CN208376867U - Steering column and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

This disclosure relates to a kind of steering column and vehicle.The steering column includes steering shaft, first column casing, second column casing, height adjustment motor, height adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism, second column casing is arranged in first column casing, second column casing includes mutually nested sliding column casing and crumple column casing, the sliding column casing is slidably socketed with first column casing, the steering shaft includes the upper axis and lower axle of spline connection, the upper axis is supported in the crumple column casing by first bearing, the lower axle is supported in first column casing by second bearing, the height adjustment motor can drive the sliding column casing to move axially relative to first column casing by the height adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism, the crumple column casing generates crumple deformation during along sliding column casing axial movement.

Description

Steering column and vehicle

Technical field

This disclosure relates to automobile steering system, and in particular, to a kind of steering column and the vehicle with the steering column.

Background technique

The utility model patent of Publication No. CN205706835U discloses a kind of electronic four-way adjusting steering column mechanism. It is structurally that comparison is easy that the electronic four-way of this form, which adjusts steering column mechanism, and adjusting displacement accuracy is poor, Reliability is poor, and the noise that adjustment process generates is larger.It is poor to adjust the core components compactedness such as motor, controller, Yi Beizuo It is damaged for stress lever.Poor from overall structure to product enforceability, the quality of steering column mechanism has been unable to get Effect ensures.

Utility model content

Purpose of this disclosure is to provide a kind of steering column of achievable height adjustment, which can send out in vehicle Crumple deformation is generated when raw collision to absorb collision energy.

To achieve the goals above, the disclosure provides a kind of steering column, including steering shaft, the first column casing, the second column casing, Height adjustment motor, height adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism, second column casing are arranged in first column casing, second column Cylinder includes mutually nested sliding column casing and crumple column casing, and the sliding column casing is slidably socketed with first column casing, and described turn It include the upper axis and lower axle that spline connects to axis, the upper axis is supported in the crumple column casing by first bearing, under described Axis is supported in first column casing by second bearing, and the height adjustment motor can pass through the height adjustment screw rod spiral shell Parent agency drives the sliding column casing to move axially relative to first column casing, and the crumple column casing is along the sliding column casing Crumple deformation is generated during axial movement.

Optionally, second column casing further includes crumple ring, and the crumple ring is mounted in the sliding column casing, described to burst Contracting ring set be located on the crumple column casing and with the crumple column casing compression fit.

Optionally, the material hardness of the crumple ring is greater than the material hardness of the crumple column casing.

Optionally, it is formed with annular positioning groove on the inner wall of the sliding column casing, the crumple ring is arranged in the annular In locating slot.

Optionally, the crumple ring is split ring.

Optionally, inwardly projecting multiple protrusions are formed on the crumple ring.

Optionally, the crumple ring is two, axially spaced-apart distribution of two crumple rings along the sliding column casing.

Optionally, the height adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism includes height adjustment screw rod and is set in the height adjustment silk Height adjustment nut on bar, the height adjustment screw rod are connected with the height adjustment motor, the height adjustment nut with The sliding column casing is connected, and the axis of the height adjustment screw rod is parallel with the axis of first column casing.

Optionally, it is provided with connecting plate on the sliding column casing, is provided on first column casing along first column casing Axially extending sliding slot, the connecting plate is pierced by from the sliding slot, and the height adjustment nut is fixed on the connecting plate.

Optionally, the steering column further includes height adjustment motor pedestal, and the height adjustment motor is fixed on described On height adjustment motor pedestal, the height adjustment motor pedestal is fixed on first column casing.

Optionally, the steering column further include fixed bracket, angular adjustment motor, angular adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism, Link mechanism, first column casing are hinged on the fixed bracket around the first hinge axes, and the angular adjustment motor can Drive first column casing relative to the fixed bracket by the angular adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism and the link mechanism Rotation.

Optionally, the angular adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism includes angular adjustment screw rod and is set in the angular adjustment silk Angular adjustment nut on bar, the angular adjustment screw rod are connected with the angular adjustment motor, and the angular adjustment nut is logical It crosses the link mechanism to be connected with the fixed bracket, in the link mechanism a connecting rod is hinged on around the second hinge axes On first column casing, first hinge axes are parallel with second hinge axes, the axis of the angular adjustment screw rod It is vertical with first hinge axes.

Optionally, the steering column further includes angular adjustment motor base, and the angular adjustment motor is fixed on described On angular adjustment motor base, the angular adjustment motor base is hinged on first column casing around third hinge axes, institute It is parallel with first hinge axes to state third hinge axes.

Optionally, the link mechanism includes first connecting rod and second connecting rod, and the first end of the first connecting rod is around the 4th Hinge axes are hinged on the angular adjustment nut, and the second end of the first connecting rod is articulated with described around the 6th hinge axes The second end of the first end of second connecting rod, the second connecting rod is hinged on the fixed bracket around the 5th hinge axes, described First hinge axes, the 4th hinge axes, the 5th hinge axes are parallel with the 6th hinge axes, and described first Connecting rod is hinged on first column casing around second hinge axes.

Optionally, the link mechanism is two, and two link mechanisms are separately positioned on the angular adjustment nut Two sides.

In the steering column of the disclosure, the essence of height adjustment can be improved by using height adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism Degree.Also, when vehicle occur head-on crash when, sliding column casing it is motionless, impact force cause crumple column casing sliding column casing inner shaft to Mobile, crumple column casing generates crumple deformation in moving process, to absorb collision energy, reduces the injury to driver.

The disclosure also provides a kind of vehicle, including steering column as described above.

Other feature and advantage of the disclosure will the following detailed description will be given in the detailed implementation section.

Detailed description of the invention

Attached drawing is and to constitute part of specification for providing further understanding of the disclosure, with following tool Body embodiment is used to explain the disclosure together, but does not constitute the limitation to the disclosure.In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram according to the steering column of an embodiment of the present disclosure；

Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram according to another visual angle of the steering column of an embodiment of the present disclosure；

Fig. 4 is the perspective view of the explosion according to the steering column of an embodiment of the present disclosure；

Fig. 5 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram of the steering shaft in the steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure；

Fig. 6 is angular adjustment screw rod and angular adjustment motor in the steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure The assembling schematic diagram of pedestal, wherein in order to show internal structure, angular adjustment motor base is shown in section view；

Fig. 7 is angular adjustment screw rod and angular adjustment motor in the steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure The perspective view of the explosion of pedestal；

Fig. 8 is the perspective view of the explosion of the angular adjustment nut in the steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure；

Fig. 9 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram of the screw rod compact heap in the steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure；

Figure 10 is height adjustment screw rod and height adjustment electricity in the steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure The assembling schematic diagram of machine pedestal, wherein in order to show internal structure, height adjustment motor pedestal is shown in section view；

Figure 11 is height adjustment screw rod and height adjustment electricity in the steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure The perspective view of the explosion of machine pedestal；

Figure 12 is the assembling schematic diagram of the height adjustment module in the steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, Wherein, in order to show internal structure, the first column casing is shown in section view；

Figure 13 is the perspective view of the explosion of the height adjustment module in the steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure；

Figure 14 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram of the slip collar in the steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure；

Figure 15 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram of the sliding column casing in the steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure；

Figure 16 is the schematic cross-sectional view of the sliding column casing in the steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure；

Figure 17 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram of the first column casing in the steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, In, in order to show internal structure, the first column casing is shown in section view；

Figure 18 is the perspective view of the explosion of the hold-down mechanism in the steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure；

Figure 19 is the assembling schematic diagram of the second column casing in the steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, In, in order to show internal structure, sliding column casing is shown in section view；

Figure 20 is the perspective view of the explosion of the second column casing in the steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure；

Figure 21 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram of the sliding column casing in the steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, In, in order to show internal structure, sliding column casing is shown in section view；

Figure 22 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram of the crumple ring in the steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Description of symbols

10 angular adjustment motor, 20 angular adjustment motor base

21 second limited step, 22 third limited step

30 angular adjustment screw rod, 31 first limited step

32 first pin hole, 40 angular adjustment nut

41 nut body, 42 screw rod compact heap

43 holddown spring, 44 clamp nut

411 first threaded hole, 412 second threaded hole

421 small diameter portion, 422 large-diameter portion

423 step surface, 424 concave surface

425 positioning protrusion, 51 first thrust bearing

52 second thrust bearing, 53 first locking nut

54 first slotted nut, 55 first split pin

56 first loading bearing, 57 second loading bearing

58 first limit stop ring, 60 steering shaft

62 lower axle of axis on 61

71 first bearing, 72 second bearing

80 first column casing, 801 sliding slot

802 mounting lug, 803 annular mounting groove

804 mounting hole, 90 second column casing

91 sliding 92 crumple column casings of column casing

93 crumple ring, 911 second anti-friction coating

912 connecting plate, 913 annular positioning groove

931 raised 100 slip collars

101 first anti-friction coating, 110 height adjustment motor

The 5th limited step of 120 height adjustment motor pedestal 121

122 the 6th limited step, 130 height adjustment screw rod

131 the 4th limited step, 132 second pin hole

140 height adjustment nut, 151 third thrust bearing

152 the 4th thrust bearing, 153 second locking nut

154 second slotted nut, 155 second split pin

The 4th loading bearing of 156 third loading bearing 157

158 second limit stop rings 160 fix bracket

171 first connecting rod, 172 second connecting rod

180 adjusting controller, 191 first harness

192 second harness, 200 hold-down mechanism

201 circlip, 202 disc spring pressing piece

203 disc spring, 204 gasket

205 compact heap, 211 first fastener

212 second fasteners

Specific embodiment

It is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment of the attached drawing to the disclosure.It should be understood that this place is retouched The specific embodiment stated is only used for describing and explaining the disclosure, is not limited to the disclosure.

According to one aspect of the disclosure, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, a kind of steering column is provided, including steering shaft 60, solid Fixed rack 160, the first column casing 80, the second column casing 90, angular adjustment motor 10, angular adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism and connecting rod machine Structure.

Angular adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism includes angular adjustment screw rod 30 and the angle that is set on angular adjustment screw rod 30 Adjusting nut 40.Fixed bracket 160 is used to be fixed to vehicle body, and the first column casing 80 is hinged on fixation around the first hinge axes A-A On bracket 160, the second column casing 90 is slidably socketed with the first column casing 80, and steering shaft 60 is arranged in the first column casing 80 and the second column casing 90。

As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, steering shaft 60 includes the upper axis 61 connected by spline and lower axle 62, and upper axis 61 passes through the One bearing 71 is supported in the second column casing 90, and lower axle 62 is supported in the first column casing 80 by second bearing 72, and upper axis 61 is used for Steering wheel is connected, lower axle 62 is for connecting transmission shaft, and angular adjustment motor 10 is for passing sequentially through angular adjustment feed screw nut's machine Structure and link mechanism drive the first column casing 80 to rotate relative to fixed bracket 160, to adjust the first column casing 80 and fixed bracket 160 Between angle, to realize the angle regulating function of steering column.

In the steering column of the disclosure, angular adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism is used to transport the rotation of angular adjustment motor 10 Turn is melted into the linear motion of angular adjustment nut 40, and angular adjustment nut 40 is by link mechanism the first column casing 80 of drive around the One hinge axes A-A rotation.By the cooperation of angular adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism and link mechanism, angle tune can be significantly improved Motion credibility in the precision and adjustment process of section.

Further, in one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, angular adjustment motor 10 is mounted on the first column casing On 80, angular adjustment screw rod 30 is connected with angular adjustment motor 10, and angular adjustment nut 40 passes through link mechanism and fixed bracket 160 are connected, and a connecting rod in link mechanism is hinged on the first column casing 80 around the second hinge axes B-B, the first hinge axes A-A is parallel with the second hinge axes B-B.In this way, it on the one hand can be improved the integral rigidity of steering column and reliable Property so that only angular adjustment motor 10 start when could drive the first column casing 80 rotate, with hand or by other external force without Method shakes the first column casing 80, on the other hand can be improved the single order natural mode of vibration of steering column, reduces vibration.

In the disclosure, angular adjustment screw rod 30 can be arranged along any suitable direction.In one embodiment, The axis of angular adjustment screw rod 30 can be vertical with the first hinge axes A-A, in order to realize the transmitting of movement.

Optionally, as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the first column casing 80 can be located at angular adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism and fixed branch Between frame 160, so that the more compact structure of steering column.

In order to improve angular adjustment precision and reduce angular adjustment needed for driving force, in one embodiment, such as Shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, an end of the first column casing 80 is hinged on fixed bracket 160, and a connecting rod in link mechanism is hinged On another end of the first column casing 80.

Angular adjustment motor 10 is installed on the first column casing 80 for convenience, in one embodiment, such as Fig. 1 to figure Shown in 4, steering column can also include angular adjustment motor base 20, and angular adjustment motor 10 is fixed on angular adjustment motor base One end of seat 20, angular adjustment motor base 20 are mounted on the first column casing 80.As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, angular adjustment screw rod 30 It is arranged in angular adjustment motor base 20, angular adjustment screw rod 30 is supported by the first loading bearing 56 and the second loading bearing 57 In angular adjustment motor base 20, angular adjustment motor base 20 and and angular adjustment are stretched out in one end of angular adjustment screw rod 30 The connection of 10 spline of motor, the other end of angular adjustment screw rod 30 stretch out angular adjustment motor base 20 and with angular adjustment nut 40 It is threadedly engaged.First loading bearing 56 and the second loading bearing 57 move angular adjustment screw rod 30 can not radially.

In this case, between angular adjustment screw rod 30 and angular adjustment motor base 20 there may be axial gap, The gap may cause following problems: one, can generate abnormal sound when angular adjustment screw rod 30 rotates；Two, angular adjustment nut 40 There are deviations between desired location and physical location；Three, steering wheel shakes.

In order to eliminate the axial gap between angular adjustment screw rod 30 and angular adjustment motor base 20, make angular adjustment silk Bar 30 as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, cannot be disposed with first on angular adjustment screw rod 30 along axial float, in one embodiment Thrust bearing 51, steering column further include first axis hold-down mechanism, and the first axis hold-down mechanism is to angular adjustment screw rod 30 Force, so that angular adjustment screw rod 30 and angular adjustment motor base 20 are compressed by the first thrust bearing 51 in the axial direction.Tool Body, it is formed with the first limited step 31 on angular adjustment screw rod 30, is formed on the inner wall of angular adjustment motor base 20 Two limited steps 21, the two sides of the first thrust bearing 51 are connected to the first limited step 31 and the second limited step 21 respectively.

First axis hold-down mechanism can have any suitable structure, such as may include holddown spring, the compression bullet Spring is arranged between angular adjustment motor base 20 and angular adjustment screw rod 30, and applies to angular adjustment screw rod 30 along axial direction Elastic force so that the first thrust bearing 51 is angularly adjusted screw rod 30 and angular adjustment motor base 20 and clamps.

In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, first axis hold-down mechanism includes being arranged in angular adjustment silk The second thrust bearing 52 and the first locking nut 53 on bar 30, the second thrust bearing 52 are located at the first thrust bearing 51 and first Between locking nut 53, third limited step 22, the second thrust bearing are also formed on the inner wall of angular adjustment motor base 20 52 two sides are connected to third limited step 22 and the first locking nut 53, the first thrust bearing 51 and the second thrust bearing respectively 52 between the first limited step 31 and the first locking nut 53.

Here, the first thrust bearing 51 and the second thrust bearing 52 can bear axial force but also be rotated about axis.First It is to be threadedly engaged between locking nut 53 and angular adjustment screw rod 30.When tightening the first locking nut 53, angular adjustment screw rod The distance between the first limited step 31 on 30 and the first locking nut 53 can be gradually reduced；Continue to tighten the first locking nut Gap, the first thrust bearing 51 and the second limited step 21 when 53, between the first limited step 31 and the first thrust bearing 51 Between gap, the gap between third limited step 22 and the second thrust bearing 52, the second thrust bearing 52 and the first locking Gap between nut 53 can be decreased to minimum, i.e. gapless.

The first locking nut 53 is loosened because of the rotation of angular adjustment screw rod 30 in order to prevent, further, such as Fig. 6 and figure Shown in 7, the first axis hold-down mechanism further includes the first slotted nut 54 and first being arranged on angular adjustment screw rod 30 The side away from the second thrust bearing 52 of split pin 55, the first locking nut 53 is fixed by the first slotted nut 54, and first Slotted nut 54 is fixed by the first split pin 55.After the first locking nut 53 is tightened, then tighten the first slotted nut 54 simultaneously And the first split pin 55 is passed through into the first slotted nut 54 and is inserted into the first pin hole 32 reserved on angular adjustment screw rod 30.The One slotted nut 54 is because there is the blocking of the first split pin 55 without generating loosening.Equally, the first locking nut 53 is because have The blocking of first slotted nut 54 is without generating loosening.

First loading bearing 56 and the second loading bearing 57 can be arranged in any suitable position.In a kind of embodiment In, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, between the first thrust bearing 51 and the second thrust bearing 52, second pushes away the first loading bearing 56 Power bearing 52, the first locking nut 53 and the first slotted nut 54 are between first bearing 71 and second bearing 72.Second holds The side for carrying the first loading bearing 56 of direction of bearing 57 can be fixed by the first limit stop ring 58, the first limit stop ring 58 peace On the inner wall of angular adjustment motor base 20, the side away from the first loading bearing 56 of the second loading bearing 57 can be by Angular adjustment motor 10 limits.

In order to increase the freedom of motion of angular adjustment motor 10, keep movement transmitting more smooth, in one embodiment, As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, angular adjustment motor base 20 is hinged on the first column casing 80 around third hinge axes C-C, and third is hinged Axis C-C is parallel with the first hinge axes A-A.

For the ease of the installation of angular adjustment motor base 20, in one embodiment, as shown in figure 4, the first column casing Mounting lug 802 is formed on 80, angular adjustment motor base 20 is hinged on mounting lug 802 around third hinge axes C-C, Along the axial direction of first column casing 80, mounting lug 802 is located between two ends of the first column casing 80, to make angular adjustment Motor 10 and angular adjustment motor base 20 are located between two ends of the first column casing 80, so that steering column structure is tighter It gathers.

Angular adjustment nut 40 can generate certain abrasion on angular adjustment screw rod 30 after prolonged exercise, lead to angle Gap is generated between degree adjusting nut 40 and angular adjustment screw rod 30, on the one hand which will lead to the generation of angular adjustment nut 40 Vibration, on the other hand will lead to when driver holds steering wheel has spacious feeling, and steering wheel is caused to shake.

In order to eliminate or reduce the gap between angular adjustment nut 40 and angular adjustment screw rod 30, in a kind of embodiment In, as shown in figure 8, angular adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism includes angular adjustment screw rod 30 and radial compaction mechanism, nut body 41 It is threadedly engaged with angular adjustment screw rod 30, radial compaction mechanism applies to angular adjustment screw rod 30 and/or nut body 41 along angle Degree adjusts the radial power of screw rod 30, so that nut body 41 is pressed on angular adjustment screw rod 30.

In one embodiment, one end of radial compaction mechanism is connected with nut body 41, and the other end acts on angle It adjusts on screw rod 30.In this case, radial compaction mechanism applies direction phase to nut body 41 and angular adjustment screw rod 30 Anti- active force, so that nut body 41 and angular adjustment screw rod 30 compress radially.

The radial compaction mechanism can have any suitable structure.In one embodiment, radial compaction mechanism Including screw rod compact heap 42, holddown spring 43 and clamp nut 44, it is formed on nut body 41 and matches with angular adjustment screw rod 30 The first threaded hole 411 closed and the second threaded hole 412 cooperated with clamp nut 44, the first threaded hole 411 and the second threaded hole 412 connections, holddown spring 43 are arranged between clamp nut 44 and screw rod compact heap 42 and apply elasticity to screw rod compact heap 42 Power, so that the pressure holding of screw rod compact heap 42 is on the side of angular adjustment screw rod 30.

When direction turn of the clamp nut 44 towards compression holddown spring 43, the elastic force of holddown spring 43 can pass through silk Bar compact heap 42 is transferred to angular adjustment screw rod 30, to make the gap between angular adjustment screw rod 30 and angular adjustment nut 40 Become smaller or blind-mate.

In order to which substrate hold-down function is better achieved, in one embodiment, as shown in figure 9, screw rod compact heap 42 have with The adaptable concave surface 424 of the screw thread cylinder of angular adjustment screw rod 30, screw rod compact heap 42 are pressed by the concave surface 424 in angle tune On the screw thread cylinder for saving screw rod 30.

Screw rod compact heap 42 can have any suitable structure.In one embodiment, as shown in figure 9, screw rod pressure Tight block 42 has coaxial small diameter portion 421 and large-diameter portion 422, and step surface 423 is formed between small diameter portion 421 and large-diameter portion 422, Holddown spring 43 is set on small diameter portion 421, and one end of holddown spring 43 is connected to step surface 423, and the other end is connected to compression The inside of nut 44, concave surface 424 are formed in one end of the separate small diameter portion 421 of large-diameter portion 422.

In order to guarantee screw rod compact heap 42, its concave surface 424 just matches with the side of angular adjustment screw rod 30 after the assembly is completed It closes, in one embodiment, as shown in figure 9, being formed with positioning protrusion 425, nut body on the side of screw rod compact heap 42 The positioning groove matched with positioning protrusion 425 is formed in 41.In the process that screw rod compact heap 42 is packed into nut body 41 In, the positioning protrusion 425 of 42 side of screw rod compact heap is inserted into the positioning groove in nut body 41, so that screw rod compact heap 42 It can not rotate, realize assembly mistake proofing.

In order to be more effectively transferred into the elastic force of holddown spring 43 on angular adjustment screw rod 30, in a kind of embodiment In, as shown in figure 8, the axis vertical take-off of the axis of the first threaded hole 411 and the second threaded hole 412.In other possible embodiment party In formula, the axis of the first threaded hole 411 can intersect with the axis of the second threaded hole 412 but out of plumb.

Link mechanism may include any number of connecting rod, such as two or more.In one embodiment, as schemed 1 to shown in Fig. 4, and link mechanism includes first connecting rod 171 and second connecting rod 172, and the first end of first connecting rod 171 is hinged around the 4th Axis D-D is hinged on angular adjustment nut 40, and the second end of first connecting rod 171 is articulated with second around the 6th hinge axes F-F The second end of the first end of connecting rod 172, second connecting rod 172 is hinged on fixed bracket 160 around the 5th hinge axes E-E, and first Hinge axes A-A, the 4th hinge axes D-D, the 5th hinge axes E-E and the 6th hinge axes F-F are parallel.

In one embodiment, first connecting rod 171 is hinged on the first column casing 80 around the second hinge axes B-B, with logical It crosses first connecting rod 171 and drives the rotation of the first column casing 80.In this case, second connecting rod 172 forms branch to first connecting rod 171 Support guarantees the kinetic stability during angular adjustment.

In the above-described embodiment, first connecting rod 171 has the first hinge joint being connected with angular adjustment nut 40 and the It the second connected hinge joint of one column casing 80, the third hinge joint that is connected with second connecting rod 172.In order to guarantee the movement of link mechanism Flexibility, in one embodiment, the line between the first hinge joint, the second hinge joint and third hinge joint can be in triangle Shape.Further, first connecting rod 171 can be formed as fork-shaped plate, and the second hinge joint is located at the middle part of the fork-shaped plate, and first is hinged Point and third hinge joint are located at the both ends of the fork-shaped plate.

In order to further increase the kinetic stability during angular adjustment, in one embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 4 Shown, steering column includes two link mechanisms, which is separately positioned on the two sides of angular adjustment nut 40, the One column casing 80 is located between two link mechanisms, and angular adjustment nut 40 is connected by two link mechanisms with fixed bracket 160.

In the disclosure, the first column casing 80 and the second column casing 90 are slidably socketed, when the second column casing 90 stretches out, steering shaft 60 Elongation, so that steering wheel be made to increase；When the second column casing 90 retracts, steering shaft 60 shortens, so that steering wheel be made to decline.

For the ease of adjusting the height of steering wheel, in one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, steering column may be used also To include height adjustment motor 110 and height adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism, height adjustment motor 110 is mounted on the first column casing 80 On, height adjustment motor 110 is used to drive the second column casing 90 relative to the first column casing 80 by height adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism Axial movement.

Specifically, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, height adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism includes height adjustment screw rod 130 and is set in Height adjustment nut 140 on height adjustment screw rod 130, height adjustment screw rod 130 are connected with height adjustment motor 110, height Adjusting nut 140 is fixed on the second column casing 90, and the axis of height adjustment screw rod 130 is parallel with the axis of the second column casing 90.Work as height When degree adjusts the starting of motor 110, height adjustment screw rod 130 rotates, and height adjustment nut 140 is axial along height adjustment screw rod 130 It is mobile, so that the second column casing 90 be driven to stretch out or retract.

For the ease of height adjustment nut 140 is fixed on the second column casing 90, in one embodiment, such as Figure 13 institute Show, connecting plate 912 is provided on the second column casing 90, the axially extending sliding slot along the first column casing 80 is provided on the first column casing 80 801, connecting plate 912 is pierced by from sliding slot 801, and height adjustment nut 140 is fixed on connecting plate 912 by the second fastener 212.

For the ease of height adjustment motor 110 to be installed on the first column casing 80, in one embodiment, such as Figure 13 institute Show, steering column further includes height adjustment motor pedestal 120, and height adjustment motor 110 is fixed on height adjustment motor pedestal 120 On, height adjustment motor pedestal 120 is fixed on the first column casing 80 by the first fastener 211.In order to make steering column structure More compact, in one embodiment, along the axial direction of the first column casing 80, height adjustment motor pedestal 120 is located at the first column casing 80 Two ends between.

As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, height adjustment screw rod 130 is arranged in height adjustment motor pedestal 120, height adjustment silk Bar 130 is supported in height adjustment motor pedestal 120 by third loading bearing 156 and the 4th loading bearing 157, height adjustment One end protrusion height of screw rod 130 adjusts motor base 120 and connect with 110 spline of height adjustment motor, height adjustment screw rod 130 other end protrusion height adjusts motor base 120 and cooperates with height adjustment nut 140.Third loading bearing 156 and Four loading bearings 157 move height adjustment screw rod 130 can not radially.

In this case, there may be between axial direction between height adjustment screw rod 130 and height adjustment motor pedestal 120 Gap, the gap may cause following problems: one, can generate abnormal sound when height adjustment screw rod 130 rotates；Two, height adjustment nut There are deviations between 140 desired location and physical location.

In order to eliminate the axial gap between height adjustment screw rod 130 and height adjustment motor pedestal 120, make height adjustment Screw rod 130 as shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, cannot be arranged along axial float, in one embodiment on height adjustment screw rod 130 There is a third thrust bearing 151, steering column further includes the second axial compression mechanism, and the second axial compression mechanism is to height adjustment Screw rod 130 exerts a force, so that height adjustment screw rod 130 and height adjustment motor pedestal 120 pass through third thrust bearing in the axial direction 151 compress.Specifically, be formed with the 4th limited step 131 on height adjustment screw rod 130, height adjustment motor pedestal 120 it is interior The 5th limited step 121 is formed on wall, the two sides of third thrust bearing 151 are connected to the 4th limited step 131 and respectively Five limited steps 121.

Second axial compression mechanism can have any suitable structure, such as may include holddown spring, the compression bullet Spring is arranged between height adjustment motor pedestal 120 and height adjustment screw rod 130, and applies edge to height adjustment screw rod 130 Axial elastic force, so that third thrust bearing 151 is clamped by height adjustment screw rod 130 and height adjustment motor pedestal 120.

In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, the second axial compression mechanism includes being arranged in height adjustment The 4th thrust bearing 152 and the second locking nut 153 on screw rod 130, the 4th thrust bearing 152 are located at third thrust bearing 151 and second between locking nut 153, are also formed with the 6th limited step 122 on the inner wall of height adjustment motor pedestal 120, The two sides of 4th thrust bearing 152 are connected to the 6th limited step 122 and the second locking nut 153, third thrust bearing respectively 151 and the 4th thrust bearing 152 between the 4th limited step 131 and the second locking nut 153.

Here, third thrust bearing 151 and the 4th thrust bearing 152 can bear axial force but also be rotated about axis.The It is to be threadedly engaged between two locking nuts 153 and height adjustment screw rod 130.When tightening the second locking nut 153, height adjustment The distance between the 4th limited step 131 on screw rod 130 and the second locking nut 153 can be gradually reduced；Continue to tighten second When locking nut 153, the gap, third thrust bearing 151 between the 4th limited step 131 and third thrust bearing 151 and Gap, the 6th limited step 122 between five limited steps 121 and the gap between the 4th thrust bearing 152, the 4th thrust axis Hold 152 and the second gap between locking nut 153 can be decreased to minimum, i.e. gapless.

The second locking nut 153 is loosened because of the rotation of height adjustment screw rod 130 in order to prevent, further, such as Figure 10 With shown in Figure 11, second axial compression mechanism further includes the second slotted nut 154 being arranged on height adjustment screw rod 130 Pass through the second slotted nut 154 with the side away from the 4th thrust bearing 152 of the second split pin 155, the second locking nut 153 Fixed, the second slotted nut 154 is fixed by the second split pin 155.After the second locking nut 153 is tightened, then tighten second Slotted nut 154 and by the second split pin 155 pass through the second slotted nut 154 and be inserted on height adjustment screw rod 130 reserve The second pin hole 132 in.Second slotted nut 154 is because there is the blocking of the second split pin 155 without generating loosening.Equally, Second locking nut 153 is because there is the blocking of the second slotted nut 154 without generating loosening.

Third loading bearing 156 and the 4th loading bearing 157 can be arranged in any suitable position.In a kind of embodiment party In formula, as shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, third loading bearing 156 be located at third thrust bearing 151 and the 4th thrust bearing 152 it Between, the 4th thrust bearing 152, the second locking nut 153 and the second slotted nut 154 are located at third loading bearing 156 and the 4th Between loading bearing 157.The side towards third loading bearing 156 of 4th loading bearing 157 can pass through the second limiting block Circle 158 is fixed, and the second limit stop ring 158 is mounted on the inner wall of height adjustment motor pedestal 120, the 4th loading bearing 157 It can be limited by height adjustment motor 110 away from the side of third loading bearing 156.

It in height adjustment, can be produced relative sliding between the first column casing 80 and the second column casing 90, and because part The influence of coefficient of friction between part, the opposite sliding of the two inevitably result from noise.In order to reduce height adjustment Noise in the process, in one embodiment, as shown in Figure 12 to Figure 16, the first column casing 80 and the second column casing 90 can pass through Slip collar 100 is slidably socketed, and slip collar 100 is mounted in the first column casing 80 and is set on the second column casing 90, sliding sleeve Ring 100 and the relative position of the first column casing 80 are fixed, on the inner wall of slip collar 100 be coated with the first anti-friction coating 101, second The second anti-friction coating 911 is coated on the outer wall of column casing 90.When height adjustment motor 110 works, height adjustment nut 140 exists It is moved on height adjustment screw rod 130, drives the second column casing 90 to slide in the first column casing 80, to realize the height of steering column Spend regulatory function.

By coating the first anti-friction coating 101 on the inner wall of slip collar 100, coated on the outer wall of the second column casing 90 Second anti-friction coating 911 can reduce the coefficient of friction between slip collar 100 and the first column casing 80, so as to reduce two The noise that person generates when sliding relatively.

Here, the first anti-friction coating 101 and the second anti-friction coating 911 can be any suitable antifriction material.For example, can Selected from one or more of the group being made of polyamide, polyformaldehyde, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), expanded ptfe.

In order to improve the adhesive rate of antifriction material, in one embodiment, copper can be contained in the first anti-friction coating 101 Net.

Slip collar 100 can be mounted in the first column casing 80 by any suitable mode, for example, with the first column casing 80 It welds or rivets.In one embodiment, as shown in figure 17, it is formed with annular mounting groove 803 on the inner wall of the first column casing 80, Slip collar 100 is embedded in annular mounting groove 803.

In order to which the second column casing 90 to be stablely supported in the first column casing 80, prevent the second column casing 90 in the first column casing 80 Shaking is generated, in one embodiment, as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13, slip collar 100 is two, two slip collars 100 Axially spaced-apart along the first column casing 80 is distributed.

Second column casing 90 can be single part, be also possible to the component being made of multiple parts, and the disclosure does not do this Limitation.

In order to improve the crashworthiness of steering column, in one embodiment, as shown in Figure 19 to Figure 22, the second column Cylinder 90 includes mutually nested sliding column casing 91 and crumple column casing 92.

In this case, the upper axis 61 of steering shaft 60 is supported in crumple column casing 92 by first bearing 71, steering shaft 60 lower axle 62 is supported in the first column casing 80 by second bearing 72, and height adjustment nut 140 is connected with sliding column casing 91, sliding Dynamic lantern ring 100 is set on sliding column casing 91, and on sliding column casing 91, the setting of the first anti-friction coating 101 exists the setting of connecting plate 912 On the outer wall for sliding column casing 91.When assembly, crumple column casing 92 is assembled to sliding column casing 91 from one end indentation of sliding column casing 91 It is interior, monitor the size of pressing-in force simultaneously during being pressed into assembly, the pressing-in force monitored after assembly in place is crumple When crumple power.

Under normal circumstances, crumple column casing 92 is fixed together with sliding column casing 91, and the two does not relatively move, height adjustment When motor 110 works, the second column casing 90 is moved axially relative to the first column casing 80 as a whole.It is touched when front occurs for vehicle When hitting, sliding column casing 91 is motionless, and impact force causes crumple column casing 92 to move axially in sliding column casing 91, crumple in moving process Column casing 92 generates crumple deformation, to absorb collision energy, reduces the injury to driver.

For the ease of controlling the crumple deformation of crumple column casing 92, in one embodiment, the second column casing 90 further includes bursting Contracting ring 93, crumple ring 93 are mounted in sliding column casing 91, and crumple ring 93 is set on crumple column casing 92 and presses with crumple column casing 92 Tight fit.When assembly, crumple ring 93 is installed to the predetermined installation site in sliding column casing 91, after being installed, crumple first Ring 93 can not move in sliding column casing 91；Then, crumple column casing 92 is assembled to sliding from one end indentation of sliding column casing 91 In column casing 91, the size of pressing-in force is monitored simultaneously during being pressed into assembly, the pressing-in force monitored after assembly in place is i.e. Crumple power when being crumple.When head-on crash occurs for vehicle, sliding column casing 91 is motionless, and impact force causes crumple column casing 92 in cunning It being moved axially in dynamic column casing 91, the surface of crumple column casing 92 is scratched by crumple ring 93 in moving process, crumple deformation is generated, thus Collision energy is absorbed, the injury to driver is reduced.

In order to increase crumple effect, in one embodiment, as shown in figure 22, it is formed on crumple ring 93 inwardly projecting Multiple raised 931, protrusion during crumple column casing 92 is moved axially relative to sliding column casing 91, on crumple ring 93 931 form scratch on the surface of crumple column casing 92, so that crumple column casing 92 generates crumple deformation.The size of crumple power can lead to The raised number and height of projection crossed on adjustment crumple ring 93 change, until meeting design requirement.Since crumple ring 93 is pair The component that crumple power has a direct impact, therefore after the size of crumple ring 93 and feature are formed, the size of crumple power is basic It determines that, so the consistency of crumple power can be made very high in this way.

In order to guarantee that the surface scratching of crumple column casing 92, the material hardness of crumple ring 93 can be greater than by crumple ring 93 The material hardness of crumple column casing 92.

Crumple ring 93 can be mounted in sliding column casing 91 by any suitable mode, such as is welded with sliding column casing 91 Or riveting.In one embodiment, as shown in figure 21, it slides and is formed with annular positioning groove 913, crumple on the inner wall of column casing 91 Ring 93 is embedded in annular positioning groove 913.

In order to increase crumple effect, while preventing crumple column casing 92 from shaking in sliding column casing 91, in a kind of embodiment In, as illustrated in figures 19 and 20, crumple ring 93 is two, axially spaced-apart distribution of two crumple rings 93 along sliding column casing 91.

In order to eliminate the gap between sliding column casing 91 and slip collar 100, reduction is shaken, in one embodiment, As shown in figure 13, it is provided with hold-down mechanism 200 on the first column casing 80, which applies to the side of sliding column casing 91 The sliding column casing 91 is pressed on the slip collar 100 by radial force.

Further, as shown in Figure 17 and Figure 18, mounting hole 804, hold-down mechanism are provided on the side wall of the first column casing 80 200 are arranged in mounting hole 804, and hold-down mechanism includes the circlip 201, disc spring pressing piece 202, multiple disc springs being cascading 203, gasket 204 and compact heap 205, circlip 201 are connected in the inner wall of mounting hole 804, multiple 203 arranged stackeds of disc spring and are pressed Tightly between the disc spring pressing piece 202 and gasket 204, compact heap 205 is connected to the side of the sliding column casing 91.Disc spring 203 elastic force is transmitted on sliding column casing 91 by compact heap 205, and sliding column casing 91 is compressed with slip collar 100.

Other than components described above, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4, the steering column of the disclosure can also include adjusting Controller 180, adjusting controller 180 are mounted on the first column casing 80, and adjusting controller 180 passes through the first harness 191 and angle It adjusts motor 10 to be connected, adjusting controller 180 is connected by the second harness 192 with height adjustment motor 110.

In order to keep steering column overall structure more compact, occupied space is smaller, in one embodiment, such as Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 Shown, along the axial direction of the first column casing 80, adjusting controller 180 is located between two ends of the first column casing 80, fixed bracket 160, angular adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism, height adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism, adjusting controller 180 are distributed in first column casing Around 80, that is, fixed bracket 160, angular adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism, height adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism, adjusting controller 180 surround the first column casing 80.

It is briefly described below that angular adjustment and height adjustment are carried out according to the steering column of an embodiment of the present disclosure The course of work.

Adjusting controller 180 drives internal circuit after receiving the signal of angular adjustment, will by the first harness 191 Driving signal is sent to angular adjustment motor 10, and angular adjustment motor 10 starts turning after receiving driving signal.Angle tune It saves by the torque transfer itself generated to angular adjustment screw rod 30 after motor 10 rotates, so that angular adjustment screw rod 30 also and then turns It is dynamic.It is feed screw nut pair between angular adjustment screw rod 30 and angular adjustment nut 40, when angular adjustment screw rod 30 rotates, angle Adjusting nut 40 is moved along the axis of angular adjustment screw rod 30.Angular adjustment nut 40 is moved along angular adjustment screw rod 30 While, also first connecting rod 171 is driven to rotate, the rotation of first connecting rod 171 will drive second connecting rod 172 around the 5th hinge axes E-E rotation, while the first column casing 80 being driven to rotate around the first hinge axes A-A, to realize the angular adjustment of steering column Function.

Adjusting controller 180 drives internal circuit after receiving the signal of height adjustment, will by the second harness 192 Driving signal is sent to height adjustment motor 110, and height adjustment motor 110 starts turning after receiving driving signal.Highly It adjusts the torque transfer itself generated after motor 110 rotates to height adjustment screw rod 130, so that height adjustment screw rod 130 And then it rotates.It is feed screw nut pair between height adjustment screw rod 130 and height adjustment nut 140, when 130 turns of height adjustment screw rod When dynamic, height adjustment nut 140 is moved along the axis of height adjustment screw rod 130.Height adjustment nut 140 and the second column casing 90 Between be fixedly connected, when height adjustment nut 140 is mobile, the second column casing 90 is also with moving together, to realize steering The height adjusting function of tubing string.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a kind of vehicle is provided, which includes steering column as described above.

The preferred embodiment of the disclosure is described in detail in conjunction with attached drawing above, still, the disclosure is not limited to above-mentioned reality The detail in mode is applied, in the range of the technology design of the disclosure, a variety of letters can be carried out to the technical solution of the disclosure Monotropic type, these simple variants belong to the protection scope of the disclosure.

It is further to note that specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, in not lance In the case where shield, it can be combined in any appropriate way.In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the disclosure to it is various can No further explanation will be given for the combination of energy.

In addition, any combination can also be carried out between a variety of different embodiments of the disclosure, as long as it is without prejudice to originally Disclosed thought equally should be considered as disclosure disclosure of that.

Claims (16)

1. a kind of steering column, which is characterized in that adjusted including steering shaft (60), the first column casing (80), the second column casing (90), height Motor (110), height adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism are saved, the second column casing (90) setting is in first column casing (80), institute Stating the second column casing (90) includes mutually nested sliding column casing (91) and crumple column casing (92), the sliding column casing (91) with it is described First column casing (80) is slidably socketed, and the steering shaft (60) includes the upper axis (61) and lower axle (62) of spline connection, the upper axis (61) it is supported in the crumple column casing (92) by first bearing (71), the lower axle (62) is supported by second bearing (72) In first column casing (80), the height adjustment motor (110) can be driven by the height adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism It moves the sliding column casing (91) to move axially relative to first column casing (80), the crumple column casing (92) is along the sliding Column casing (91) generates crumple deformation during moving axially.

2. steering column according to claim 1, which is characterized in that second column casing (90) further includes crumple ring (93), the crumple ring (93) is mounted in the sliding column casing (91), and the crumple ring (93) is set in the crumple column casing (92) on and with crumple column casing (92) compression fit.

3. steering column according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the material hardness of the crumple ring (93) is greater than described The material hardness of crumple column casing (92).

4. steering column according to claim 2, which is characterized in that be formed with ring on the inner wall of sliding column casing (91) Shape locating slot (913), crumple ring (93) setting is in the annular positioning groove (913).

5. steering column according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the crumple ring (93) is split ring.

6. steering column according to claim 2, which is characterized in that be formed on the crumple ring (93) inwardly projecting Multiple protrusions (931).

7. steering column according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the crumple ring (93) is two, and two described routed Axially spaced-apart distribution of the contracting ring (93) along sliding column casing (91).

8. steering column according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the height adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism includes height The height adjustment nut (140) for adjusting screw rod (130) and being set on the height adjustment screw rod (130), the height adjustment Screw rod (130) is connected with the height adjustment motor (110), the height adjustment nut (140) and the sliding column casing (91) It is connected, the axis of the height adjustment screw rod (130) is parallel with the axis of first column casing (80).

9. steering column according to claim 8, which is characterized in that be provided with connecting plate on the sliding column casing (91) (912), the axially extending sliding slot (801) along first column casing (80), the company are provided on first column casing (80) Fishplate bar (912) is pierced by from the sliding slot (801), and the height adjustment nut (140) is fixed on the connecting plate (912).

10. steering column according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the steering column further includes height adjustment motor Pedestal (120), the height adjustment motor (110) are fixed on the height adjustment motor pedestal (120), the height adjustment Motor base (120) is fixed on first column casing (80).

11. steering column according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the steering column further includes fixed bracket (160), angular adjustment motor (10), angular adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism, link mechanism, first column casing (80) is around the first hinge Spindle line (A-A) is hinged on the fixed bracket (160), and the angular adjustment motor (10) can pass through the angular adjustment Leading screw and nut mechanism and the link mechanism drive first column casing (80) to rotate relative to the fixed bracket (160).

12. steering column according to claim 11, which is characterized in that the angular adjustment leading screw and nut mechanism includes angle The angular adjustment nut (40) that degree adjusts screw rod (30) and is set on the angular adjustment screw rod (30), the angular adjustment silk Bar (30) is connected with the angular adjustment motor (10), the angular adjustment nut (40) by the link mechanism with it is described solid Fixed rack (160) is connected, and a connecting rod in the link mechanism is hinged on first column casing around the second hinge axes (B-B) (80) on, first hinge axes (A-A) are parallel with the second hinge axes (B-B), the angular adjustment screw rod (30) Axis it is vertical with the first hinge axes (A-A).

13. steering column according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the steering column further includes angular adjustment motor Pedestal (20), the angular adjustment motor (10) are fixed on the angular adjustment motor base (20), the angular adjustment electricity Machine pedestal (20) is hinged on first column casing (80) around third hinge axes (C-C), the third hinge axes (C-C) with First hinge axes (A-A) are parallel.

14. steering column according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the link mechanism includes first connecting rod (171) The angle tune is hinged on around the 4th hinge axes (D-D) with the first end of second connecting rod (172), the first connecting rod (171) It saves on nut (40), the second end of the first connecting rod (171) is articulated with the second connecting rod around the 6th hinge axes (F-F) (172) second end of first end, the second connecting rod (172) is hinged on the fixed bracket around the 5th hinge axes (E-E) (160) on, first hinge axes (A-A), the 4th hinge axes (D-D), the 5th hinge axes (E-E) and institute State the 6th hinge axes (F-F) in parallel, the first connecting rod (171) is hinged on described around second hinge axes (B-B) On one column casing (80).

15. steering column according to claim 11, which is characterized in that the link mechanism is two, two companies Linkage is separately positioned on the two sides of the angular adjustment nut (40).

16. a kind of vehicle, which is characterized in that including steering column described according to claim 1 any one of -15.