CN2082655U

CN2082655U - Liquid static pressure guide rail

Info

Publication number: CN2082655U
Application number: CN 90221336
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李斌
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1990-09-24
Filing date: 1990-09-24
Publication date: 1991-08-14

Abstract

The utility model relates to a liquid static pressure guide rail which is characterized in that one straight oil groove at least is opened longitudinally along the friction surface of a movable guide rail, an oil inlet hole is communicated with the straight oil groove, and the friction surface periphery of the guide rail is inlaid with frame-shaped sealing pads which is made of elastic materials; the sealing pad is slightly higher than the friction surface, and a return oil hole is opened in a region which is sealed by the frame-shaped sealing pads. The liquid static pressure guide rail is not only suitable for a plane guide rail but also is suitable for a V-shaped guide rail or a guide rail whose shape like the Chinese character 'shan'. Because no pressure oil overflows from the oil sealing surface, a closed static pressure guide rail is formed, and the rigidity and stability of an oil film are improved. The requirements of the material, the accuracy and the finish quality of the guide rail are not strict as a common static guide rail, a larger gap can be adopted, and the machining accuracy of a machine tool can not be influenced. The utility model is especially suitable for a convex triangular mountain-shaped guide rail.

Description

Liquid static pressure guide rail

The utility model relates to the layout of machine tool guideway, particularly a kind of straight-line hydrostatic slideway.

The lubricating system of machine tool guideway adopts hydrodynamic lubrication more, and the simplest is to utilize lubricating cup or intermittent hand oiling on guide rail, and this mode obviously can not guarantee in time and be lubricated fully, and is also inconvenient.For the important and guide rail large-scale precision machine, the employing hydrostatic slideway there is at present the sixth of the twelve Earthly Branches.Rectilinear motion open type static pressure guide rail is wherein exported the lubricating oil with certain pressure by oil pump, enters the guide rail oil pocket through oil piping system and flow controller, produces bearing capacity, and workbench is floated, and one deck oil film separates workbench and lathe bed.Lubricating oil in the oil pocket, from oil sealing surface outflow all around, the oil-recovery tank on lathe bed returns fuel tank by the gap.The oil pocket shape of guide rail is generally rectangle, every guide rail must not be less than two oil pockets, hydrostatic slideway should have one deck oil film with two guide pass separately in the course of the work all the time, oil film thickness is generally at 0.01～0.05mm, the open type guide clearance can not be excessive, otherwise influence oil film rigidity, also be easy to generate and creep.Therefore require in the length range of guide rail, geometric accuracy sums of the deviations such as the unflatness of guide rail are less than guide clearance.This if differentiate rail geometric accuracy sum of the deviations certainly will improve machining accuracy and rigidity greatly less than guide clearance, increases cost for the long especially lathe of guide rail, and oil sealing surface and guide rail generally must be made machining to obtain good glacing flatness.Poor for general rigidity, low, the heavily loaded lathe of precision is difficult to adopt existing hydrostatic slideway technology.In addition, the lubricating oil of open type static pressure guide rail circulation from around after oil sealing surface overflows, return through back oil road, generally all to be exposed in the air, not only influence the lathe cleaning, and very easily pollute and oxidation, influence the quality of lubricating oil.

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming of the prior art, and a kind of oil film thickness between guide rail that can improve is greatly proposed, can guarantee simultaneously the hydrostatic slideway of oil film rigidity again, under to the not high condition of precision, rigidity requirement, still can reliably realize fluid friction, and improve machining accuracy.

The purpose of this utility model realizes in the following way: vertically drive at least one straight oil groove along the motion guide rail friction surface, fuel feed hole communicates with straight oil groove, stud with the shaped as frame sealing gasket that a circle is made with elastomeric material around on the rail friction surface, sealing gasket is a little more than friction surface, and spill port is opened in Gask-O-Seal institute enclosed areas.

The used elastomeric material of sealing gasket can be nitrile rubber or fluorine road rubber.

Describe embodiment of the present utility model in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is the front view of sealing hydrostatic slideway friction surface.

Fig. 2 is the transverse cross-sectional view of this hydrostatic slideway along the A-A line.

Referring to Fig. 1, along hydrostatic slideway friction surface 1 vertically have two straight oil grooves 2, fuel feed hole 3 is positioned in the middle of two oil grooves, and leads to by translot 9 and two longitudinal oil grooves.Look the guide pass width and can drive 1～4 straight oil groove, spill port 5 is also opened on the rubbing surface of motion guide rail.In the periphery of straight oil groove 2, fuel feed hole 3 and spill port 5, stud with the shaped as frame sealing gasket 6 of a circle head and the tail sealing, available nitrile rubber or fluorine road rubber one elastic-like material are made, and should have grease proofing, anticorrosion, wear-resisting, heat-resisting characteristic.Frictional force between rubber and the metal is less, is especially having under the lubricated situation, and sealing gasket 6 should be smooth, bright and clean, ground with grinding machine, and should be embedded in the groove 7, sees Fig. 2, and the oil groove of this hydrostatic slideway should leave on moving guide rail (workbench).When not filling pressure oil, pressure between guide rail is mainly by the rubber seal pad supports, after sealing gasket is compressed, two guide pass keep in touch, behind fuel feed hole 3 charged pressure oil, be full of pressure oil in oil groove 2 and the gap 8, the motion guide rail that will have oil groove and sealing gasket floats, the pressure that sealing gasket is subjected to reduces, highly elongation.During operate as normal, sealing gasket 6 must keep light pressure with stationary guide rails 10, pressure oil in the oil pocket can not be leaked, reliably it is sealed, because of the coefficient of friction of rubber and metal surface less (0.03～0.06), pressure is very low again therebetween, so when sliding relatively, frictional force is minimum, adopted the hydrostatic slideway of sealing gasket, the gap of friction surface can increase to 0.06～0.10mm, even guide rail machining accuracy and rigidity are poor, also can fully friction surface be separated, realize liquid bulk friction completely.

Usually, the gap of hydrostatic slideway (being oil film thickness) is bigger, and flow is bigger, and rigidity reduces, and drift appears in guide rail easily.Though this sealing hydrostatic slideway gap is bigger, owing to there is not pressure oil to overflow from oil sealing surface, the fuel delivery in the oil pocket can be controlled very for a short time, is equivalent to closed hydrostatic slideway, can guarantee very big oil film rigidity and machining accuracy fully as long as fuel feeding is more stable.

Usually sealing gasket 6 should be a little more than friction surface 0.08～0.10mm, even during fuel cut-off, oil groove 2 and gap 8 have still stored a certain amount of lubricating oil reliably, can remain lubricating status, so can be used in the vertical rail lathe, the sealing gasket height is relevant with the machine tool type load, differs greatly, and it is suitable to select.Exceed guide pass 0.10mm as lathe guide rail sealing gasket, be compressed to the contact of two guide pass when unloaded.The sealing gasket height should satisfy under the prerequisite of oil film thickness, reduce as far as possible and guide rail between normal pressure and frictional force, and should guarantee not have pressure oil and leak, the load that charge oil pressure mainly bears according to guide rail (comprising workbench weight) is decided, oil supply system that this guide rail is used and common hydrostatic slideway are basic identical, and operating process is also basic identical.

The seal form of the utility model hydrostatic slideway both had been applicable to flat guide, also was applicable to various V-ways.It is simple in structure, but effect is identical with closed hydrostatic slideway, because directly contact when parking (comprise startups) between the guide pass, so guide pass can not wear and tear, and can keep precision for a long time, and the life-span is long.Starting power and friction loss simultaneously is little, and power consumption is also less, the mechanical efficiency height.So not tight to material, precision and the fineness requirement of guide rail in addition as hydrostatic slideway yet, can adopt bigger gap and lower fineness.Save panel but do not reduced the rigidity and the precision of lathe, and had good absorbing.Be specially adapted to the lathe of high efficiency, high-precision all kinds lathe, especially vertical rail.To protruding triangle chevron hydrostatic slideway, must adopt the shaped as frame rubber gasket, otherwise can't realize prismatic hydrostatic slideway structure.

Claims

1, a kind of hydrostatic slideway, comprise bed ways, motion guide rail, fuel feed hole 3, spill port 5, oil piping system and choke valve, it is characterized in that vertically having at least one a straight oil groove 2 along said motion guide rail friction surface 1, fuel feed hole 3 communicates with straight oil groove 2, stud with the shaped as frame sealing gasket 6 that a circle is made with elastomeric material around on the rail friction surface, sealing gasket is a little more than friction surface, and spill port 5 is opened in 6 enclosed areas of Gask-O-Seal.

2, hydrostatic slideway as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said Gask-O-Seal 6 used elastomeric materials are nitrile rubber or fluorine road rubber.