CN208421060U - A kind of bidirectional current detection circuit - Google Patents

A kind of bidirectional current detection circuit Download PDF

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CN208421060U
CN208421060U CN201821074371.4U CN201821074371U CN208421060U CN 208421060 U CN208421060 U CN 208421060U CN 201821074371 U CN201821074371 U CN 201821074371U CN 208421060 U CN208421060 U CN 208421060U
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control switch
current
resistance
resistor
module
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赵伟兵
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Zhuhai Amicro Semiconductor Co Ltd
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Zhuhai Amicro Semiconductor Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of bidirectional current detection circuits.The bidirectional current detection circuit samples selecting module by setting, can be different inspection flow paths to be selected, to realize the accurate detection of bidirectional current in charged state or discharge condition according to module to be measured.In addition, by setting sampling selecting module and the constant current of introducing current source, the error that can be detected in internal system cancellation current, the influence for avoiding battery charging and discharging electric current from calibrating circuit.Entire circuit structure is simple, and cost is relatively low.

Description

A kind of bidirectional current detection circuit
Technical field
The utility model relates to electronic circuit fields, and in particular to a kind of bidirectional current detection circuit.
Background technique
The demand of generally existing current detecting in power-supply management system.On the one hand, when battery is to system power supply, power supply Management module needs to monitor the size of current of battery discharge, and when battery discharge current is excessive, instruction system reduces power demands, To play a protective role to whole system;On the other hand, when charging to battery, charging circuit is also required to filling for monitoring battery Electric current while guaranteeing faster charging rate, guarantees battery and charging by current control in suitable magnitude range The safety of circuit.Some power-supply management systems also need to monitor the remaining capacity of battery at any time, in battery charging, discharge process In, require the accurate current size of real-time monitoring battery.Realize that the circuit structure of the power management module of these functions compares Complexity, volume is larger, is unfavorable for product miniaturization.
Utility model content
The utility model provide a kind of bidirectional current detection circuit, it can be achieved that accurately bidirectional current detect, while electricity Line structure is fairly simple, and cost is relatively low.The specific technical solution of the utility model is as follows:
A kind of bidirectional current detection circuit, for detecting the charging current and discharge current of module to be measured, including sampling choosing Select module, current conversion module, current source and analog-digital converter.Wherein: the sampling selecting module includes first resistor, second Resistance, 3rd resistor, the first control switch, the second control switch, third control switch, the 4th control switch and the 5th control are opened It closes;Wherein, the first resistor is connected with one end of the second resistance, and collectively as connecting described in module to be measured The first input end of selecting module is sampled, the other end of the first resistor is then connected to by first control switch described The positive input terminal of current conversion module, the other end of the first resistor are also connected to the electricity by second control switch The negative input end of conversion module is flowed, the other end of the second resistance is then connected to the electric current by the third control switch The negative input end of conversion module;One end of the 3rd resistor is as the sampling selecting module for connecting module to be measured Second input terminal, the other end of the 3rd resistor then passes through the 4th control switch, and to be connected to bearing for the current conversion module defeated Enter end, the other end of the 3rd resistor also passes through the positive input terminal that the 5th control switch is connected to the current conversion module. The current conversion module receives the sample rate current of the sampling selecting module output, and is converted to sampled voltage and exports to described Analog-digital converter.The current source is connected to the sampling selecting module and the current conversion module by the 6th control switch Positive input terminal between common end, for when carrying out circuit calibration input calibrate electric current.The analog-digital converter receives institute Sampled voltage is stated, and the digital voltage parameter be converted to for characterizing size of current is exported.
Further, the current conversion module includes amplifier, the first PMOS tube, the second PMOS tube, NMOS tube and Four resistance.Wherein: positive input terminal of the positive input terminal of the amplifier as the current conversion module is separately connected described One control switch, the 5th control switch and the 6th control switch;The negative input end of the amplifier is as the electric current modulus of conversion The negative input end of block is separately connected second control switch, third control switch and the 4th control switch;The amplifier Output end connects the grid of the NMOS tube, and the source electrode of the NMOS tube connects the negative input end of the amplifier, the NMOS The drain electrode of pipe connects the drain electrode of first PMOS tube;The source electrode of first PMOS tube and second PMOS tube connects jointly The grid of external power supply, first PMOS tube and second PMOS tube is commonly connected to the drain electrode of the NMOS tube;It is described By the 4th resistance eutral grounding, draining for second PMOS tube is public with the 4th resistance for the drain electrode of second PMOS tube The output end as the current conversion module is held, for being connected to the input terminal of the analog-digital converter.
Further, the resistance value of the first resistor is equal with the resistance value of the second resistance, and the first resistor Resistance value is equal with the resistance value of the 3rd resistor.
Further, the resistance value of the 4th resistance is 20 times of the resistance value of the first resistor.
Further, the dimension scale of second PMOS tube and first PMOS tube is 5.
Further, the module to be measured includes power supply to be measured and inspection leakage resistance, and the cathode of the power supply to be measured passes through institute Inspection leakage resistance ground connection is stated, the common end that the cathode of the power supply to be measured is connected with one end of the inspection leakage resistance is connected to described The first input end of selecting module is sampled, the other end of the inspection leakage resistance is then connected to the second defeated of the sampling selecting module Enter end.
Further, the sampling selecting module, current conversion module, current source and analog-digital converter are integrated in one piece of core In piece.
Bidirectional current detection circuit described in the utility model samples selecting module by setting, can be according to mould to be measured Block is different inspection flow paths to be selected, to realize the accurate detection of bidirectional current in charged state or discharge condition.This Outside, by setting sampling selecting module and the constant current of introducing current source, the mistake that can be detected in internal system cancellation current Difference, the influence for avoiding battery charging and discharging electric current from calibrating circuit.Entire circuit structure is simple, and cost is relatively low.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram when bidirectional current detection circuit is in control switch fully open state.
Fig. 2 is the control flow chart when bidirectional current detection circuit carries out current detecting.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram one when the bidirectional current detection circuit is in control switch partially closed position.
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram two when the bidirectional current detection circuit is in control switch partially closed position.
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram three when the bidirectional current detection circuit is in control switch partially closed position.
Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram four when the bidirectional current detection circuit is in control switch partially closed position.
Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram five when the bidirectional current detection circuit is in control switch partially closed position.
Fig. 8 is the circuit diagram six when the bidirectional current detection circuit is in control switch partially closed position.
Specific embodiment
The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, carries out the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model Detailed description.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment disclosed below is only used for explaining the utility model, it is not used to limit this reality With novel.
A kind of bidirectional current detection circuit, including sampling selecting module, current conversion module, current source and analog-to-digital conversion Device.The sampling selecting module connects module to be measured, and sample rate current is transmitted to the current conversion module, and the electric current turns Sample rate current is converted into sampled voltage again and exported to the analog-digital converter by mold changing block, finally, the analog-digital converter will be adopted The digital voltage parameter that sample voltage is converted to for characterizing size of current is exported.Wherein, the current source is connected to described The common end between selecting module and the current conversion module is sampled, for the input calibration electric current when carrying out circuit calibration.
Physical circuit is as shown in Figure 1:
The module to be measured includes power supply to be measured and inspection leakage resistance RS, and the cathode of the power supply to be measured passes through the inspection galvanic electricity Hinder RS ground connection.The power supply to be measured is rechargeable battery.The inspection leakage resistance RS is precision resistance.
The sampling selecting module include first resistor R1, second resistance R2,3rd resistor R3, the first control switch S1, Second control switch S2, third control switch S3, the 4th control switch S4 and the 5th control switch S5.Wherein, first electricity Resistance R1 is connected with one end of the second resistance R2, and collectively as the first input end of the sampling selecting module, is connected to The common end of the cathode of the power supply to be measured and the inspection leakage resistance RS.The other end of the first resistor R1 then passes through described One control switch S1 is connected to the positive input terminal of the current conversion module, and the other end of the first resistor R1 also passes through described Second control switch S2 is connected to the negative input end of the current conversion module.The other end of the second resistance R2 then passes through institute State the negative input end that third control switch S3 is connected to the current conversion module.Described in one end of the 3rd resistor R3 is used as The second input terminal for sampling selecting module is connected to the ground terminal of the inspection leakage resistance RS.The other end of the 3rd resistor R3 The negative input end of the current conversion module is then connected to by the 4th control switch S4, the other end of the 3rd resistor R3 is also The positive input terminal of the current conversion module is connected to by the 5th control switch S5.
The current conversion module include amplifier OP, the first PMOS tube MP1, the second PMOS tube MP2, NMOS tube MN1 and 4th resistance R4.Wherein: positive input terminal of the positive input terminal of the amplifier OP as the current conversion module is separately connected The first control switch S1 and the 5th control switch S5.The negative input end of the amplifier OP is as the current conversion module Negative input end, be separately connected the second control switch S2, third control switch S3 and the 4th control switch S4.The amplification The output end of device OP connects the grid of the NMOS tube MN1, and it is defeated that the source electrode of the NMOS tube MN1 connects bearing for the amplifier OP Enter end.The drain electrode of the NMOS tube MN1 connects the drain electrode of the first PMOS tube MP1.The first PMOS tube MP1 and described The source electrode of two PMOS tube MP2 connects external power supply VDD, the grid of the first PMOS tube MP1 and the second PMOS tube MP2 jointly Pole is commonly connected to the drain electrode of the NMOS tube MN1.The drain electrode of the second PMOS tube MP2 is connect by the 4th resistance R4 Ground.The output of the drain electrode of the second PMOS tube MP2 and the common end of the 4th resistance R4 as the current conversion module End, is connected to the input terminal of the analog-digital converter ADC.
The current source is connected to the positive input terminal of the amplifier OP and described first by the 6th control switch S6 and controls The common end between switch S1 is made, meanwhile, the current source is connected to the amplifier OP's also by the 6th control switch S6 Common end between positive input terminal and the 5th control switch S5.
The analog-digital converter ADC receives the sampled voltage, and is converted to the digital voltage for characterizing size of current Parameter is exported.
Charging current detection, discharge current detection and current detection circuit may be implemented in the bidirectional current detection circuit Three kinds of functions of calibration.Wherein, selecting module is sampled by setting, can is in charged state or to put according to module to be measured Electricity condition selects different inspection flow paths, to realize the accurate detection of bidirectional current.In addition, passing through setting sampling selection mould Block and the constant current for introducing current source, the error that can be detected in internal system cancellation current, avoid battery charging and discharging electric current Influence to circuit calibration.Entire circuit structure is simple, and cost is relatively low.
Preferably, the resistance value of the first resistor R1 is equal with the resistance value of the second resistance R2, and the first resistor The resistance value of R1 is equal with the resistance value of the 3rd resistor R3.
Preferably, the resistance value of the 4th resistance R4 is 20 times of the resistance value of the first resistor R1.
Preferably, the dimension scale of the second PMOS tube MP2 and the first PMOS tube MP1 is 5.
Preferably, the sampling selecting module, current conversion module, current source and analog-digital converter ADC are integrated in one piece In chip.
As shown in Fig. 2, a kind of bidirectional current detection method based on above-mentioned bidirectional current detection circuit, including walk as follows Rapid: step S1: opening bidirectional current detection circuit, and the bidirectional current detection circuit initializes, the first control switch S1, The second control switch S2, the third control switch S3, the 4th control switch S4, the 5th control switch S5 and The 6th control switch S6 is all in off-state (referring to Fig. 1), subsequently into step S2.Step S2: control described first Control switch S1 and third control switch S3 closure (referring to Fig. 3) then judges the use of the analog-digital converter ADC output Whether it is greater than zero in the first digital voltage parameter DOos of characterization size of current, if it is, S3 is entered step, if it is not, then Enter step S4.Step S3: judge whether the module to be measured is in charged state and (judges whether battery is in charging shape State), if it is, controlling the first control switch S1 and the 4th control switch S4 closure, control second control Switch S2, the third control switch S3, the 5th control switch S5 and the 6th control switch S6 are disconnected (referring to figure 4), and the difference of the digital voltage parameter DO currently to export and the first digital voltage parameter DOos are as testing result; If it is not, then controlling the second control switch S2 and the 5th control switch S5 closure, first control switch is controlled S1, the third control switch S3, the 4th control switch S4 and the 6th control switch S6 disconnect (referring to Fig. 5), and Using the difference of the digital voltage parameter DO and the first digital voltage parameter DOos that currently export as testing result.Step S4: control the first control switch S1, the third control switch S3 and the 6th control switch S6 are closed, described in control Second control switch S2, the 4th control switch S4 and the 5th control switch S5 disconnect (referring to Fig. 6), and described in record Second digital voltage parameter DOos ' of analog-digital converter output, then judges whether the module to be measured is in charged state (i.e. Judge whether battery is in charged state), if it is, S5 is entered step, if it is not, then entering step S6.Step S5: control The first control switch S1, the 4th control switch S4 and the 6th control switch S6 closure control second control It makes switch S2, the third control switch S3 and the 5th control switch S5 and disconnects (referring to Fig. 7), and the number currently to export The difference of word voltage parameter DO and the second digital voltage parameter DOos ' is as testing result.Step S6: control described second Control switch S2, the 5th control switch S5 and the 6th control switch S6 closure, control the first control switch S1, The third control switch S3 and the 4th control switch S4 disconnects (referring to Fig. 8), and the digital voltage ginseng currently to export The difference of number DO and the second digital voltage parameter DOos ' is as testing result.
The detection of the charged state or discharge condition of above-mentioned battery and the on-off control of control switch, can be by electricity Source control module carries out, and can also be carried out by processors such as MCU or CPU.
The method passes through the open and-shut mode for controlling different switches in the different stages, to realize the essence of detection circuit Quasi- detection, improves the current detecting quality and efficiency of circuit.
Specifically, under charging current detecting state, as shown in figure 4, the first control switch S1 and the 4th control switch S4 Closure, the second control switch S2, third control switch S3 and the 5th control switch S5 are opened, and the 6th control switch S6 then regards two-way The result of current detection circuit calibration is determined to open or is closed.Assuming that current detection circuit calibrated mistake, amplifier OP can To be considered ideal component.The electric current I1 and battery charge IC of first PMOS tube MP1, should meet following relational expression: I1*R3 =IC*RS.And the dimension scale that the electric current I2 of the electric current I1 of the first PMOS tube MP1 and the second PMOS tube MP2 are proportional to them is closed System: I1/I2=(W1/L1)/(W2/L2).Therefore, voltage VO=I2*R4 that current detecting obtains=((W2/L2)/(W1/L1)) * (R4/R2) * IC*RS.VO obtains corresponding digital voltage parameter DO after ADC is converted.Here current detecting, exactly measures The size of electric current, before the magnitude of current is converted to a voltage, this voltage can do analog-to-digital conversion through ADC, Available corresponding digital voltage parameter, for characterizing size of current.
Specifically, under discharge current detecting state, as shown in figure 5, the second control switch S2 and the 5th control switch S5 Closure, the first control switch S1, third control switch S3 and the 4th control switch S4 are opened, and the 6th control switch S6 then regards electric current The result of detection circuit calibration is determined to open or is closed.Assuming that calibrated mistake, amplifier OP can recognize current detection circuit To be ideal component.The electric current I1 and battery charge IC of first PMOS tube MP1, should meet following relational expression: I1*R1=ID* RS.And the electric current I2 of the electric current I1 of the first PMOS tube MP1 and the second PMOS tube MP2 are proportional to their dimension scale relationship: I1/ I2=(W1/L1)/(W2/L2).Therefore, voltage VO=I2*R4 that current detecting obtains=((W2/L2)/(W1/L1)) * (R4/R1) * ID*RS.VO obtains corresponding digital voltage parameter DO after ADC is converted, and current detecting here exactly measures the big of electric current It is small, before the magnitude of current is converted to a voltage, this voltage can do analog-to-digital conversion through ADC, available Digital voltage parameter, for characterizing size of current.
Specifically, since there are offset errors by amplifier OP, therefore, it is necessary to calibrate to bidirectional current detection circuit. Under align mode, the first control switch S1 and third control switch S3 closure, the second control switch S2, the 4th control switch S4 and 5th control switch S5 is opened, and originally the 6th control switch S6 opens (referring to Fig. 3).If the offset voltage of amplifier OP itself Vos is positive, then, the first output error voltage VOos=((W2/L2)/(W1/L1)) * (R4/R2) * Vos of whole system.Its In, (W2/L2)/(W1/L1) is the dimension scale of the second PMOS tube MP2 and the first PMOS tube MP1, and R4/R2 is the 4th resistance R4 With the resistance ratio of second resistance R2.Above-mentioned formula is the theoretical calculation method of the first output error voltage, and described first is defeated Error voltage is measured indeed through circuit out., whereas if the offset voltage Vos of amplifier OP itself is negative, that , VO=0.At this point, the transformation result of ADC is also 0, then, the 6th control switch S6(of closure is changed to referring to Fig. 6), thus electric current I3 flows through first resistor R1, has been superimposed a positive voltage for the positive input terminal in amplifier OP, has been equivalent to amplifier OP's Offset voltage is revised as a positive voltage value', then, the second output error voltage of whole system’= ((W2/L2)/(W1/L1)) * (R4/R2) *' .Wherein, (W2/L2)/(W1/L1) is the second PMOS tube MP2 and first The dimension scale of PMOS tube MP1, R4/R2 are the resistance ratio of the 4th resistance R4 and second resistance R2.Above-mentioned formula is second The theoretical calculation method of output error voltage, second output error voltage are measured indeed through circuit.It is above-mentioned First output error voltage or the second output error voltage are converted by ADC, same available corresponding first digital voltage ParameterOr the second digital voltage parameter'.And when normal current detection, then on the basis of current detecting result DO On, it subtractsOr' to get final testing result is arrived, which has counteracted current detection circuit The error of itself.In addition, no matter the charging and discharging currents of battery have it is much, all without influence on the detection process of error voltage and knot Fruit.
From above-mentioned derivation process it is found that the circuit need to only guarantee R1=R2=R3, while meeting required proportionate relationship with R4, And the size of MP1 and MP2 meets required proportionate relationship, then testing result is exactly accurate.For integrated circuit, Meet these relative value relationships, is easier to realize.
Finally, it should be noted that each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, each embodiment emphasis What is illustrated is all differences from other embodiments, and same or similar part may refer to each other between each embodiment, respectively Technical solution between embodiment can be combined with each other.The above various embodiments is merely to illustrate the technical side of the utility model Case, rather than its limitations, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, this field it is common Technical staff is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, either to part of or complete Portion's technical characteristic is equivalently replaced;And these are modified or replaceed, it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution, and this is practical The range of novel each embodiment technical solution.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of bidirectional current detection circuit, for detecting the charging current and discharge current of module to be measured, which is characterized in that packet Include sampling selecting module, current conversion module, current source and analog-digital converter, in which:
The sampling selecting module include first resistor, second resistance, 3rd resistor, the first control switch, the second control switch, Third control switch, the 4th control switch and the 5th control switch;Wherein, one end of the first resistor and the second resistance Connection, and collectively as the first input end of the sampling selecting module for connecting module to be measured, the first resistor The other end is then connected to the positive input terminal of the current conversion module by first control switch, the first resistor it is another One end is also connected to the negative input end of the current conversion module by second control switch, the second resistance it is another End is then connected to the negative input end of the current conversion module by the third control switch;Make one end of the 3rd resistor For the second input terminal of the sampling selecting module for connecting module to be measured, the other end of the 3rd resistor then passes through Four control switches are connected to the negative input end of the current conversion module, and the other end of the 3rd resistor also passes through the 5th control Switch is connected to the positive input terminal of the current conversion module;
The current conversion module receive it is described sampling selecting module output sample rate current, and be converted to sampled voltage export to The analog-digital converter;
The current source is connected to the just defeated of sampling selecting module and the current conversion module by the 6th control switch Enter the common end between end, for the input calibration electric current when carrying out circuit calibration;
The analog-digital converter receives the sampled voltage, and the digital voltage parameter be converted to for characterizing size of current carries out Output.
2. circuit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the current conversion module includes amplifier, the first PMOS Pipe, the second PMOS tube, NMOS tube and the 4th resistance, in which:
Positive input terminal of the positive input terminal of the amplifier as the current conversion module is separately connected first control and opens Pass, the 5th control switch and the 6th control switch;The negative input end of the amplifier is defeated as bearing for the current conversion module Enter end, is separately connected second control switch, third control switch and the 4th control switch;The output end of the amplifier connects The grid of the NMOS tube is connect, the source electrode of the NMOS tube connects the negative input end of the amplifier, the drain electrode of the NMOS tube Connect the drain electrode of first PMOS tube;The source electrode of first PMOS tube and second PMOS tube connects external electrical jointly The grid of source, first PMOS tube and second PMOS tube is commonly connected to the drain electrode of the NMOS tube;Described second The drain electrode of PMOS tube is made by the 4th resistance eutral grounding, the drain electrode of second PMOS tube and the common end of the 4th resistance For the output end of the current conversion module, for being connected to the input terminal of the analog-digital converter.
3. circuit according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the resistance of the resistance value of the first resistor and the second resistance It is worth equal, and the resistance value of the first resistor is equal with the resistance value of the 3rd resistor.
4. circuit according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the resistance value of the 4th resistance is the resistance of the first resistor 20 times of value.
5. circuit according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the size of second PMOS tube and first PMOS tube Ratio is 5.
6. circuit according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the module to be measured include power supply to be measured and inspection leakage resistance, The cathode of the power supply to be measured is grounded by the inspection leakage resistance, one end of the cathode of the power supply to be measured and the inspection leakage resistance The common end being connected is connected to the first input end of the sampling selecting module, and the other end of the inspection leakage resistance is then connected to Second input terminal of the sampling selecting module.
7. circuit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sampling selecting module, current conversion module, current source It is integrated in chip piece with analog-digital converter.
CN201821074371.4U 2018-07-09 2018-07-09 A kind of bidirectional current detection circuit Active CN208421060U (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111551864A (en) * 2020-06-22 2020-08-18 微思机器人(深圳)有限公司 High-precision bidirectional current detection circuit applied to battery charging and discharging and method thereof
US11808789B2 (en) 2021-07-26 2023-11-07 Delta Electronics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Current detecting circuit, current detecting method and converter

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111551864A (en) * 2020-06-22 2020-08-18 微思机器人(深圳)有限公司 High-precision bidirectional current detection circuit applied to battery charging and discharging and method thereof
CN111551864B (en) * 2020-06-22 2022-07-15 微思机器人(深圳)有限公司 High-precision bidirectional current detection circuit applied to battery charging and discharging and method thereof
US11808789B2 (en) 2021-07-26 2023-11-07 Delta Electronics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Current detecting circuit, current detecting method and converter

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