A kind of core pattern integral type sand mould structure of cylinder cap casting
Technical field
The utility model relates to casting technology field, in particular to a kind of cylinder head made by 3D printing moulding process
The core pattern integral type sand mould structure of casting.
Background technique
Cylinder head is one of the key components and parts in medium speed diesel engines, and material is HT300(alloy), structure is as schemed
Shown in 1 and Fig. 2, inner cavity configuration is extremely complex, and especially inlet and outlet pipeline outer wall is minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) position, and wall thickness is only
8mm.Cylinder cap casting internal structure mainly include air intake duct, exhaust duct, lower water cavity, side water cavity, nozzle opening, four bolts hole 4,
There are one complex-shaped top depression position 1, there are several not Tongfangs outward in the side of casting all directions for casting bottom
To the evagination position with orientation, these evagination positions are dispersed with Fighter Inlet 4 respectively, lower water cavity import 9, side water cavity import 8,
Air intake port 10 and exhaust duct outlet 11 is distributed in lower water cavity outlet 5, side water cavity outlet 7, casting bottom.
In the prior art, cylinder head mainly uses hand moulding to cast, and internal labyrinth is all by complex-shaped
Sand core is spliced to form.Cylinder-head port is space curved surface, and water cavity is wrapped in around air flue, and shape is in Spatial Multi-Dimensional curved surface.Due to
Casting structure is complicated, needs to be divided into multiple sand cores, sand core is complex-shaped and structural weak, coremaking are difficult.For water cavity core, sand
Also breather cord need to be arranged in centre in core, to realize in casting process and after casting, be exhausted to sand core, complicated for operation,
Therefore high to the skill requirement of cotemaker.Under mould assembling when core, need to adjust by constantly measuring cavity dimension with dedicated snap-gauge
Whole sand core gap, it is cumbersome to realize the size Control of air flue and water cavity, it is also necessary to make dedicated snap-gauge, generally require by
The master craftsman of work at least 10 years or more could complete.Cylinder head finished product cast is often due to misoperation during mould assembling, out
Existing field trash or wall thickness are partially thin, and final casting suppresses leakage and do not conform to and scrap, and rate of wasted casting product averagely reaches 20- in industry
40%。
As 3D printing is using more and more common, at present also occur producing sand mold using 3D printing technique, sand mold at
The design of shape technique has dramatically different according to the experience of designer, or even to have individual manufacturing enterprises to directly adopt Manual mold raw
The technique of production produces sand mold, core used in cylinder cap casting.Application number: 201510163079.4, " the casting model powder of diesel engine cylinder cover
Core ", 4 pieces of sand molds (core) are designed as, compound monoblock type sand core integrates chassis sand core, air intake duct portion, exhaust duct portion, upper water sleeve
Portion, lower water jacket portion, tappet hole portion use laser sintering (SLS) method, other sand molds do not include cast-internal structure substantially, entirely
It is simple shape, is come out using digitlization mould-free forming machine number Milling Machining, organization management difficulty is big, and forming efficiency
It is low.In addition, it devises large number of sand removal window, it is also necessary to go to seal with special viscous core, casting bottom will form largely
Criticize seam (overlap).
Utility model content
The utility model is more for sand core quantity in above-mentioned cylinder cap casting casting technique in the prior art, and structure is complicated,
Coremaking difficulty is big, and assembling process is complicated and assembly precision is difficult to control equal various problems, provides a kind of cylinder cap casting
Core pattern integral type sand mould structure integrates complicated sand core structure in upper sand mold and lower sand mold by 3D printing technique,
Assembly positioning is reduced, dress group process is simplified, guarantees that casting section thickness is of uniform size, quality is stablized, and casting qualification rate is improved.
To achieve the above object, the core pattern integral type sand mould structure of a kind of cylinder cap casting of the utility model, including 3D
Upper sand mold and lower sand mold made of printing include and the top surface cope down core of sand mold one printing shaping, spray in the upper sand mold
Oil nozzle core, side water cavity core and cover board core include air intake duct core, exhaust duct core, lower water cavity core, four bolts in the lower sand mold
The stepped parting at the die joint of Kong Xin and bottom plate core, the upper sand mold and lower sand mold sand mold internal cavity position in order to facilitate observation of
Face.
The core pattern integral type sand mould structure of the cylinder cap casting of the utility model, by means of the integrally formed sand mold of 3D printing
Technology will cut whole sand mold as upper sand mold and lower sand mold, and the sand core structure forms one with upper sand mold and lower sand mold respectively
The sand mould structure of body had both formed the profile of casting shape in sand mold, sand core structure corresponding with foring, by reasonably setting
Stepped parting face is set, was both operated convenient for mould assembly, and also simplified mould assembling and clamping process.The structure of the utility model is overturned completely
Sand core and sand core make respectively in original casting sand type structure, the sand mould structure of repositioning group core mould assembling, while reducing sand mold
The difficulty of moulding improves sand mold precision, and sand mold and lower sand mold on the utility model, completely may be used in different production batches
It is general to exchange, reduce rejection rate.
Further, the stepped parting face include include horizontal direction the first die joint from the top down, second point
Type face and third die joint, first die joint collateral part along casting since the corresponding side in casting top collateral part position
The corresponding horizontal direction parting in position middle and lower part, suitable position of the second die joint parting along the other laterally projecting positions of casting
Cutting process is set, the third die joint is from the other side far from the first die joint sand mold along the level side concordant with casting bottom surface
To cutting to away from casting cavity side to certain distance, vertical joint face one between first die joint and the second die joint and
Vertical joint face two between second die joint and third die joint is respectively with level at 95 °~105 ° angles, in order to be formed
Certain lower core gradient.
The bottom plate in-core is equipped with cross gate and ingate, is equipped with sprue in the upper sand mold, the ingate into
Liquid level is setting in casting bottom surface, and cross gate is located at the outside of casting bottom surface, and the top surface of the cross gate is concordant with casting bottom surface, institute
State third die joint cutting and opens cross gate top surface by cross gate top surface on the outside of sand mold, and ingate is on the downside of the air intake duct
Corresponding casting is laterally connected to casting type chamber, and the sectional area ratio of the sprue, cross gate and ingate is 1:1.8-2.2:
2.0-2.5。
For convenient for the mould assembling of sand mold positioning, on corresponding second die joint of the lower sand mold, air intake duct core is to casting air inlet
Mouthful outside extending direction is equipped with core print one, and on corresponding second die joint of the upper sand core, the side water cavity core is to side water cavity
Export direction, which extends, is equipped with core print two, and the side water cavity core extends outward to side water cavity importer is equipped with core sand three.
For the integrality for guaranteeing sand core structure, the joint face one between first die joint and the second die joint is to have to turn
The vertical joint face of folding makes the whole by the complete cutting of the second die joint of core print two.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram one of cylinder cap casting.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram two of cylinder cap casting.
Fig. 3 is cylinder cap casting and casting technique three-dimensional modeling figure.
Fig. 4 is the explosive view of cylinder cap casting internal cores.
Fig. 5 is the lower sand mould structure schematic diagram of the cylinder cap casting of the utility model.
Fig. 6 is the upper sand mould structure schematic diagram of the cylinder cap casting of the utility model.
Fig. 7 is sand mold mould assembling schematic diagram.
Fig. 8 is the diagrammatic cross-section after sand mold mould assembling.
Wherein, 1 top depression position;2 Fighter Inlets;3 exhaust duct imports;4 bolts hole;5 lower water cavity outlets;6 tops
Pleurapophysis position;The outlet of 7 side water cavities;8 side water cavity imports;9 lower water cavity imports;10 air intake ports;The outlet of 11 exhaust ducts;12
Riser;13 exhaust sections;14 sprues;15 cross gates;16 ingates;17 exhaust duct cores;18 side water cavity cores;19 top surface cope downs
Core;20 nozzle cores;21 lower water cavity cores;22 bolt hole cores;23 air intake duct cores;24 lower water cavity cores;25 lower sand molds;Sand on 26
Type;27 fixtures;28 collection sand traps.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
It is the core pattern integral type sand mould structure of the cylinder cap casting of the utility model as shown in Fig. 5 to Fig. 8, including 3D is beaten
Upper sand mold 26 and lower sand mold 25 made of print, include in upper sand mold 26 with the top surface cope down core 19 of sand mold one printing shaping,
Nozzle core 20, side water cavity core 18 and cover board core include air intake duct core 23, exhaust duct core 17, lower water cavity core in lower sand mold 25
21, four bolt hole cores 22 and bottom plate core, sand mold internal cavity is each in order to facilitate observation of for the die joint of upper sand mold 26 and lower sand mold 25
The stepped parting face at position.
Further, the stepped parting face of the utility model include include the first die joint of horizontal direction from the top down
25A, the second die joint 25B and third die joint 25C, the first die joint 25A are opened from the corresponding side in casting top collateral part position 6
Begin the corresponding horizontal direction parting in collateral part position middle and lower part along casting, and the second die joint 25B parting is other lateral prominent along casting
The suitable position cutting at position out is passed through, third die joint 25C from the other side far from the first die joint sand mold along and casting
The concordant horizontal direction cutting in bottom surface to away from casting cavity side to certain distance, the first die joint 25A and the second die joint 25B it
Between one 25D of vertical joint face and the second die joint 25B and third die joint 25C between two 25E of vertical joint face respectively with
Level is at 95 °~105 ° angles, in order to form certain lower core gradient.
The running gate system insole board in-core of the utility model is equipped with cross gate 15 and ingate 16, is equipped in upper sand mold and directly pours
Road 14, the feed liquor position of ingate 14 are located at casting bottom surface, and cross gate 15 is located at the outside of casting bottom surface, 15 top surfaces of cross gate
It is concordant with casting bottom surface, third die joint 25C on the outside of sand mold cutting and by 15 top surface of cross gate make cross gate top surface open,
The corresponding casting side on the downside of air intake duct of ingate 14 is connected to casting type chamber, sprue 14, cross gate 15 and ingate 16
Sectional area ratio be 1:1.8-2.2:2.0-2.5.
For convenient for the mould assembling of sand mold positioning, on the corresponding second die joint 25B of lower sand mold 25, air intake duct core 23 to casting into
Extending direction is equipped with one 23A of core print on the outside of port, and on corresponding second die joint of upper sand core 26, side water cavity core 18 is to side water cavity
Export direction, which extends, is equipped with two 18A of core print, and side water cavity core 18 extends outward to side water cavity importer is equipped with three 18C of core sand.
For the integrality for guaranteeing sand core structure, joint face one between the first die joint 25A and the second die joint 25B
25D is to have the vertical joint face of turnover to make the entirety of two 18A of core print by the complete cutting of the second die joint.
The core pattern integral type sand mould structure of the cylinder cap casting of the utility model, by means of the integrally formed sand mold of 3D printing
Technology will cut whole sand mold as upper sand mold and lower sand mold, and the sand core structure forms one with upper sand mold and lower sand mold respectively
The sand mould structure of body had both formed the profile of casting shape in sand mold, sand core structure corresponding with foring, by reasonably setting
Stepped parting face is set, was both operated convenient for mould assembly, and also simplified mould assembling and clamping process.The structure of the utility model is overturned completely
Sand core and sand core make respectively in original casting sand type structure, the sand mould structure of repositioning group core mould assembling, while reducing sand mold
The difficulty of moulding improves sand mold precision, and sand mold and lower sand mold on the utility model, completely may be used in different production batches
It is general to exchange, reduce rejection rate.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Fig. 3-Fig. 8, it is the core pattern integral type formative method of the cylinder cap casting in Fig. 1-2, including walks as follows
It is rapid:
Step 1, the threedimensional model of three-dimensional modeling cylinder cap casting in three-dimensional software carry out founder's work on model
The three-dimensional setting of skill, casting Technology Design include Feeder Design, Design of Runner System and exhaust system design, as shown in Figure 3.Its
In, when Feeder Design, in casting top surface, two riser 12 for being higher than casting, two riser 12 are respectively set in the position of thickest
Feeding amount be the 3% of casting volume, two riser are equipped with a public air outlet section 13 upwards, and 13 downside of air outlet section reversely being stretched
Prolong section and be equipped with collection sand trap 28, for preventing foreign from causing casting to be mingled with from exhaust outlet carry out type chamber.The utility model
In dead head structure, subsection setup feeding section and shared air outlet section can save feeding liquid measure, riser runner position design collection sand
Trap 28 prevents loose sand from entering type chamber;Outside the common exhaust section of remove feeder, as needed at the other positions of cast top according to need
Also other gas vents to be appropriately arranged with.Using bottom filling opening and ratio running gate system, running gate system when Design of Runner System
Feed liquor position be located at casting bottom surface, specifically include the sprue 14 that casting bottom side is extended into from casting outside upright, it is horizontal
Cross gate 15 and ingate 16, the sectional area ratio of sprue 14, cross gate 15 and ingate 16 are 1:1.8-2.2:2.0-2.5,
Cross gate 16 is located at the outside of casting bottom surface, and the top surface of cross gate 16 is concordant with casting bottom surface.
Step 2 carries out sand mold three dimensional design, one is built in three-dimensional software according to the structure of casting and casting technique structure
Cuboid sand base makes the circumference periphery mold thickness 80-150mm of three-dimensional casting technique, and sand base top surface is than sprue, outlet
The low 30-80mm in riser top surface asks poor with cuboid sand base, being formed has complete type using entire three-dimensional casting technique as cutter
The whole sand mold of chamber.
Step 3 analyzes casting structure and sand core structure, is modeled in molding whole sand mold through the above steps except formation
All outer profiles of casting begin to speak it is outer, also containing being connected to form one top surface cope down core 19 with sand mold in sand mold, nozzle core
20, side water cavity core 18,21, four hole spiral shell Quan cores 22 of lower water cavity core, the main body sand cores such as air intake duct core 17 and exhaust duct core 17 and its
The paving at its related position helps core.According to positional relationship of each sand core inside sand mold, stepped parting is carried out to whole sand mold, it will
Whole sand mold parting is the upper sand mold 26 and lower sand mold 25 at each position of internal cavity from being convenient for from die joint different direction, point
Include air intake duct core 23, exhaust duct core 17, lower water cavity core 24 in lower sand mold after type, four bolt hole cores 22 and with sand base one
The bottom plate core of body, bottom plate in-core include the cross gate 15 and ingate 16 of running gate system, and form the wheel of the bottom of casting
Exterior feature, the interior top surface cope down core 19 corresponding including casting top surface depressed area 1 of upper sand mold 26, nozzle core 20, side water cavity core 18
With the cover board core for shaped casting top structure.The die joint of upper sand mold 26 and lower sand mold 25 is ladder-like die joint, ladder
Shape die joint is equipped with the first die joint 25A, the second die joint 25B and third die joint 25C from the top down in the horizontal direction, and first
The corresponding horizontal direction in collateral part position middle and lower part along casting since the corresponding side in casting top collateral part position 6 of die joint 25
Parting, suitable position cutting of the second die joint 25B along the other laterally projecting positions of casting are passed through, and determine the second die joint position
When setting, upper sand mold and lower sand mold after should making parting are along die joint different direction it is observed that each portion of sand mold internal cavity
Position, with the observation of internal sand removal, applications after facilitating sand mold to form etc., in addition, also to be taken into account in parting when the second die joint of determination
The suitable position in face is arranged core print, positioning when in order to sand mold mould assembling, in the present embodiment, in lower sand mold, by air intake duct core
The upper half at 23 corresponding air inlet positions extends to form one 23A of semi-cylindrical core print to casting air inlet outside, in upper sand mold
It is middle that side water cavity core 18 is extended to form into two 18A of core print, 18 image side water cavity import direction of side water cavity core to the export direction of side water cavity
Outside extends to form three 18B of core sand, and the corresponding site of corresponding upper sand mold 26 and lower sand mold 25 is respectively equipped with the protrusion with core print
The concave surface matching part of position cooperation.From the other side far from the first die joint 25A sand mold when determining third die joint 25C,
Just be proximate to the outer lateral edge horizontal direction cutting concordant with casting bottom surface of the side of cross gate to away from casting cavity side to certain
Distance makes third die joint and cross gate either flush, will open at the top of cross gate, to facilitate the cleaning of sand material in cross gate;
To make the reasonable transition connection in three horizontal parting faces, passing through between the first die joint 25A and the second die joint 25B is vertically connected
One 25D connection of face passes through vertical two 25E connection of joint face, third connection between the second die joint 25B and third die joint 25C
Face and third joint face are respectively with level at 95 °~105 ° angles, in order to form certain lower core mould assembling gradient;In addition, being
Guarantee the complete of two structure of core print, because the stretching direction of two 18A of core print is oblique stretching, the first die joint and the second die joint
Between joint face one be core print two stretching direction have the turnover of certain angle, turning angle and core to two stretching direction
One keeps appropriately distance to and with core print two, can guarantee the integrality of core print two in this way, be integrally dispersed in core print two together
In one sand mold.
Step 4 utilizes contracting by sand mold 26 on 3D printer entirety printing shaping and lower sand mold 25 in three-dimensional software
It puts body order the reduced scale of sand mold is added on sand mold, exports STL data, be sliced according to printing thickness, after slice
Three-dimensional data imports 3D printer, and 3D printing parameter is arranged, and prints upper sand mold 26 and lower sand mold 25 respectively;
Step 5, by after printing upper sand mold and lower sand mold sand removal, lower sand mold after sand removal as shown in figure 5, upper sand mold such as
It, can be with the type chamber profile and sand core profile in each suitable orientation of die joint and angle observation sand mold various places inside, then shown in Fig. 6
Pass through upper sand mold 26 and lower 25 mould assembling of sand mold outside whole sand mold after mould assembling after the application, drying, drying of each sand mold
Fixture, which is loaded, to be fixedly clamped.Complete the core pattern integral type moulding of the cylinder cap casting of the present embodiment.
In the core pattern integral type formative method of the above-mentioned cylinder cap casting of the utility model, to cast-internal cavity structure point
Analysis, air intake duct and exhaust duct respectively there are two the cavity for being in " people " font, from input end to outlet end from an import respectively to
Bottom side branches into two outlets, lower water cavity package air inlet and exhaust duct, (internal to air intake duct and exhaust duct in complete machine operation
Have high-temperature gas) it is cooled down, side water cavity is connected to nozzle opening;Lower water cavity, side water cavity are not connected to each other;Four bolt hole both ends
Head processing, but interlude finishes again for both ends after the direct casting and forming of hair side;According to above structure feature, built by three-dimensional
Die casting and casting technique structure, and carry out asking poor in sand base by meeting casting desired size in three-dimensional software, to be formed
Whole sand mold, the disposable labyrinth that type chamber, sand core and casting technique required for casting are generated by software systems, exempts
The complicated conventional procedures such as casting mold, coremaking, group core;Then straight by three-dimensional software to whole sand mold according to cast-internal structure
Tap into row order ladder type cutting, whole sand mold cut as upper sand mold and lower sand mold, the sand core structure respectively with upper sand mold and under
Sand mold forms integrated sand mould structure, i.e., the profile of casting shape had both been formed in sand mold, sand core structure corresponding with foring, and leads to
Reasonable equipment stepped parting face is crossed, was both operated convenient for mould assembly, and also simplified mould assembling and clamping process.The good sand mold of three dimensional device
Afterwards, only the three-dimensional data of upper sand mold, lower sand mold need to be imported 3D sand mold printer, sets print parameters, starts printer, i.e.,
The 3D printing forming of achievable upper sand mold, lower sand mold, substitutes original moulding, coremaking operation, while reducing sand mold and making completely
The difficulty of type improves sand mold precision, and each upper sand mold and lower sand mold made by the method for the utility model, different
General, reduction rejection rate can be interchanged in production batch completely.