction schematic diagram；

Fig. 6: upward measuring state schematic diagram；

Fig. 7: measuring state figure when lever tilts；

1, fulcrum in the figure, 1-1, washer, 2, lever, 3, moment arm measuring instrument, 3-1, baseline rod, 3-1a, tag line, 3- 2, measuring rod, 3-2a, adjustment sliding slot, 3-2b, graduation mark, 4, level meter, 4-1, fulcrum mounting hole, 4-2, pendant bracing wire hole, 4-3, Bracing wire is fallen, 4-4, pendant draw object, 5, dynamometer, 6, nut, 7, fixing clamp, 8, hook code.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with attached drawing, specific embodiment of the present utility model is provided, further to the structure group of the utility model At and principle effect detailed description.

The production of 1 arm of force of embodiment measurement teaching aid

One, producing principle

Mounting when structure member includes the fulcrum 1 being located on rack, the lever 2 being installed on the fulcrum 1 and measurement Dynamometer 5 on the lever 2 also while being equipped with moment arm measuring instrument 3 and level meter 4 on the fulcrum 1；

The producing principle of moment arm measuring instrument is the definition based on the arm of force: the arm of force is the distance of the position from fulcrum to power.

The producing principle of level meter is made straight down using gravity direction.Its role is to facilitate observation, determination Whether lever is horizontal, while students' response is to the application of gravity direction.

Arm of force measurement teaching aid is the definition production based on the above-mentioned arm of force, and structure design is as follows:

The moment arm measuring instrument 3 is the L shape corner board structure constituted that intersected vertically by baseline rod 3-1 and measuring rod 3-2, described Baseline rod 3-1 is identical with the length of measuring rod 3-2, and 3/5ths of about mating lever length.Have on the baseline rod 3-1 There are the tag line 3-1a, the measuring rod 3-2 of the position for representing power to be equipped with the adjustment sliding slot 3- through the fulcrum 1 2a, and it is capable of the graduation mark 3-2b of real-time display arm of force size；The level meter 4 is an equilateral right angle triangle structure, With fulcrum mounting hole 4-1 and pendant bracing wire hole 4-2, the center of the fulcrum mounting hole 4-1, the center for falling bracing wire hole 4-2 And this 3 points of the right-angled apices of the level meter 4 are on same straight line；The level meter 4 is via the fulcrum mounting hole 4- 1 is installed on fulcrum 1, is equipped with the pendant bracing wire 4-3 that end draws object 4-4 with pendant in the pendant bracing wire hole 4-2.The arm of force is surveyed Amount instrument 3 and level meter 4 are respectively arranged in the front and rear sides of the lever 2；Adjustment sliding slot 3-2a and quarter on the measuring rod 3-2 Degree line 3-2b is parallel to each other, and is mutually perpendicular in space with the tag line 3-1a on the baseline rod 3-1；The adjustment is slided The semi arch structure that the start-stop both ends of slot 3-2a separately design to match with the outer profile of fulcrum shaft, the centre point of starting point Side is aligned with the zero graduation of graduation mark 3-2b, and the other side is aligned with the inner clip angular vertex of the L shape corner board structure, i.e. adjustment is slided This 3 points of the inner clip angular vertex of the starting centre point, the zero graduation of graduation mark and moment arm measuring instrument 3 of slot 3-2a is maintained at same On straight line；The sliding slot diameter of the moment arm measuring instrument 3 is consistent with the aperture of fulcrum mounting hole 4-1 of the level meter 4.It is described It is to hang object from above with predetermined weight that pendant, which draws object 4-4,.

Two, making material

Moment arm measuring instrument: the hard materials such as PP material, acrylic, wooden are ok, the adhesive sticker graduated scale of 35cm or so Paster, red adhesive tape.

Level meter: the hard materials such as PP material, acrylic, wooden, soft solid cotton rope, can tether small weight.

Three, specification

1, instrument is squared up using the position of the power relationship vertical with the arm of force；

2, in order to make power direction change when the arm of force can also change correspondingly, devise sliding slot, and sliding slot (is propped up along axis always Point) sliding；

3, in order to read torque arm length, adhesive sticker graduated scale paster is sticked；There are scale in the positive and negative two sides of measuring rod, effect It is: (1) facilitates installation, regardless of positive and negative when the left and right sides is installed；(2) facilitate student that can read from tow sides.

4, the adhesive tape of the position red of power makes mark, conducive to position of the students ' understanding from fulcrum to power away from From, the variation of torque arm length can be obviously observed, by the comparison of power and the size variation of the arm of force, personal experiences power and the arm of force It is inversely proportional.

Four, production method:

Method one: oneself hand cut

Method two: Numerical control cutting

1, the production method of moment arm measuring instrument is made by oneself:

A, such as scheme, take PP material or acrylic board or bakelite plate, be cut into right angle L-type, the length on width L-type both sides can root It is selected according to the length for the lever for selecting collocation；

B, in L-type, wherein upper cutting upper groove, the width of groove are determined according to the thickness of axis on one side, and the axis of lever is facilitated to exist It is slided in groove, can arbitrarily measure the arm of force of all directions；

C, adhesive sticker graduated scale paster is attached to the side of L, the other side sticks red electrical adhesive tape and makes mark, with aobvious The position for showing power, facilitates observation of students.

D, the installation method of side moment arm measuring instrument such as Fig. 1:

2, the production method of level meter is made by oneself

A, material is cut into equilateral right angled triangle, according to the length of lever, selects right-angle side 5cm or so；

B, two holes are made a call to up and down along middle line is equidistant with small drill bit, wherein larger a hole and moment arm measuring instrument and lever Axis is connected, and the size in hole is determined by the thickness of axis, another aperture can be passed through across plumb line.

C, installation method such as Fig. 2:

Five, points for attention are processed:

(1) depending on cutting will be because of material, if selection is easier to the material of cutting, pay attention to neat when cutting, it is proposed that look for special Processing staff process.

(2) if oneself makes, wallpaper knife starts firmly gently first to draw straight line, then draw down gradually when drawing Increase dynamics is easy to draw a straight line in this way, and it is neat to cut out comparison, is otherwise easy to sideslip.

Six, installation process

Fig. 3 is the scheme of installation of the utility model arm of force measurement teaching aid, and fulcrum 1 uses long nut, long nut in the figure Screw rod end be sequentially installed with washer 1-1, level meter 4, lever 2 and two moment arm measuring instruments 3 from front to back, wherein two power Between arm measure instrument 3 and between moment arm measuring instrument 3 and lever 2 between be separated with nut 6, the least significant end of long nut is equipped with solid Clamp 7.

Seven, experiment teaching effect

(1) scene positive in this way on classroom is seldom seen, and moment arm measuring instrument greatly improves the product of student's study Polarity, excites the creativity of student significantly, student from different directions on make lever balance, brain hole is opened greatly, and classmates are in this way Survey survey, like that survey, the most bad classmate of school grade has also been added to probe into cooperation during, greatly transfer Interest, develops the divergent thinking of student.

(2) creativity of student, which has been excited, comes out, and the lever balance of the default obliquity that may be demonstrated by me is learned Be born from master to complete, and perfectly show classmate, this before the class I be unexpected.Innovation is based on having tradition, he Fusion undoubtedly make the relationship for having experienced the arm of force and power and the arm of force of student image, excite student divergent thinking and The unlimited possibility of innovation.

(3) 5 difficult points being arranged in experimental teaching content are smoothly broken very much, and student is become the understanding of the arm of force by abstract Obtain vivid, clear, thorough, power and the arm of force to be more inversely proportional than previous traditional experiment relationship displaying perfection.

Eight, points for attention are tested

1, this set equipment is suitble to use along the lever that fixed axis rotates.

2, the moment arm measuring instrument of the materials such as PP production will be placed after use saves in the horizontal plane, is otherwise easily deformed, The material with high hardness such as acrylic does not have to concern.

If 3, PP material deforms, it can suitably be heated with the hot wind of hair dryer and be laid flat face again and fix pressing.

If 4, one of power utilizes the gravity of hook code 8, and another power is the pulling force of weight beam 5, then only needs one Experiment can be completed in people；If completing operation using two weight beams simultaneously, two people cooperation is needed, therefore also can preferably cultivate The ability to cooperate of classmates.

Embodiment 2

The arm of force measurement teaching aid of the present embodiment refers to Fig. 7, difference from example 1 is that, the moment arm measuring instrument 3 There are two settings, is mounted on the rear side of lever 2, is spaced between two moment arm measuring instruments by nut 6.

Claims (10)

1. the arm of force measures teaching aid, including the fulcrum (1) being located on rack, the lever (2) being installed on the fulcrum (1) and survey The dynamometer (5) being mounted on when amount on the lever (2), it is characterised in that: be also equipped with moment arm measuring instrument on the fulcrum (1) (3)；

The moment arm measuring instrument (3) is intersected vertically the L shape corner board structure constituted by baseline rod (3-1) and measuring rod (3-2), institute The tag line (3-1a) having on baseline rod (3-1) for representing the position of power is stated, the measuring rod (3-2), which is equipped with, runs through The adjustment sliding slot (3-2a) of the fulcrum (1), and it is capable of the graduation mark (3-2b) of real-time display arm of force size.

2. the arm of force as described in claim 1 measures teaching aid, it is characterised in that: be also equipped with level meter on the fulcrum (1) (4)；The level meter (4) is an equilateral right angle triangle structure, with fulcrum mounting hole (4-1) and falls bracing wire hole (4-2), The right-angled apices at the center of the fulcrum mounting hole (4-1), the center of pendant bracing wire hole (4-2) and the level meter (4) This 3 points on same straight line；The level meter (4) is installed on fulcrum (1) via the fulcrum mounting hole (4-1), described The pendant bracing wire (4-3) that end draws object (4-4) with pendant is equipped in pendant bracing wire hole (4-2).

3. the arm of force as claimed in claim 2 measures teaching aid, it is characterised in that: the moment arm measuring instrument (3) and level meter (4) point It is not installed on the front and rear sides of the lever (2).

4. the arm of force as claimed in claim 3 measures teaching aid, it is characterised in that: the moment arm measuring instrument (3) is arranged two, centre Separated by nut.

5. the arm of force as claimed in claim 2 measures teaching aid, it is characterised in that: the adjustment sliding slot (3- on the measuring rod (3-2) It 2a) is parallel to each other with graduation mark (3-2b), and mutually hangs down in space with the tag line (3-1a) on the baseline rod (3-1) Directly；The positive and negative two sides of the measuring rod (3-2) have graduation mark (3-2b).

6. the arm of force as claimed in claim 3 measures teaching aid, it is characterised in that: the start-stop both ends point of adjustment sliding slot (3-2a) It is not designed as the semi arch structure to match with the outer profile of fulcrum shaft, centre point side and graduation mark (3-2b) of starting point Zero graduation alignment, the other side is aligned with the inner clip angular vertex of the L shape corner board structure, i.e. the starting of adjustment sliding slot (3-2a) is justified This 3 points of the inner clip angular vertex of heart point, the zero graduation of graduation mark and moment arm measuring instrument (3) is kept on the same line.

7. the arm of force as claimed in claim 5 measures teaching aid, it is characterised in that: the sliding slot diameter of the moment arm measuring instrument (3) with The aperture of the fulcrum mounting hole (4-1) of the level meter (4) is consistent.

8. the arm of force as claimed in claim 6 measures teaching aid, it is characterised in that: it is with predetermined weight that the pendant, which draws object (4-4), Hang object from above；

The tag line (3-1a) is the vivid readily identified adhesive tape of color.

9. the arm of force as claimed in claim 8 measures teaching aid, it is characterised in that: the moment arm measuring instrument (3) and level meter (4) are adopted It is made with wooden, PP material or acrylic material.

10. the arm of force as described in claim 1 measures teaching aid, it is characterised in that: the baseline rod (3- of the moment arm measuring instrument (3) 1) identical with the length of measuring rod (3-2).