CN208108707U - Two step low-temperature drying equipment of lignite - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of brown coal drying equipment, more particularly, to a kind of two step low-temperature drying equipment of lignite, it includes stirring disintegrating apparatus, transmission device, hot wind upgrading host, cyclone separator and collector, crushing, stirring mixing equipment after crushing and will be mixed with the lignite of chemical reagent and be sent to hot wind upgrading host by transmission device, cyclone separator connection hot wind upgrading host separates the lignite after upgrading, drying brown coal after collector is separated upgrading by piping connection cyclone separator is collected, lignite is dried in the utility model, dehydration ratio is high, it is highly-safe, equipment volume is small, it is easily installed, using industrial waste gas by brown coal drying, reduce pollution, exhaust gas is re-used, the energy is saved.

Description

Two step low-temperature drying equipment of lignite

Technical field

The utility model relates to the drying and upgrading fields of lignite, more particularly to two step low-temperature drying equipment of lignite.

Background technique

Lignite contains a large amount of moisture, China the most abundant eastern area of Inner Mongolia of lignite reserves（Account for about China's lignite reserves 77.1%）The full moisture content of lignite is up to 35-40% or so.Since institute's water content is high in lignite, easy-weathering fragmentation in air, burning point is low, The characteristics of easy spontaneous combustion, keeps its Mining Transport cost high；Directly burning utilizes, and can reduce fire box temperature, increases smoke evacuation heat Loss reduces boiler efficiency, increases coal consumption amount, this exploitation for significantly limiting lignite utilizes；And lignite burning produces Raw heat is low；It is dry using multistage high temperature drying techniques in the prior art, due to temperature height, need to consume a large amount of energy to produce Raw high temperature causes the waste of the energy and under high temperature environment, and drying brown coal easily occurs when the big jamming equipment of lignite amount The safety accidents such as fryer, and multistage high temperature drying equipment volume is relatively large, requires very high, high temperature drying techniques to the land occupation of enterprise The effective component volatile matter that lignite burning can be lost wastes the energy, and common lignite dehydration and drying process energy consumption is big, is dehydrated ratio Example is not high, and therefore, how to improve lignite quality is the premise and inevitable approach that lignite utilizes on a large scale.

The method drying brown coal of pure chemistry is used in the prior art, but due to the difference of chemical component, the effect of brown coal drying After rate is also different, and the combination water in lignite detaches, the bad extraction of lignite, and chemical seasoning method drying brown coal needs very Big drying area.

Utility model content

In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model discloses a kind of two step low temperature drying method of lignite, it include with Lower step：

Lignite is ground into the particle that diameter is 1cm-3cm by step 1, and is added during crushing by polymerizeing The chemical reagent of aluminium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water composition；

Lignite and chemical reagent are stirred by step 2；

The lignite that chemical reagent is mixed with after stirring is passed through 120 DEG C -180 DEG C of hot wind by step 3；

Step 4 will treated that lignite is separated by cyclone separator by hot wind, isolated drying Lignite；

Step 5 is collected dry lignite.

Further, in the step 2 chemical reagent by weight percentage, wherein aluminium polychloride 7%-14%, phosphoric acid Potassium dihydrogen 3%-6% and water 80%-90%.

Further, in the chemical reagent of the step 2 by weight percentage, wherein aluminium polychloride 12%, phosphoric acid Potassium dihydrogen 3% and water 85%.

A kind of equipment can be realized two step low temperature drying method of lignite, it includes crushing, stirring mixing equipment, transmission dress Set, hot wind upgrading host, cyclone separator and collector, the crushing, stirring mixing equipment by lignite crush and with change Reagent mixing is learned, crushing, stirring mixing equipment connects hot wind upgrading host, the cyclone separator connection by transmission device Hot wind upgrading host will treated that lignite separates by hot wind, and the collector passes through piping connection cyclone separator Drying brown coal after separation is collected.

Further, the hot wind upgrading host includes cabin, pedestal, motor, hot air intake, agitating device, charging Cabin and heat outlet are equipped with cabin on the pedestal, charging cabin, the charging cabin and cabin are equipped at the top of the cabin It is connected to, feed inlet is provided in charging cabin, the feed inlet connects the transmission device, is provided with hot gas at the top of charging cabin and goes out Mouthful, the cabin is hollow cylindrical structure, and bottom is equipped with agitating device in cabin, and the agitating device is a circular cone Body, and cone is to inside cabin, and bottom is identical as cabin basal diameter in cone, the apex of cone is evenly arranged with edge The crushing, stirring blade of cone generatrix direction, the motor drive crushing, stirring blade to rotate by shaft, the cabin Wall be bilayer, including inner and outer wall forms gas circuit between outer wall and inner wall, the bottom of the inner wall is opened into cabin Mouthful, the hot air intake is tangentially disposed on cabin outer wall, and is connected to gas circuit.

Further, the cyclone separator is that the cyclone separator more than or equal to two is connected in series.

Further, protective device is installed, the protective device is axis body, one at the top of the cone of the agitating device End is connect with motor, and the other end is equipped with blade.

Further, it further includes bag-type dust collector and air-introduced machine, the bag-type dust collector connection cyclonic separation dress It sets, the bag-type dust collector bottom is provided with material collecting tank, and the material collecting tank will be removed by piping connection collector by cloth bag The collected lignite of dirt device is sent to collector, and exhaust gas is discharged by connection air-introduced machine for the bag-type dust collector.

Further, the collector bottom is provided with storage cabin.

The utility model utilizes two step low temperature dryings, the advantages of lignite is dried effect include：

1, ratio is high, highly-safe, and equipment volume is smaller, is easily installed,

2, industrial waste gas can be by brown coal drying, therefore has both reduced pollution, and industrial waste gas is re-used, and saves The energy；

3, the temperature of exhaust gas is lower, and the volatile matter in lignite will not be lost, and in turn ensure good dehydration ratio；

4, synergy improves raw coal quality, improves the effect of raw coal quality, and lignite passes through upgrading, and calorific value increases substantially, Not only spontaneous combustionof coal can have been prevented from, be readily transported and store, but also be conducive to power generation, gas making, chemical industry etc. to use.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the two step low-temperature drying equipment structural schematic diagram of lignite of the utility model；

Fig. 2 is the hot wind upgrading main machine structure schematic diagram of the utility model；

Fig. 3 is the hot wind upgrading host of the utility model（A-A）Sectional view.

Legend：1. stirring crushes mixing equipment；2. transmission device；3. hot wind upgrading host；31. cabin；311. inner wall； 312. outer wall；313. gas circuit；32. pedestal；33. motor；34. hot air intake；35. agitating device；351. crushing, stirring Blade；36. charging cabin；361. feed inlet；37. heat outlet；38. protective device；381. crossbeam；4. cyclone separator；5. Buffer cabin；6. collector；61. storage cabin；7. bag-type dust collector；71. material collecting tank；8. air-introduced machine.

Specific embodiment

The utility model is described further below with reference to embodiment, but is not limited to the content on specification.

A kind of two step low temperature drying method of lignite, it includes the following steps：

Lignite is ground into the particle that diameter is 1cm-3cm by step 1, and is added during crushing by polymerizeing The chemical reagent of aluminium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water composition；

Lignite and chemical reagent are stirred by step 2, using chemical agent by the associative key of the combination water in lignite It interrupts；

The lignite that chemical reagent is mixed with after stirring is passed through 120 DEG C -180 DEG C of hot wind by step 3, will be combined by hot wind Associative key disconnection in water makes that water is combined to separate and form vapor；

Step 4 will treated that lignite is separated by cyclone separator by hot wind, by water vapour and lignite It is separated, finally obtains dry lignite；

Step 5 is collected dry lignite；

Step 6 dedusting, vapor is dusted, and the lignite in vapor is collected again.

Wherein chemical reagent includes that aluminium polychloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water first will by weight percentage in step 2 Aluminium polychloride 7%-14% and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3%-6% mixing, forms mixture, then by mixture and with the water of 80%-90% into Row is mixed to form chemical reagent, wherein to be just met for medicament completely soluble for 85% moisture, because of chemical mixtures and water Weight ratio be 15:When 85, chemical agent is just completely soluble, and the ratio of water is too high, and concentration can reduce, to make dry effect Fruit reduces, and when the ratio of water is too low, chemical agent is not completely soluble in water, causes the waste of chemical agent, this is practical new Technological means used by type is combined type, is to pass through chemical reagent first using chemical agent and low temperature heated-air drying respectively Combination water in lignite is separated, then the water separated is formed by low temperature hot wind by vapor by low temperature hot wind, Low temperature hot wind is the industrial waste gas that Low Temperature Thermal selection by winnowing is used as 120 DEG C -180 DEG C for high temperature compared with the existing technology herein, Industrial waste gas can be made to be utilized again in this way, the waste of the energy will have been lacked, and reducing manufacture low temperature hot wind when institute The energy used.

Specific experiment data the following are the utility model Jing Guo test of many times：

Table one,

From the above data, under the same conditions, lignite water content is lower, illustrates that effect is better, therefore when polymerization chlorine When change aluminium is 12%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 3%, the effect of brown coal drying is best；

Table two,

From the above data, when aluminium polychloride 12%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3%, when chemical agent adds 2%, water content is got over It is few, illustrate that effect is better, therefore when the temperature of low temperature hot gas is 160 DEG C, the effect of brown coal drying is best；

Table three,

From the above data, when the ratio of chemical reagent additive amount and lignite is 3%, the effect of brown coal drying is best；And When the ratio of chemical reagent additive amount and lignite is 4% or 5%, the effect and chemical reagent additive amount of brown coal drying and the ratio of lignite The effect of brown coal drying is identical when being 3%, causes the waste of resource, therefore, when the ratio of chemical reagent additive amount and lignite is 3% For most preferred embodiment.

To sum up when in chemical reagent aluminium polychloride be 12%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3%, while the temperature of low temperature hot wind is 160 DEG C, and the weight ratio of chemical reagent and lignite be 3% when, the drying effect of lignite is best, and water content is minimum；

During brown coal drying, the free water in lignite is relatively easy to remove, and combines the removing of water very difficult, existing The method that some lignite upgrading majorities use high temperature evaporation moisture can remove about 15% moisture content, and combine the more difficult evaporation of water, lead to Crossing this programme can make the existing forms of water by being changed into free water in conjunction with water, and after processing, moisture content significantly reduces, and water content can drop Low 70%-80% or so, the technology can reach energy efficiency, improve raw coal quality, improve the effect of raw coal quality, and lignite passes through Upgrading, calorific value increase substantially, and can not only prevent spontaneous combustionof coal, be readily transported and store, but also be conducive to power generation, gas making, chemical industry Deng use, and the oxygen content in industrial waste gas is lower, can reduce the spontaneous combustion of lignite.

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of equipment that can be realized two step low temperature drying method of lignite, it includes that crushing, stirring mixing is set Standby 1, transmission device 2, hot wind upgrading host 3, cyclone separator 4 and collector 6, the top of the crushing, stirring mixing equipment 1 Portion is provided with spray equipment, on coal cinder particle sprays chemical reagent while crushing, lignite can be carried out crushing and with Chemical reagent mixes, and the lignite of bulk is ground into the lignite particle of 1-3cm, and crushing, stirring mixing equipment 1 passes through transmission dress Setting 2 after crushing and will be mixed with the lignite of chemical reagent and is sent to hot wind upgrading host 3, and hot wind upgrading host 3 after crushing and will mix There is the lignite of chemical reagent to be handled, so that, the water in lignite forms vapor, and cyclone separator 4 connects hot wind upgrading Host 3 will treated that lignite is separated with vapor by hot wind, and the cyclone separator is connected by cyclone separator It forms, the quantity of cyclone separator is more than or equal to two, and it is more clean that multiple cyclone separators can be such that lignite separates, and collects Drying brown coal after separation is collected by device 6 by piping connection cyclone separator 4, and transmission device 2 is preferably that spiral passes Device is sent, because screw conveyor can reduce dust pollution, and noise is smaller, and is not easy to plug.

As shown in Figure 1, two step low-temperature drying equipment of lignite further includes bag-type dust collector 7 and air-introduced machine 8, through cyclonic separation The tiny coal dust contained in the gas flowed out after device 4 can be delivered to again in collector 6 after the collection of bag-type dust collector 7, institute Bag-type dust collector 7 connects cyclone separator 4 and the exhaust gas that cyclone separator 4 is separated is dusted processing, to subtract The operating pressure of beanbag dust-extraction unit 7, thus cyclone separator 4 to be arranged to it is multiple be used in series so that lignite separate More thoroughly, 7 bottom of bag-type dust collector is provided with material collecting tank 71, and material collecting tank 71 will be passed through by piping connection collector 6 The collected lignite of bag-type dust collector 7 is sent to collector 6, and exhaust gas is discharged by connecting air blast 8 for cloth bag collection device 7, The temperature that exhaust gas is discharged is 60 DEG C or so, to guarantee that outlet temperature is stablized, is controlled by adjusting the amount that is passed through lignite, air-introduced machine 8 communicate with industrial hot gas duct, negative pressure are formed when air-introduced machine 8 works, so that the industrial hot gas that temperature is about 100 DEG C -180 DEG C Into in lignite hot wind upgrading host 3, since the temperature of lignite and vapor after upgrading separates is at 60 DEG C or more, if not Consider cost problem, is preferably the bag filter of corrosion-and high-temp-resistant material by bag-type dust collector.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the hot wind upgrading host 3 includes cabin 31, pedestal 32, motor 33, hot air intake 34, agitating device 35, charging cabin 36 and heat outlet 37 are equipped with cabin 31, the top of the cabin 31 on the pedestal 32 Charging cabin 36 is installed, and is connected to charging cabin 36, the top of charging cabin 36 is provided with heat outlet 37, is arranged in charging cabin 36 There is feed inlet 361, the feed inlet 361 connects the transmission device 2, and the cabin 31 is hollow cylindrical structure, cabin Agitating device 35 is installed in bottom in 31, the agitating device 35 is a cone, the bottom surface of cone and the bottom of cabin 31 Face is integrally formed, while bottom is identical as 31 basal diameter of cabin in cone, in the apex of cone, with the vertex of cone For axle center, crushing, stirring blade 351, the motor 33 and crushing, stirring blade are connected with along conical surface direction is radial 351 are connected by power, agitating device 35 by stirring so that coal slurry with industry hot gas come into full contact with, take away moisture content, and blade 351 The form of coal can be ground into fine-powdered, minimum reachable 80 mesh, the wall of cabin 31 is bilayer, including inner wall 311 and outer wall 312, gas circuit 313 is formed between outer wall 311 and inner wall 312, the bottom of the inner wall 311 is provided with opening, the Ring Road 313 is connected to by opening with cabin 31, and the hot air intake 34 is tangentially disposed on 31 outer wall of cabin, and and gas circuit 313 connections, it is tangentially-arranged can guarantee low temperature hot wind from gas circuit bottom even into cabin 31, and in the form of eddy flow Into cabin 31, low temperature hot wind and lignite are come into full contact with, hot air intake and 120 DEG C -180 DEG C of industrial waste gas connect It is logical, and be connected to gas circuit 313, heat outlet 37 is connect by pipeline with cyclone separator 4, the cone of agitating device 35 On protective device 38 is installed, protective device 38 is axis body, have crossbeam 381 using axle center as intersection point is arranged in a crossed manner on axis body top, Angle between crossbeam 381 is 30 ° -60, and setting in this way can effectively stop to be not thorough due to the stirring crushing crushing of mixing equipment 1, Caused bulk coal cinder, which is directly fallen on agitating device 35, smashes blade 351, and the lignite particle of bulk can also be made to fall It is broken into pieces on crossbeam 381, plays broken effect, ensure that blade is not damaged, and setting crossbeam in this way makes, industrial hot wind Protective device, which can be flowed through, to be blocked, and the drying of lignite is influenced, and can be set to multistage for the ease of installation charging cabin 36, and By flanged joint, the position of the lower middle of 36 outer wall of charging cabin is arranged in feed inlet 361, too long to avoid feed path, Damage of the bulk coal cinder to equipment.

As shown in Figure 1,6 bottom of collector is provided with storage cabin 61, storage cabin 61 can prestore a part of finished product material, set It is standby when breaking down, to produce needs, can be set on the pipeline of the connection cyclone separator 4 of collector 6 and bag-type dust collector It is equipped with air-introduced machine 8, the industrial waste gas made is easier to enter in hot wind upgrading host 3；The top of hot wind upgrading host 3 and cyclonic separation The top of device 4 is provided with venting, and venting can reduce damage when detonation occurs in the process of running for equipment to machine It is bad.

As shown in Figure 1, cyclone separator 4 is that more than two cyclone separators are connected in series, through hot wind upgrading host 3 The air-flow for being mixed with coal dust afterwards enters in cyclone separator, the generated centrifugation when making high speed rotation using gas-solid mixture Power, by coal dust from being separated in the collector dropped down onto below cyclone separator in air-flow, the bottom of cyclone separator is provided with Cabin 5 is buffered, buffering cabin 5 can avoid coal dust from accumulating to avoid pipeline blockage when heavy workload.

Since the volatile ingredient of lignite is high（>40%）, through the dried lignite of this method and equipment, repeatedly measurement is found excessively, Due to the low temperature drying of this method, high temperature dry processes are abandoned, so that since the volatile ingredient of high temperature drying loss is protected It stays, therefore, to be significantly larger than high temperature dry processes in the prior art by contained volatile matter in the dry lignite of this equipment, thus Effective component in lignite is improved, heat caused by lignite burning is increased, present apparatus compact overall structure is easy for installation, It can be directly used according to the specific production requirement and factory's size adjustment apparatus size of factory, this equipment and need coal-fired work Factory uses at any time with drying, avoids brown coal drying later since standing time is too long, causes spontaneous combustion.

When work, first lignite is put into stirring disintegrating apparatus 1 and carries out crushing, stirring, while during crushing, stirring Configured chemical reagent is added, is sent to the feed inlet of hot wind upgrading host 3 after crushing, stirring about 1min by transmission device 2 361, lignite enters in hot wind upgrading host since gravity falls to it on agitating device 35, opens simultaneously air-introduced machine 8, air inducing Machine 8 forms negative pressure and 100 DEG C of -180 DEG C of low temperature hot gas is made to be passed into hot air intake 34, and low temperature hot gas enters in gas circuit 313, Entered in hot wind upgrading host 3 in the form of eddy flow opening, sufficiently contacted with coal slurry, water is made to become vapor, thus band Moisture content is walked, the form of coal is broken into fine-powdered by the grinding of flabellum 351, up to 80 mesh, reduces the water content of lignite by 70%- 80%, the bottom that coal dust and vapor after upgrading pass through cyclone separation device using cyclone separation device eddy flow, coal dust It being separated, is reached in collector 6 using pipeline, collector 6 is directly connected to need the device with coal dust, directly utilizes, A part is deposited into storage cabin 61, in case equipment damage, production is spare, passes through bag-type dust collector by isolated vapor 7 are dusted, and some coal dusts that vapor is taken away pass through 7 dedusting of bag-type dust collector, are collected in material collecting tank, using pipe Road is sent into collector 6, and the clean vapor after 7 dedusting of bag-type dust collector is discharged into atmosphere by air-introduced machine 8, is passed through The water content of lignite coal dust after this equipment is dry reduces 70%-80% or so, so that the heat that lignite releases when burning is significantly Increase, and used industrial waste gas, so that industrial waste gas has carried out secondary use, has saved the energy, and this equipment is abandoned The high temperature drying techniques of the prior art, reduce the safety accident incidence in production process, avoid and detonation lamp safety occurs Accident, and cold drying reduces the amount of the volatile matter lost due to high temperature, protects the effective component of lignite coal dust, It is energy saving to achieve the effect that.

Obviously, the above embodiment of the utility model is merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, And be not limitations of the embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, stated upper It can also make other variations or changes in different ways on the basis of bright, all embodiments can not be given thoroughly here It lifts, it is all to belong to obvious changes or variations that the technical solution of the utility model is extended out still in the utility model Protection scope column.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of two step low-temperature drying equipment of lignite, which is characterized in that it includes crushing, stirring mixing equipment（1）, transmission device （2）, hot wind upgrading host（3）, cyclone separator（4）And collector（6）, the crushing, stirring mixing equipment（1）Pass through biography Send device（2）Connect hot wind upgrading host（3）, the hot wind upgrading host（3）Connect cyclone separator（4）, the whirlwind Separator（4）Will by hot wind, treated that lignite separates, the cyclone separator（4）It is collected by piping connection Device（6）, the collector（6）Drying brown coal after separation is collected.

2. two step low-temperature drying equipment of lignite described in claim according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the hot wind upgrading Host（3）Including cabin（31）, pedestal（32）, motor（33）, hot air intake（34）, agitating device（35）, charging cabin（36） And heat outlet（37）, the pedestal（32）On cabin is installed（31）, the cabin（31）Top charging cabin is installed （36）, and and charging cabin（36）Connection, charging cabin（36）Top be provided with heat outlet（37）, charging cabin（36）On be provided with Feed inlet（361）, the feed inlet（361）Connect the transmission device（2）, the cabin（31）For hollow cylindrical body knot Structure, cabin（31）Interior bottom is equipped with agitating device（35）, the agitating device（35）For a cone, the bottom surface of cone with Cabin（31）Bottom surface be integrally formed, and bottom and cabin in cone（31）Basal diameter is identical, in the apex of cone, with The vertex of cone is axle center, is connected with crushing, stirring blade along conical surface direction is radial（351）, the motor （33）With crushing, stirring blade（351）It is connected by power, cabin（31）Wall be bilayer, including inner wall（311）And outer wall（312）, Outer wall（312）With inner wall（311）Between form gas circuit（313）, the inner wall（311）Bottom be provided with opening, the gas Body circuit（313）Pass through opening and cabin（31）Connection, the hot air intake（34）It is tangentially disposed in cabin（31）On outer wall, and With gas circuit（313）Connection.

3. two step low-temperature drying equipment of lignite according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the agitating device（35）Cone Protective device is installed on point（38）, the protective device（38）It is arranged in a crossed manner by intersection point of axle center on axis body top for axis body There is crossbeam（381）, the crossbeam（381）Between angle be 30 ° -60 °.

4. two step low-temperature drying equipment of lignite according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cyclone separator（4） It is connected in series by cyclone separator, the quantity of cyclone separator is more than or equal to two.

5. two step low-temperature drying equipment of lignite according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it further includes bag-type dust collector （7）And air-introduced machine（8）, the bag-type dust collector（7）Connect cyclone separator（4）, bag-type dust collector（7）Bottom setting There is material collecting tank（71）, the material collecting tank（71）Pass through piping connection collector（6）Bag-type dust collector will be passed through（7）That collects is brown Coal is sent to collector（6）, the bag-type dust collector（7）By connecting air-introduced machine（8）Exhaust gas is discharged.

6. two step low-temperature drying equipment of lignite according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the collector（6）Bottom is set It is equipped with storage cabin（61）.