CN208384876U - Magnetic suspension pendulum demonstration instrument based on high-temperature superconductor band - Google Patents
Magnetic suspension pendulum demonstration instrument based on high-temperature superconductor band Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN208384876U CN208384876U CN201721579336.3U CN201721579336U CN208384876U CN 208384876 U CN208384876 U CN 208384876U CN 201721579336 U CN201721579336 U CN 201721579336U CN 208384876 U CN208384876 U CN 208384876U
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- temperature superconductor
- magnetic suspension
- shaped magnet
- rectangular box
- superconductor band
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Abstract
The utility model discloses the magnetic suspension pendulum demonstration instruments based on high-temperature superconductor band, including U-shaped magnet, the rectangular box of open top and pedestal, it is offered at the upper surface center of the pedestal and the matched U-lag of U-shaped magnet bottom shape, the bottom of the U-shaped magnet is seated U-lag, U-shaped magnet opening upwards are fixed, the interior surface of rectangular box posts high-temperature superconductor band, liquid nitrogen is contained in rectangular box, high-temperature superconductor band shows as superconducting state below liquid nitrogen temperature, and rectangular box is located among two magnetic pole ports of U-shaped magnet.The utility model is intuitively presented super-conductive magnetic suspension phenomenon, and superconducting magnetic locking phenomena and super-conductive magnetic suspension move back and forth, i.e., super-conductive magnetic suspension is put, and has the advantages that small in size, and easy to carry, convenient for class demonstration, and effect is obvious.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the magnetic suspension pendulum demonstration instruments based on high-temperature superconductor band, and in particular to high temperature under to superconducting state
The balance and superconducting tape magnetic lock and pining force of superconducting tape magnetic suspension force suffered in steady magnetic field and gravity
Relationship belongs to high-temperature superconductor band magnetic levitation technology field.
Background technique
Two essential attributes of super-conductive magnetic suspension technology based superconductor, i.e., under superconducting state, superconductor shows as zero resistance
(ρ=0) and perfect diamganetism (χ=- 1, i.e. Meisser effect).Wherein, Meisser effect is by roentgen
W.Meissner and R.Ochsebfekd in 1933 did tin monocrystalline ball superconductor to be found when Distribution of Magnetic Field measurement.Superconductor
Once into superconducting state, intracorporal magnetic flux will all be excreted, and magnetic induction intensity perseverance is zero, no matter and to superconductor
It is first to cool down to add magnetic field afterwards, still first plus behind magnetic field cools down, as long as superconductor is intracorporal whole magnetic fluxs into superconducting state
Amount excretes.Zero resistance can guarantee that the bucking current of superconductor surface is never decayed, complete for practical type
Complete diamagnetism can exclude the intracorporal most of magnetic flux of superconduction, show as diamagnetic, while can lock the intracorporal part magnetic of superconduction again
It is logical, realize magnetic lock.The two is relatively independent and connects each other, and simple zero resistance does not ensure that the presence of Meisser effect,
But zero resistance effect is the necessary condition of Meisser effect again.
To type, in cold situation on the scene, superconductor can first capture a part of magnetic flux.One-dimensional vertical direction situation
Under, a balance spacing is had between superconductor and magnet, due to flux pinning effect, when superconductor is close to magnet, magnetic flux
Pinning prevents more magnetic fluxs from entering superconductor, to generate repulsive force；And when superconductor is far from magnet, flux pinning prevents magnetic
Through-flow superconductor out, to generate attraction.Both power are referred to as suspending power, form magnetic suspension stable, from locking.
The formula of one-dimensional suspending power:
F ∝ JcddH/dz,
DH/dz is the magnetic field gradient that permanent magnet is formed about in superconductor, the size of suspending power and superconductor surface
Magnetic field gradient is directly related, wherein JcIt is the critical current density of superconductor and the characteristic length of bucking current ring respectively with d.?
The complexity moved on vertical direction is indicated with suspension stiffness, is to decline power required for unit distance in stable point.From
The research of forefathers it is found that the cooling superconductor suspending power obtained of null field is greater than cooling the obtained suspending power of superconductor in field, but
The suspension stiffness under suspension stiffness mode colder than null field at lower position under cold mode is big.In threedimensional model, suspending power
Horizontal component show as lateral restoring force, effect is that superconductor is prevented to deviate center.The size of lateral restoring force is directly determined
Determine lateral stability, restoring force depends on the magnetic flux of capture.With the reduction of superconductor and magnet distance, the magnetic of capture
Flux increases, and attraction and repulsive force are all increasing, and only repulsive force is more increased than attraction faster.
High-temperature superconductor band has the characteristics of lightweight, size adjustable, super-conductive magnetic suspension and magnetic padlock compared with superconducting block
Determine phenomenon to be easier to realize, effect is more obvious.
Nearly the two poles of the earth internal magnetic field parallelly distribute on of U-shaped magnet, is uniform magnetic field simple and easy to get, both ends end be a pair of of N,
S magnetic pole, suction are most strong.Locate in parallel in two-port, there is gradient magnetic field distribution.
The equipment for being used to demonstrate super-conductive magnetic suspension at present is usually bigger, inconvenient to carry for class demonstration, and price
It is expensive.The utility model patent has small in size, carrying by small in size, the high-temperature superconducting thin film and U-shaped magnet of light weight
Convenient advantage.In addition, usually demonstration " swing " physical phenomenon needs to provide pendulum by the elastic force of spring or the pulling force of rope
Dynamic restoring force, the utility model patent take super-conductive magnetic suspension power as the restoring force of " swing ", can intuitively demonstrate physics
" swing " phenomenon, and it is observed that magical super-conductive magnetic suspension and superconducting magnetic locking phenomena, while student's impression can be allowed to understand again,
Deeply understand invisible physics " field " concept that can not touch magnetic field.
Utility model content
To solve the above problems, the utility model discloses a kind of, and the magnetic suspension based on high-temperature superconductor band is put
Demonstrator, specific technical solution are as follows:
Magnetic suspension pendulum demonstration instrument based on high-temperature superconductor band, including U-shaped magnet, the rectangular box of open top and bottom
, it is offered and the matched U-lag of U-shaped magnet bottom shape, the bottom of the U-shaped magnet at the upper surface center of the pedestal
It is seated U-lag, U-shaped magnet opening upwards are fixed, and the interior surface of rectangular box posts high-temperature superconductor band, in rectangular box
It is contained with liquid nitrogen, high-temperature superconductor band shows as superconducting state below liquid nitrogen temperature, and rectangular box is located at two magnetic poles of U-shaped magnet
Among port.Due to there are magnetic suspension force, rectangular box integrated suspension two magnetic pole ports of U-shaped magnet centre, it can be achieved that
The demonstrating effect of magnetic suspension " swing ", the physical phenomenon for getting rid of " swing " must be by the direct contact medium such as spring, rope
The problem of, and it is small in size easy to carry.
The U-shaped magnet selects Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet.
The high-temperature superconductor band is made of YBCO superconductive film and bar shaped base band, and YBCO superconductive film is grown in bar shaped base
One side surface of band, the another side of bar shaped base band are attached to the inner wall of rectangular box using low temperature glue.
The rectangular box selects plastic rectangular box.
The pedestal selects plastic feet.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
Super-conductive magnetic suspension phenomenon is intuitively presented in the utility model, and superconducting magnetic locking phenomena and super-conductive magnetic suspension are reciprocal
Movement, i.e. super-conductive magnetic suspension are put, and have the advantages that small in size, and easy to carry, convenient for class demonstration, and effect is obvious.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model,
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the utility model rectangular box,
Fig. 3 is U-shaped magnet magnetic induction line schematic diagram,
Reference signs list: 1-rectangular box, 2-U-shaped magnets, 3-pedestals, 4-high-temperature superconductor bands.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, the utility model is furtherd elucidate.It should be understood that following specific embodiment parties
Formula is merely to illustrate the utility model rather than limitation the scope of the utility model.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model, and Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the utility model rectangular box, and Fig. 3 is U-shaped
Magnet magnetic induction line schematic diagram, label component names are successively in figure are as follows: rectangular box 1, U-shaped magnet 2, pedestal 3, high-temperature superconductor band
4。
In conjunction with attached drawing as it can be seen that based on high-temperature superconductor band magnetic suspension pendulum demonstration instrument, including U-shaped magnet, open top
Rectangular box and pedestal, offer and the matched U-lag of U-shaped magnet bottom shape, institute at the upper surface center of the pedestal
The bottom for stating U-shaped magnet is seated U-lag, and U-shaped magnet opening upwards are fixed, and the interior surface of rectangular box posts high-temperature superconductor
Band is contained with liquid nitrogen in rectangular box, and high-temperature superconductor band shows as superconducting state below liquid nitrogen temperature, and rectangular box is located at
Among two magnetic pole ports of U-shaped magnet.Since there are magnetic suspension force, two magnetic poles of the rectangular box integrated suspension in U-shaped magnet
Mouthful centre, it can be achieved that magnetic suspension " swing " demonstrating effect, the physical phenomenon for getting rid of " swing " must be by spring, rope
The problem of etc. direct contact medium, and it is small in size easy to carry.The utility model, among the port at U-shaped magnet the two poles of the earth, place
In the superconducting thin film band of superconducting state, its stable suspersion can be made by suspending power.At this time in the mobile superconducting thin film band in some direction
Material certain distance unclamps superconducting thin film band since magnetic field changes, and superconducting thin film band is done back and forth on mobile direction
Movement.Amplitude is bigger (distance moved is bigger), it is believed that " elastic potential energy " of superconducting thin film band storage is more, air
Damp it is smaller, move back and forth it is obvious that move back and forth frequency it is also faster.
The U-shaped magnet selects Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet.Neodymium iron boron is as a kind of with high magnetic of rare earth permanent-magnetic material
Energy product and coercivity, while the advantages of high-energy density.It is referred to as " magnetic king " because of excellent magnetic property, can generate very strong
Magnetic field.
The high-temperature superconductor band is made of YBCO superconductive film and bar shaped base band, and YBCO superconductive film is grown in bar shaped base
One side surface of band.There is the high-temperature superconductor band very high critical current density suspension can be improved according to suspending power formula
Power.In order to keep effect more significant, reciprocating motion continues more long, and the another side of bar shaped base band is attached to plastic rectangular box using low temperature glue
The inner wall of son, such as Fig. 3.Plastic rectangular box opening upwards can be used to contain liquid nitrogen, make YBCO superconductive film in a long time
In superconducting state.Rationally, suspending power can overcome the gravity of entire plastics box for design.
The pedestal selects plastic feet.
The specific implementation process of the utility model:
U-shaped magnet is placed on plastic feet, opening upwards.Interior patch high-temperature superconductor band is clipped by plastic tweezer
Plastic casing is placed in two magnetic pole port of U-shaped magnet center, plastics box opening upwards.Appropriate liquid nitrogen is poured into plastics box
(superconducting transition temperature of YBCO superconductive film is higher than liquid nitrogen boiling point, shows as superconducting state at this time) can make it steady by suspending power
It is fixed to suspend.Tweezers, plastics are unclamped since magnetic field changes with the mobile plastics box of plastic tweezer up and down or left and right at this time
Box can move reciprocatingly in up and down or left and right direction.Mobile distance is bigger, and " elastic potential energy " of plastics box storage is more
More, since the damping of air is smaller, reciprocating motion is just more obvious, and the frequency of reciprocating motion is faster.
Technological means disclosed in the utility model is not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above technical means, also
Including technical solution consisting of any combination of the above technical features.
It is enlightenment, through the above description, related work people with the above-mentioned desirable embodiment according to the utility model
Member can carry out various changes and amendments in the range of without departing from this item utility model technical idea completely.This item is real
It is not limited to the contents of the specification with novel technical scope, it is necessary to its technology is determined according to scope of the claims
Property range.
Claims (5)
1. the magnetic suspension pendulum demonstration instrument based on high-temperature superconductor band, it is characterised in that the rectangular box including U-shaped magnet, open top
Son and pedestal offer and the matched U-lag of U-shaped magnet bottom shape, the U-shaped magnet at the upper surface center of the pedestal
Bottom be seated U-lag, U-shaped magnet opening upwards are fixed, and the interior surface of rectangular box posts high-temperature superconductor band, rectangle
Liquid nitrogen is contained in box, high-temperature superconductor band shows as superconducting state below liquid nitrogen temperature, and rectangular box is located at U-shaped magnet
Among two magnetic pole ports.
2. the magnetic suspension pendulum demonstration instrument according to claim 1 based on high-temperature superconductor band, it is characterised in that the U-shaped magnetic
Body selects Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet.
3. the magnetic suspension pendulum demonstration instrument according to claim 1 based on high-temperature superconductor band, it is characterised in that the high temperature
Superconducting tape is made of YBCO superconductive film and bar shaped base band, and YBCO superconductive film is grown in a side surface of bar shaped base band, item
The another side of shape base band is attached to the inner wall of rectangular box using low temperature glue.
4. the magnetic suspension pendulum demonstration instrument according to claim 1 based on high-temperature superconductor band, it is characterised in that the rectangle
Box selects plastic rectangular box.
5. the magnetic suspension pendulum demonstration instrument according to claim 1 based on high-temperature superconductor band, it is characterised in that the pedestal
Select plastic feet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721579336.3U CN208384876U (en) | 2017-11-23 | 2017-11-23 | Magnetic suspension pendulum demonstration instrument based on high-temperature superconductor band |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721579336.3U CN208384876U (en) | 2017-11-23 | 2017-11-23 | Magnetic suspension pendulum demonstration instrument based on high-temperature superconductor band |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN208384876U true CN208384876U (en) | 2019-01-15 |
Family
ID=64978004
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721579336.3U Expired - Fee Related CN208384876U (en) | 2017-11-23 | 2017-11-23 | Magnetic suspension pendulum demonstration instrument based on high-temperature superconductor band |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN208384876U (en) |
-
2017
- 2017-11-23 CN CN201721579336.3U patent/CN208384876U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20190115 Termination date: 20211123 |