CN208077622U - A kind of radioactive liquid waste crystallizing and drying system - Google Patents
A kind of radioactive liquid waste crystallizing and drying system Download PDFInfo
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- CN208077622U CN208077622U CN201820048324.6U CN201820048324U CN208077622U CN 208077622 U CN208077622 U CN 208077622U CN 201820048324 U CN201820048324 U CN 201820048324U CN 208077622 U CN208077622 U CN 208077622U
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- liquid waste
- radioactive liquid
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- charging ladle
- temperature sensor
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of crystals dried systems of radioactive liquid waste, including controller, drying box and charging ladle；Further include heating device and collection device；The heating device includes electric heater, the third temperature sensor between heater heated air outlet and drying box bottom on pipeline, the first temperature sensor between drying box headspace loop exit and heater air intlet and the second temperature sensor at the top of charging ladle；Evaporation, crystallization and the drying of the utility model radioactive liquid waste are completed in same facility, and the phase of substance is different in charging ladle described in different phase, and using transformation temperature as the transfer point in each stage, adjusting process parameter can save energy, improve efficiency；Transfer point is by system automatic decision, without artificial on duty.System evaporation rate values automatic decision transfer point and dry terminal, it is ensured that the free water content of desciccate is met the requirements, and can also be saved energy, be improved efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to Radwastes treatment technical field, is specifically related to radioactive liquid waste crystallizing and drying system
System.
Background technology
With the development of nuclear power technology, waste minimizes a key index for having become evaluation nuclear power station advance, gives up
Object volume reduction technology also has become the content that nuclear power station field of waste treatment is paid close attention to.Most of country's operation nuclear power station uses water
Mud curing technology handles radioactive liquid waste, can make waste liquid increase-volume, has not both met the principle of radwaste minimum, has also made disposition
Expense increases.Radioactive liquid waste can carry out volume reduction treatment in the way of evaporation drying, and the country has had associated mechanisms to start
Research.
According to heat transfer theory, the vaporization of liquid is divided into evaporation and boiling, the vaporescence of liquid surface by vaporization mode
It referred to as evaporates, the vaporescence that liquid internal generates bubble is known as boiling.Boiling is divided into as bulk container boiling and boiling in ducts.It is right
In bulk container saturation boiling, temperature difference and bubble disturbance cause the movement of fluid to exchange heat.In atmospheric pressure, water
Under saturation temperature, bulk container boiling has following q- Δ t curves, wherein q is heat flow density, and Δ t is container inner wall and liquid
The difference of saturation temperature.
As seen from Figure 1, in Δ t<At 4 DEG C, heat exchange pattern is free convection operating mode, and liquid internal does not have bubble production
Raw, the gasification of liquid is realized by the evaporation of liquid surface；Δ t is gradually increasing, and q < qmax, heat exchange pattern is nucleate boiling, liquid
Internal portion gradually has bubble to generate and more and more fierce, and heat flow density and the coefficient of heat transfer is made to increased dramatically；When Δ t continues to increase
Greatly, it since bubble converges covering heating surface, causes steam to exclude difficult, reduces q values instead, heat exchange pattern is transition boiling；
As Δ t continues to rise, q values are by minimum point qminContinue to rise back to peak qmax, the heat exchange pattern in this stage is the boiling of film state
It rises, heat, which has to the air film formed on wall surface, can just pass to liquid, and thermal resistance is larger.
Domestic existing radioactive liquid waste drying means and chemical industry are all set when using bulk container boiling heat transfer principle
The boiling of solution is maintained nucleate boiling region by meter, and maximum heat transfer efficiency, nucleate boiling are obtained with minimum power consumption
It is to solve the problems, such as the degree of purity of steam by increasing filter plant that heat transfer, which can cause entrainment with steam drop, existing technology,.Such as
Fruit can maintain vaporization in the temperature range of heat transfer free convection pattern, can to avoid polluting caused by due to entraining air bubbles,
This vaporization mode is a kind of evaporation of no boiling phenomenon.It is this do not increase processing unit and can be achieved with waste liquid vaporize the steaming to be formed
Vapour can achieve the purpose that emission request treatment technology, yet there are no correlative study.
Such as utility model patent CN201110078397.2 " processing system containing radioactive waste ", utility model
Patent CN201210448593.9 " a kind of radioactive waste ion exchange resin microwave bucket in drying means and device " and practical
It has been all made of microwave heating method in new patent CN201110078992.6 " liquid radioactive waste treating device ", has been radiated
Property waste liquid pressurized high-temperature under the action of microwave evaporate, make to generate a large amount of bubbles inside radioactive liquid waste, liquid is in boiling always
State is risen, is easy that vapor is made to carry radioactivity drop secretly, makes vapor that emission request be not achieved, set so subsequent processing need to be added
It is standby, increase contaminated device.
Chemical industry also has the method for use " low-temperature evaporation " that liquid is made to vaporize, and is the saturation temperature for reducing solution in principle
(boiling point) to make liquid be vaporized under high pressure, low temperature, actual heat exchange pattern remains as nucleate boiling, such as utility model is special
Sharp CN201710463395.2 " the cold and hot linkage low-temperature evaporation condensing crystallizing system and method for low boiling point solution ",
CN201710343939.1 " a kind of amine wastewater of sulphuric acid low-temperature evaporation crystallization apparatus and technique " etc. has been all made of this kind of technology.
Other than bulk container boiling heat transfer pattern, the country also has associated mechanisms by the way of spray pyrolysis to radioactivity
Waste liquid carries out volume reduction treatment, such as utility model patent CN201510724603.0 " Spent Radioactive liquid processing device ", by high pressure
Gas and radioactive liquid waste inject in vaporization chamber simultaneously, so that radioactive liquid waste is vaporized while feeding, while outside vaporization chamber
The radioactive liquid waste after atomization is heated using high-temperature steam and electric auxiliary heating device, this designs the vapour that can improve waste liquid
Change efficiency, but be only applicable to liquid vaporescence, the product that the vapor of radioactive liquid waste leaves after being handled be difficult to realize into
One-step crystallization or drying.
Utility model content
Above-mentioned in order to solve the problems, such as, the utility model discloses a kind of radioactive liquid waste crystallizing and drying system and its sides
Method, is used for the drying process of nuclear power station radioactive liquid waste, and does not generate secondary pollution.
The crystals dried system of a kind of radioactive liquid waste disclosed by the utility model, including controller, drying box and charging
Bucket；Further include heating device and collection device；The heating device includes electric heater, is mounted on heater heated air outlet
Third temperature sensor between drying box bottom on pipeline is mounted on drying box headspace loop exit and heater is empty
The first temperature sensor between gas import and the second temperature sensor at the top of charging ladle；The second temperature passes
Sensor, the temperature detect switch (TDS) of third temperature sensor and electric heater and controller are electrically connected；The collection device passes through pipe
Connection at the top of road and charging ladle, and vacuum blower is installed between the collection device and charging ladle.
The technical characteristic that the utility model further limits is：It further include the Level meter being mounted at the top of charging ladle.
Further, further include the pressure sensor installed on collection device pipeline, the pressure sensor and vacuum wind
Electrical-mechanical connects.
Further, further include the condensation metering device being mounted on collection device pipeline.
Further, further include the first valve and the second valve being mounted at heater air access ports.
Further, further include the resisting blower being mounted on heater inlet pipeline.
Further, further include the sealing mechanism being arranged on drying box side wall.
Further, it is also provided with demister on the pipeline between charging ladle and collection device.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that：Tthe utility model system ensure that radioactive liquid waste keeps full in charging ladle
With at a temperature of without explosive evaporation state, vapor starts just to be avoided that entrainment containing soiling solution drop, is set in no subsequent processing since vaporization
Emission request can be reached under the premise of applying, reduce contaminated device.In addition, the evaporation of radioactive liquid waste, crystallization and drying
It is completed in same facility, the phase of substance is different in charging ladle described in different phase, using transformation temperature as the conversion in each stage
Point, adjusting process parameter can save energy, improve efficiency；Transfer point is by system automatic decision, without artificial on duty.System
With evaporation rate values automatic decision transfer point and dry terminal, it is ensured that the free water content of desciccate is met the requirements,
Energy can be saved, improve efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is heat transfer theory curve graph.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the radioactive liquid waste crystallizing and drying system in the present embodiment 1,2.
Fig. 3 is the temperature response curve in embodiment 2.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
Present embodiments provide a kind of radioactive liquid waste crystallizing and drying system, concrete structure and control principle such as Fig. 1,2 institutes
Show：
System structure composition includes heating device and collection device, and heating device includes：1, electric heater, the 2, first valve
Door, 3, resisting blower, the 4, first temperature sensor, 5, second temperature sensor, 6, automatic feed lock, 7, pressure sensor,
8, high-precision liquid level/level monitoring device, 9, condensation metering device, 10, variable ratio frequency changer vacuum blower, 11, collection device, 12, close
Sealing mechanism, 13, drying box, 14, demister, 15, promote docking facilities, 16, charging ladle, 17, third temperature sensor, 18, the
Two valves.
Third temperature sensor 17 is between 13 bottom of 1 heated air outlet of electric heater and drying box on pipeline；
First temperature sensor 4 is mounted between 13 headspace loop exit of drying box and 1 air intlet of electric heater；Second temperature
Sensor 5 is mounted on 16 top of charging ladle；The temperature control of second temperature sensor 5, third temperature sensor 17 and electric heater
Switch and the controller of system are electrically connected.
Collection device is connected by pipeline and 16 top of charging ladle, and vacuum blower 10 is installed on collection device and charging ladle
Between.High-precision liquid level/Level measurement device 8 is mounted on 16 top of charging ladle.Pressure sensor 7 installs collection device pipeline
On, the pressure sensor 7 is electrically connected with vacuum blower 10.Metering device 9 is condensed to be mounted on collection device pipeline.First
Valve 2 and the second valve 18 are mounted at 1 air access ports of electric heater.Resisting blower 3 is mounted on 1 inlet tube of electric heater
On road；Sealing mechanism 12 is arranged on 13 side wall of drying box.The pipeline that demister 14 is arranged between charging ladle and collection device
On.
The present embodiment also discloses the operation principle and method of the utility model, specific as follows：
The first, charging ladle 16 is transported in the drying box 13, is controlled and is docked by promotion docking facilities 15, sealer
Structure 12 receives system sealing after signal in place, while opening vacuum blower 10, maintains the tiny structure of system space.
The second, automatic feed lock 6 is opened, it is medium to be heated that radioactive liquid waste is successively filled with to charging ladle 16.It is described
Radioactive liquid waste is entered by automatic feed lock in the charging ladle, automatic feed lock and the high-precision liquid in the charging ladle
Position/level monitoring device 8 links, and ensures the liquid level range-controllable in charging ladle described in evaporation stage.
Third opens the first valve 2, the second valve 18, and resisting blower 4 and electric heater 1 start, and air is heated
Enter in drying box 13 after heating and recycles.High temperature air enters in drying box 13 to exchange heat with charging ladle 16, heats waste liquid, system control
Device processed acquires second temperature sensor measured value, and when second temperature sensor measured value reaches 80~90 DEG C, waste liquid enters
Evaporation and crystallization operating mode.
4th, the heating schedule of electric heater 1 adds according to the measured value and electricity of the first, second, and third temperature sensor
The included temperature detect switch (TDS) of hot device 1 automatically processes, to ensure that third temperature sensor value between 150~250 DEG C, makes heat exchange pattern
Keep free convection, with maintain solution without explosive evaporation.
Drying box 13 is left after hot-air cooling, is recycled into after heating again.First, second temperature sensor is real respectively
When monitoring drying box 13 export hot-air and 16 outlet vapor of charging ladle temperature.The hot-air is controlled by resisting blower,
It can recycle in closed space in the system, realize the purpose for saving energy.
In the radioactive liquid waste evaporation process, automatic feed lock 6 is controlled by control system, and acquisition high-precision liquid level/
The measured value of level monitoring device 8 opens supplement at once when monitoring the waste liquid in charging ladle 16 to low value 80~90%
Waste liquid is to high level 91~95%.
4th, the vapor that radioactive liquid waste evaporation generates carries out vapor cold into condensation metering device 9
Solidifying, collection, and the generation rate of condensate liquid is calculated, it, will be cold by empirical data and actual tests data to characterize evaporation rate
Lime set generates rate and the drying regime of substance is associated, and condensate liquid is generated phase of the rate for substance in the charging ladle
State judges.The condensate liquid that system acquisition condenses metering device generates rate, be reduced to when the generation rate of the condensate liquid needed for
Stop heating when the respective value of dry terminal product state, to reach required dry terminal.The air gradually cools down, and
Taking away the heat of the desciccate makes its cooling.
5th, when the second temperature sensor detects that temperature reaches room temperature, the sealing mechanism depressurization state,
Solid desciccate is taken out together with charging ladle.
By taking the radioactive liquid waste of saliferous 10% as an example, accessible amount is 3m3, volume reduction ratio is about 20.
Finally, the radioactive liquid waste evaporation, crystallization and the dry steam generated, by micro- negative for adjusting space in system
The vacuum blower of pressure is taken away, and to being collected or discharging after steam condensation, metering and detection, prevents from that dirt may be contained
Vapor leaks in air.
The utility model is the heat transfer model by establishing hot-air-charging ladle-medium in drying box, obtains hot-air temperature
Relationship between degree and heat flow, observes the superficial phenomenon of waste liquid during test of many times in real time, corrects hot-air-charging
The heat transfer model of bucket-medium, selection can realize the air themperature section without explosive evaporation, select optimum value as electric heater
Control temperature, realize evaporation and crystallization process without explosive evaporation.
Monitoring temperature point at 3, drying box hot-air inlets, that is, third temperature sensor, drying are set in this specific embodiment
Case hot air outlet i.e. the first temperature sensor, charging ladle top gas temperature, that is, second temperature sensor implement operation to monitor
Temperature.Actual motion power by adjusting electric heater in real time makes it meet design condition to control temperature.Third temperature
The measured value of sensor is used for controlling electric heater, and the first and second temperature sensors are for monitoring and checking working condition.
Electric heater in the present embodiment carries out the air themperature for entering drying box using PID control and variable silicon technology
It accurately controls, after third temperature sensor collects temperature signal, electric heater is fed back to, according to actual temperature value and setting value
Between difference carry out PID calculating, output pulse signal control controllable silicon power regulator change heating power, can guarantee the temperature of air
It is high to spend control accuracy.
In the heating period, air is gradually heated up by room temperature, and actual temperature response curve is as shown in Fig. 3, due to air
In temperature-rise period, the temperature of radioactive liquid waste is far less than saturation temperature, so even if the temperature of hot-air is due to thermal inertia meeting
There is the fluctuation higher than setting value, waste liquid will not be caused to boil；In evaporation and crystallization stage, waste liquid has reached saturation temperature
Degree, the real-time observation of waste liquid surface state when calculating and test according to heat transfer theory, by the controlling value of third temperature sensor
Be set in the median of the corresponding temperature range of no explosive evaporation, though caused by thermal inertia third temperature sensor measured value
It is greater than the set value, can also meet the requirement of no explosive evaporation.The temperature range be can realize evaporation rate it is maximum and
The requirement without explosive evaporation of waste liquid.
In addition to the implementation, the utility model can also have other embodiment, all to use equivalent replacement or equivalent change
The technical solution to be formed is changed, the protection domain of the requires of the utility model is all fallen within.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of radioactive liquid waste crystallizing and drying system, including controller, drying box and charging ladle；It is characterized in that：Further include
Heating device and collection device；The heating device includes electric heater (1), is mounted on heater heated air outlet and drying
Third temperature sensor (17) between bottom portion on pipeline is mounted on drying box headspace loop exit and heater air
The first temperature sensor (4) between import and the second temperature sensor (5) at the top of charging ladle；Second temperature
Spend temperature detect switch (TDS) and the controller electrical connection of sensor, third temperature sensor and electric heater；The collection device is logical
Connection at the top of piping and charging ladle, and vacuum blower (10) is installed between the collection device and charging ladle.
2. radioactive liquid waste crystallizing and drying system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Further include being mounted on charging ladle
The Level meter (8) at top.
3. radioactive liquid waste crystallizing and drying system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It further include installation collection device
Pressure sensor (7) on pipeline, the pressure sensor are electrically connected with vacuum blower.
4. radioactive liquid waste crystallizing and drying system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Further include being mounted on to collect dress
Set the condensation metering device (9) on pipeline.
5. radioactive liquid waste crystallizing and drying system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Further include being mounted on heater
The first valve (2) at air access ports and the second valve (18).
6. radioactive liquid waste crystallizing and drying system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Further include being mounted on heater
Resisting blower (3) on inlet pipeline.
7. according to claim 1-6 any one of them radioactive liquid waste crystallizing and drying systems, it is characterised in that：It further include setting
Sealing mechanism (12) on drying box side wall.
8. radioactive liquid waste crystallizing and drying system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：In charging ladle and collection device
Between pipeline on be also provided with demister.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820048324.6U CN208077622U (en) | 2018-01-11 | 2018-01-11 | A kind of radioactive liquid waste crystallizing and drying system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820048324.6U CN208077622U (en) | 2018-01-11 | 2018-01-11 | A kind of radioactive liquid waste crystallizing and drying system |
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| CN208077622U true CN208077622U (en) | 2018-11-09 |
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| CN201820048324.6U Active CN208077622U (en) | 2018-01-11 | 2018-01-11 | A kind of radioactive liquid waste crystallizing and drying system |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108062990A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-05-22 | 航天晨光股份有限公司 | A kind of radioactive liquid waste crystallizing and drying system and method |
| CN110391033A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-10-29 | 江苏中海华核环保有限公司 | A kind of radioactivity concentrate drying device with metering device |
| CN112213352A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-01-12 | 四川阿格瑞新材料有限公司 | A method for measuring the rate of change of liquid evaporation in a high vacuum environment |
| CN113465778A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-10-01 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Temperature acquisition method |
-
2018
- 2018-01-11 CN CN201820048324.6U patent/CN208077622U/en active Active
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108062990A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-05-22 | 航天晨光股份有限公司 | A kind of radioactive liquid waste crystallizing and drying system and method |
| CN108062990B (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2024-06-07 | 航天晨光股份有限公司 | Radioactive waste liquid crystallization drying system and method thereof |
| CN110391033A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-10-29 | 江苏中海华核环保有限公司 | A kind of radioactivity concentrate drying device with metering device |
| CN112213352A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-01-12 | 四川阿格瑞新材料有限公司 | A method for measuring the rate of change of liquid evaporation in a high vacuum environment |
| CN112213352B (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2024-11-26 | 四川阿格瑞新材料有限公司 | A method for measuring the evaporation rate of liquid in a high vacuum environment |
| CN113465778A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-10-01 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Temperature acquisition method |
| CN113465778B (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2022-04-08 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Temperature acquisition method |
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Address after: 211100 No. 188 middle Tianyuan Road, Jiangning economic and Technological Development Zone, Nanjing, Jiangsu Patentee after: AEROSUN Corp. Patentee after: Shanghai Nuclear Engineering Research and Design Institute Co.,Ltd. Address before: 211100 No. 188 middle Tianyuan Road, Jiangning economic and Technological Development Zone, Nanjing, Jiangsu Patentee before: AEROSUN Corp. Patentee before: SHANGHAI NUCLEAR ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. |