CN208076645U - A kind of signal detection system for grounding net defect diagnosis - Google Patents

A kind of signal detection system for grounding net defect diagnosis Download PDF

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CN208076645U
CN208076645U CN201820280568.7U CN201820280568U CN208076645U CN 208076645 U CN208076645 U CN 208076645U CN 201820280568 U CN201820280568 U CN 201820280568U CN 208076645 U CN208076645 U CN 208076645U
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signal
amplifier
search coil
output end
input terminal
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罗光鸿
李文杰
何顺全
朱丹
董学帆
李俊峰
李仲彬
谢尚东
许国龙
罗玉花
杨明锦
廖益发
李敏
陈朝毅
梁永强
赵琴
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Yunnan Power Grid Co ltd Dehong Power Supply Bureau
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Yunnan Power Grid Co ltd Dehong Power Supply Bureau
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Abstract

The utility model is related to a kind of signal detection systems for grounding net defect diagnosis, including search coil, signal processing circuit and acquisition analysis system, the signal output end of the search coil connects the input terminal of signal processing circuit, the input terminal of the output termination acquisition analysis system of signal processing circuit, the signal processing circuit includes instrument amplifier, power frequency notch filter, bandpass filter and lock-in amplifier, the search coil includes the search coil frame of integral structure, it is separately positioned on the search coil barricade and search coil waveguide pipe of search coil frame both sides.The utility model is based on electromagnetic induction principle and phase lock amplifying technology, the magnetic induction intensity that grounded screen apertured conductor is excited in earth's surface is changed into induced voltage signal using search coil, pass through the cooperation with exciting signal frequency, the electromagnetic interference at scene can effectively be inhibited, it pushes main interference frequency point aside, measurement accuracy and resolution ratio is made to disclosure satisfy that defect diagonsis requirement.

Description

A kind of signal detection system for grounding net defect diagnosis
Technical field
The utility model is related to grounded screen detection technique fields, are diagnosed for grounding net defect in particular to one kind Signal detection system.
Background technology
Electric power pylon grounded screen plays a very important role in the safe operation of power Transmission, and ground connection performance is direct It is related to the normal operation of transmission line of electricity, the grounded screen in China mostly uses greatly steel material making, more with the growth of service life Rain and coastal area easily occur the corrosion or fracture of grounding grids, influence the ground connection performance of grounded screen.Earthing or grounding means is generally Latticed grounding body is usually welded to form grid using band steel, round steel, angle steel, steel pipe or copper material etc., and the grid is usually It is embedded in the depth of 0.6~1 meter of underground, to realize pressure, diffusing and the effect for reducing ground resistance, as needed different There is earth conductor to be connected with the electrical equipment on ground at grid position.When short circuit occurs for transmission line of electricity or the failures such as be struck by lightning When, the grounded net of high current of moment is dispensed into ground, and ground resistance is smaller, and the potential rise of grounded screen is lower, such earth's surface The current potential of current potential and the electrical equipment being connected with grounded screen is with regard to low, to protect staff in electrical equipment and transmission line of electricity Personal safety.But the grounded screen of steel material, with the increase of service life, easily occurs rotten in rainy and coastal area Erosion may make earth conductor attenuate even and be broken, destroy the original structure of grounded screen, reduce ground connection performance, lose guarantor Protective function.
In recent years, it searches grounded screen breakpoint and heavy corrosion section has become one great anti-accident measures of power department. It was exactly to sample after certain time limit to excavate inspection that power department, which diagnoses ground net corrosion or is broken the common method of defect, according to defeated The general configuration and rate of corrosion of soil at electric line estimate the extent of corrosion of grounded screen apertured conductor by rule of thumb.This method tool There are blindness, heavy workload to need to consume a large amount of human and material resources and financial resources, while also being restricted by live service condition, It is difficult accurately to diagnose grounding net defect.
Utility model content
In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides, a kind of diagnosis efficiency is high, easy to operate, measurement is accurate uses In the signal detection system of grounding net defect diagnosis.
The technical solution adopted in the utility model is:A kind of signal detection system for grounding net defect diagnosis is provided, Include for detecting the search coil of earth's surface magnetic induction intensity, signal processing circuit and acquisition analysis system, the search coil Signal output end connect the input terminal of signal processing circuit, the input of the output termination acquisition analysis system of signal processing circuit End, the signal processing circuit includes instrument amplifier, power frequency notch filter, bandpass filter and lock-in amplifier, the instrument The input of table amplifier terminates search coil, and output end connects through power frequency notch filter, bandpass filter and lock-in amplifier adopt successively Set analysis system, the reference signal input termination excitation reference signal output end of lock-in amplifier, the clock letter of bandpass filter Number input termination clock pulse generator output end, the search coil include integral structure search coil frame, respectively Search coil barricade and search coil waveguide pipe in search coil frame width both sides is set.
In signal detection system described in the utility model, the power frequency notch filter includes the first operational amplifier and the Two operational amplifiers, first resistor and second resistance, the first capacitance and the second capacitance and potentiometer.
In signal detection system described in the utility model, the first operational amplifier and second operational amplifier are connected into Voltage follower;First resistor and second resistance, the first capacitance and the second capacitance are connected into wave invigorating network, first resistor, the second electricity Resistance, which is connected in series with, to be followed by between the input terminal and the positive input of the first operational amplifier of instrument amplifier, their concatenation Point connects the output end of second operational amplifier through third capacitance;First capacitance, the second capacitance are also connected to instrument after being connected in series with and put Between the input terminal and the positive input of the first operational amplifier of big device, their concatenation point connects the second operation through 3rd resistor The output end of amplifier;The forward direction that the output signal of first operational amplifier is followed by second operational amplifier through potentiometer partial pressure is defeated Enter end, the signal input part of the output termination lock-in amplifier of the first operational amplifier.
In signal detection system described in the utility model, the bandpass filter uses LTC1068/50, LTC1068/50 is connected into 8 rank filters, and signal input part INVA connects the output end of notch filter circuit, signal output end LPD and HPD/HD connects the input terminal of lock-in amplifier.
In signal detection system described in the utility model, the clock signal input terminal of the bandpass filter connects clock The output signal of the output end of impulse generator, lock-in amplifier connects acquisition analysis system through a coupling resistance.
Signal detection system provided by the utility model is based on electromagnetic induction principle and phase lock amplifying technology, utilizes detection line The magnetic induction intensity that grounded screen apertured conductor is excited in earth's surface is changed into induced voltage signal by circle, in transmission line of electricity complexity electromagnetism Under environment, signal is filtered, locking phase amplification and extraction process, and then it is strong to obtain the magnetic induction that Injection Current is excited in earth's surface Degree distribution can effectively inhibit the electromagnetic interference at scene by the cooperation with exciting signal frequency, push main interference frequency point aside, Measurement accuracy and resolution ratio is set to disclosure satisfy that defect diagonsis requirement.
Description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawings and embodiments, the utility model is described in further detail, in attached drawing:
Fig. 1 is the wire structural schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the utility model embodiment middle impedance converter and the equivalent circuit diagram of load;
Fig. 3 is the utility model embodiment middle impedance converter magnetic core geometric parameter figure;
Fig. 4 is the electrical schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment middle impedance converter;
Fig. 5 is the electrical schematic diagram of the signal detection system in the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 6 is the electrical schematic diagram of the power frequency notch filter in the utility model embodiment.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose of the utility model, technical solutions and advantages more clearly understood, below in conjunction with attached drawing and implementation Example, the present invention will be further described in detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain The utility model is not used to limit the utility model.
Signal detection system provided by the utility model is in grounding net defect diagnosis, in diagnosis, passing through driving source System injects pumping signal to grounded screen, so that grounded screen is based on pumping signal and generates induced signal, then passes through the signal detection System is based on the induced signal and carries out defect diagonsis to the grounded screen.
It is put as shown in Figure 1, the driving source system in the present embodiment includes power supply 1, function signal generator 2, power Big circuit 3, impedance transformer 4 and power frequency display unit 5;Power supply 1 respectively put by and function signal generator 2, power Big circuit 3 is connected with power frequency display unit 5, and function signal generator 2, power amplification circuit 3, impedance transformer 4 are successively Connection, impedance transformer 4 are also connected with power frequency display unit 5 and grounded screen load respectively.Specifically, function signal occurs Device 2 includes controlling to adjust circuit 21, signal generating circuit 22 and amplification output stage 23, and it includes sinusoidal signal to control to adjust circuit 21 It controls to adjust circuit 21 and pulse signal controls to adjust circuit 21, signal generating circuit 22 includes 22 He of sinusoidal signal generation circuit Pulse signal generation circuit 22, amplification output stage 23 include that sinusoidal signal amplification output stage 23 and pulse signal amplify output stage 23.Wherein, sinusoidal signal controls to adjust circuit 21 and is used to carry out signal frequency adjusting for staff, and regulating command is sent In sinusoidal signal generation circuit 22;Sinusoidal signal generation circuit 22 generates the original sine of corresponding frequencies based on the frequency instruction Signal;Sinusoidal signal amplification output stage 23, which is used to be amplified processing to original sine signal, obtains the sine wave signal.It can See, sinusoidal signal controls to adjust circuit 21, sinusoidal signal generation circuit 22 and sinusoidal signal amplification output stage 23 for generating just String wave signal and progress signal frequency adjusting;When carrying out signal frequency adjusting, it should be noted that sinusoidal waveform cannot be distorted.Similarly, Pulse signal controls to adjust circuit 21 and is used to carry out signal pulse width adjusting for staff, and regulating command is sent in arteries and veins Rush signal generating circuit 22;Pulse signal generation circuit 22 generates the initial of corresponding pulses width based on the PULSEWIDTH COMMAND Pulse signal;Pulse signal amplification output stage 23, which is used to be amplified processing to inceptive impulse signal, obtains the pulse signal. As it can be seen that pulse signal controls to adjust circuit 21, pulse signal generation circuit 22 and pulse signal amplification output stage 23 for generating Pulse signal and progress signal pulse width adjusting.Power amplification circuit 3 includes input stage 31, pushes grade 32,33 and of output stage Protected level 34, protected level 34 are connect with grade 32 and output stage 33 is pushed respectively.Power amplification circuit 3 is mainly used for the power of signal Amplification and output driving current.When carrying out grounding net defect diagnosis in embodiment, the design principle of power amplification circuit 3 is: (1) working frequency is in the frequency band of 10Hz~50kHz;(2) output signal frequency and output current can be continuously adjusted easily; (3) under conditions of ensureing that output signal has enough driving currents, itself being capable of continuous work.For above-mentioned requirements, this reality It applies and uses linear prower amplifier technology in example, 3 circuit of power amplification circuit includes input stage 31, pushes grade 32,33 and of output stage Protected level 34, final stage output form the output form of complementary push-pull parallel connection, the model of transistor using 10 pairs of high power transistors For 2SC5200 and 2SA1943.Specifically, input stage 31 occurs for receiving from sinusoidal signal generator and/or pulse signal The primary pumping signal of device output, and be sequentially sent to that grade 32, output stage 33 is pushed to be handled, and finally obtain sinusoidal excitation letter Number or pulse excitation signal;Wherein, the effect of input stage 31 is the null offset and temperature drift of suppression circuit, and makes power amplification Output voltage when circuit 3 is static is zero, to ensure circuit stability, reliable work;It is for output to push the effect of grade 32 Grade 33 provides enough driving currents;The effect of output stage 33 is to provide signal power to load;Protected level 34 respectively with promotion Grade 32 and output stage 33 connect, and effect is protected when pushing grade 32 and output stage 33 to be amplified processing to primary pumping signal Protection circuit is not burned out.In the prior art, for input stage 31, promotion grade 32, the work of 34 circuit of output stage 33 and protected level Make principle and the more mature (bibliography of design method:The clear transistors low-frequency channels of Xie Yuan, People's Telecon Publishing House, 1981: 275-295), details are not described herein.Impedance transformer 4 includes primary coil, secondary coil and iron core, and iron core is the nanometer of annular The iron core of brilliant material, primary coil and secondary coil are wrapped on iron core.Primary coil is connect with power amplification circuit 3, secondary It is provided on coil for N number of tap with grounded screen load connection, N number of tap corresponds to different primary and secondary coils and becomes respectively Than the primary and secondary coil no-load voltage ratio refers to the ratio of the number of turns of primary coil and the number of turns of secondary coil;Wherein, N be more than etc. In 1 integer.
Below according to Circuit theory, impedance transformer 4 is designed.Because duty factor transistor output impedance is much smaller, If the output current of power output stage 33 is a monochromatic wave, use a current source as its equivalent circuit, by impedance transformer 4 All parameters are converted into the primary value of converter, then impedance transformer 4 and the equivalent circuit of load are as shown in Figure 2.
In Fig. 2, C1For primary coil distribution capacity, C '2=C2/n2It is converted into primary value for secondary coil distribution capacity, r1It is hindered for the copper of primary coil, r '2=n2r2It is converted into primary value, L for the resistance of secondary coil copper1For the leakage inductance of primary coil, L '2= n2L2It is converted into primary value, L for secondary coil leakage inductance0To encourage inductance, R 'L=n2RLIt is converted into primary for secondary load resistance Value, n=N1/N2For the no-load voltage ratio of primary and secondary.In Mid Frequency, distribution capacity and excitation inductance are considered as open circuit, and leakage inductance is considered as short Road, at this time the total impedance of power amplifier load be:
RO=r1+r′2+R′L (1)
The transfer efficiency of impedance transformer 4 is:
η in formulaTFor transfer efficiency, 0.9 is generally taken, no-load voltage ratio can be designed according to (2) formula.Low-frequency range, distribution capacity is still It is considered as open circuit, leakage inductance is considered as short circuit, can be listed according to Circuit theory:
Lower frequency limit is taken as:
When load and lower frequency limit determine, inductance L is encouraged0It can be acquired by (4) formula.
4 magnetic core of impedance transformer uses circular nano crystalline substance iron core, as shown in figure 3, its saturation induction density Bs is more than 1.24T, Effective permeability is up to 105, empirically formula can calculate core section product, S=0.2PLfl(cm2), P in formulaLFor impedance The power that converter 4 is exported to load, flFor lower frequency limit;Number of primary turnsl0For excitation electricity Sense, lcFor iron circuit average length, S accumulates for core cross section.
The electrical schematic diagram of impedance transformer 4 is as shown in figure 4, using four kinds of no-load voltage ratios 2:1,1:1,2:3 and 1:2 tap, with Meet different measurement needs.In the present embodiment, the winding wire diameter of primary coil is 2.0mm (i.e. as shown in the figure), circle Number is 160 (160T i.e. as shown in the figure), input current 30A;Tap there are four being set altogether on secondary coil, the winding of secondary coil Line footpath is (i.e. as shown in the figure for 3.7mm at first tap), at second tap for 2.0mm (i.e. as shown in the figure), at third tap and the 4th tap for 1.4mm (i.e. as shown in the figure), the number of turns at four taps is equal For 80 (80T i.e. as shown in the figure), output current 60A.The thickness of iron core is 75mm, internal diameter 180mm, outer diameter 260mm.Tool Body, when selecting rheostatic as the impedance output end of first tap, primary and secondary coil no-load voltage ratio is 2:1;When selection second When rheostatic as the impedance output end of a tap, primary and secondary coil no-load voltage ratio is 1:1;When select third tap as impedance When rheostatic output end, primary and secondary coil no-load voltage ratio is 2:3;When select the 4th tap as the rheostatic output end of impedance When, primary and secondary coil no-load voltage ratio is 1:2.
The armature winding (i.e. primary coil) of the output end connection impedance transformer 4 of power amplification circuit 3, according to measurement need It wants, selects suitable secondary windings, that is, select the tap of suitable secondary coil as output end, export if necessary higher Driving voltage signal, then select 2:3 or 1:2 primary and secondary coil no-load voltage ratio, exports higher exciting current signal if necessary, Then select 2:1 or 1:1 primary and secondary coil no-load voltage ratio.Specifically, when measuring grounded screen electric potential signal, need to note to grounded screen The pumping signal for entering high voltage-small current, then select 1:2 primary and secondary coil no-load voltage ratio is needed when measuring grounded screen magnetic field signal The pumping signal that low-voltage, high-current is injected to grounded screen, then select 2:1 primary and secondary coil no-load voltage ratio.As it can be seen that in the present embodiment In, by the design of primary coil, in broad frequency band, meet the load requirement of power amplifier;By making secondary coil adopt It is exported with multi-tap, realizes using the method for changing primary and secondary coil no-load voltage ratio, according to the actual needs of measurement, promote output Current or voltage, to obtain required pumping signal;The selection of magnetic core (i.e. iron core) material, can guarantee in working band, compared with In the case of big operating current, there is preferable transfer efficiency.
As shown in figure 5, the signal detection system includes search coil L, signal processing circuit and acquisition analysis system C, The signal output end of search coil L meets the input terminal of signal processing circuit, the output termination collection analysis system of signal processing circuit The input terminal of system C.Signal processing circuit is amplified by instrument amplifier YF, power frequency notch filter XB, bandpass filter LB and locking phase Device SXF compositions, the input of instrument amplifier YF terminate search coil L, and output end is successively through power frequency notch filter XB, bandpass filter LB and lock-in amplifier SXF meets acquisition analysis system C, and the reference signal input terminal S of lock-in amplifier SXF connects excitation reference signal Output end, the clock signal input terminal f of bandpass filter LBCLKConnect clock pulse generator output end.As shown in fig. 6, power frequency is fallen into Wave device XB is made of two operational amplifiers, resistance, capacitance and potentiometer W, and 50Hz trap circuits are constituted using twin-T network, It can be with the Q values of adjustment circuit by W.Two operational amplifiers are the first operational amplifier F1 and second operational amplifier respectively F2 is connected into voltage follower;Resistance, capacitance are connected into wave invigorating network, wherein first resistor R1, second resistance R2 are connected in series with It is followed by between the input terminal and the positive input of the first operational amplifier F1 of instrument amplifier YF, their concatenation o'clock is through Three capacitance C3 connect the output end of second operational amplifier F2, and the first capacitance C1, the second capacitance C2 are also connected to instrument after being connected in series with Between the input terminal of amplifier YF and the positive input of the first operational amplifier F1, their concatenation point connects through 3rd resistor R3 The output signal of the output end of second operational amplifier F2, the first operational amplifier F1 is followed by the second operation through potentiometer W partial pressures The positive input of amplifier F2, the signal input part of the output terminal strip bandpass filter LB of the first operational amplifier F1.Band logical Filter LB uses LTC1068/50, LTC1068/50 to be connected into 8 rank filters, and signal input part connects the defeated of power frequency notch filter XB Outlet, clock signal input terminal fCLKThe output end of pulse signal generator is connect, the output signal at the ends BDP connects lock-in amplifier The output end of the input terminal of SXF, lock-in amplifier SXF meets acquisition analysis system C through a coupling resistance.
Because the electromagnetic environment of transmission line of electricity is sufficiently complex, Hz noise up to tens micro- special (μ T), while there is also harmonic wave, Electromagnetic interference caused by chopper switch and line current variation etc., it is first in order to effectively detect the Distribution of Magnetic Field of earth's surface Earth's surface magnetic induction intensity signal is changed into induced voltage signal first with search coil L, the search coil L packets in the present embodiment The search coil barricade for including the search coil frame of integral structure, being separately positioned on search coil frame width both sides And search coil waveguide pipe.It can reduce the signal caused by splicing gap by the search coil frame of integral structure to believe Number leak case, the screen of coil can be improved by the way that the search coil barricade in search coil frame width both sides is arranged Effect is covered, the installation of search coil is facilitated, improves production efficiency.Then, using instrument amplifier as buffer stage, for inhibiting altogether Mould interferes and impedance transformation, notch filter circuit inhibit 50Hz strong jammings, by carrying out notch filter, filtering, locking phase to signal After the technical finesses such as amplification, measurement result is stored in computer using data collecting system C, notch filter circuit falls into 50Hz Depth of convolution degree should reach 50dB, and bandwidth-limited circuit is decayed about 3dB at ± 10Hz, and 25dB is decayed at ± 45Hz, ± Decaying reaches 50dB at 90Hz, after by trap and being filtered, it has to be possible to inhibit Hz noise;The passband of bandpass filter Narrower bandwidth, and centre frequency continuously adjustable, centre frequency can be adjusted within the scope of 200~900Hz, according to measure field Actual electromagnetic background be arranged suitable exciting signal frequency and receive system centre frequency, can effectively extract Use signal.
Signal detection system in the utility model embodiment is based on electromagnetic induction principle and phase lock amplifying technology, utilizes spy The magnetic induction intensity that grounded screen apertured conductor is excited in earth's surface is changed into induced voltage signal by test coil, in transmission line of electricity complexity Under electromagnetic environment, signal is filtered, locking phase amplification and extraction process, and then obtains the magnetic strength that Injection Current is excited in earth's surface Intensity distribution is answered, by the cooperation with exciting signal frequency, can effectively inhibit the electromagnetic interference at scene, pushes main interference frequency aside Point makes measurement accuracy and resolution ratio disclosure satisfy that defect diagonsis requirement.
The embodiments of the present invention are described above in association with attached drawing, but the utility model is not limited to The specific implementation mode stated, the above mentioned embodiment is only schematical, rather than restrictive, this field it is common Technical staff is not departing from the utility model aims and scope of the claimed protection situation under the enlightenment of the utility model Under, many forms can be also made, these are belonged within the protection of the utility model.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of signal detection system for grounding net defect diagnosis, which is characterized in that including being used to detect earth's surface magnetic induction Search coil, signal processing circuit and the acquisition analysis system of intensity, the signal output end of the search coil connect signal processing The input terminal of circuit, the input terminal of the output termination acquisition analysis system of signal processing circuit, the signal processing circuit include Instrument amplifier, power frequency notch filter, bandpass filter and lock-in amplifier, the input termination detection line of the instrument amplifier Circle, output end connect acquisition analysis system, the ginseng of lock-in amplifier through power frequency notch filter, bandpass filter and lock-in amplifier successively It examines signal input part and connects excitation reference signal output end, it is defeated that the clock signal input terminal of bandpass filter connects clock pulse generator Outlet, the search coil include the search coil frame of integral structure, are separately positioned on the search coil frame width The search coil barricade and search coil waveguide pipe of both sides.
2. the signal detection system according to claim 1 for grounding net defect diagnosis, which is characterized in that the power frequency Trapper includes the first operational amplifier and second operational amplifier, first resistor and second resistance, the first capacitance and the second electricity Appearance and potentiometer.
3. the signal detection system according to claim 2 for grounding net defect diagnosis, which is characterized in that the first operation Amplifier and second operational amplifier are connected into voltage follower;First resistor and second resistance, the first capacitance and the second capacitance It is connected into wave invigorating network, first resistor, second resistance are connected in series with the input terminal and the first operation amplifier being followed by instrument amplifier Between the positive input of device, their concatenation point connects the output end of second operational amplifier through third capacitance;First capacitance, Two capacitances are also connected to after being connected in series between the input terminal of instrument amplifier and the positive input of the first operational amplifier, they Concatenation point the output end of second operational amplifier is connect through 3rd resistor;The output signal of first operational amplifier is through potentiometer point Pressure is followed by the positive input of second operational amplifier, the signal input of the output termination lock-in amplifier of the first operational amplifier End.
4. the signal detection system according to claim 3 for grounding net defect diagnosis, which is characterized in that the band logical Filter uses LTC1068/50, LTC1068/50 to be connected into 8 rank filters, and signal input part INVA connects notch filter circuit Output end, signal output end LPD and HPD/HD connect the input terminal of lock-in amplifier.
5. the signal detection system according to claim 4 for grounding net defect diagnosis, which is characterized in that the band logical The clock signal input terminal of filter connects the output end of clock pulse generator, and the output signal of lock-in amplifier is coupled through one Resistance connects acquisition analysis system.
CN201820280568.7U 2018-02-28 2018-02-28 A kind of signal detection system for grounding net defect diagnosis Active CN208076645U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110646656A (en) * 2019-07-19 2020-01-03 国网辽宁省电力有限公司大连供电公司 In-transit grounding grid tide detection device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110646656A (en) * 2019-07-19 2020-01-03 国网辽宁省电力有限公司大连供电公司 In-transit grounding grid tide detection device
CN110646656B (en) * 2019-07-19 2022-06-03 国网辽宁省电力有限公司大连供电公司 In-transit grounding grid tide detection device

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