CN208125201U - A kind of measurement device of portable refuse landfill sulfurous gas discharge amount - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of measurement devices of portable refuse landfill sulfurous gas discharge amount, are related to Solid Waste Treatment and disposal technology field.The device includes pedestal and seal closure two parts；The seal closure top closure, bottom end is open, and inside is equipped with folding bracket, it is equipped with plate at the top of the seal closure and opens up that there are two through-holes, first through hole is equipped with thermometer and is used for temperature measuring, and the second through-hole is equipped with air guide hard tube and external barometer, measures for gas collecting and air pressure；The seal closure bottom is equipped with annular sheet metal；Seal closure bottom side opens up third through-hole and connects with flowmeter, and external nitrogen cylinder is convenient for logical nitrogen protection；The pedestal is corresponding with seal closure open-mouth, and pedestal upper end side is equipped with the groove body for adding water-stop.The assay device structures of the utility model are simple, and convenient for collecting and carrying has good airtightness.

Description

A Portable Device for Measuring Sulfur-Containing Gas Emissions from Landfill Sites

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment and disposal, in particular to a measuring device for the emission of sulfur-containing gas in a portable landfill site.

Background technique

Landfill is currently the main treatment method for municipal solid waste at home and abroad. In my country, the landfill volume of domestic waste accounts for about 60% of the total annual production. During the landfill process, a large amount of landfill gas will be released due to the decay of garbage and the action of various microorganisms. The main components of landfill gas are CH ₄ and CO ₂ , and some trace gases are also included. Although the concentration of trace gas in landfill gas is less than 2% (v/v), it is the main cause of the problem of odor pollution in landfill and surrounding areas. Among them, reduced sulfides are the main gas components that cause odor pollution in landfills, mainly including H ₂ S, CH ₃ SH, (CH ₃ ) ₂ S, CS ₂ and (CH ₃ ) ₂ S ₂ .

At present, the surface gas emission flux is mainly measured by fixed devices such as static boxes, which are mainly fixed structures of stainless steel or polyvinyl chloride), which have the disadvantages of large volume, heavy weight and high price. In addition, because the volatile sulfides in landfill gas are extremely unstable, they are easily transformed into each other under aerobic conditions, and further oxidized to generate SO ₂ and SO ₃ , which will generate sulfurous acid and sulfuric acid when they interact with water gas, which will cause measurement errors. affect the measurement results. Therefore a kind of measuring device that is small in weight, convenient to disassemble and carry and has high precision needs to be studied urgently.

At present, the measurement of emission flux is mainly for greenhouse gases (CO ₂ , N ₂ O, CH ₄ ). In addition, Qin Shuping (2014) used a sealed tank to measure the emission flux of trace nitrogen, and Yanagzawa Yukio et al. (2008) used a hollow box Measure the emission flux of harmful chemical substances such as formaldehyde emitted from furniture, building materials and other inspection objects into the air. At present, none of the gas emission flux measurement devices can better consider the problem of easy conversion of sulfur-containing gases. Therefore, research on sulfur-containing gas measurement devices is carried out to accurately measure the emission flux of sulfur-containing gases, and then develop sulfur-containing gas treatment technologies. is very necessary.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the problems of the prior art and provide a portable measuring device for sulfur-containing gas emissions in landfills. Gas concentration, reduce measurement error. The usage method of the utility model has simple steps, high accuracy and can effectively measure the emission of sulfur-containing gas.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

A portable device for measuring sulfur-containing gas emissions from landfills, which includes a base and a sealing cover arranged from bottom to top; the lower part of the base is a hollow cylinder, and the top of the cylinder is fixed with an annular groove for water sealing body; the bottom surface of the sealing cover is open, and the other sides and the top surface are closed; the bottom end of the sealing cover is surrounded by an annular plate matching the tank body, and the sealing cover is supported by the annular plate in a non-fixed form. In the tank body; the top of the sealing cover is provided with a top plate, the top plate is fixed with a fan and has two through holes, the first through hole is provided with a thermometer for detecting the temperature of the inner cavity of the sealing cover, the second The second through hole is connected with an air guiding hard tube and an external barometer, and the gas guiding hard tube is connected with a sampling port; a third through hole is opened on the bottom side of the sealing cover, and the third through hole is externally connected to a nitrogen bottle through the air guiding tube, and the nitrogen bottle A pressure reducing valve is provided, and a flow meter is provided on the air guide tube; the four side walls of the sealing cover are sealed with flexible materials, and several groups of folding brackets are arranged inside, and each group of folding brackets is hinged by several pairs of support rods to form a shear. Fork-type lifting structure, the top of the folding bracket is connected to the top plate, and the bottom is connected to the ring plate, so that the top plate can be lifted with the expansion and contraction of the folding bracket.

As a preference, the two support rod ends at the bottom of the folding support and the two support rod ends at the top of the folding support have a hinged end and a sliding end, and the top plate and the annular plate are provided with There is a chute, the hinged ends of the top and bottom are respectively hinged on the top plate and the ring plate, and the sliding ends of the top and the bottom form a sliding pair with the chute on the top plate and the ring plate respectively.

Preferably, the fan is connected to a 12V, 10A battery for providing power for the fan.

Preferably, the base is 15 cm high, the part inserted underground is 10 cm long, and the part left above the ground is 5 cm long.

Preferably, the sealing cover is a cube in a fully extended state, with a length, width and height of 50 cm.

Preferably, a third through hole is opened on the bottom peripheral side of the sealing cover, and the distance between the third through hole and the bottom end of the sealing cover is 6 cm.

Preferably, the material of the flexible material is PA+PE composite material film, and the outer surface of the entire sealing cover is also wrapped with an aluminum foil bubble heat insulation film.

Preferably, the material of the top plate, the ring plate and the base is plexiglass.

Preferably, the folding bracket is made of aluminum alloy.

The utility model proposes a portable measurement device for sulfur-containing gas emissions from landfill sites. Compared with the existing measurement devices, the utility model has obvious advantages: (1) The device is simple in structure, easy to carry, and has better The tightness of the airtightness is convenient for temperature measurement and air pressure measurement, which improves the quality of observation; (2) the measurement device is protected by nitrogen flow to avoid the conversion of sulfur-containing gases and improve data accuracy; (3) through the measurement of temperature and air pressure, further accurate The sulfide content in gas samples has good data accuracy and is suitable for determining the emission of sulfur-containing gases from landfills.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a portable landfill sulfur gas emission measurement device;

Fig. 2 is the front view sectional view of the sealing cover of the present utility model;

Fig. 3 is a top view of the sealing cover of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the front view of the base of the utility model;

Fig. 5 is the top view of the base of the utility model;

In the figure: 1-barometer; 2-second through hole; 3-thermometer; 4-first through hole; 5-top plate; 6-hinge end; 7-support rod; 8-fan; 9-sliding end; 10-chute; 11-seal cover; 12-rotating shaft; 13-ring plate; 14-folding bracket; 15-flexible material; 16-third through hole; Pressure valve; 20-nitrogen cylinder; 21-water tank; 22-base.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment example, the utility model is described further.

Example 1

In this embodiment, the measuring device of the present utility model is used for the emission of sulfur-containing gas in a new landfill area of a certain garbage landfill.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the device for measuring the emission of sulfur-containing gas from a portable landfill includes two parts, a base 22 and a sealing cover 11 arranged from bottom to top. The base 22 and the sealing cover 11 are installed in a detachable manner. The base 22 is used to be inserted into the ground of the landfill for fixing, and the sealing cover 11 is covered above the base 22 to form an airtight gas collection space.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the bottom surface of the sealing cover 11 is open, and the remaining sides and top surface are closed. The bottom end of the sealing cover 11 is circumferentially provided with an annular plate 13 matching the groove body 21 . The width of the annular plate 13 is smaller than the groove width of the groove body 21 so that it can be inserted into the groove body 21 as a whole. When it is necessary to collect gas, the sealing cover 11 is supported by the annular plate 13, placed in the tank body 21 in a non-fixed form, and then water is injected into the tank body 21 to form a water-sealed structure, and the landfill area surrounded by the base 22 is discharged The sulfur-containing gas is collected in the gas collection space. A hard top plate 5 is arranged inside the top of the sealing cover 11, and a fan 8 is fixed on the top plate 5 and has two through holes. The function of the fan 8 is to disturb the gas in the gas collection space to make it convective, keeping it on during the sampling process can improve the uniformity of sampling. The first through hole 4 on the top plate 5 is provided with a thermometer 3 for detecting the temperature of the inner cavity of the sealing cover 11, the second through hole 2 is connected with an air guiding hard tube and an external barometer 1, and the gas guiding hard tube is connected with a sampling tube. The thermometer 3 and the barometer 1 can record the temperature and pressure in the gas collection space in real time for subsequent correction and calculation of emission flux. A third through hole 16 is opened on the bottom side of the sealing cover 11, and the third through hole 16 is externally connected to a nitrogen cylinder 20 through an air duct 17. The nitrogen cylinder 20 is provided with a pressure reducing valve 19, and the air duct 17 is provided with a flow meter 18. The nitrogen cylinder 20 can feed nitrogen into the gas collection space through the air duct 17 to replace the original air and avoid the conversion of sulfur-containing gas. The four side walls of the sealing cover 11 are sealed with a flexible material 15 , and a group of folding brackets 14 are arranged on each side wall inside. Each group of folding brackets 14 is hinged by two pairs of support rods 7 to form a scissor lift structure, and a rotating shaft 12 is arranged at the hinged position. The top of the folding support 14 joins with the top plate 5 of the sealing cover 11, and the bottom end joins with the annular plate 13 of the sealing cover 11, so that the top plate 5 is lifted with the expansion and contraction of the folding support 14. Therefore, the sealing cover 11 can be folded conveniently to realize portability, and its sealing performance will not be affected. In this embodiment, there is a hinged end 6 and a sliding end 9 among the two ends of the support rods 7 at the bottom of the folding bracket 14, and a chute 10 is opened on the top plate 5, and the hinged end 6 at the top is hinged on On the top plate 5, the sliding end 9 on the top and the chute 10 on the top plate 5 form a sliding pair. The bottom of the folding bracket 14 is also provided with the same structure, the annular plate 13 is also provided with a chute 10, the hinge end 6 at the bottom is hinged on the annular plate 13, the sliding end 9 at the bottom and the chute 10 on the annular plate 13 form a sliding vice. When the sealing cover 11 needs to be stretched, the top plate 5 can be pulled or the folding bracket 14 can be driven, and each support rod 7 rotates along the hinged position, and the sliding end 9 slides in the chute 10, so that the top of the folding bracket 14 is lifted; Reverse movement when folding.

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the lower part of the base 22 is a hollow cylinder with a square cross section, without a bottom or a cover. The top of the cylinder body is fixed with an annular groove body 21 for water sealing, and the outer edge of the groove body 21 is also square, which is slightly larger than the top section of the hollow cylinder body.

In this implementation example, the specific parameters and material selection of each component are as follows: the fan 8 is connected to a 12V, 10A battery to provide power for the fan 8 . Base 22 is 15cm high, 10cm is inserted into the underground part, and 5cm is left on the part above the ground. The sealing cover 11 is a cube in a fully extended state, and its length, width and height are 50 cm. The distance between the third through hole 16 on the bottom peripheral side of the sealing cover 11 and the bottom end of the sealing cover 11 is 6 cm. The flexible material 15 is made of PA+PE composite material film, and the outer surface of the entire sealing cover 11 is also wrapped with an aluminum foil bubble heat insulation film to keep the internal constant temperature as much as possible. The top plate 5, the annular plate 13 and the base 22 are all made of plexiglass. The folding bracket 14 is made of aluminum alloy.

In this implementation example, the emission of sulfur-containing gas from the landfill is measured based on the above-mentioned measuring device, and the specific measuring process includes the following steps:

S010, first bury the lower end of the base 22 of the measuring device in the landfill garbage layer, and keep the tank body 21 above the landfill garbage layer; then unfold the folding bracket 14 in the sealing cover 11, and place 13 sets of annular plates at the bottom end of the sealing cover 11 Set in the tank body 21 at the upper end of the base 22, and then inject an appropriate amount of water into the tank body 21 for sealing, so that the sealing cover 11 and the base 22 form a sampling space for collecting sulfur-containing gas above the landfill garbage;

S020, after the above step S010 is completed, connect the nitrogen cylinder 20, the pressure reducing valve 19, the flow meter 18, the third through hole 16 and the conduit 17 in sequence, open the sampling port on the top of the sealing cover 11, and open the pressure reducing valve 19 of the nitrogen cylinder 20 After blowing the sampling space with 1L·min ^-1 nitrogen for 15 minutes, close the nitrogen pressure reducing valve 19 and the sampling port.

S030. After the above step S020 is completed, immediately open the sampling port, use a syringe to collect 10mL of gas and inject it into the vacuum gas sampling tube as a gas sample; then take gas from the sampling port once at intervals of 30 minutes, and the continuous sampling time is t=3h, and accurately record each The gas sampling time, temperature and pressure in the box corresponding to each gas sample; the temperature and pressure in the box are read by thermometer 3 and barometer 1 respectively. After the gas collection is completed, the measuring device shall be arranged and ventilated to disperse the gas.

S040, after the above step S030 is completed, use the HC-3 trace sulfur analyzer to measure the concentration of sulfides such as H ₂ S, CH ₃ SH, (CH ₃ ) ₂ S, CS ₂ and (CH ₃ ) ₂ S ₂ in each gas sample , the flow rate of carrier gas N ₂ was 10mL·min ^-1 , the flow rate of H ₂ and O ₂ was 18mL·min ^-1 , the column temperature and detector temperature were 120 and 90°C respectively, the injection volume was 1mL, and the detection time was 20min. Then calculate the change rate dc/dt of the sulfide concentration in the sampling space, which can be obtained by fitting the sulfide concentration and sampling time with a straight line and taking its slope.

S050. After the above step S040 is completed, calculate the emission rate and emission flux of sulfur-containing gas in the landfill according to the change rate dc/dt of the sulfide concentration and the volume V of the sampling space. The calculation formula is as follows:

Where: F is the emission flux of sulfur-containing gas from the landfill, mg·m ^-2 ·h ^-1 ;

V is the volume of the sampling space in the measuring device, m ³ ;

S is the cross-sectional area of the base in the measuring device, m ² ;

dc/dt is the change rate of sulfide concentration, mg·m ^-3 ·h ^-1 ;

T is the average temperature of the gas in the sampling space during the sampling process, °C;

p' is the average pressure of the gas in the sampling space during the sampling process, pa;

p is standard atmospheric pressure, pa.

In this embodiment, in order to demonstrate the effect of the measuring device of the present invention, a conventional static box (without nitrogen protection) is used for synchronous sampling and measurement. The measurement results of the sulfur gas emissions of the two are as follows:

Table 1 Emissions of sulfur-containing gases in the new landfill area of a certain landfill site (unit: μg m ^-2 d ^-1 )

Note: The emission data in this table is the average statistical value after multiple measurements.

Compared with the conventional static box, the measured data is relatively high after the device is protected with nitrogen. This is mainly due to the fact that sulfide gas is easily transformed after contacting with oxygen, which affects the determination. Nitrogen protection can better reflect the emission of sulfide on the ground surface.

Example 2

Emissions of sulfur-containing gases in the soil-covered area of a landfill site from landfill to 10 years

Using the same portable waste landfill sulfur-containing gas emission measuring device and measurement method as in Example 1, measure the sulfur-containing gas emission for the soil-covered area of the same landfill from landfill to 10 years. At the same time, a conventional static box (without nitrogen protection) is also used for simultaneous sampling and determination.

In this embodiment, the measurement results of sulfur-containing gas emissions are as follows:

Table 2 Emissions of sulfur-containing gases in the soil-covered area of a certain landfill site from landfill to 10 years (unit: μg·m ^-2 ·d ^-1 )

Note: The emission data in this table is the average statistical value after multiple measurements.

Compared with Example 1, the measurement of sulfur-containing gas in the soil-covered area from landfill to 10 years in this example is also higher than that of the conventional static box.

Example 3

Using the same portable landfill sulfur-containing gas emission measurement device as in Example 1, standard gases such as H ₂ S, CH ₃ SH, CH ₃ SCH ₃ , CS ₂ and CH ₃ S ₂ CH ₃ were used in the laboratory Configured to a certain concentration, and then simulated into the measuring device. The change of sulfur-containing gas concentration in the device under the protection of nitrogen and without nitrogen was compared and analyzed.

In this embodiment, the measurement results of sulfur-containing gas emissions are as follows:

Table 3 Laboratory simulated emissions of sulfur-containing gases (unit: mg·m ^-2 ·h ^-1 )

Note: The emission data in this table is the average statistical value after multiple measurements.

It can be seen from the table that although under the protection of nitrogen, the emission of sulfur-containing gases is relatively close to the actual intake, but under the protection of no nitrogen, except for CS ₂ , which is relatively close to the actual intake, the other gases are quite different. This shows that the measurement of sulfur-containing gas emissions from landfills without nitrogen protection will lead to conversion of sulfur-containing gases, and nitrogen treatment can improve data accuracy.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the utility model, some improvements and modifications can also be made. Retouching should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of measurement device of portable refuse landfill sulfurous gas discharge amount, it is characterised in that：Including setting from bottom to top The pedestal (22) and seal closure (11) two parts set；Pedestal (22) lower part is hollow cylinder, and fixation is useful at the top of cylinder In the annular trough body (21) for adding water-stop；Seal closure (11) bottom surface is open, remaining side and top surface closing；Seal closure (11) Bottom end circumferentially surrounds to be equipped with Support is placed in the groove body (21) by revocable form；Top plate (5) are equipped in seal closure (11) top, the top It is fixed with fan (8) on portion's plate (5) and opens up there are two through-hole, is equipped in first through hole (4) for detecting seal closure (11) The thermometer (3) of inner cavity temperature, the second through-hole (2) are connected with air guide hard tube and external air gauge (1), are connected to and adopt on air guide hard tube Sample mouth；Seal closure (11) the bottom side opens up third through-hole (16), and third through-hole (16) passes through gas-guide tube (17) external nitrogen Gas cylinder (20) is provided with flowmeter (18) on gas-guide tube (17), and nitrogen cylinder (20) is provided with pressure reducing valve (19)；The seal closure (11) four side walls are sealed using flexible material (15), and inside is equipped with several groups folding rack (14), every group of folding branch Frame (14) is hinged by several pairs of support rods (7) and forms scissor type elevating structure, the top of folding rack (14) and top plate Material (5) connects, and bottom end connects with annular sheet metal (13), goes up and down top plate (5) with the flexible realization of folding rack (14).

2. the measurement device of portable refuse landfill sulfurous gas discharge amount as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute State two support rod (7) ends at the top of two support rod (7) ends and folding rack (14) of folding rack (14) bottom In, there are 1 hinged end (6) and 1 sliding end (9), offers sliding slot on the top plate (5) and annular sheet metal (13) (10), the hinged end (6) of top and bottom is hingedly connected on top plate (5) and annular sheet metal (13), top and bottom Sliding end (9) constitutes sliding pair with the sliding slot (10) on top plate (5) and annular sheet metal (13) respectively.

3. the measurement device of portable refuse landfill sulfurous gas discharge amount as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute It states fan (8) to be connected with the battery of 12V, 10A, for providing the power supply of fan (8).

4. the measurement device of portable refuse landfill sulfurous gas discharge amount as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute Pedestal (22) high 15cm is stated, insertion under ground portion is 10cm, and staying in ground above section is 5cm.

5. the measurement device of portable refuse landfill sulfurous gas discharge amount as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute Seal closure (11) is stated under the fully extended state in cube, length is 50cm.

6. the measurement device of portable refuse landfill sulfurous gas discharge amount as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute Stating seal closure (11) bottom side and opening up third through-hole (16) apart from seal closure (11) bottom end distance is 6cm.

7. the measurement device of portable refuse landfill sulfurous gas discharge amount as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute The material for stating flexible material (15) is PA+PE composite material film, and the outer surface of entire seal closure (11) is also enclosed with aluminium foil gas Steep thermal isolation film.

8. the measurement device of portable refuse landfill sulfurous gas discharge amount as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute The material for stating top plate (5), annular sheet metal (13) and pedestal (22) is organic glass.

9. the measurement device of portable refuse landfill sulfurous gas discharge amount as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute Stating folding rack (14) material is aluminium alloy.