CN208156009U - A kind of sawn timber surface quality grades dividing device - Google Patents
A kind of sawn timber surface quality grades dividing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN208156009U CN208156009U CN201820214632.1U CN201820214632U CN208156009U CN 208156009 U CN208156009 U CN 208156009U CN 201820214632 U CN201820214632 U CN 201820214632U CN 208156009 U CN208156009 U CN 208156009U
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- sawn timber
- moisture content
- inspection apparatus
- surface quality
- vision inspection
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of sawn timber surface quality grades dividing device.In the grade classification device, detecting device for moisture content, weighing sensor, vision inspection apparatus and code-spraying equipment are disposed with along the direction of transfer of sawn timber；Detecting device for moisture content, weighing sensor, vision inspection apparatus output end with middle control mechatronics；Detecting device for moisture content is used to detect the moisture content of sawn timber；Weighing sensor is used to detect the weight of sawn timber；Vision inspection apparatus is used to detect the surface defect of sawn timber；Code-spraying equipment is for stamping grade mark to sawn timber under the control of middle control machine；Vision inspection apparatus includes six positive shooting cameras, and six cameras are separately positioned on surface, underface, directly to the left, directly to the right, front and the dead astern six direction of position to be captured.Using device disclosed by the utility model, classification accuracy can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to timber structure sawing technical fields, more particularly to a kind of sawn timber surface quality grades
Dividing device.
Background technique
Develop the major transformation that assembled timber buildings are green low-carbon architecture construction modes.Assembled timber buildings
Main structure be the building being assembled by prefabricated components such as beam, column, support, truss, wooden bearing walls in building-site,
The core cell material of prefabricated components used in assembled timber buildings first is that sawn timber.Sawn timber is built according to assembled timber structure
Design requirement is built, to sawn timber cross-sectional width and highly to be sized the dimension stock of processing, mechanical property directly affects assembly
The safety and quality of formula timber buildings.According to the design requirement of assembled timber buildings, structure sawn timber is according to its bending resistance
Elastic mould value can be divided into several strength grades.Sawn timber after excessively waiting, can directly apply light truss, wall etc.
Component can also combine the large scale glue laminated wood member being processed into assembled timber buildings by ad eundem or different grade, answer
In building for the different stress form structures such as heavy beam column, to reach the excellent use of excellent material, suitable material is applicable in, raising structure saw
The comprehensive utilization ratio of material.
Currently, the classification of sawn timber is there are mainly two types of method, including range estimation classification and mechanical classification, range estimation classification is long-term
On the basis of production practices and many experimental results, the influence for defects various in sawn timber to intensity and appearance is assessed,
According to classification rule, the mode with the naked eye observed carries out grade classification to sawn timber.Mechanical classification is using mechanical equipment to sawn timber
Nondestructive test is carried out, determines lumber class by the sawn timber bending strength and elasticity modulus of measurement.Due to estimating classification side
Method ocular and simple, using more in industrial production, but this method is influenced big, and large labor intensity, life by subjective factor
Inefficiency is produced, it is inconsistent to will cause inspection result, causes product quality very different.And sawn timber table is realized by mechanical device
The automatic division of face credit rating, it is ensured that inspection result consistency improves sawn timber production efficiency and classification accuracy.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of sawn timber surface quality grades dividing devices, improve classification accuracy.
To achieve the above object, the utility model provides following scheme：
A kind of sawn timber surface quality grades dividing device, including：Moisture content is disposed with along the direction of transfer of sawn timber
Detection device, weighing sensor, vision inspection apparatus and code-spraying equipment；The detecting device for moisture content, the weighing sensor,
The output end of the vision inspection apparatus with middle control mechatronics；The detecting device for moisture content is for detecting the sawn timber
Moisture content；The weighing sensor is used to detect the weight of the sawn timber；The vision inspection apparatus is for detecting the sawn timber
Surface defect and identify sawn timber annual ring；The code-spraying equipment is for stamping table to the sawn timber under the control of the middle control machine
Face credit rating and the stress levels of entry evaluation label；
The vision inspection apparatus includes six positive shooting cameras, and six cameras are being separately positioned on position to be captured just
On top, underface, directly to the left, directly to the right, front and dead astern six direction.
Optionally, the vision inspection apparatus further includes multiple oblique shooting cameras, multiple oblique shooting cameras be located at it is described to
The oblique upper and obliquely downward of camera site；The angle of the shooting angle of each oblique shooting camera and horizontal plane 20 °~70 ° it
Between it is adjustable.
Optionally, which further includes the first photoelectric sensor, the second photoelectric sensor, third photoelectric sensing
Device and the 4th photoelectric sensor；
First photoelectric sensor is between the conveyer belt initial position and the detecting device for moisture content and leans on
The nearly detecting device for moisture content；Second photoelectric sensor is located at the detecting device for moisture content and the weighing sensor
Between and close to the weighing sensor；The third photoelectric sensor is located at the weighing sensor and the vision-based detection fills
Between setting and close to the vision inspection apparatus；4th photoelectric sensor is located at the vision inspection apparatus and the coding
Between equipment and close to the code-spraying equipment.
Optionally, the vision inspection apparatus is arranged in Image Acquisition room.
Optionally, lighting device is additionally provided in described image collection room.
Optionally, which further includes motor；The motor drives the sawn timber to pass for driving conveyer belt
It send.
According to specific embodiment provided by the utility model, the utility model discloses following technical effects：This is practical new
Whether sawn timber surface quality grades dividing device disclosed in type, the surface using vision inspection apparatus analysis sawn timber meet default item
Part improves the accuracy and effect of sawn timber range estimation hierarchical detection to carry out range estimation classification to sawn timber using machine vision technique
Rate.Meanwhile using the volume and type of image analysis sawn timber, and identify sawn timber annual ring, measure quality using weighing sensor, ties
The volume of sawn timber is closed to obtain the density of sawn timber, according to density, the type of sawn timber, annual ring information, moisture content, surface defect,
In conjunction with corresponding to sawn timber density in experimental data base in middle control machine, the type of sawn timber, annual ring information, moisture content, surface defect
Elasticity modulus gives tested one preliminary stress grading of sawn timber, and the sawn timber to be classified without mechanical stress provides preliminary stress
Classification reference.Moreover, the utility model realizes multiple device continuous actions, the automation of lumber class division is realized, is improved
The efficiency that lumber class divides.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the embodiment of the utility model or the technical proposal in the existing technology more clearly, below will be to embodiment
Needed in attached drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only the utility model
Some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative labor, can also basis
These attached drawings obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structure drawing of device of the utility model sawn timber surface quality grades dividing device embodiment one；
Fig. 2 is the device knot of the vision inspection apparatus of the utility model sawn timber surface quality grades dividing device embodiment one
Composition；
Fig. 3 is the device knot of the vision inspection apparatus of the utility model sawn timber surface quality grades dividing device embodiment two
Composition；
Fig. 4 is the side of rank division method embodiment used by the utility model sawn timber surface quality grades dividing device
Method flow chart.
Specific embodiment
The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, carries out the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model
Clearly and completely describe, it is clear that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than whole
Embodiment.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are without making creative work
Every other embodiment obtained, fall within the protection scope of the utility model.
To keep the above objects, features, and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, with reference to the accompanying drawing and have
Body embodiment is described in further detail the utility model.
Fig. 1 is the structure drawing of device of the utility model sawn timber surface quality grades dividing device embodiment one.
Referring to Fig. 1, the sawn timber surface quality grades dividing device device, including：Rack 1, conveyer belt 2, motor 3.It is described
Conveyer belt 2 is arranged on the rack 1, and the motor 3 drives the sawn timber 4 to transmit for driving the conveyer belt 2 to transmit.
Detecting device for moisture content 5, weighing sensor 6, vision inspection apparatus are disposed with along the direction of transfer of sawn timber 4
7 and code-spraying equipment 8；The detecting device for moisture content 5, the weighing sensor 6, the output end of the vision inspection apparatus 7 are equal
With middle control mechatronics；The detecting device for moisture content 5 is used to detect the moisture content of the sawn timber 4；The weighing sensor 6 is used
In the weight for detecting the sawn timber 4；The vision inspection apparatus 7 is for detecting described in the surface defect and identification of the sawn timber 4
The annual ring of sawn timber 4；The code-spraying equipment 8 is for stamping grade mark to the sawn timber 4 under the control of the middle control machine；It is described
Vision inspection apparatus 7 is arranged in Image Acquisition room 9；Lighting device 10 is additionally provided in described image collection room 9.
The grade classification device further includes the first photoelectric sensor 11, the second photoelectric sensor 12, third photoelectric sensor
13 and third photoelectric sensor 14；First photoelectric sensor 11 be located at conveyer belt initial position with it is described aqueous
Between rate detection device 5 and close to the detecting device for moisture content 5, whether enter moisture content detection for detecting the sawn timber 4
Region；Second photoelectric sensor 12 is between the detecting device for moisture content 5 and the weighing sensor 6 and close to institute
Weighing sensor 6 is stated, for detecting whether the sawn timber 4 enters weighing area；The third photoelectric sensor 13 is located at described
Between weighing sensor 6 and the vision inspection apparatus 7 and close to the vision inspection apparatus 7, it is for detecting the sawn timber 4
No vision-based detection region of entering；The third photoelectric sensor 14 be located at the vision inspection apparatus 7 and the code-spraying equipment 8 it
Between and close to the code-spraying equipment 8, for detecting whether the sawn timber 4 enters marked region.First photoelectric sensor 11, second
Photoelectric sensor 12, third photoelectric sensor 13 and third photoelectric sensor 14 are respectively detecting device for moisture content 5, weighing biography
Sensor 6, vision inspection apparatus 7 and code-spraying equipment 8 provide enabling signal.
Fig. 2 is the device of the vision inspection apparatus 7 of the utility model sawn timber surface quality grades dividing device embodiment one
Structure chart.
Referring to fig. 2, which includes six positive shooting cameras, and six cameras are separately positioned on to be captured
On the surface of position, underface, directly to the left, directly to the right, front and dead astern six direction.
Six positive shooting cameras mainly for detection of the middle section of sawn timber 4, fasciation section, combination section, knothole, small worm channel, grub hole,
The defects of being machined offset, skips-in-planting, splitting, rotten, cross grain.These defects all occur substantially in the wide face of sawn timber and narrow
Face and the end position of sawn timber, it is only necessary to arrange that four cameras in wide face and leptoprosopy and both ends arrange that two cameras carry out image
Acquisition.
Fig. 3 is the device of the vision inspection apparatus 7 of the utility model sawn timber surface quality grades dividing device embodiment two
Structure chart.
Referring to Fig. 3, which further includes multiple oblique shooting cameras, multiple oblique shooting cameras be located at it is described to
The oblique upper and obliquely downward of camera site；The angle of the shooting angle of each oblique shooting camera and horizontal plane 20 °~70 ° it
Between it is adjustable.
Oblique shooting camera hurts hole, saw kerf, wane, crackle, three faces section, strip section, round edge mainly for detection of the processing of sawn timber
These defects such as section, blue change.These defects mainly appear on the corner of the side of sawn timber and on two faces of sawn timber width.
The identification of sawn timber type may be implemented in the utility model.Sawn timber during growth, can the natural line of self-assembling formation
Reason, native texture show certain systematicness, and longitudinal stripe texture is presented in some, and transverse pattern texture is presented in some, this is practical
It is novel to can be good at detecting the native texture regular nature of sawn timber by the way that multiple cameras are arranged, there is the identification of the sawn timber texture depth
Function.Sawn timber texture contrast has and has shallowly deeply, and deeper texture and shallower texture can be examined well by the utility model
It measures and；Different sawn timbers has different twills, and by using fractal geometry analytic approach, to sawn timber, radial, tangential texture divides
Shape feature is inquired into, and the values of fractal dimension of sawn timber texture characterizes the shape, distribution density, uniformity coefficient of sawn timber surface texture
And width characteristics, and then judge the type of sawn timber detected.
Defect kind identification may be implemented in the utility model, and detailed process is：
Using neural network algorithm, Study of recognition is carried out to the type of sawn timber surface defect：Sawn timber surface defect has ash
The characteristics of spending difference, shape difference, disparity, the utility model select gray feature, shape feature, geometrical characteristic to establish
Property data base, as the judgment basis of defect kind, the process for establishing database is：
The basic configuration of defect is portrayed using minimum circumscribed rectangle：According to the length and width ratio of minimum circumscribed rectangle as special
Value indicative distinguishes leptosomatic defect (strip section, basic wane, crackle)；Saw kerf, worm channel, knothole are distinguished according to rectangle angle value
These three defects；
The location information for reflecting defect by establishing coordinate system can be used for middle section, fasciation section, combination section, knothole, small worm
The defects of hole, grub hole, machining offset, skips-in-planting, splitting, rotten, cross grain.These defects all occur in sawn timber substantially
Wide face and leptoprosopy, abscissa (coordinate of sawn timber axial direction) has good effect for distinguishing these defects, and ordinate (is sawed
The coordinate of material radial direction) for distinguishing defect type effect less, it does not need to use.
The gray feature of average gray value and gray scale mean square deviation reflection defect, can reflect the bright dark feature of defect, die for the sake of honour,
Movable joint, occur the blue sawn timber average gray value for becoming part and gray scale mean square deviation have apparent otherness, established database it
Afterwards, by being analyzed and processed to acquired image, determine that the minimum circumscribed rectangle of defect, the area of defect and minimum are external
The area ratio of rectangle, the average gray value of the abscissa of defect and defect and gray scale mean square deviation, comprehensively consider factors above pair
Defect to be identified carries out defect kind identification, and detailed process is：
It is handled according to feature of the utility model to said extracted, selects 7 characteristic values as neural network to saw
The classification indicators of material surface defect, including breadth length ratio, direction offset, abscissa account for overall length ratio, rectangular degree, consistency pair
Number, average gray value account for tonal gradation ratio, gray scale mean square deviation, are formed 7 indexs for judging sawn timber surface defect.It will be to
Output of the 19 kinds of defects of identification as neural network to judging result.
The type of defect is obtained according to system to the calculating of seven characteristic values and with desired value comparative analysis.
The identification of sawn timber annual ring may be implemented in the utility model, specially：For tree ring feature of image, small echo is utilized
The method of transformation compresses the data of annual ring image, under the premise of guaranteeing higher resolution, obtains higher compression ratio,
Then annual ring image is split, analyzes and finally identifies the sawn timber annual ring.
The utility model can also judge whether the knot on sawn timber surface meets preset condition, and detailed process is：Obtain institute
State the image on sawn timber surface；The knot on the sawn timber surface is identified using image recognition technology；Judge position, the ruler of the knot
Whether very little and quantity meets preset value, when any one in the position of the knot, size and number does not meet preset value,
Determine that sawn timber is unqualified sawn timber.
The utility model can also judge whether the latewood percentage of sawn timber meets latewood percentage preset condition, and detailed process is：
Using texture recognition, late wood's fringe region in the growth ring and each growth ring on the sawn timber surface is identified；
Calculate the width of late wood in the width and each growth ring of the growth ring；
It is calculated using the following equation latewood percentage：
In formula：LwThe latewood percentage of sample,
ΣLbLate wood's overall width in measurement range, unit are millimeter
The whole year in b-measurement range takes turns overall width, and unit is millimeter
By the latewood percentage and default latewood percentage threshold value comparison, when the latewood percentage exceeds the default latewood percentage threshold value
When, it determines that the latewood percentage does not meet preset condition, determines that the sawn timber is unqualified sawn timber；Described in meeting when the latewood percentage
It when default latewood percentage threshold value, determines that the latewood percentage meets preset condition, determines the sawn timber for qualified sawn timber.
The utility model can also judge whether the blue control with changed scale of sawn timber meets blue change preset condition, and detailed process is：
Identify that the blue region become occurs for the sawn timber surface；
Calculate the area and the sawn timber gross area that the blue region become occurs；
The blue control with changed scale is calculated according to the gross area of the area that the blue region become occurs and the sawn timber；
The blue control with changed scale and default blue control with changed scale threshold value are compared, when the blue control with changed scale is beyond the default blue control with changed scale
When threshold value, determine that the sawn timber is unqualified sawn timber；When the blue control with changed scale meets the default blue control with changed scale threshold value, determine
The sawn timber is qualified sawn timber.
Fig. 4 is the side of rank division method embodiment used by the utility model sawn timber surface quality grades dividing device
Method flow chart.
Referring to fig. 4, the sawn timber surface quality grades division methods divide dress applied to above-mentioned sawn timber surface quality grades
It sets；This method includes：
Step 401：Obtain the moisture content that the detecting device for moisture content 5 detects；
Step 402：Obtain the weight that the weighing sensor 6 detects；
Step 403：Obtain the image that the vision inspection apparatus 7 is shot；
Step 404：Type, profile and the surface defect of the sawn timber 4 are identified according to described image；
Step 405：The volume of the sawn timber 4 is calculated according to the profile；
Step 406：The density of the sawn timber 4 is calculated according to the volume and the weight；
Step 407：The surface quality grades of the sawn timber 4 are divided according to the surface defect；
Step 408：By the density, the type, the sawn timber annual ring, the surface defect and the moisture content and number
It is compared according to the data in library, assesses the stress levels of the sawn timber；
Step 409：The code-spraying equipment is controlled according to the surface quality grades, and surface quality etc. is stamped to the sawn timber
Grade label；
Step 410：The code-spraying equipment is controlled according to the stress levels, and stress levels label is stamped to the sawn timber.
Sawn timber surface quality grades dividing device disclosed by the utility model analyzes sawn timber using vision inspection apparatus 7
Whether surface meets preset condition, to carry out range estimation classification to sawn timber using machine vision technique, improves sawn timber range estimation point
The accuracy and efficiency of grade detection.Meanwhile using the volume and type of image analysis sawn timber, and identify sawn timber annual ring, utilizes title
Retransmit sensor and measure quality, in conjunction with sawn timber volume to obtain the density of sawn timber, believed according to density, the type of sawn timber, annual ring
Breath, moisture content, surface defect, the sawn timber density in experimental data base in the control machine, type of sawn timber, annual ring information, aqueous in conjunction in
Elasticity modulus corresponding to rate, surface defect gives tested one preliminary stress grading of sawn timber, to be classified without mechanical stress
Sawn timber preliminary stress grading reference be provided realize sawn timber etc. moreover, the utility model realizes multiple device continuous actions
The automation that grade divides improves the efficiency of lumber class division.
Specific case used herein is expounded the principles of the present invention and embodiment, above embodiments
Explanation be merely used to help understand the method and its core concept of the utility model；Meanwhile for the general technology of this field
Personnel, based on the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range.In conclusion
The content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of sawn timber surface quality grades dividing device, which is characterized in that including：Conveyer belt and along the direction of transfer of sawn timber
Detecting device for moisture content, weighing sensor, vision inspection apparatus and the code-spraying equipment set gradually；The moisture content detection dress
Set, the output end of the weighing sensor, the vision inspection apparatus with middle control mechatronics；The detecting device for moisture content
For detecting the moisture content of the sawn timber；The weighing sensor is used to detect the weight of the sawn timber；The vision-based detection dress
It sets the surface defect for detecting the sawn timber and identifies sawn timber annual ring；The code-spraying equipment is used for the control in the middle control machine
Under to the sawn timber stamp surface quality label and entry evaluation stress levels mark；
The vision inspection apparatus include six positive shooting cameras, six cameras be separately positioned on position to be captured just on
On side, underface, directly to the left, directly to the right, front and dead astern six direction.
2. a kind of sawn timber surface quality grades dividing device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the vision-based detection
Device further includes multiple oblique shooting cameras, and multiple oblique shooting cameras are located at the oblique upper and obliquely downward of the position to be captured；Often
The shooting angle of a oblique shooting camera and the angle of horizontal plane are adjustable between 20 °~70 °.
3. a kind of sawn timber surface quality grades dividing device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include the first light
Electric transducer, the second photoelectric sensor, third photoelectric sensor and the 4th photoelectric sensor；
First photoelectric sensor is between the conveyer belt initial position and the detecting device for moisture content and close to institute
State detecting device for moisture content；Second photoelectric sensor is between the detecting device for moisture content and the weighing sensor
And close to the weighing sensor；The third photoelectric sensor be located at the weighing sensor and the vision inspection apparatus it
Between and close to the vision inspection apparatus；4th photoelectric sensor is located at the vision inspection apparatus and the code-spraying equipment
Between and close to the code-spraying equipment.
4. a kind of sawn timber surface quality grades dividing device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the vision-based detection
Device is arranged in Image Acquisition room.
5. a kind of sawn timber surface quality grades dividing device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described image acquisition
Interior is additionally provided with lighting device.
6. a kind of sawn timber surface quality grades dividing device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include motor；
The motor drives the sawn timber to transmit for driving conveyer belt.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820214632.1U CN208156009U (en) | 2018-02-07 | 2018-02-07 | A kind of sawn timber surface quality grades dividing device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201820214632.1U CN208156009U (en) | 2018-02-07 | 2018-02-07 | A kind of sawn timber surface quality grades dividing device |
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| CN208156009U true CN208156009U (en) | 2018-11-27 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108254540A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-07-06 | 国家林业局北京林业机械研究所 | A kind of sawn timber surface quality grades divide device and method |
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2018
- 2018-02-07 CN CN201820214632.1U patent/CN208156009U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108254540A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-07-06 | 国家林业局北京林业机械研究所 | A kind of sawn timber surface quality grades divide device and method |
| CN108254540B (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2023-08-04 | 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 | Sawn timber surface quality grade dividing device and sawn timber surface quality grade dividing method |
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